JP2877625B2 - Groove shape detector in submerged arc welding of thick steel plate - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a submerged arc welding of a thick steel plate whose groove shape changes depending on the position, for example, as in square seam welding of a square steel pipe column in which a full penetration welding portion and a partial penetration welding portion coexist. And a groove shape detecting device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 2, four steel plates 2a, 2b,
Assembling 2c and 2d into a box-shaped cross section, 4 square seam sections 21
A, 21b, 21c, and 21d are joined by submerged arc welding to manufacture square steel tubular columns (also called box columns) for middle and high-rise buildings. Conventionally, when the thickness of the steel plate is large, the welding method that raises the inside of the groove in multiple passes was usual, but the production length of the square steel pipe column is very common to reach 10 m or more, and the work efficiency is extremely high. Low. Therefore, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-19419, a welding method using a plurality of torches and welding in a single pass with a large current has been developed, and is widely used today.

[0003] Incidentally, the above-mentioned square steel pipe column has a portion that simply functions as a column and a connection portion that is connected to a beam or the like to receive a horizontal force or a moment. It is not necessary to perform full penetration welding over the entire area, and if the connection is joined with full penetration,
For other parts, partial penetration is often sufficient. Since the length ratio is rather small in the connection part, it is needless to say that if complete penetration welding is limited to the necessary parts, it is economical in terms of work efficiency, welding power, welding material, etc. .

[0004] By the way, in the submerged arc welding from the beginning, after the arc is started, the welding device automatically runs, so that it is not necessary for the operator to constantly operate. Therefore, in the case of the submerged arc welding of the square seam portion of the square steel tube column, from the viewpoint of reducing thermal distortion and work efficiency, the same worker can simultaneously perform two seams on the same surface, for example, 21a and 21b in FIG. It is customary to construct.

[0005] However, since the steel plate used for the square steel pipe column is generally thick, a high level of technology is required even if the entire length is welded under constant welding conditions. Attempting to change the depth requires a cross-section measurement and frequent change operations by the operator, and in particular, fine adjustment of the welding speed requires advanced skills and experience, making it extremely difficult and unreliable welding Not get.

Therefore, conventionally, the entire length is completely penetration-welded in consideration of the uneconomical situation, or the joint portion is preliminarily welded at the bottom of the groove, and then the entire length is partially penetrated. Welding had been done. Also,
Since groove processing is usually performed by gas cutting, the cross-sectional shape or cross-sectional area is the entire length due to errors in processing, assembly errors of steel plates, deformation of steel plates, etc. Is not necessarily constant over the entire range. Therefore, the operator has to measure the groove shape in advance.
Therefore, according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-106683, when performing automatic arc welding along the groove line of the welding base material, both the width and depth of the groove are detected prior to the welding position. Calculating the above-mentioned detection amount while correcting the delay between the detection point and the welding position to obtain a change in the groove cross-sectional area, and appropriately adjusting at least one of the welding speed and the wire supply speed, and further, the oscillation amplitude based on this. In an automatic welding control method for controlling, and in an automatic arc welding apparatus that travels along a groove line of a welding base material, two detection rollers fitted into the groove line prior to a welding torch, and the detection of the detection rollers A detecting device provided to each of the rollers to detect a groove depth and a groove width, and calculating a detection amount detected by this detecting device to calculate at least one of an appropriate welding speed and a wire supply speed, and furthermore, an oscillating device. Automatic welding control apparatus is disclosed which is characterized by comprising these determined width from a computing device that outputs to the drive circuit.

Further, regardless of the cross-sectional shape, the center line is meandering or curved, and the centroid of the groove cross-section gradually deviates from the tip of the torch, and the welding state changes during automatic welding. Things also happen. Therefore, Tokiko Sho 57-433
No. 54 discloses a copying method of an automatic welding machine that detects the right and left bends and widths of a groove line by using a copying mechanism including two guide wheels, and causes a welding nozzle to accurately follow a welding line. ing.

[0008]

In such a welding operation in which the welding conditions are partially changed, the entire length may be completely penetration welded, or the joint portion may be preliminarily welded at the bottom of the groove. Since then, welding through the entire length with a partial penetration specification has no technical problems, but it is too uneconomical, and it has been urgently necessary to correct it at the manufacturing site. Further, according to the automatic welding control method and apparatus disclosed in JP-A-55-106683, only the width and depth of a groove in a groove having a symmetrical cross section can be detected. However, according to the method of copying an automatic welding machine disclosed in JP-B-57-43354, two detection wheels are attached to one side of the groove surface. Since only the contact is made, the bend and the change in the width of the groove line are detected but not detected when the depth changes, so that there is a disadvantage that the change in the groove cross-sectional area cannot be followed.

In order to obtain a sound weld, the groove must be filled with the weld metal and the surface must have an appropriate height. If the cross-sectional area of the groove is smaller than the predetermined value, the excess build-up will be excessive, so this part must be cut.On the contrary, if the cross-sectional area of the groove is larger than the predetermined value, the weld metal Is not filled, and an undercut state in which a groove cross section is left is left. In some cases, it is necessary to separately perform overlay welding on the insufficiency, which is not preferable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a groove shape detecting device which detects both a groove cross-sectional area and a bend at the same time and allows a welding machine or welding conditions to follow them. I do.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a groove shape detecting device which travels on a groove line prior to a welding torch in submerged arc welding of a thick steel plate. A fixed support roller leg that reaches the surface of the steel plate, a vertically movable support roller leg pressed against the surface of the remaining steel plate forming the groove, and a cross section perpendicular to the groove line pressed inside the groove With different tire parts
Two depth-measuring roller legs movable vertically and horizontally having a depth-measuring roller at the tip thereof, and the vertical position of the movable supporting roller leg and the two depth-measuring roller legs with respect to the fixed supporting roller leg, respectively. It is characterized by comprising a detecting means for detecting, and a detecting means for detecting a horizontal displacement in a direction perpendicular to a groove line of two sounding roller legs provided with the sounding roller at the tip.

[0012]

The principle of groove shape detection according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is an overall view of a welding facility including a groove shape detecting device of the present invention. The groove shape detecting device 1 includes a welding device 3 that travels on a traveling rail 5 installed in parallel with the steel material 2 to be welded and at substantially the same height,
It is connected to the control device 4 at a certain distance, and travels on the groove line of the steel material 2 to be welded prior to the welding machine. When measuring the groove depth or the like, the surface of one of the steel plates forming the groove is used as a reference for height measurement.

FIG. 3 schematically shows the concept of the groove shape detecting device 1. The groove line formed by the steel materials 2, 2 'is drawn downward from the main body 10 of the groove shape detecting device 1. Two support roller legs 11, 12 are provided on both sides of the support roller legs. One supporting roller leg 11 is fixed to the main body 10 to support the apparatus main body, and the other supporting roller leg 12 is vertically movable with respect to the apparatus main body, and its vertical position can be measured.
Reference lower amount of protrusion from the main body of the two supporting rollers legs 11 and 12 (hereinafter, referred to as height) if the a h _1, h _2, respectively, the height h ₁ of the fixed-side support roller leg 11 is a constant value , and the difference in height h ₂ and h ₁ of the movable support roller leg 12 represents a tongue and groove amount relative to the steel plate surface of the fixed side, the average value of h ₁ and h ₂ is a 3 2 The average height of the steel plate surface on both sides of the groove shown by the dotted chain line is shown.

Further, downward from the main body 10 of the groove shape detecting device 1, there is provided a tire portion whose cross section perpendicular to the groove line has two circular shapes with radii R ₃ and R ₄ (R ₃ > R ₄ ). Surveying roller legs 13 and 14 each having a surveying roller at the tip thereof are mounted in a vertically movable state, and each surveying roller is pressed against the inner surface of the groove. The height of the center of curvature of the sounding roller is h ₃ and h ₄ respectively.
If the depth from the average height surface of the steel sheet surface of the center position of the larger radius sounding roller d _1, from the center of the depth to the bottom of the groove d _2, of the same steel sheet surface is the sum The groove depth D from the average height plane is

[0015]

(Equation 1)

And h ₁ , h ₂ , irrespective of the groove angle 2α
It can be obtained from h ₃ and h ₄ and R ₃ and R ₄ . Of these, h ₁ , R ₃ , R ₄ are values known by the device, h ₂ , h ₃ ,
h ₄ is a value obtained by measurement. On the other hand, the groove shape detecting device 1 can detect the displacement x in the groove width direction between the two sounding rollers . Assuming that the inclination angle of the line connecting the centers of these two sounding rollers is θ,

[0017]

(Equation 2)

Since α and θ are obtained by the above, the width w of the groove is divided into w ₁ and w ₂ by a perpendicular drawn down from the top of the bottom to the surface of the steel plate as shown in FIG.

[0019]

(Equation 3)

And can be calculated from D, α, and θ,

[0021]

(Equation 4)

The groove cross-sectional area S can be obtained from the measurement results of x, h ₂ , h ₃ , and h ₄ . Since the total welding area obtained by adding an appropriate margin to this cross-sectional area is determined, welding is performed by instructing the traveling speed of the welding device and the welding wire supply speed in accordance with the total welding area. Further, the value of x can be used as it is as an indication value of the displacement amount of the welding torch.

[0023]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A groove shape detecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a front view of the groove shape detecting device 1, 10 is a casing (main body), 27
Is a support arm, 11 and 12 are support roller legs, 11 is a fixed support,
12 is a movable support, 13 and 14 are sounding roller legs, and sounding roller legs
At the tip of 13, the tire section whose cross section perpendicular to the groove line has a large diameter
And a tip of the depth-measuring roller leg 14 .
, The cross-section perpendicular to the groove line has a tire portion of the small-diameter
Sounding rollers that have provided.

The casing 10 comprises a lower casing 10a to which a supporting roller leg and a depth measuring roller leg are attached, and an upper casing 10b fitted to the lower casing 10a and connected to a welding device or a control device via a supporting arm 27. . The depth measuring rollers of the depth measuring roller legs 13 and 14 have tires whose cross sections perpendicular to the groove line have different diameters in principle as described earlier with reference to FIGS.
Although this is a sounding roller having a portion , in this embodiment, as will be described later with reference to FIG. 10, a disc-shaped roller having a tire portion whose cross section perpendicular to the groove line is a semicircle for structural reasons of providing a bearing. You are using That is, as long as the profile of the tip portion viewed from the groove line direction is circular, any measurement may be used.

[0025] Figure 6 is a side view seen from the left in FIG. 5, the support rollers legs 11 and 12 are arranged separately on both sides of the groove, while riding a respective surface of the steel sheet, sounding B
The depth measuring rollers provided at the tips of the roller legs 13 and 14 are pressed against the inner surface of the groove. The traveling rail, such as a welding device or a control device, and the traveling steel material 2 of the groove shape detecting device 1 are not always at the same height, so that the upper casing 10b is provided with a support arm in order to cope with variations in height. 27, and the lower casing 10a is
The structure is suspended by a rod 10c with a spring so that it can move up and down independently. Further, since the distance from the traveling rail is not constant, the connecting portion 27d between the support arm 27 and the upper casing 10b can be adjusted in a direction perpendicular to the groove line.

The support arm 27 supporting the casing and connected to the welding equipment is divided into a detecting device side portion 27a and a welding equipment side portion 27b, and is connected by a hinge portion 27c.
When the detection device is not used, it can be removed, or can be temporarily retracted upward as indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. Since the groove shape detection device 1 needs to travel on the groove line before the welding torch, the support arm 27 must be provided in front of the welding device 3. If the groove shape detecting device 1 is too close to the welding torch, the supply of the flux is hindered, and it is inconvenient when the weld metal flows forward. Also, a calculation time from the measurement to the welding is required.
It goes without saying that information on the detected position is also recorded when the groove shape is detected so that the welding conditions are adapted when the welding torch reaches the measurement position.

As described in the section of "operation", in the present invention, the supporting roller leg 12 and the depth measuring roller legs 13 and 14 can move up and down with respect to the lower casing 10a. The height in each vertical direction can be measured based on. FIG. 7 is a partial side view illustrating a measuring mechanism using the supporting roller leg 12 as an example. A roller 12a is attached to the lower end of the vertically moving rod 12c by being inserted into the retainer 12b, and can support a light load while rolling in an arbitrary direction on a plane orthogonal to the axis of the rod. Rod 12
c is constantly pressed downward by a spring 12d. A connecting plate 12e is attached to the upper end of the rod 12c,
It is connected to a position detector 22 which is installed adjacent and parallel. As the position detector 22, an electric displacement measuring device such as a differential transformer, a linear potentiometer, and a resistance position detector is suitable.

On the other hand, in the present invention, the sounding roller legs 13,
In the state where the sounding roller provided at the tip of 14 is pressed against the inner wall of the groove, the shift amount in the direction perpendicular to the groove line at the center of the two sounding rollers , that is, x described in the section of “action” is measured. it can. Therefore, this horizontal shift amount,
The target position of the torch tip with respect to the groove can be accurately determined based on both information of the groove depth, and a sound weld can be realized.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the lower casing 10a as viewed from the upper surface thereof.
14 shows only the upper end of the vertical rod, and indicates the center position of each. The same applies to the position detector 22 corresponding to the support roller leg 12, and the position detectors 23 and 24 corresponding to the depth measurement roller legs 13 and 14. Roller feet 13, 14
Are mounted on the block 31, and the guide shafts 32a, 32b on both sides
, The entire block 31 can move left and right while keeping parallel to the groove line. The amount of movement is
The steel plate 33 attached to the end of the 31 is a position detector 25, 26
Can be detected by entering and exiting. FIG. 9 is a partial side view of the vicinity of the steel plate 33 and the position detector 25.

The shape and size of the attached sounding roller at the tip of the sounding roller legs 13 and 14, depending on the groove to be measured, suitable dimensions, may be used interchangeably with a shape, importantly open It is the radius of the tire portion having a cross section perpendicular to the front line . For example, in the case of a V-shaped groove having a width of 37 mm and a depth of 59 mm, it is preferable to use a larger radius of 10 mm and a smaller radius of 8 mm. FIG. 10 shows a structural example of the sounding roller leg 13. 13a is sounding roller tire <br/> unit content of a section perpendicular to the groove line is semi-circular with a radius of 6.5 mm, the disc of the boss portion in a radius 14 mm, leg 13d to the center axis 13b and the bearing 13c
Attached to. The vertical position measuring section for measuring the center height h ₃ of the tire portion. The width of the groove in this example is
It is 18mm and 21mm deep.

FIG. 11 shows the configuration of this embodiment. 1 is a groove shape detecting device, 3 is a welding device, 4 is a control device, 41 is an operation portion, and 42 is a display portion. That is, the groove shape is detected by the operation portion 41, and as described in the section of “action”, the groove cross-sectional area S is determined in the control device 4 from the measurement results of x, h ₂ , h ₃ , and h _4. The welding condition is determined by the calculation, and the welding condition is instructed to the welding device 3. The measured values can be viewed on the display and recorded by a printer.

[0032]

According to the present invention, the shape of a groove having an arbitrary asymmetrical cross section, that is, the cross-sectional area and the amount of horizontal displacement and bending are measured, and the welding apparatus is made to follow the measured shape. It has an excellent effect that it can be performed. When the groove cross section measured according to the present invention was actually measured, the groove depth was 3%, the groove width was 4%, and the groove cross section was 2%.
%, And the actual amount of deposited metal was within 5%, which is a good result. The burden on the operator was reduced and the quality was stable.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing the overall configuration of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a square steel tubular column according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the measurement principle of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing the measurement principle of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a partial side view of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partial plan view in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a partial side view of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a partial side view in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram in an example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Groove shape detection device 2 Steel material 3 Welding device 4 Control device 5 Travel rail 10 Casing (body) 11, 12 Support roller leg 13, 14 Sounding roller leg 22-26 Position detector 27, 28 Support arm

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-55-106683 (JP, A) JP-A-51-112746 (JP, A) JP-A-46-50241 (JP, A) JP-A-2- 59178 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model Showa 59-102266 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Showa 45-25244 (JP, Y1) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B23K 9/095, 9 / 12,31 / 00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An apparatus for detecting the shape of a groove which travels on a groove line prior to a welding torch in submerged arc welding of a thick steel plate, wherein the fixed support roller reaches a surface of one of the steel plates constituting the groove. A leg, a vertically movable support roller leg pressed against the surface of the remaining steel plate forming the groove, and a tire portion having a cross section perpendicular to a groove line pressed into the groove, having different diameters. Two depth-measuring roller legs movable vertically and horizontally having a sound- measuring roller at the tip thereof, and the vertical position of the movable supporting roller leg and the two sound-measuring roller legs with respect to the fixed support roller leg, respectively. a detecting means for detecting that, Sabumajia of steel plate, characterized in that it comprises detecting means for detecting the open top line perpendicular direction of the horizontal displacement of the two sounding roller leg comprising said sounding roller tip Groove shape detection apparatus in click welding.