JP2859870B2 - Tone control data compression device, tone control data compression method, tone control data decompression device, and tone control data decompression method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tone control data compression device, a tone control data compression method, a tone control data decompression device and a tone control data decompression method, and more particularly to an improvement in compression / decompression of tone control data.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A typical musical tone data is shown in FIG.
As shown in (1), there are a key number, a gate time, a velocity, and a step time. Taking the key number as an example, conventionally, for example, the data length of the key number data is 7 bits, the upper 3 bits are octave data, the 7 octaves are indicated, and the lower 4 bits are sound name data. , And 12 pitch names, so that a maximum of 84 pitches can be represented.

[0003]

However, in an actual performance, a considerably high sound and a considerably low sound are not frequently performed, but are often performed in a range of two to three octaves in the middle range. It was wasteful to always use a key number having a data length of 7 bits.

[0004] Further, in chord (chord) accompaniment, the speed or strength of key depression does not change much compared to melody performance, and it is wasteful to use an 8-bit length for velocity data. Compared with melody performance, chord performance requires less detailed expression of pitch and performance timing, and gate time and step time accuracy may be coarse.

[0005] Furthermore, in rhythm performance, since the percussive sound is used as compared with melody performance, the gate time is uniform, and gate time data is not required. On the other hand,
Requires a higher precision step time and velocity than the melody performance.

As described above, the data format shown in FIG.
It is matched to the melody performance, and other chord accompaniment,
Some parts of the rhythm performance were wasted or inadequate.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and can reduce the data length of each musical tone data, reduce the data amount of the entire musical tone data group, and further improve the melody, chord, and rhythm. It is an object of the present invention to provide a musical tone data processing system capable of performing data processing without waste in data processing of any performance part.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to the present invention, tone control data corresponding to a specific performance type and tone control data corresponding to a performance type other than the specific performance type are provided. Are compressed, decompressed or stored, and the bit numbers of the data before and after the compression are the same, and the bit numbers of the data before and after the compression are different from each other. As a result, each tone control data can be set to an optimal compression storage state according to each performance type, and efficient compression or storage of the tone control data can be realized.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, common portion data common to each tone data and unique portion data other than the common portion are extracted from each tone, and the unique portion data is extracted from the tone. The same number of pieces of data were used, and the number of common part data was smaller than that of musical sound data.
As a result, each tone data can be compressed to specific partial data, and the length of each data can be shortened. Also, since the common part data is smaller than the number of music data,
The data amount of the entire musical tone data group can also be reduced.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in (3), each data in the sound data, which is unique partial data, is compressed, and each data is decompressed based on the mode data shown in FIG. 1 (4), and the original velocity data, key number data , Step time data, and gate time data. This mode data is shown in FIG.
(2) As shown in (3), the sound data is only stored in some places.

The above data decompression is performed in step 4 in FIG.
04, 406, 408, 412, 415 and 420, and thereafter, the data is written to the assignment memory 8 and the sound is generated. The compression storage of the data is performed in steps 508 to 514 in FIG. 14 for key number data, and in step 51 in FIG. 14 for velocity data.
7 to 518, 520 to 525 in FIG. 15, and 5 in FIG.
13 to 514.

1. Overall Circuit FIG. 3 shows the overall circuit of the electronic musical instrument. Each key of the keyboard 1 is scanned by the key scan circuit 2 to detect key-on and key-off. This detection result is written by the CPU 6 into the assignment memory 8 in the musical sound generation circuit 7. The assignment memory 8 may be integrated with the RAM 11.

Each switch of the tablet switch matrix 3 selects a tone color, a rhythm and the like of the keyboard 1, and each switch is scanned by the tablet scan circuit 4. The scan result, that is, data relating to the tone and rhythm selected and designated,
Is sent to the musical tone generation circuit 7.

The keyboard 1 may be replaced by an electronic stringed instrument such as an electronic guitar, an electronic wind (wind) instrument, an electronic percussion instrument, or the like, and may be anything as long as it can give an instruction to generate a musical tone.

The tone generator 7 generates a tone signal in accordance with the various data sent and the data set in the assignment memory 8, and outputs the tone signal through the D / A converter 9.
The sound is sent to the sound system 10 to generate and generate a musical tone. The ROM 12 stores programs for the CPU 6 to perform various processes, performance information, a velocity list described later,
Step list, gate list, chord route list,
A tone color list, and in some cases, musical tone waveform data and envelope waveform data are stored. The RAM 11 stores, in addition to performance information, change data such as various kinds of processing data and the like, whose values change, and also includes a working RAM 11a.

The programmable timer 5 includes a programmable counter or the like, and outputs an interrupt signal INT having a cycle corresponding to the input data to the CPU 6.
The programmable timer 5 counts according to the set tempo, that is, counts for 48 clocks per quarter note time length, and is used for counting step time data, gate time data, and the like described later.

2. Performance information FIG. 4 is stored in the RAM 11 and the ROM 12.
It shows a storage format of performance information. FIG.
(1) is melody performance information, FIG. 4 (2) is chord (chord) performance information, and FIG. 4 (3) is rhythm performance information. Each tone data in the performance information has a 2-byte configuration, and each tone data indicates bar data, mode data, tone color data, tone data, end data, and the like. Of these, the pronunciation data is shown in FIGS.
As shown in the figure, the melody, chord, and rhythm have different configurations.

2-1. Melody pronunciation data The melody pronunciation data shown in FIG. 1A is composed of 3-bit accent data, 5-bit note number data,
It consists of bit step data and 4-bit gate level data.

The accent data is data indicating the speed or strength of key depression. Since this data is 3 bits, it can take only values of “0” to “7”, but the velocity list data “0” in the mode data to be described later.
0 (0), "01 (1),""10(2),""11
(3) ", is expanded and converted into a wider range of values.

This extension is as shown in FIGS. 5A to 5D. Based on these four velocity lists,
The accent data of “0” to “7” is “0” to “6”.
4 "," 0 "to" 88 "," 34 "to" 127 "," 6 "
8 "to" 127 ". In this case, the accent data shown in FIGS. 5A to 5D is “0” to “15”, and the accent data is actually doubled or doubled + 1. The data of the velocity list is stored in the ROM 12 described above.

Velocity list data "00 (0)"
“01 (1)”, “10 (2)”, and “11 (3)” are synonymous with the fluctuation rate data indicating the range of fluctuation of the velocity data, and the accent data “0” to “15” indicate the fluctuation range. This is synonymous with the deviation rate data indicating the position in.

The velocity lists shown in FIGS. 5A to 5D may have other data formats. Further, the velocity list data may be substituted by an arithmetic expression. For example,
In the case of the velocity list of FIG. 5A, 4 × (accent data + 1) (note that when the accent data = 0, the velocity data = 0), and in the case of the velocity list of FIG. Data) +34 (However, when accent data = 15, velocity data = 1
27).

The note number data is data indicating a pitch. Since this data is 5 bits, “0” to
Although it can only take the value of "31", it is possible to take a wider range of values based on the 4-bit note bias data in the moat data described later. The note number data indicates a key number in the range of slightly more than two octaves, and the note bias data is data indicating a value in half-octave units. The note bias data is multiplied by 6 and the note number data is added. The key number data is added and synthesized.

The note bias data is C0 at "0000", C1 at "0010", C2 at "0100" and "0".
"110" indicates C3, "1000" indicates C4, "1010" indicates C5, "1100" indicates C6, and "1110" indicates C7. The note bias data is C
The pitch of C2 is sufficient for the chord accompaniment, the pitch of C3 is sufficient for the chord accompaniment, and in the melody performance, every time the pitch of the melody exceeds the range of slightly more than two octaves that the note number data can take, C3, C4, C5, etc. The note bias data may indicate a value in units of one octave. The note bias data is data having a constant value with respect to the range of variation of the key number data, and the note number data is synonymous with the deviation data obtained by subtracting the bias data from the key number data.

The step level data is data indicating the time length from the beginning of a bar to the sound generation timing. The gate level data is data indicating the musical note length (note length). Since these data are 4 bits,
Although only values of “0” to “15” can be taken, FIG.
(5) Extended based on the step list and the gate list shown in (6) and (7), and converted into original step time data and gate time data.

The step-level data and the gate-level data are fixed, such as the above-described velocity data and key number data, without changing the conversion range based on the data in the mode data. . In this case, the step level list and the gate level list are also stored in the ROM 12. 6 (5) and (6) are stored in the step level list. FIG. 6 (5) is for a melody sound and FIG. 6 (6) is for a chord. A rhythm sound is also stored in the ROM 12, but is not shown.

In the step time data and the gate time data, a list may be selected like velocity, or the data may be separated into bias data and other data.

2-2. Chord sounding data The chord sounding data shown in FIG. 1 (2) is composed of 4-bit code data, 4-bit root data, 4-bit step level data, and gate level data.
Based on the chord data, the note number of each constituent sound is read from the chord root list in the ROM 12, and is expanded according to the root data. This chord route list is widely used in automatic accompaniment devices and the like. The note number of each of the expanded constituent sounds has the same data format as the note number of the melody sounding data described above, and the original key number data is generated based on the note bias data in the mode data as described above. Are added and synthesized. Of course, the original key number data may be directly converted from the code route list.

The step level data and the gate level data are the same as those of the melody sounding data described above. In this chord pronunciation data, velocity data is not stored, and at the time of tone generation, certain velocity data is stored in CP.
It is written to the assignment memory 8 by U6.

2-3. Rhythm sound data The rhythm sound data shown in FIG. 1 (3) is 2-bit accent data, 6-bit percussion number data,
It consists of bit step level data and 3-bit accent data. The accent data is made up of 5 bits including the 2-bit data and the 3-bit data, and converted into finer and more accurate velocity data. The velocity list data of the rhythm sound data is not shown, but is similar to the melody sound data in FIG.
Four velocity lists like (1) to (4) are RO
It is stored in M12, and 5-bit accent data of "0" to "31" is converted.

The percussion number data is data indicating timbres such as drums, hats and cymbals of rhythm performance.
The sounding frequency of the rhythm timbre tone is based only on the note bias data in the mode data. For example, the sum of the note bias data and the key number data of C3 indicates the read frequency.

Since the step level data is 5 bits, finer and more accurate step time data is synthesized and output. Although a step list of the rhythm pronunciation data is not shown, a step list similar to that shown in FIGS. 6 (5) and (6) is stored in the ROM 12 in the same manner as the melody pronunciation data and the chord pronunciation data, and has five bits "0" to "31". Is converted.

In the rhythm sound data, the gate level data is not stored, and at the time of sound generation, constant gate time data is written into the assignment memory 8 by the CPU 6. As described above, the tone data has a 2-byte configuration, and therefore, requires only half of the conventional 4-byte configuration shown in FIG.

2-4. Mode data FIG. 1 (4) shows mode data. This mode data is used when the velocity list data used for converting and synthesizing the accent data changes during the performance, or when the note bias data added and synthesized with the note number data changes during the performance. Is inserted into the This mode data also has a 2-byte structure, and the first byte is “1111 1101”
The second byte is composed of a 2-bit mode code, 2-bit velocity list data, and 4-bit note bias data.

The mode code indicates whether the performance information following the mode data is for a melody performance ("00 (0)").
It indicates whether it is a chord performance (“01 (1)”) or a rhythm performance (“10 (2)”). The velocity list data indicates which list is to be used as shown in FIGS. 5A to 5D when the velocity data is synthesized and output, as described above. Note bias data is a composite output of key number data,
As described above, the data added to the note number data is shown. In the case of a rhythm performance, this note bias data directly indicates the sounding frequency. This mode data will not be inserted into the performance information unless there is a change in the note bias data added and synthesized to the velocity list data or the note number data used for the conversion synthesis of the accent data of the pronunciation data.
Less than the number of pronunciation data. Therefore, it is not necessary to individually store the mode data for each of the sound data, and the data amount of the entire performance information can be reduced.

2-5. Other Performance Information FIG. 2 (5) shows performance end data, which indicates the end of the performance. This end data also has a 2-byte structure, and the first and second bytes are “111”.
1 1111 ".

FIG. 2 (6) shows bar data, which indicates the start point of a bar in the performance. This measure data also has a 2-byte structure, the first byte is an identification code of "1111 1111", and the second byte is reference clock number data.
This reference clock number data indicates the number of reference clocks in one bar. For example, if the quarter note length is 48 clocks and the time is 4/4, 48 × 4 = 192 clocks, 3
In the case of / 4 time, 48 × 3 = 144 clocks.

FIG. 2 (7) shows timbre data, and this data shows the timbre of a musical performance tone. This tone data also has a 2-byte configuration, and the first byte is "111".
1 1110 ", and the second byte is timbre number data indicating a timbre.

3. Example of Music Data FIGS. 7 (1), (2), and (3) show examples of melody performance, chord performance, and rhythm performance stored as performance information. When this is stored in the form of performance information, FIG.
(2) As shown in (3). On the other hand, in the conventional storage method, the results are as shown in FIGS. 17 (1), (2) and (3).

As described above, one sounding data conventionally requires four bytes, but requires only two bytes.
Compared with the conventional storage system of FIG. 7, the storage system of the present invention in FIG. In the present application, mode data of 2 bytes is separately required. However, since the number of pieces of sound data is not required, the data amount of the entire performance information is reduced.

4. Working RAM 11a FIG. 8 shows the working RAM 11a. The working RAM 11a includes an address pointer, a bar counter, a clock counter, a mode register, a clock register, a tone number register, a step time register, a velocity register, and a tone generation register.

As the address pointer, a read address of performance information in the ROM 12 or a write address of performance information in the RAM 11 is set.

The measure counter counts the number of measures in the read performance information or written performance information.

The clock counter is incremented by one every time the interrupt signal INT is output from the programmable timer 5 and counts for one bar. When the count matches a value of a clock register described later, it is cleared.

In the mode register, the mode code, velocity list data, and note bias data in the second byte of the above-described mode data are set. In the clock register, the reference clock number data of one measure in the second byte of the above-described measure data is set.

The tone number register of the second byte of the above tone color data is set in the tone number register.
In the step time register, step time data obtained by converting and synthesizing the step level data of the sound data is set.

In the velocity register, input velocity data to be stored upon writing performance information is set. In the sound register, input sound data to be stored is set when the performance information is written, and read sound data to be reproduced is set when the performance information is read.

5. Assignment Memory 8 FIG. 9 shows the assignment memory 8. The assignment memory 8 is formed in the tone generation circuit 7. Music tone data assigned to each of the plurality of channels is stored. Each channel area stores on / off data, key number data, gate time data, velocity data, and timbre number data.

The on / off data indicates whether the assigned tone is in a key-on state ("1") or a key-off state ("0"). The key number data indicates the key number data of the assigned musical tone.
This data is added and synthesized from the note number data of the sound data and the note bias data of the mode data.

The velocity data indicates the key-on speed or strength of the assigned musical tone. This data is converted and synthesized from the above-mentioned accent data of the sound data and the velocity list data of the mode data.

The timbre number data indicates the timbre of the assigned tone. The timbre number data of the timbre data in the above-mentioned performance information is used as it is.

6. Performance Information Reproduction Processing FIGS. 10 to 12 show flowcharts of the performance information reproduction processing. FIG. 10 shows a reproduction start process.
This process is started by turning on the reproduction start switch in the tablet switch matrix 3 described above.
FIG. 11 shows an interrupt process during playback, and FIG. 12 shows a playback end process, which is started by turning off a playback stop key.

6-1. Playback Start Process The playback start process in FIG. 10 is a scanning process of each switch in the tablet switch matrix 3 and an ON event process of the playback start switch in the switch event process. In this process, when the CPU 6 determines that the reproduction start switch has been turned on (step 100), it clears the bar counter and the clock counter in the working RAM 11a and sets an address pointer (step 101). In this address pointer, the head address data of any one of melody, chord, and rhythm in the performance information in the ROM 12 or the RAM 11 is set.

Next, two bytes of data are read from the start address. As shown in FIGS. 4 (1) to 4 (3), the data of two bytes from the start address is bar data. Therefore, of the read data of two bytes, the reference clock of one bar of the second byte is read out. The numerical data is set in the clock register of the working RAM 11a (step 102).

Then, the next two bytes of data are read. The next two bytes of measure data are shown in FIG.
As shown in (1) to (3), since the data is mode data, the mode code, velocity list data, and note bias data of the second byte of the read 2-byte data are set in the mode register of the working RAM 11a. (Step 103).

Next, if the mode code is "0" or "1", that is, if the read data is melody or chord performance information (step 104), the next two bytes of data are read. As shown in FIGS. 4 (1) and 4 (2), the next two bytes of mode data are timbre data. Therefore, the timbre number data of the second byte of the read two bytes of data is worked. It is set in the tone number register of the RAM 11a (step 105).

The processing in step 105 is not performed for the rhythm performance information because there is no timbre data. Further, the next two bytes of data are read.
Since this data is sound generation data as shown in FIGS. 4 (1) to (3), the sound generation data is set in a sound generation register (step 106). The step level data in the sound data is represented by RO shown in FIG. 6 (5) or (6).
Conversion synthesis is performed based on the step list in M12, and the result is set in the step time register in the working RAM 11a (step 107).

Finally, the programmable timer 5 is enabled, and the interrupt signal is output at every fixed period.
The output is made possible to the PU 6 (step 108), and the process returns. This fixed period is 48 periods per quarter note time length.

6-2. Playback Interrupt Process The playback interrupt process shown in FIG. 11 is executed every time an interrupt signal is input from the programmable timer 5 to the CPU 6.

In this process, the CPU 6 first increments the clock counter of the working RAM 11a by 1 (step 200). If the value of the clock counter has reached the reference clock number data for one measure in the clock register (step 201). Then, the bar counter is incremented by 1 to clear the clock counter (step 202). If the value of the clock counter has not reached the reference clock number data for one measure in the clock register (step 2).
01), when the value of the clock counter has reached the step time data in the step time register (step 203), the tone generation corresponding to the tone generation data related to the step time data is started (step 2).
04). The sound data is stored in the working RAM 11
The address is specified by the address pointer a.
The details of the sound generation processing in step 204 will be described later.

If the value of the clock counter has not reached the step time data in the step time register in step 203, the channel area in the key-on state where the on / off data in the assignment memory 8 is "1". Is decremented by 1 (step 215), and when the gate time data becomes "0" (step 216), the on / off data is set to a key-off state of "0" (step 217), and the program returns. I do. On the other hand, the CPU 6 reads the next two bytes of data (step 205) and determines whether the data is performance end data (step 206), bar data (step 207), timbre data (step 209), or mode data. (Step 211) or pronunciation data (step 2)
13) is determined.

If it is bar data (step 207),
The reference clock number data for one measure in the measure data is reset in the clock register of the working RAM 11a (step 208), and the process returns to step 205.

If it is timbre data (step 209),
The timbre number data in this timbre data is
The tone number register of M11a is reset (step 210). The process returns to step 205.

If it is mode data (step 21)
1) The working code in this mode data, velocity list data, and note bias data
The mode is reset in the mode register of M11a (step 212), and the process returns to step 205. If the data is sound data (step 213), the step level data in the sound data is converted and synthesized based on the step list in the ROM 12, and is reset in the step time register of the working RAM 11a (step 21).
4) Returning to step 203, a process of determining step time data is performed.

As a result, the reading of the data for each two bytes of the performance information in steps 205 to 212 is continued until the reading of the sound data in steps 213 and 214 described above. If it is determined in step 206 that the read data is performance end data, the process proceeds to step 215.
The process proceeds to decrement processing of the gate time data of .about.217.

6-3. Playback End Process The playback end process in FIG. 12 is a scanning process of each switch in the tablet switch matrix 3 and an ON event process of a playback stop switch in the switch event process.

In this process, when the CPU 6 determines that the reproduction stop switch has been turned on (step 300), the CPU 6 sets the programmable timer 5 to the non-enable state, stops outputting the interrupt signal (step 301), and assigns the signal. ON / OFF of all the channel areas in the performance memory 8 where the performance information is written.
The off data is set to the off state of "0" (step 30).
2) Return.

7. FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the detailed contents of the sound generation processing in step 204 described above. In this process, the CPU
6 searches for an empty channel in the assignment memory 8 (step 400). In this empty channel search process, the switch-off channel is searched first, and if there is no switch-off channel, the search is performed in accordance with a predetermined priority order, such as searching for the channel related to the musical tone whose sound has started first.

When an empty channel is searched, the CPU 6
Is the working RA read in step 103 above.
Whether the mode code in the mode register of M11a is “0” (melody) (step 401), “1” (chord) (step 402), or “2” (rhythm) (step 40)
3) is determined.

If the melody is "0", the gate level data is converted based on the gate list in the ROM 12 shown in FIG. 6 (7) to synthesize the original gate time (step 404). The gate level data is included in the sound data read out in step 106, and the contents of the address pointer in the working RAM 11a at this time are the same as those in step 106.
Then, this gate time data is written in the search empty channel area (step 405).

Next, the CPU 6 proceeds to step 103
5 (1) through 5 (b) according to the velocity list data of the mode register of the working RAM 11a read out at step (1).
Based on the velocity list in the ROM 12 shown in (4), the accent data is converted to synthesize the original velocity data (step 406). This accent data is also included in the pronunciation data read in step 106. Then, the velocity data is written to the search empty channel area (step 40).
7).

Further, the CPU 6 determines in step 103
Then, the note bias of the mode register of the working RAM 11a read out at step (6) is multiplied by 6, the note number data is added, and the original key number data is synthesized (step 408). The note number data is also included in the sound data read in step 106. Then, the key number data is written in the search empty channel area (step 409), and the on / off data is turned on at "1" (step 410).

Thereafter, the CPU 6 sets the working RAM 1
The timbre number data in the timbre number register 1a is written in the search empty channel area (step 41).
1), proceed to step 205 described above. In this way, the melody sound is started to be generated based on the melody sounding data.

If it is determined in step 402 that the mode code is a chord "1", the ROM shown in FIG.
12, the gate level data is converted to synthesize the original gate time (step 4).
12). This gate level data is stored in step 10
The content of the address pointer in the working RAM 11a at this time is the same as that in step 106. Then, the gate time data is written into the search empty channel area (step 413).

Next, the CPU 6 converts the chord root data in the sound data read out in step 106 into note number data of each constituent sound based on the chord root list in the ROM 12 (step 414).
Then, the working R read in the above step 103
The note bias data in the mode register of the AM 11a is multiplied by 6, and the note number data of each of the constituent sounds is added to synthesize the original key number data (step 41)
5). Further, the key number data is written in the search empty channel area (step 416), and the on / off data is turned on at "1" (step 41).
7).

Thereafter, the CPU 6 writes velocity data of a predetermined constant value into the above-mentioned search empty channel area (step 418).
The timbre number data in the timbre register of the AM 11a is written in the search empty channel area (step 41).
9), proceed to step 205 described above.

Thus, based on the chord pronunciation data,
Chord sounding starts. Further, the above step 40
In step 3, if the mode code is "2" in the rhythm, the velocity list data (not shown) in the mode register of the working RAM 11a read out in step 103 described above.
, The accent data is converted to synthesize the original velocity data (step 420). This accent data is also included in the pronunciation data read in step 106. Then, the velocity data is written into the search empty channel area (step 4).
21). Next, the CPU 6 writes the percussion number in the sound data read out in step 106 into the address of the tone color number in the search empty channel area (step 422).

Further, the CPU 6 writes gate time data of a predetermined constant value in the search empty channel area (step 423), and uses the note bias data of the mode register of the working RAM 11a read in step 103 as it is. Alternatively, the data obtained by adding the key bias data of C3 to the note bias data is written as the key number data in the search empty channel area (step 424), and the on / off data is turned on at "1" (step 424). 4
25). Thus, rhythm sound generation is started based on the rhythm sound data.

8. Performance Information Recording Process FIGS. 14 and 15 show a flowchart of the performance information recording process. This process is an interrupt process started when the recording start switch in the tablet switch matrix 3 is turned on. This process is forcibly returned when the recording stop switch is turned on.

In this processing, the CPU 6
The mode register and tone generation register of the AM 11a are cleared (step 500), and the mode code and velocity list data in the mode register are set (step 501). The mode code and the velocity list data are input by operating a switch in the tablet switch matrix 3. This switch is a melody,
Chord and rhythm changeover switches, velocity 1, 2,
3 and 4 changeover switches. Of course, it may be input by a mode switch and a value switch, which will be described later.

Next, if there is a data input (step 502), the CPU 6 determines whether the input data is key number data (step 503), velocity list data (step 504), or velocity data (step 5).
05), it is determined whether the data is other data (step 506). This data input is input by a mode switch and a value switch in the tablet switch matrix 3. The mode switch switches input data to measures, modes, timbres, sounds, and end of performance. The sound data also includes key numbers, velocities, step times,
Switch to gate time. The value switch sets a data value to be input, and a knob or an up switch and a down switch are used.

Note that when inputting the key number and velocity data, each switch of the keyboard 1 may be used. In this data input, data is input step by step, but may be input in real time.

In step 503, if the input data is a key number, the key number is set in the tone generation register, and it is determined whether the value obtained by subtracting the note bias data in the mode register from the key number is "0" or more and "28" or less. A determination is made (step 507). If Yes, there is no need to change note bias data; if No, then note bias data needs to be changed. The value of the note bias data in the mode register is “0” when no sound data has been written, but has a certain value if at least one sound data has already been written.

If No in step 506, the note bias data in the mode register is set to "0" to change the note bias data (step 50).
8) Until the key number data in the sound register is less than "6", that is, less than a half octave data value (step 509), this "6" is subtracted from the key number data (step 510). The data is incremented by one (step 511).

If the key number data is less than “6”,
The mode code, velocity list data, and note bias data of the mode register are used as mode data as R
Write to the performance information area in AM 11 (step 51)
2). Then, in the pronunciation register, accent data,
It is determined whether or not writing of all data such as note number data, step level data, gate level data and the like has been completed (step 513). If all the data have been written, all the data in the sound register is written as sound data in the performance information area in the RAM 11 (step 514), and the sound register is cleared (step 51).
5) Return to step 502 above. In this case, the key number data in the tone generation register is stored as note number data. Thus, when the note bias data is changed, the mode data is written together with the sound data.

If the result of step 506 is Yes,
It is not necessary to change the note bias data, and the value obtained by subtracting the note bias data from the key number data is used as the note number (step 516). If the writing of all the data in the tone generation register has been completed (step 51).
3), along with other data in the sound register, RAM1
1 in the performance information area (step 51).
4), the sound register is cleared (step 515), and the process returns to step 502.

In step 514, the melody, chord,
When the rhythm switch is a chord, the chord and the root are determined from the key number of the simultaneous key depression, and the chord root data is written. Of course, each component sound may be stored as it is.

At step 504, if the input data is velocity list data, the velocity list data is written to the mode register (step 517).
All data in this mode register is used as mode data.
The data is written in the performance information area in the RAM 11 (Step 518), and the process returns to Step 502. Thus, even when the velocity list data is changed, the mode data is written.

In step 505, if the input data is velocity data, the velocity data is set in a velocity register in the working RAM 11a.
The accent data in the sound register is set to "0" (step 520). The velocity data corresponding to the accent data is subtracted (step 522), and the accent data is incremented by one each time (step 523).

If the velocity data does not exceed the velocity data corresponding to the accent data in the velocity list data, the accent data is changed to "15" only when the accent data is "15" or more (step 524). Returning (step 525), if writing of all data in the tone generation register has been completed (step 513), this accent data is written into the performance information area in the RAM 11 together with other data in the tone generation register (step 514). Then, the tone generation register is cleared (step 515), and the process returns to step 502.

In step 506, if the input data is any other data, the data is written into the performance information area in the RAM 11. In this case, when the input data is the step time data or the gate time data, the same processing as in the above steps 520 to 525 and 513 to 515 is performed.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but can be variously modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the tone data processing method of the present invention, magnification data may be used as common portion data, and tone data may be divided by magnification data as specific portion data. For each of the lists shown in FIGS. It may be data indicating how many times to read, data indicating whether to read even-numbered data or odd-numbered data, or arithmetic expression data as common partial data, and arithmetic expression data as specific partial data. Substitution data for deriving musical sound data may be used. In addition, the mode data that is the common partial data may be inserted into the sound data that is the specific partial data not every common sound data group but every certain number. In addition, the tone data processing method of the present invention may be applied to tone data other than key number data and velocity data.

(A) Common extraction means for extracting common part data indicating a part common to each of a plurality of tone data, and unique partial data other than the common part data extracted by the common extraction means. Unique extraction means for extracting, unique output means for outputting the same number of pieces of unique part data extracted by the unique extraction means as the tone data, and less common piece data extracted by the common extraction means than the tone data A tone data processing method, comprising: common output means for outputting the same number of pieces.

(B) A plurality of musical tone data are stored in the form of specific partial data output from the specific output means and common partial data output from the common output means. Data processing method.

(C) Common reading means for reading the common part data from the data stored in the musical tone data storage format according to claim 2, and special reading means for reading the special part data among the data. And a synthesizing means for synthesizing the common part data read by the common reading means and the unique part data read by the unique reading means.

(D) The common portion data is bias data having a constant value with respect to the variation range of the tone data, and the unique portion data is residual data obtained by removing bias data from each tone data. The tone data processing method according to the above A, B or C, wherein:
(E) The common part data is fluctuation rate data indicating a fluctuation range with respect to the fluctuation range of the musical tone data, and the unique partial data is deviation rate data indicating a position in the fluctuation range of each musical sound data. A and B described above,
Or, the tone data processing method described in C.

(F) A tone control data compression device for compressing tone control data corresponding to a plurality of performance types, wherein the first compression mode corresponds to a specific performance type among the plurality of performance types. Compressing the tone control data,
In the compression mode, the tone control data corresponding to performance types other than the specific performance type compressed in the first compression mode is compressed. In the first and second compression modes, the compressed The number of bits of the tone control data after compression in the first compression mode and the number of bits in the tone control data after compression in the second compression mode are the same even though the number of bits of each tone control data before the compression is the same. A tone control data compression device, wherein the number of bits of the tone control data is different from each other. (G) A tone control data expansion device for expanding tone control data corresponding to a plurality of performance types, wherein the tone control data corresponding to a specific performance type among the plurality of performance types is compressed and stored. A first storage unit, a second storage unit in which the tone control data corresponding to a performance type other than the specific performance type is stored in a compressed state, and the compressed storage unit in the first storage unit. The read tone control data is read and expanded to the original original tone control data, and the compressed and stored tone control data is read from the second storage means and expanded to the original original tone control data. Even if the number of bits of the tone control data before compression and stored in the first and second storage units before compression is different from each other, the bit numbers of the tone control data expanded from the first storage unit are different from each other. Musical tone control data decompression apparatus, characterized in that the number of bits of the tone control data after being extended from the number of bits of the tone control data and the second storage means are the same. (H) The compressed data corresponding to the specific performance type is stored in combination with other data, and the compressed data corresponding to a performance type other than the specific performance type is also combined with other data. The total number of bits of each of the combined sets is the same, and the plurality of performance types are melody, chord and rhythm performance parts, and the data of the data corresponding to the specific performance type is stored. Compressed content,
The method according to claim F, wherein the compression content of the data corresponding to a performance type other than the specific performance type is different, and data indicating the compression content is stored in common with each data to be compressed. The tone control data compression device described in G or the tone control data decompression device described in G above. (I) The compressed content of the tone control data corresponding to the specific performance type is different from the compressed content of the tone control data corresponding to a performance type other than the specific performance type, and indicates the compressed content. Mode data is stored. The mode data indicates the performance type. The tone control data is compressed or decompressed based on the mode data. The mode data is used to compress or decompress the tone control data. The musical tone control data includes information for selecting a conversion table and / or bias data for expanding the compressed musical tone control data by calculation, and the musical tone control data is data relating to a pitch, data of an accent of a musical tone, or data indicating a sounding timing. The tone control data compression device described in F or the tone control data decompression device described in G.

[0098]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention,
The tone control data corresponding to a specific performance type and the tone control data corresponding to a performance type other than the specific performance type are compressed, decompressed or stored, and the bit numbers of both data before and after compression are the same. The bit numbers of the data after compression or before decompression are different from each other. Therefore, each tone control data can be set in an optimal compression storage state corresponding to each performance type, and efficient compression or storage of the tone control data can be realized. Also, common part data common to each piece of tone data and unique part data other than the common part are extracted from each tone, and the number of unique part data is equal to the number of tone data, and the number of common part data is smaller than the number of tone data. Minutes. Therefore, each tone data can be compressed to specific partial data, and the length of each data can be shortened. Further, since the number of the common part data is smaller than the number of the tone data, the data amount of the entire tone data group can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a storage format of musical sound data.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a storage format of musical sound data.

FIG. 3 is an overall circuit diagram of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing performance information composed of musical tone data groups.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a list for converting and synthesizing each tone data stored in a ROM 12;

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a list for converting and synthesizing each tone data stored in a ROM 12;

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a performance example stored as performance information.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a working RAM 11a.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an assignment memory 8;

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a performance information reproducing process.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a performance information reproduction process.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a performance information reproducing process.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a tone generation process in step 204 of FIG. 11;

FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a performance information recording process.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart of a performance information recording process.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a conventional example.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Keyboard, 3 ... Tablet switch matrix, 5 ... Programmable timer, 6 ... CPU, 11 ... R
AM, 11a working RAM, 12 ROM.

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] A tone control data corresponding to a plurality of performance types.
A musical tone control data compression apparatus for compressing data, in the first compression mode, particular among the plurality of play types
Playing kinds compresses the tone control data corresponding to, in the second compression mode, is compressed in the first compression mode
Corresponding to a performance type other than the specified performance type
Compressing the tone control data, in the first and second respective compression mode, the number of bits before the respective musical tone control data the compression is the same
The tone control after being compressed in the first compression mode.
The number of bits of the control data and the
A tone control data compression device, wherein the number of bits of the tone control data after the compression is different from each other. 2. A tone control data corresponding to a plurality of performance types.
A musical tone control data decompression apparatus for decompressing the data, a first storage means the tone control data corresponding to a particular performance type among the plurality of play types is stored is compressed, the specific performance said second storage means the tone control data are stored is compressed corresponding to the performance category other than, the musical tone control data stored is the compressed first
Is read from the first storage means extends the original original musical tone control data, said musical tone control data stored is the compressed said first
2 and expanded to the original original tone control data and compressed and stored in the first and second storage means.
The bit number of each tone control data before decompression is
Even if they are different from each other,
The number of bits of the tone control data after
Bits of the above tone control data after being decompressed from storage means
A tone control data decompression device characterized in that the numbers are the same. 3. A tone control data corresponding to a plurality of performance types.
A musical tone control data compression method for compressing the data, in the first compression mode, particular among the plurality of play types
In the second compression mode, the musical tone control data corresponding to the type of performance is compressed in the first compression mode.
Corresponding to a performance type other than the specified performance type
Compressing the musical tone control data, in the first and second respective compression mode, the number of bits before the respective musical tone control data the compression is the same
The tone control after being compressed in the first compression mode.
The number of bits of the control data and the
A tone control data compression method, wherein the number of bits of the tone control data after the compression is different from each other. 4. A tone control data corresponding to a plurality of performance types.
A musical tone control data decompression method for decompressing the data, a first storage means the tone control data corresponding to a particular performance type among the plurality of play types is stored is compressed, the specific performance to the second storage means the tone control data are stored is compressed corresponding to the performance category other than said first to said musical tone control data stored is the compressed
1 is expanded from the storage means to the original original tone control data, and the compressed tone control data is stored in the
2 and expanded to the original original tone control data and compressed and stored in the first and second storage means.
The bit number of each tone control data before decompression is
Even if they are different from each other,
The number of bits of the tone control data after
Bits of the above tone control data after being decompressed from storage means
A tone control data decompression method characterized in that the numbers are the same.