JP2872847B2 - Machine Tools - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine tool, and more particularly to an improvement in machining efficiency and diversification of machining modes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are various types of machine tools such as a lathe, a drilling machine, a boring machine, and a grinding machine. In these machine tools, a workpiece to be processed or a workpiece to be processed, such as a processing tool, is held by a chuck of a spindle, and the workpiece is rotated around a rotation axis of the spindle to perform the processing. The object to be held has been received by an operator or a transport device held by a spindle chuck.

[0003]

However, conventionally, there have been problems that the processing efficiency is poor and the processing mode is limited. For example, if the main spindle is the main spindle of a lathe that rotates while holding the work, after finishing the work, remove the work from the spindle chuck and clean the reference surface to remove the processing debris. When performing, the work is troublesome because the work is hot immediately after machining without the cutting fluid, and when the cutting fluid is used, the work is not hot,
A large amount of cutting fluid is attached, and handling is also troublesome. Also, when the transfer device performs the delivery of the work,
Although the work can be received immediately after processing, it is necessary to wait for the supply of the next work until the cleaning is completed, so that time is wasted. Further, when using the transport device, the holding posture of the object to be held is determined to be one type, and if the object to be held is a work, processing can be performed only at one location of the work. In addition, the configuration of the held object supply device and the transfer device is limited to a structure in which the held object is held in a predetermined posture by the chuck of the spindle, the degree of freedom in designing the device is low, and the configuration of the processing system including the machine tool is reduced. There is also a problem that the degree of freedom is reduced. The invention of claim 1, processing efficiency is high, Ki out to perform the machining in various embodiments, and conveyance of the retentate is self
An object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool that is dynamically performed . The invention of claim 2 has been made in addition to the object of the invention of claim 1, with the object of configuring the holding device as inexpensively as possible . The invention of claim 3 has been made to provide a machine tool capable of maintaining a good working environment and having high working efficiency, in addition to the problems of the invention of claim 1 or 2. is there.

[0004]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a machine tool comprising: (a) a base; and (b) a spindle chuck provided on the base. A headstock rotatably supporting a spindle having the headstock;
Has a temporary holding chuck that faces the spindle chuck concentrically provided movably only in a direction parallel to the main axis of the rotation axis on the base, performs transferring of the retentate with the spindle chuck, the holding Temporary without rotating objects
A holding device for holding, when conveyed (d) is the retentate DOO
With either the spindle chuck or the temporary holding chuck
And a transfer device capable of transferring the held object . The machine tool according to the invention of claim 2 further includes: (e) parallel to the axis of the spindle.
Z-axis slide movable in the Z-axis direction, and (f) the Z-axis slide
Can be moved on the axis slide in the X-axis direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft
X-axis slide and (g) attached to the X-axis slide
And the holding device is a Z-axis slide.
The main axis is attached to the
The gist of the invention is that it can be moved toward and away from the shaft chuck . The machine tool according to claim 3 further includes:
Housing separated into processing chamber and transfer chamber by partition wall
The headstock and the holding device are arranged in a processing chamber.
The transfer device is disposed in each transfer chamber,
Before forming a transfer chamber between the housing and the partition wall of the housing
The gist is that a door that can be opened and closed is provided on each of the wall and the partition wall .

[0005]

[Action] In the machine tool according to the invention of claim 1, the
The held object is held and transferred by the transfer device, and the spindle chuck is held.
The transfer of the held object to the
It is done automatically. When the transport device supplies the held object to headstock, it is held directly spindle chuck
This is also, after held at one Danichi temporary holding chuck, can also be held on the spindle chuck, and when receiving the object to be retentate from headstock, which receives directly from the spindle chuck
Both, after held at one Danichi temporary holding chuck, can also receive from the temporary holding chuck, select those operating
The combination of the order and the order can improve the processing efficiency and diversify the processing mode. In the machine tool according to the second aspect of the present invention, the holding device moves the tool post.
Moves the Z-axis slide toward and away from the spindle chuck.
Between In the machine tool according to the third aspect of the present invention, processing of a workpiece, delivery of an object to be held between a spindle chuck and a temporary holding chuck, and a reference surface of the spindle chuck.
When work is performed by equipment provided in the processing chamber , such as for cleaning the door, the door of the partition wall is closed, and the transfer device and the spindle
Of the held object between the chuck and the temporary holding chuck
Partitioning when work from outside the processing room is performed, such as delivery
The door of the wall is opened. In addition, cleaning, inspection, etc.
When workers work on equipment in the transfer room
Means that the front wall door is opened and the headstock, holding device, etc.
Workers work on equipment in the processing room such as inspection
Open both doors of the front and partition walls.
You.

[0006]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the transfer of the held object is performed.
In addition to being able to automate the sending and receiving, etc., it is possible to improve the processing efficiency, diversify the processing modes, and improve the degree of freedom in designing the apparatus. For example, when holding the workpiece on the spindle chuck, when cleaning the reference surface of the spindle chuck after processing is completed, by holding the processed work on the temporary holding chuck, cleaning can be performed immediately, In the meantime, the transport device can perform another operation such as receiving a work to be processed next, and the work efficiency is improved. Further, when supplying the object to be held, the holding posture of the object to be held by the spindle chuck can be reversed depending on which of the spindle chuck and the temporary holding chuck the object to be held is passed first. Therefore, if the object to be held is a work, one headstock can process two different parts of the work. In addition, the spindle chuck
Since the holding posture of the held object is not limited to one type, the held object supply device does not need to be configured to supply the held object to the spindle chuck in a predetermined posture.
In addition, the configuration of the transfer device for the held object is not limited in the same manner, and the effect of increasing the degree of freedom in designing each device and the degree of freedom in the configuration of the processing system including the machine tool is obtained. Moreover, the holding device moves only in a direction parallel to the rotation axis of the main shaft , and rotates the held object.
It is just a temporary hold without
Therefore , the configuration is simple and the configuration can be made at low cost.
According to the invention of claim 2, Z for moving the tool rest is provided.
Move the shaft slide close to and away from the spindle chuck with the holding device.
It can be used as a moving device for
This can be simplified and cost can be reduced. According to the invention of claim 3, during processing, cleaning or the like of the reference surface of the spindle chuck wall and the partition before during operation of the device provided in the working chamber
Both doors to the wall are closed, reducing noise .
Re Rutotomoni, swarf and coolant flying outside the housing
Not only does the work environment worsen due to
Contamination of the transporting device is also prevented. Further, removal of the work for cleaning the spindle chuck <br/> Me which can be made to take place by a holding device in the housing, it is not necessary to open the door of the partition wall, as in the prior art, the door
To remove the work from the transfer device, close the door and clean
Performs a sweep, only it requires less number of times of opening and closing of the door in comparison with the case that makes mounting the work again open the door, even from this point
The effect of improving work efficiency is obtained.

[0007]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention; As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the lathe is provided in a housing 10. The housing 10 has a box shape, and the inside thereof is divided into two by a partition wall 14 erected on an edge of a base 12 as shown in FIG. The other is a transfer chamber 20 in which the work is transferred by the work transfer robot 18.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a door 24 and an operation panel 26 are attached to a front wall 22 which constitutes the transfer chamber 20 together with the partition wall 14 of the housing 10.
Each of the pair of side walls 30 (only one is shown in the drawing) constituting the transfer chamber 20 receives a work W from a work supply device 36 provided adjacent to the housing 10 and Work entrance (not shown) to carry in the work W, work exit 3 to carry out the processed work W
8 are provided. The work W has a stepped cylindrical shape,
In the work supply device 36, a plurality of the work supply devices 36 are stacked with their small diameter portions facing upward. In addition, partition wall 1
4 is also provided with a door 40 as shown in FIG.
6.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a column 50 is vertically provided at the center in the width direction (left-right direction in FIG. 2) of the base 12 provided in the processing chamber 16. The column 50 has a length from the work supply device 36 side of the base 12 to the discharge side, and a headstock 52 is fixed to a lower side of the side surface on the transfer chamber 20 side. A spindle 56 having a spindle chuck 54 at the tip is rotatably supported by the headstock 52 so as to be rotatable around its axis. Spindle chuck 5
Reference numeral 4 denotes a three-jaw chuck that grips and releases the work W by opening and closing three jaws. A pulley 60 is attached to the rear end of the main shaft 56 so as to be relatively non-rotatable, and is connected to a pulley 64 fixed to an output shaft of a main shaft driving motor 62 by a belt 66. Rotated by

A Z-axis slide 70 is provided above the side surface of the column 50 to which the headstock 52 is fixed so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction parallel to the rotation axis of the main shaft 56. The Z-axis slide 70 is fixed to the column 50 and is slidably fitted to a pair of guide rails 72 and 74 extending in the Z-axis direction, and is screwed to a screw shaft 76 attached to the column 50 with a nut 78. Have been. The Z-axis slide 70 is moved by rotating the screw shaft 76 by the pulley 80, the belt 82, the pulley 84, and the Z-axis slide drive motor 86.

On the Z-axis slide 70, there is an X-axis slide 9
0 is attached movably in the X-axis direction (vertical direction). The X-axis slide 90 is slidably fitted to a pair of guide rails 92 and 94 provided on the Z-axis slide 70, and is screwed to a screw shaft (not shown) supported by the Z-axis slide 70. The X-axis slide 90 is moved up and down by rotating the screw shaft by the X-axis slide drive motor 104 via the pulley 96, the belt 100 and the pulley 102 (see FIG. 2).

A turret tool post 110 is attached to the X-axis slide 90 on a surface facing the headstock 52. As shown in FIG. 2, the turret tool rest 110 is parallel to the rotation axis of the main shaft 56 on the X-axis slide 90,
It is mounted so as to be rotatable around a rotation axis located in the same vertical plane. The turret tool rest 110 is provided with four cutting tools 112 and 114 at equal angular intervals, and a total of eight cutting tools 112 and 114 are sequentially positioned at the use position (the position directly below). The workpiece W is processed by being moved in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction by the movement of the axis slide 70 and the X-axis slide 90.

[0013] Also, on the lower surface of the Z-axis slide 70, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, the temporary holding chuck 122 is fixed by the bracket 120. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the bracket 120 extends from the lower surface of the Z-axis slide 70 at right angles to the side surface of the column 50, and a temporary holding chuck 122 faces a protruding end thereof concentrically with the spindle chuck 54. It is attached. Temporary holding chuck 12
Reference numeral 2 denotes a three-jaw chuck similar to the spindle chuck 54. The three jaws 124 are opened and closed to grip the workpiece W.
release. The Z-axis slide 70 is movably attached to the column 50 and is a slide that moves only in the Z-axis direction. The temporary holding chuck 122 is moved along the rotation axis of the main shaft 56 by the movement of the Z-axis slide 70, The workpiece W is transferred while approaching and separating from the chuck 54. The Z-axis slide 70, the bracket 120, and the temporary holding chuck 122 constitute a holding device 128.

As shown in FIG. 1, the column 50 is further provided with a blowing device 130 for blowing off the processing powder attached to the reference surface for positioning the workpiece W of the spindle chuck 54 by air. The blow-off device 130 is opposed to the spindle chuck 54 by a moving device (not shown), and has an operation position for blowing off the processing powder, and the spindle chuck 54.
The workpiece W is retracted from a position facing the workpiece W and is moved to a retracted position that does not hinder processing of the work W.

In addition, a work chip unloading device 140 is provided below the headstock 52 of the base 12. The base 12 is provided with a processing waste collecting hole 142 having a wall surface inclined in a direction away from the main spindle chuck 54 from a position directly below the main spindle chuck 54, and the collecting hole 142 has, as shown in FIG. One end of the belt conveyor 144 of the processing waste discharging device 140 is provided, and the processing waste is placed thereon. The other end of the belt conveyor 144 is pulled out obliquely upward from the rear end of the base 12,
The upper end thereof is driven by a conveyor drive motor 146, and a waste box 148 is provided on the lower side to accommodate the processing waste transported by the belt conveyor 144.

The door 40 of the partition wall 14 that partitions the housing 10 is provided at a position corresponding to the spindle chuck 54 and the temporary holding chuck 122.

A work transfer robot 18 provided in the transfer chamber 20 is slidably fitted on a guide rail 150 mounted on the front surface of the base 12 in the Z-axis direction, and is moved by a moving device (not shown) in the Z-axis direction. It is moved to. The work transfer robot 18 includes a rotating plate 152 that can rotate around a vertical axis, a rotating arm 154 that can rotate around a horizontal axis, and first and second arms provided at the distal ends of the rotating arm 154. Transport chucks 156 and 158. The transport chucks 156 and 158 are three-jaw chucks, which are provided back to back on the wrist 160 at the tip of the rotating arm 154, and the rotation of the rotating arm 154 causes the spindle chuck 54 and the temporary holding chuck 122 to rotate. The work W is transferred between the main shaft chuck 54 and the temporary holding chuck 122 by being rotated 180 degrees around the rotation arm axis of the wrist 160. The work transfer robot 18 constitutes a transfer device. The wrist 160 can be rotated intermittently by 90 degrees in both the forward and reverse directions.

Next, the operation will be described. When the work transfer robot 18 supplies the work W to the headstock 52, the location where the work W is processed changes depending on whether the work W is transferred to the spindle chuck 54 or the temporary holding chuck 122.
A case in which delivery is performed in the order shown in FIG. 7 and processing is performed on the small diameter portion of the work W will be described. In FIG. 7, the work W is illustrated in a T shape, and the horizontal bar of the T shape indicates a large diameter portion, and the vertical bar indicates a small diameter portion. Work W
The transfer of the work transfer robot 18 in the Z-axis direction, the rotation of the rotary board 152, the rotary arm 154 and the wrist 160 of the work transfer robot 18, the opening and closing of each chuck, and the like are performed in a predetermined order. Although these operations are performed, these operations are already known, and a detailed description will be omitted.

At the start of processing, the workpiece transfer robot 18
Goes to the work supply device 36 to pick up the work W, grips the work W with the first transfer chuck 156, and
Move to 2. At this time, the rotating arm 1
54 projects out of the housing 10 to grip the workpiece W,
After the work transfer robot 18 moves to the vicinity of the headstock 52, the door 40 is opened, the turning arm 154 is turned and enters the processing chamber 16, and the axis of the first transfer chuck 156 is Stop at a position that coincides with the axis. Then, after the workpiece W is transferred from the first transport chuck 156 to the spindle chuck 54, the rotating arm 154 is withdrawn from the processing chamber 16, the door 40 is closed, and the processing is started.

The work transfer robot 18 is a new work W
To the work supply device 36, and after the processing in the headstock 52 is completed, the work W is replaced with a processed work W. In the headstock 52, after the processing is completed, the work W is transferred from the spindle chuck 54 to the temporary holding chuck 122, and the reference surface of the spindle chuck 54 is cleaned by the blow-off device 130. After the cleaning is completed, the door 40 is opened and the rotating arm 1 is opened.
54 is rotated into the processing chamber 16 and the transfer chuck 15
When the workpieces 6, 158 are aligned with the axes of the spindle chuck 54 and the temporary holding chuck 122, respectively, a new workpiece W is transferred to the spindle chuck 54 and the processed workpiece W is transferred from the temporary holding chuck 122 to the second workpiece W. It is transferred to the transport chuck 158. The transfer of the work W between the second transfer chuck 158 and the temporary holding chuck 122 is performed by the work transfer robot 18 and the temporary holding chuck 122.
Is moved in the Z-axis direction. After the completion of the delivery, the rotating arm 154 is withdrawn from the processing chamber 16 and the door 40 is closed, the processing is started on the headstock 52, and the work transfer robot 18 is moved to the work outlet 38 to move the rotating arm. 154 projects outward from the work outlet 38 to release the work W. After the release, the work transfer robot 18 goes to the work supply device 36 to pick up the work W, moves to the headstock 52, and transfers the work W as described above.

As described above, in the headstock 52, after the processing of the work W is completed, the reference surface of the spindle chuck 54 is cleaned by the blowing device 130. At this time, the processed work W is temporarily retained by the chuck 122. Therefore, the processing efficiency can be improved as compared with the case where the work transfer robot 18 receives the work W for cleaning. If the temporary holding chuck 122 is not provided, after the processing is completed, the door 40 is opened, the work transfer robot 18 receives the work W, and after leaving the processing chamber 16, the door 40 is closed, and then the cleaning is performed. After the end, door 40 again
Is opened, the work transfer robot 18 enters the processing chamber 16, and transfers a new work W to the spindle chuck 54. The door 40 is opened and closed twice, and the work transfer robot 18 waits for completion of cleaning. It is necessary to be. In contrast, if the temporary holding chuck 122 is provided,
By temporarily holding the processed work W, the spindle chuck 54 can be cleaned, and the work transfer robot 18 is moved to the headstock 52 so as to transfer the work W at the end of the cleaning. All right, door 40
The opening and closing of the work W need only be performed once for the transfer of the work W after the cleaning is completed, and the transfer of the processed work W and the unprocessed work W by the work transfer robot 18 can be performed at one time. Further, the work transfer robot 18 does not need to wait for the completion of cleaning, and during that time, can perform other operations such as receiving a new work W and discharging the processed work W, so that the processing can be performed efficiently. You can.

The door 40 is closed during the processing of the workpiece W and the cleaning of the reference surface of the spindle 56, and the processing and cleaning are performed in the processing chamber 16, so that coolant, processing debris and the like are removed. It is possible to obtain the effect of preventing the worker from being scattered or contaminating the air in the factory, and reducing the noise and improving the working environment. Even if the door 40 is open, if the door 24 of the transfer chamber 20 is closed, the coolant and the processing debris do not scatter, but in that case, the coolant and the processing debris accumulate in the transfer chamber 20. However, it is not preferable because the movement of the work transfer robot 18 is hindered. As described above, it is desirable that the processing and cleaning be performed with the door 40 closed, and the effect of improving the working environment without lowering the processing efficiency can be obtained by providing the holding device 128 and temporarily holding the work W. This is because it is made to hold.

If both the door 24 and the door 40 are closed, the headstock 52 and the like are doubly covered, so that noise and the like can be reduced extremely well, and the door 40 can be closed. For example, the work can be performed in the transfer chamber 20 during processing or cleaning.

Further, in the present lathe, since the column 50 is set up vertically on the base 10, even if the processing chips are scattered, they do not collect on the running surface of the Z-axis slide 70 or the X-axis slide 90. , Their running is not hindered.

Furthermore, since the turret tool rest 110 is attached to the X-axis slide 90 provided on the front surface of the column 50 vertically erected on the base 10, it is close to the door 40 and the operator can use tools Can be easily exchanged.

In this lathe, as shown in FIG. 8, if the work W received from the work supply device 36 is transferred to the temporary holding chuck 122 and is transferred from the temporary holding chuck 122 to the spindle chuck 54, The large diameter portion of W can be processed. In this case, after processing, the door 40 is opened before cleaning the reference surface of the spindle chuck 54, the processed work W is transferred from the spindle chuck 54 to the work transfer robot 18, and a new work W is temporarily transferred from the work transfer robot 18. After passing to the holding chuck 122,
After the door 40 is closed and the reference surface is cleaned, the work W is transferred from the temporary holding chuck 122 to the spindle chuck 54, and processing is performed, so that the opening and closing of the door 40 only needs to be performed once.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the work W whose small-diameter portion has been processed by being transferred directly from the work transfer robot 18 to the main spindle chuck 54 is once transferred from the temporary holding chuck 122 to the work transfer robot 18. Thereafter, if the workpiece W is again held by the spindle chuck 54, the holding posture of the work W is reversed, and the large diameter portion can be processed. In this case,
After the processing is completed, the work W is held by the temporary holding chuck 122, and after the cleaning is completed, the work W is transferred to the work transfer robot 122 and carried out.

In the above embodiment, the headstock is one.
Although a machine tool provided with a stand has been described as an example, the present invention can also be applied to a machine tool provided with a plurality of headstocks. In that case, the headstocks may be arranged in parallel with each other or in series. Further, only one transfer device may be provided for a plurality of headstocks, a plurality of transfer devices may be provided less than the number of headstocks, or provided for each of the headstocks.

In addition, without departing from the scope of the claims, the present invention can be implemented in various modified and improved forms based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention without a housing.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the lathe.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a holding device provided on the lathe.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the holding device.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an appearance of the lathe.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing the appearance of the lathe.

FIG. 7 is a view for explaining delivery of a work between a spindle chuck and a temporary holding chuck provided on the lathe and a work transfer robot.

FIG. 8 is a view for explaining another aspect of the transfer of the work between the spindle chuck and the temporary holding chuck provided on the lathe and the work transfer robot.

FIG. 9 is a view for explaining still another mode of transfer of a work between the spindle chuck and the temporary holding chuck provided on the lathe and the work transfer robot.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 housing 12 base 14 partition wall 16 processing chamber 18 work transfer robot 20 transfer chamber 40 door 52 headstock 54 spindle chuck 56 spindle 70 Z-axis slide 120 bracket 122 temporary holding chuck 128 holding device

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Moto Ogawa 19, Chauyama, Yamamachi, Chiryu-shi, Aichi Prefecture Inside Fuji Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Kazuyoshi Yukimura 19, Chauyama, Yamamachi, Chiryu-shi, Aichi Prefecture Address Fuji Machine Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroya Ishikawa 19, Chamachi, Yamamachi, Chiryu-shi, Aichi Prefecture Fuji Machine Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-64-103202 (JP, A) JP-A-60-150937 (JP, A) JP-A-5-111802 (JP, A) JP-A 62-29203 (JP, U) JP-A 62-22038 (JP, U) JP-A 2-47103 (JP, A) JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B23B 15/00 B23Q 7/04 B23Q 3/155-3/157

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A base, provided on the base, a headstock rotatably supporting a spindle having a spindle chuck at a tip, and a temporary holding chuck concentrically opposed to the spindle chuck. the only direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the spindle movably provided in rows passing of the retentate with the spindle chuck Utotomoni to, this rotating the held object
A holding device for temporarily holding the object, and a device for transporting the object to be held and the spindle chuck and
And any of the temporary holding chucks
A machine tool comprising: a transfer device capable of transferring the held object . 2. Further, A Z-axis slurry movable in a Z-axis direction parallel to the axis of the main shaft.
With the id, X-axis direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft on the Z-axis slide
X-axis slide movable to A tool post attached to the X-axis slide,
The holding device is attached to the Z-axis slide,
Moves the Z-axis slide toward and away from the spindle chuck.
The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the machine tool is interposed.
Machine. 3. The process chamber is further transported by a partition wall.
A housing partitioned into a chamber and the headstock and
The holding device is in the processing chamber, and the transfer device is
Each of which is disposed in the transfer room and in front of the housing.
A front wall forming the transfer chamber between the partition wall,
Doors that can be opened and closed are provided on the partition wall
The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: