JP2845966B2 - Automatic door opening and closing device for automobiles - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an improvement in an automatic door opening / closing device for an automobile door.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, as an automatic door opening / closing device for an automobile, a device provided with an opening / closing mechanism for opening / closing a door with an actuator has been proposed. (See Public Relations No. 45-8562).

There has also been proposed a device in which an electromagnetic clutch is provided between an opening / closing mechanism and an actuator (an electric motor and a speed reducer) and the clutch is disengaged so that the door can be manually opened / closed (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (JP-A) No. Sho-59-28139). 58-76671).

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, the electromagnetic clutch for intermittently connecting and disconnecting the opening / closing mechanism and the actuator has a problem that it is large in size to obtain torque, and it is difficult to incorporate the clutch into a door.

In addition, there is also a problem that durability is lacking, and it is difficult to maintain the opening / closing accuracy of the door due to slippage or the like.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has as its object to provide a new manual / automatic switching planetary gear type clutch mechanism which is small in size, has reliable operation, and has high durability. .

(Means for Solving the Problems) Therefore, the present invention provides an automatic door opening / closing device for an automatic person provided with an opening / closing mechanism for opening / closing a door with a first actuator. A sector gear operating between the fully closed positions, an output gear driven by an actuator, an intermediate gear supported coaxially with the output gear and meshing with the sector gear, and supported by the intermediate gear, the output gear A meshing planetary gear, an internal gear supported coaxially with the output gear and meshing with the planetary gear, and a saw tooth formed on the outer periphery of the internal gear when the second actuator is actuated and retracted by a second actuator. And a manual / automatic switching clutch mechanism comprising a clutch member that meshes with the internal gear and prevents rotation of the internal gear.

(Operation) The clutch member reciprocates when the second actuator is operated, meshes with the sawtooth of the internal gear, and prevents the rotation of the internal gear. The engagement of the internal gear with the saw is released,
Allow rotation of the internal gear.

Therefore, when the second actuator operates, the clutch member meshes with the internal gear to prevent rotation of the internal gear, so that when the first actuator rotates forward or reverse,
The output gear causes the planetary gear to rotate in a planetary manner with the internal gear, and the planetary gear rotates the intermediate gear to rotate the sector gear left or right.

Further, when the second actuator is not operated, the clutch member does not mesh with the internal gear and allows the rotation of the internal gear. Therefore, when the sector gear rotates left or right with manual opening and closing of the door, the intermediate gear is rotated. The planetary gear rotates around the output gear while rotating around the internal gear. Thus, in the manual opening / closing operation of the door, the first actuator (the reduction gear and the electric motor) is not rotated, so that the opening / closing operation does not become heavy.

(Effect of the Invention) In the present invention, since the planetary gear type clutch mechanism is constituted by the output gear, the intermediate gear, the planetary gear, the internal gear, and the clutch member driven by the second actuator, the structure is simple. The operation is reliable, the durability is high, and the operation can be switched between manual and automatic only by the operation / non-operation of the second actuator, so that the switching is easy.

Further, in the case of an electromagnetic clutch, the size is increased in order to obtain torque, but in the planetary gear type clutch mechanism of the present invention, a sufficient torque can be secured, so that the size can be reduced.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, an automobile side door 10 has a front end attached to a main body 11 via a hinge mechanism (not shown) so as to be openable and closable, and a rear part of the door 10 is locked to the vehicle body 11 when the door is closed. A door lock (lock mechanism) 12 is provided for locking.

 Reference numeral 13 denotes a window glass.

An opening / closing mechanism 14 for opening and closing the door 10 with an actuator (electric motor 21) is attached to a front portion of the door 10,
At the rear of the door 10, a locking mechanism 15 for locking the latch of the door lock 12 with an actuator (electric motor 62).
Is installed.

Then, the door 10 is operated between the fully open position and the fully closed position by the opening / closing mechanism 14, while the fastening mechanism 15
When the door 10 is closed, the striker of the vehicle body 11 locks the door.
The 12 latches are operated from a slightly rotated position to a full lock position.

The opening / closing mechanism 14 includes a push / pull member 18, a sector gear 19, a manual / automatic switching (planetary gear type) clutch mechanism 20, and an electric motor 21, as shown in detail in FIGS. Basic configuration.

The push / pull member 18 has one end 18a connected to the vehicle body 11,
The other end 18b is connected to the operation arm 19a of the sector gear 19.

The sector gear 19 is rotatably mounted on a base substrate 24 fixed in the door 10 with a rotation shaft 25.

In the state shown in FIG. 2 in which the sector gear 19 is rotating clockwise (in the direction of the hour hand), the push-pull member 18 is pulled into the door 10, the door 10 is fully closed, and the sector gear 19 is rotated counterclockwise. When moved (counterclockwise direction), the push / pull member 18 is pushed out of the door 10, and the door 10 is opened.

The sector gear 19 is formed with an elongated hole 19b having a radius at the center of rotation (rotary shaft 25) of the sector gear 19, and a half-opened door and a fully-closed door are formed in the outer arc edge of the elongated hole 19b. The concave portions 19c and 19d corresponding to the respective opening degrees are formed.

The base substrate 24 has a long hole 19 of the sector gear 19.
The bracket 26 facing inside b is fixed, and the bracket 26
Of the long hole 19b, the outer arc edge is always in contact with each
Check springs 28, 28 having rollers 27, 27 that can be engaged and disengaged from c and 19d are fixed.

Therefore, by each of the check springs 28, 28,
When the sector gear 19 is rotated, that is, when the door 10 is manually opened / closed, a moderation is given to each opening.

A projection 19f is formed on the inner arc edge of the long hole 19b of the sector gear 19.
The base board 24 is provided with a fully closed detection switch 29 that is turned on when the projection 19f contacts the sector gear 19 at the right rotation position (fully closed position) of the sector gear 19, and a left rotation position (fully opened position) of the sector gear 19. ), And a full-open detection switch 30 that is turned on when the projection 19f abuts at the position.

A rotary encoder (door opening detector) 32 rotated by a gear 31 meshing with the sector gear 19 is attached to the base substrate 24, and the rotary encoder 32
The opening of the door 10 is detected.

The planetary gear clutch mechanism 20 includes the base substrate
A motor board 36 is fixed to 24 via a plurality of columns 35,
The electric motor 21 is mounted on the motor board 36 together with the speed reducer 37.

A small-diameter output gear (sun gear) 40 is fixed to an output shaft 39 of the speed reducer 37.

An intermediate gear 42 is supported on the base substrate 24 by pins 41 coaxially with the output gear 40, and the intermediate gear 42 meshes with the sector gear 19.

On the intermediate gear 42, three planetary gears 43,..., 43 meshing with the output gear 40 are supported by pins 44,.

Coaxial with the output gear 4. The base 45a of the internal gear 45 is rotatably supported by the motor board 36, and the internal gear 45 meshes with each of the planetary gears 43. Saw teeth 45b are formed on the outer periphery of the internal gear teeth 45.

A solenoid 47 is fixed to the base board 24, one end of a connection lever 50 supported by pins 49 on the base board 24 is connected to a plunger 48 of the solenoid 47, and the other end of the connection lever 50 is connected to the base. It is connected to a clutch member 51 supported reciprocally on the substrate 24.

At the front of the clutch member 51, a saw tooth 45 of the internal gear 45 is provided.
A saw-tooth portion 51a that can mesh with b is formed.

When the solenoid 47 is excited, the plunger 48 retracts and the coupling lever 50 causes the coupling lever 50 to rotate clockwise (around the hour hand).
As a result, the saw tooth portion 51a meshes with the saw tooth 45b of the internal gear 45 to prevent the rotation of the internal gear 45. When the link lever 50 is rotated counterclockwise (counterclockwise rotation of the hand), it moves backward and the internal gear 4 of the sawtooth portion 51a
The engagement with the fifth saw tooth 45b is released, and the rotation of the internal gear 45 is allowed.

Therefore, when the solenoid 47 is excited, the clutch member 51 meshes with the internal gear 45 to prevent the rotation of the internal gear 45, so that the electric motor 21 rotates forward or reverse. , The planetary gear 43 makes a planetary rotational movement, and the intermediate gear 42 is rotated by the planetary gear 43 to rotate the sector gear 19 left or right.

Also, when the solenoid 47 is demagnetized, the clutch member 51 does not mesh with the internal gear 45 and allows the rotation of the internal gear 45.Therefore, when the sector gear 19 rotates left or right with the manual opening and closing of the door 10, the intermediate The gear 42 is rotated, and the planetary gear 43 rotates around the output gear 40 while rotating around the internal gear 45. As a result, when the door 10 is manually opened / closed, the speed reducer 37
Since the electric motor 21 is not rotated, the opening / closing operation does not become heavy.

On the other hand, although not specifically shown, the tightening mechanism 15 of the door lock 12 is basically composed of a tightening rod 61 for rotating a rotating lever for forcibly rotating a latch, and an electric motor 62. For the door lock 12, a lock release mechanism 63 and a lock knob operating mechanism 64 are provided.

The latch is provided with an unlock position detection switch 101 and a lock position detection switch 102.

The opening / closing mechanism 14 and the tightening mechanism 15 are controlled by a vehicle-mounted microcontroller 120 as shown in FIG.

The microcontroller 129 includes the opening / closing mechanism 14.
The detection signals of the door opening detector (rotary encoder) 32, the fully open detection switch 30, and the fully closed detection switch 29 are input, and the control signals of the electric motor 21 and the solenoid 47 are output.

Further, signals of the power one-touch switch 123, the power auto switch 124, the power / operation lock switch 125, and the lock / unlock switch 126 of the manual operation switch 122 are input.

As shown in FIG. The power one-touch switch 123 includes a fully open switch 123a and a fully closed switch 123b,
The switch includes a plurality of opening selection switches 123c to 123i having different opening degrees, and the fully open switch 123a and the fully closed switch 123b are operated by a switch to fully open or close the opening / closing mechanism 14, and the opening selection switches 123c to 123i. Is to open or close the opening / closing mechanism 14 to an opening corresponding to the switch by turning on an arbitrary opening selection switch.

The power auto switch 124 is an open switch 124a
And a closing switch 124b for opening or closing the opening / closing mechanism 14 during the operation of the switch.

The power operation lock switch 125 is for preventing the opening / closing mechanism 14 from operating even when the power one-touch switch 123 and the power auto switch 124 are operated. If the switch 125 is turned on, the door 10 can be opened and closed only manually.

The lock / unlock switch 126 includes a lock switch 126 and an unlock switch 126b. When the lock switch 126a is turned on, the solenoid 96 is excited to lock the lock knob, and when the unlock switch 126b is turned on, the lock knob is unlocked. Locked.

Returning to FIG. The lock / unlock position detection switch 127, lock detection switch 102, unlock detection switch 101 provided on the solenoid 96 of the lock knob operating mechanism 64 of the door lock 12, and the lock / lock provided on the solenoid 113 of the lock release mechanism 63 of the door lock 12. Each detection signal of the unlock position detection switch 128 is input, and control signals for the solenoids 96 and 113 are output.

Further, the microcontroller 120 outputs a control signal to the electric motor 62 of the tightening mechanism 15.

 The operation of the above configuration will now be described.

(1) Automatic closing The door 10 is in the fully open position, and the manual operation switch
When the fully-closed switch 123b of the 122 is turned on, the solenoid 47 of the opening / closing mechanism 14 is excited, so that the clutch member 51 meshes with the internal gear 45 to prevent the rotation of the internal gear 45, and at the same time, the electric motor 21 rotates forward, the output gear 40 causes the planetary gear 43 to perform planetary rotation with the internal gear 45, and the planetary gear 43 rotates the intermediate gear 42 to rotate the sector gear 19.
Is rotated right.

The push / pull member 18 is pulled into the door 10 by the right rotation of the sector gear 19, and the door 10 is automatically closed.

Immediately before the door 10 is completely closed, the striker on the vehicle body side contacts the latch at the unlocked position of the door lock 12, and the latch starts rotating.

When the unlock detection switch 101 detects the position where the latch is slightly rotated, the electric motor 62 of the tightening mechanism 15 starts rotating, and the rotating lever is rotated via the tightening rod 61 to rotate. The latch is forcibly rotated from the half lock position to the full lock position via the shaft.

When the latch is rotated to the full lock position, the claw lever is engaged with the full lock groove, the latch is locked in the full lock position, and the striker is also locked in the same position, so that the door 10 is fully closed and locked. You.

When the door 10 is fully closed, it is detected by the fully closed detection switch 29, and the electric motor 21 of the opening / closing mechanism 14 stops.

The electric motor 62 of the tightening mechanism 15 makes one full rotation and stops, and the tightening cycle of the latch ends.

(2) Automatic Opening When the door 10 is in the fully closed lock position and the fully open switch 123a of the manual operation switches 122 in the vehicle compartment is turned on, the solenoid 113 of the lock release mechanism 63 is excited, and the plunger that protrudes and moves. Inner lever 8 with plunger rod 115
8. Release the latch by the claw lever by swinging the open lever through the push lever and link.

Thereby, the lock of the striker by the latch is released.

Further, when the solenoid 47 of the opening / closing mechanism 14 is excited, the clutch member 51 meshes with the internal gear 45 to prevent the rotation of the internal gear 45, and at the same time, the electric motor 21 reversely rotates.
The planetary gear 43 makes a planetary rotation with the internal gear 45 by the output gear 40, the intermediate gear 42 is rotated by the planetary gear 43, and the sector gear 19 is rotated left.

The push / pull member 18 is pushed out to the door 10 by the left rotation of the sector gear 19, and the door 10 is automatically opened. When the fully open position is detected by the full open detection switch 30, the electric motor 21 stops.

(3) Manual closing The door 10 is in the fully open position and the manual operation switch
When the 122 is not turned on, the solenoid 47 of the opening / closing mechanism 14 is demagnetized, so that the clutch member 51 does not mesh with the internal gear 45 and the rotation of the internal gear 45 is allowed.

Then, when the door 10 is manually closed, the push / pull member 18 is pushed into the door 10 and the sector gear 19 is rotated clockwise,
Accordingly, the intermediate gear 42 is rotated, and the planetary gear 43 rotates around the output gear 40 while rotating around the internal gear 45.

At the time of manual closing, the reduction gear is
Since the 37 and the electric motor 21 are not rotated, the door closing operation can be performed lightly.

Immediately before the door 10 is fully closed, the striker on the vehicle body abuts on the latch at the unlock position of the door lock 12, and after the latch is slightly rotated, the tightening mechanism 15 operates as in (1). As a result, the latch is forcibly rotated, and the door 10 is fully closed and locked.

(4) Manual door opening When the inner handle or the outer handle is pulled, the link of the door lock 12 is moved down via the inner rod or the outer rod, and the latch is latched by the claw lever by swinging the open lever. Cancel.

Thereby, the lock of the striker by the latch is released.

Further, since the solenoid 47 of the opening / closing mechanism 14 is demagnetized, the clutch member 51 does not mesh with the internal gear, and the internal gear 45 does not engage with the internal gear.
Is allowed.

Then, when the door 10 is manually opened, the push / pull member 18 is pulled out of the door 10 and the sector gear 19 is rotated left,
Accordingly, the intermediate gear 42 is rotated, and the planetary gear 43 rotates around the output gear 40 while rotating around the internal gear 45.

Even when this manual door is opened, the speed reducer is
Since the motor 37 and the electric motor 21 are not rotated, the door opening operation can be performed lightly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an opening / closing device for an automobile door according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view of an opening / closing mechanism, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part of FIG. 2, FIG. FIG. 5 is a front view of the manual operation switch. 10 ... Automotive side door, 11 ... Car body, 12 ... Door lock, 14 ... Open / close mechanism, 18 ... Push / pull member, 19 ... Sector gear, 20 ... Manual / automatic switching clutch mechanism, 21 ... ... Electric motor, 40 ... Output gear, 42 ... Intermediate gear, 43 ... Planetary gear, 45 ... Internal gear, 45a ... Saw tooth, 47 ... Solenoid, 51 ... Clutch member, 51a ... Saw tooth part .

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E05F 15/00-15/20 B60J 5/04

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An automatic door opening / closing device having an opening / closing mechanism for opening / closing a door with a first actuator; a sector gear for operating the door between a fully open position and a fully closed position via a push / pull member; An output gear driven by the first actuator, an intermediate gear supported coaxially with the output gear and meshing with the sector gear, a planetary gear supported by the intermediate gear and meshing with the output gear, and the output gear. An internal gear that is coaxially supported and meshes with the planetary gear;
A manual / automatic switching clutch mechanism comprising a clutch member which is moved up and down by the second actuator and meshes with a saw tooth formed on the outer periphery of the internal gear when the second actuator operates to prevent rotation of the internal gear is provided. An automatic door opening and closing device for an automobile.