JP2878996B2 - Angular attachment for machine tools - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an angular attachment for a machine tool. More specifically, the present invention relates to an angular attachment for a machine tool, which can automatically rotate an angular attachment having a sub-spindle perpendicular to the main spindle around the main spindle by 360 degrees with respect to the main spindle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A machining center for machining a surface other than a surface directly facing a spindle is required to perform side machining and multi-face machining in addition to machining with a side cutter and an end mill when machining from a main spindle side. An angular attachment attached to the spindle head is used. Processing means, such as a five-sided processing machine, depart from the scope of a machining center.

As shown in FIG. 7, an attachment 01 constituting a conventional machining center multi-face machining means has a sub spindle 03 orthogonal to a transmission shaft 02 detachably connected to a spindle of a spindle head. Such an attachment 0
Reference numeral 1 denotes a transmission drive system which is detachably attached to the spindle head and transmits a driving force of the spindle to the sub spindle. The attachment and detachment of such an attachment is usually performed by an automatic tool changer.

Further, a positioning mechanism is provided for preventing the attachment and the main shaft from interlockingly rotating and for determining the direction of the sub-main shaft with respect to the main shaft. Known processing machines of this kind are:
The attachment 01 includes a main body 04 and a turning head 05 so that a plurality of processes intersecting with a surface directly facing the main shaft can be performed. The turning head 05 is pressed and fixed to the main body 04 by bolts 06 after being rotated in a predetermined direction at intervals of, for example, 90 degrees.

[0005]

As shown in FIG. 8, when the machining of the surface in the direction I after the machining of the surface in the direction I around the main body 05 is performed and the machining of the surface in the direction II is performed, conventionally, the bolt 06 is removed and the turning head is removed. 05 was rotated 90 degrees around the main body 04, and was again fixed to the main body 04 with the bolts 06. According to such a rotation fixing method, it is troublesome and there is a problem in efficiency. 4
In the case where the four types of attachments corresponding to the respective directions of the surface are respectively changed by the automatic tool changer, there is a problem in terms of equipment cost.

The present invention has been made based on such a technical background, and achieves the following objects.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an angular attachment for a machine tool capable of easily and accurately determining a turning head.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an angular attachment for a machine tool which can easily press the attachment body and the swivel head.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an angular attachment for a machine tool which can automatically determine a turning head.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above-mentioned problems, the following means are adopted. The reference numbers shown in parentheses in the constituent means described below are numbers for clarifying the correspondence between the constituent means of the present invention and the constituent means of the embodiment, and are not limited to limiting the present invention to the embodiment. Absent.

The angular attachment for a machine tool according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a main body (2) detachably attached to a spindle head, and a detachable coupling to a main spindle (6) of the spindle head, and is rotated in the main body (2). A rotating shaft (5) freely supported,
An index plate (7) fixed to the main body (2), a revolving head (3) provided to be rotatable about the rotation axis (5) with respect to the index plate (7), and the revolving head A sub spindle (61) provided at (3) and having an axis that is angle-converted with respect to the axis of the rotary shaft (5); and the turning head (3) with respect to the main body (2).
Are pull-out preventing means (14, 15) which are movably engaged in the axial direction, and which prevent the turning head (3) from coming off from the main body (2); 3)
And the index plate (7) are interposed between the rotary head (3) and the index plate (7) so that the rotary head (3) is relatively close to the index plate (7). Crimping means for crimping (1
9, 25, 26), the swivel head (3) and the index plate (7) are relatively separated from each other to release the crimping by the crimping means (19, 25, 26). , 31) and a positioning hole (4) provided in the turning head (3) and moving in the axial direction of the turning axis of the turning head (3) and provided in the index plate (7).
7) and a positioning pin (41) that can be inserted freely.

The angular attachment of the machine tool according to the second aspect of the present invention is the angular attachment of the machine tool according to the first aspect of the present invention, and the pull-out preventing means (14, 1).
5) is composed of a main body side fixing member (14) fixed to the main body (2) and a turning head side fixing member (15) fixed to the turning head (3), and the main body side fixing member (14). )
The surface on the body (2) side of the rotary head engages with the surface on the turning head side of the turning head side fixing member (15), and the crimping means (19, 25, 26) includes the turning head (19). 3) and a biasing means (26) interposed between the separating members (15, 16, 18, 25), and a main body provided on the revolving head (3) by the biasing means (26). (2) a separation member (15, 16, 18, 25) that is movable in a direction away from the rotation head and includes the turning head side fixing member (15); Members (15, 1
6, 18, 25) movably provided in a plunger (31), and moved in a direction intersecting the moving direction of the separating member (15, 16, 18, 25) by driving the plunger (31). A moving member (22) that moves and a tapered surface (24) that is engaged with the moving member (22) and is moved in a direction intersecting the moving direction of the moving member (22). And a fixed fixing member (23).

An angular attachment for a machine tool according to a third aspect of the present invention is the angular attachment for the machine tool according to the second aspect, wherein the moving member (22) is a steel ball (2).
2).

[0014]

[0015]

[0016]

[0017]

Embodiment

(Embodiment 1) Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
Is a plan sectional view. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of ABCD-FIG.
It is E line compound front sectional drawing. As shown in FIG. 1, an attachment 1 is attached to a spindle head (not shown) of a machining center.
Are detachably fixed by means not shown. The attachment 1 includes a main body 2 and a turning head 3.
The revolving head 3 is attached to the main body 2 so as to be revolvable and fixable by means described later.

A rotating shaft 5 is rotatably provided at the center of the main body 2 via a bearing 4. The tapered portion 5a at the upper end of the rotating shaft 5 has a main shaft 6 rotatably supported on the main shaft head.
It is detachably connected to the taper. An index plate 7 is fixed to a lower end surface of the main body 2 by bolts 8. The upper end surface 11 of the revolving head 3 is pressed against the lower end surface 9 of the index plate 7. This crimping means will be described later.

The index plate 7 has an inner cylindrical surface, and the inner cylindrical surface has a large-diameter cylindrical surface 12 and a small-diameter cylindrical surface 13.
And The lower bearing 4 is fitted into the large-diameter cylindrical surface 12 of the index plate 7 and the inner cylindrical surface of the main body 2. The connector 15 is mounted on the upper surface of the small-diameter step portion 14 of the index plate 7 forming the small-diameter cylindrical surface 13. The lower end surface of the flange 15a at the upper end of the connector 15 is
In a crimping state described later shown in FIG.
On the upper surface of the small-diameter step portion 14.

A screw is cut on the outer peripheral surface of the connector 15, and a cylindrical sleeve 16 is screwed to the connector 15 from the outside. The index plate 7, the connector 15, and the sleeve 16 all share the central axis of the rotating shaft 5. The sleeve 16 has a small diameter portion 17 on the inner peripheral surface side. Until the upper surface of the small diameter portion 17 hits the lower end surface of the connector 15,
The connector 15 and the sleeve 16 are screwed together and their end faces are tightly integrated.

The lower end of the sleeve 16 has a bottom 18 with a central hole. A screw is cut in the center hole of the sleeve 16, and a cylindrical retainer 19 is screwed and integrated with the screw. The retainer 19 is provided with three steel ball receiving holes 21 at intervals of 120 degrees on one circumference. One steel ball 22 is fitted into each of the three steel ball receiving holes 21. A pressure plate 23 having a center hole formed in the lower end surface of the revolving head 3 is fixed by bolts.

The upper surface of the pressure plate 23 is formed as a tapered surface 24. The tapered surface 24 is formed so that the outside is upward. A hub 25 is screwed outside the lower part of the retainer 19. A disc spring 26 is interposed between the lower end surface of the pressure plate 23 and the upper end surface of the hub 25. The disc spring 26 pushes the index plate 7 relatively downward through the hub 25, the retainer 19, the sleeve 16, and the connector 15, and at the same time, pushes the turning head 3 relatively upward through the pressure plate 23. It is energizing.

As described above, the disc spring 26 presses the upper end surface 11 of the revolving head 3 against the lower end surface 9 of the index plate 7. A plunger 31 is slidably inserted inside the retainer 19. A cap 32 is attached to a lower end of the plunger 31. A compression spring 33 is interposed between the flange of the cap 32 and the hub 25, and constantly presses the plunger 31 downward. A rolling ball 34 is fitted between the plunger 31 and the cap 32. The plunger 31 has a small diameter portion 31a.

An inclined surface 31b is formed on the small diameter portion 31a. A steel ball 22 that fits into the steel ball receiving hole 21 of the retainer 19 is in loose contact with the inclined surface 31b. A positioning pin 41 is provided on the swivel head 3 outside the sleeve 16 and is vertically guided and vertically moved. A swinging lever 43 for positioning release is swingably supported by a swinging pin 42 mounted on the turning head 3 in a horizontal direction.

The swing lever 43 has a positioning pin side operation arm 44 and a plunger side operation arm 45. The positioning pin side operation arm 44 is engaged with an operation recess 45 provided in the positioning pin 41. The upper end of the positioning pin 41 is formed in a positioning taper portion 46. The positioning taper 46 is inserted into a positioning hole 47 provided in the index plate 7 in a crimped state.

The positioning holes 47 are provided at four locations on the index plate 7 at 90-degree intervals on the same circumference. A positioning compression spring 48 is interposed between the main body 3 and the positioning pin 41. A bevel gear 51 is attached to the lower end of the rotating shaft 5 by a key 52 so as to rotate in the same body. The bevel gear 51 is fixed to the rotating shaft 5 with a screw.

The bevel gear 51 is arranged in an operation space in the sleeve 16. A sub spindle 61 is rotatably provided on the turning head 3 via a bearing 62 and the like. A tapered hole 63 for tool attachment is formed in the sub spindle 61. A power transmission bevel gear 64 is mounted on the sub spindle 61. The power transmission bevel gear 64 meshing with the bevel gear 51 converts the rotation center of the rotating shaft 5 by 90 degrees and rotates the sub-main shaft 61.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment and the automatic indexing method will be described. FIG. 1 shows a working state in which processing is possible, that is, a state in which the turning head 3 is pressed against the index plate 7. The plunger 31 is pushed down by a compression spring 33. The steel ball 22 fits into the steel ball receiving hole 21 of the retainer 19, falls into the small diameter portion of the plunger 31, and is loosely fitted on the inclined surface 31b of the plunger 31.

Plunger-side operating arm 45 of swing lever 43
Is floating from the upper end surface of the plunger 31. The operating arm 44 on the positioning pin side of the swing lever 43 that is free
Does not substantially act on the plunger-side operating arm 45 of the positioning pin 41. The positioning pin 41 is urged by the positioning compression spring 48 and is pushed upward to move to the upper position, that is, the positioning position. The positioning taper portion 46 at the upper end of the positioning pin 41 is fitted into the positioning hole 47 of the index plate 7. The index plate 7 is positioned in the rotation direction around the center line of the rotary shaft 5 with respect to the turning head 3 by the positioning pins 41. Hub 25 pressed by lower surface of disc spring 26
Are pressed downward relative to the pressure plate 23. The retainer 19 integrated with the hub 25 is provided with the hub 2.
5 is pushed downward. The bottom 18 of the sleeve 16, which is integral with the retainer 19, is pushed downward by the retainer 19. The connector 15 integrated with the sleeve 16 is pushed downward by the sleeve 16.

The index plate 7 whose upper surface is pressed against the lower end surface of the connector 15 is a pressure plate 23
Is pressed relatively downward. On the other hand, disc spring 2
6 being pressed by the upper side
Are pushed upward relative to the hub 25. The swivel head 3 which is integral with the pressure plate 23 is pushed upward by the pressure plate 23. in this way,
The revolving head 3 is pushed upward relative to the index plate 7 by the disc spring 26, and the index plate 7
Is pressed downward relative to the swivel head 3 by a disc spring 26. For this reason, the upper end surface of the revolving head 3 is pressed against the lower end surface of the index plate 7 (this state is referred to as
Crimped state).

In this crimped state, the spindle 6 of the spindle head (not shown)
Is driven to rotate, the rotating shaft 5 tapered to the main shaft 6
Is driven to rotate. The sub spindle 61, which is rotationally coupled to the rotating shaft 5 via bevel gears 51, 64, is driven to rotate. For example, a hexahedron work (not shown) having a surface at a position I shown in FIG. 3 is machined by a tool (not shown) taperedly connected to the sub spindle 61.

Next, an automatic indexing method for directing the sub spindle 61 to the position II shown in FIG. 3 will be described. The accessory member 81 shown in FIG. 1 is used for this automatic indexing method. Attached member 81
Is fixed on a table 82 that moves in the X-axis direction of the machine body of the machining center, and a push table 85 is provided integrally. The upper surface of the push table 85 is the table 8
2 is maintained parallel to the upper surface.

The X axis is perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1 and is orthogonal to the Z axis in the main axis direction of the main body. The control of the movement in the Z-axis direction and the movement of the table 82 is performed by a numerical control function naturally provided in the machining center.

Before the automatic indexing is performed, the axis of the spindle 6 is made to coincide with the point P (see FIG. 4) of the push table 85 within the predetermined machine working range by operating the spindle. The spindle head (not shown) is lowered in the Z-axis direction by a Z-axis command from the control unit of the machining center. Due to this lowering, the rolling ball 34 at the lower end of the swivel head 3 hits the push table 85. By lowering the swivel head 3,
The rolling ball 34 relatively moves upward against the urging force of the compression spring 33, and the plunger 31 is pushed up.

The steel ball 22 loosely fitted in the steel ball receiving hole 21 of the retainer 19 is pushed by the inclined surface 31b of the small diameter portion 31a of the plunger 31, and is pushed radially outward. The steel ball 22, which is further pushed outward by the large diameter portion of the plunger 31 moving upward, transmits a downward component force to the pressure plate 23 via the tapered surface 24.

This component force is sufficiently larger than the pushing force of the disc spring 26 pushing the pressure plate 23 upward, so that the contact force between the revolving head 3 and the index plate 7 is eliminated, and the contact state is released. The steel ball 22 is moved upward in FIG. 1 along the tapered surface 24 by being pushed outward, the retainer 19 is moved upward by the steel ball 22, and the sleeve 16 integrated therewith is moved upward. The clearance is created by the gap between the interference surface between the main body side fixing member 14 and the turning head side fitting member 15, and the surface pressure of the portion where the turning head 3 and the index plate 7 are vertically contacted is
Becomes zero.

Almost simultaneously with the release of the crimping state, the upper surface of the plunger 31 hits the plunger-side operating arm 45 of the swing lever 43, and further pushes down the plunger-side operating arm 45 by lowering the main shaft in the Z-axis direction. The operating arm 44 is pushed down. By the downward swing of the positioning pin side operation arm 44, the positioning pin 41 is pressed down against the positioning compression spring 48, and the positioning pin 41 is moved downward.
The positioning taper portion 46 comes out below the positioning hole 47.

The rolling ball 34 is kept pressed by the push table 85, and the steel ball 22 rests on the vertical cylindrical surface of the plunger 31, so that the pressure-release state is maintained and the positioning release state is maintained. Is also maintained. Four rotating pins 87a, 87b, 87c, 87d (only two are shown) projecting vertically downward from the lower end surface of the pressure plate 23 are provided at the rotating head 3 at 90 ° intervals on the same circumference.
It is fixed to. Rotating pin 87 when the swiveling head 3 descends
Only a is inserted into the guide groove 88 provided in the attachment member 81 (see FIG. 4). When inserted in this way, the lowering of the spindle is stopped.

Next, the table 82 moves in the X-axis direction (arrow direction). This movement causes the rotation pin 87a to move from the position A shown in FIG. Rotating pin 8
By such a movement of 7a, the revolving head 3 rotates on a horizontal plane by 90 degrees about the center line of the rotating shaft 5, that is, the Z axis. The rotation of the turning head 3 is smoothly performed by the rotation of the rolling ball 34. The X-axis movement amount PP ′ from position a to position b is equal to the distance between the rotation pins 87 adjacent to each other.

At the position rotated by 90 degrees in this manner, the positioning pins 41
It is right below the adjacent positioning hole 47 having a different phase. When the spindle head (not shown) is raised, the plunger 31 is pushed down by the compression spring 33 and moves down to the state shown in FIG. 1, indicating that the automatic indexing has been completed.

The revolving head 3 can be further rotated by 90 degrees by repeating the automatic indexing steps. Further, if the X axis is moved in the opposite direction from the point P ′ to the point P, the turning head 3 can be reversed and returned to the original position.

(Embodiment 2) While Embodiment 1 is based on automatic indexing, Embodiment 2 shown in FIG. 5 shows a method of manual indexing. In the second embodiment, the retainer 19 of the first embodiment,
The plunger 31 and the steel ball 22 have been removed. A sleeve 16a corresponding to the sleeve 16 of the first embodiment is provided. A screw hole 91 is cut in the bottom of the sleeve 16a in the vertical direction. Pressure plate 2 of the first embodiment
The pressure plate 23 a corresponding to the pivot 3 is fixed to the turning head 3.

The screw holes 9 are formed in the pressure plate 23a.
2 is cut off. A bolt 93 is passed through the screw hole 92 and screwed into the screw hole 91. The forward and reverse rotation of the bolt 93 causes the pressure plate 23a and the sleeve 16 to rotate.
a can be relatively approached or separated from each other. That is, the bolt 93 corresponds to the disc spring 26 of the first embodiment. Positioning pin 41a corresponding to positioning pin 41
For manual operation.

[0044]

Other Embodiments Although the embodiment of the angular attachment of the machine tool according to the present invention has been described with respect to turning at every 90 degrees, it can be easily modified so as to turn at every angle other than 90 degrees. For example, the moving distance or direction of the table 82 is changed. Also, plunger 3
1, the retainer 19, the cap 32, the hub 25, the compression spring 33, and the rolling ball 34 shown in FIG. 1 are used as they are, and as shown in FIG. 6, an auxiliary tool 91 which can be screwed into the hub 25 is used. To perform indexing. A bottom surface 92 is provided inside the auxiliary tool 91.
By adjusting the degree to which the auxiliary tool 91 is screwed into the hub 25, the same action as the relative lowering of the plunger 31 as shown in the first embodiment can be performed. Swivel head 3
Is manually indexed to a desired position.

[0045]

According to the angular attachment of the machine tool of the present invention, the swivel head can be easily swiveled with respect to the main body without automatically supporting the weight of the main body, either automatically or manually. In addition, when used in a machining center, a function is provided that can completely automate indexing using the functions of the machining center.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing Embodiment 1 of an angular attachment of a machine tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a plan view for explaining a turning position.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an attached member for performing automatic turning.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing Embodiment 2 of the angular attachment of the machine tool of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing Embodiment 3 of the angular attachment of the machine tool of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a conventional device.

FIG. 8 is a plan view for explaining a turning position of the conventional device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Attachment 2 ... Main body 3 ... Revolving head 5 ... Rotating axis 7 ... Index plate 9 ... Surface 11 ... Surface 14 ... Small diameter step part (main body side fixing member) 15 ... Connector (slewing head side fixing member) 16 ... Sleeve (separation) 18) Bottom 19 Retainer 21 Steel ball receiving hole 22 Steel ball 23 Pressure plate 24 Tapered surface 25 Hub (separating member) 26 Disc spring (biasing means) 31 Plunger (separating member) 34 ... rolling ball (plunger separating member) 41 ... positioning pin 47 ... positioning hole

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A main body detachably attached to a spindle head.
(2)And the spindle of the spindle head(6)Detachably connected to the body(2)
Rotary shaft rotatably supported inside(5)And the body(2)Index plate fixed to
(7)And the index plate(7)Against the rotating shaft
(5)Swivel head that can be swiveled around(3)
And the turning head(3)The rotary shaft provided on the(5)On the axis of
Secondary spindle with axis converted to angle(61)When,The turning head (3) is in the axial direction with respect to the main body (2).
And movably engaged with the main body (2).
Pull-out prevention means for preventing the turning head (3) from coming off
(14, 15), The swivel head(3)And the index plate(7)When
Interposed between the swivel head(3)And the index
rate(7)And the turning head(3)To
The index plate(7)Crimp against
Crimping means(19, 25, 26)And the turning head(3)And the index plate(7)When
And the pressing means(19, 25, 26)
Crimping release means for releasing crimping by(22,3
1)And the turning head(3)Provided on the swivel head(3)Swivel axis
Move in the axial direction of the index plate(7)Set in
Drilled positioning holes(47)Positioning that can be freely inserted into
pin(41)Machine tool consisting of
Chimento. 2. An angular attachment for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein said pull-out preventing means (14, 15) comprises: a main body side fixing member (14) fixed to said main body (2); The turning head side fixing member (1 ) fixed to (3)
5) The main body of the main body side fixing member (14)
Be one and the turning head side surface of the (2) side surface and the turning head-side fixed member (15) is engaged, said crimping means (19,25,26), said swivel head (3 ) And the separating members (15, 16, 18,
25) and a biasing means (26) interposed between the rotating head (3) and the biasing means (26) so as to be movable in a direction away from the main body (2) by the biasing means (26). Release members (15, 1 ) including a head-side fixing member (15)
6, 18, 25), and the pressure release means (22, 31) is movable to the separating members ( 15, 16, 18, 25).
A plunger (31) provided, and the separating member driven by driving the plunger (31).
A moving member (22) moving in a direction intersecting the moving direction of (15, 16, 18, 25); and a moving member (22) engaging with the moving member (22) in a direction intersecting the moving direction of the moving member (22). The tapered surface (2
4) and a fixing member (2 ) fixed to the turning head (3).
3) An angular attachment for a machine tool consisting of: 3. The angular attachment of a machine tool according to claim 2 , wherein said moving member (22) is a steel ball (22) .