JP2843593B2 - Concrete spraying method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a spraying machine which presses or conveys a concrete material put into a hopper and discharges it from a nozzle, and a feeder which supplies a quick-setting agent to concrete. The present invention relates to a concrete spraying method and apparatus for supplying a quick setting agent according to concrete.

2. Description of the Related Art The ratio of the amount of quick-setting agent supplied to the amount of concrete to be discharged must be an optimum amount determined in advance by a test or the like. If the supply amount of the quick setting agent to the concrete amount is less than an appropriate amount, the quick setting effect is small, so that sufficient initial strength of the concrete cannot be obtained or the concrete comes off. Conversely, if the supplied amount is more than an appropriate amount, the final strength of the concrete will be significantly reduced or the quality of the concrete will be deteriorated. For this reason, it is necessary to supply an optimal amount of quick-setting agent to the concrete discharge amount of the spraying machine.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, since concrete and quick-setting agent are pumped using air or a pump, it is difficult to accurately measure the discharge amount and the supply amount with an existing flow meter. That is, it is difficult for a flow meter to measure only the amount of solids in a mixture of gas and solids, such as air and concrete and air and quick-setting agent. It is also difficult to measure the flow rate of concrete pumped by a pump with a conventional flow meter.

For this reason, in the conventional rotor type spraying machine, the number of revolutions of the rotor is measured, and the amount of discharge is calculated by multiplying the number of rotations of the rotor. However, the concrete filling in the rotor is 100
% Is not always the case, but rather is often reduced by several percent,
With such a calculation method, the true ejection amount cannot be grasped, and therefore, there is a problem that the error becomes too large.

Also in the pump type spraying machine, the discharge amount is calculated by multiplying the inner volume of the cylinder by the number of strokes of the piston. However, the concrete filling amount in the cylinder
It is not always 100%, but is often reduced by several percents, making it impossible to grasp the true discharge amount.

Conventionally, spraying a pre-measured concrete material,
The discharge amount per unit time was grasped from the time required for spraying the material. Further, the amount of the quick-setting agent charged into the storage tank is measured in advance, and after the supply is performed for a predetermined time with a predetermined supply force, the supply amount based on the supply force is calculated from the remaining amount.

From the data obtained in this way, the discharge amount of the concrete material per unit time is estimated, and the setting is made so that the quick-setting agent corresponding to the discharge amount can be supplied during the discharge time.

In the conventional spraying system, it is assumed that the discharge amount of the concrete and the supply amount of the quick-setting agent are always discharged at exactly the same amount as the set amount. However, in the case of an actual spraying machine, the filling amount in the rotor changes depending on the composition of the concrete and the slump value, and accordingly, the discharge amount changes. In addition, the volume of the inner wall of the rotor where no concrete adheres gradually decreases, and the discharge amount tends to decrease. As described above, the discharge amount is not always constant but changes.

Also, in the case of a quick-setting agent feeder, the difference in the type of quick-setting agent
Even with the same supply force, the supply amount per unit time changes, and the pressure density of the quick-setting binder also changes due to the change in the blowing pressure of the spraying machine, and the supply amount often fluctuates.

As described above, conventionally, even if the discharge amount of the concrete of the spraying machine changes, when the preset amount of the quick-setting agent is supplied in a state close to the fixed amount, the supply ratio is out of the predetermined range, and the discharge amount It was not possible to supply an appropriate amount of the quick-setting admixture according to the conditions.

Further, in a conventional dry concrete spraying system, a type in which a quick-setting admixture is supplied to a concrete material before being charged into a material hopper is already known. In this type of spraying device, the quick setting agent may be supplied according to the discharge amount of the concrete, or the quick setting agent may be supplied according to the input amount of the concrete material to the material hopper. For this reason,
For example, when a concrete material is carried into the hopper by a belt conveyor, the amount of the Belcon carried is detected in advance, and a quick-setting agent corresponding to the carried amount is supplied.

However, even in the spraying device having such a configuration, the carry-in amount of the belcon varies, and the supply amount of the quick-setting agent is not always constant as described above. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to supply an appropriate amount of quick setting agent to the concrete material to be carried in.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for spraying concrete that have solved the above-mentioned conventional problems.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a carrying means for carrying a concrete material into a material hopper, and a spraying method in which the concrete material carried into the material hopper is fed or conveyed and discharged from a nozzle portion. Machine, and a supply device for supplying a quick setting agent to the discharged concrete material, and in a concrete spraying method for supplying a quick setting agent in an amount corresponding to the amount of discharged concrete, the concrete blasting method is carried into the material hopper. Detects the weight difference between the sprayer body at the time of the upper reference amount of concrete material and the sprayer body at the time of the lower reference amount, and detects the concrete discharge amount by measuring the time from the upper reference time to the lower reference time. Further, the amount of the quick-setting agent supplied by the quick-setting agent supply unit is detected based on a change in the weight of the quick-setting agent supply unit per predetermined unit time, and the quick-setting agent supply amount is determined. Calculating whether the supply amount is a predetermined amount calculated from the concrete discharge amount, and when the supply amount of the quick-setting agent is outside the predetermined amount, correcting the supply of the quick-setting agent to within the predetermined amount; And

Further, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a loading means for loading a concrete material into a material hopper, a spraying machine for pressing or transporting the concrete material loaded into the material hopper and discharging the material from a nozzle, and A feeder for supplying a quick-setting agent to the concrete material, before the material is fed into the material hopper, and a concrete spraying method for supplying an amount of the quick-setting agent according to the amount of the concrete material to be carried into the material hopper, wherein the material By detecting the weight difference between the spraying machine body at the time of the upper reference amount and the spraying machine body at the lower reference amount of the concrete material carried into the hopper, and measuring the time from the upper reference time to the lower reference amount. The amount of concrete material carried in is detected, and the change in the weight of the quick-setting agent supply unit per predetermined unit time causes the sudden The amount of the quick-setting agent is detected, and it is calculated whether or not the amount of the quick-setting agent supplied is a predetermined amount calculated from the amount of the concrete carried in. Is corrected within a predetermined amount.

Still further, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has a carrying-in means for carrying a concrete material into a material hopper, a spraying machine which presses or conveys the concrete material carried into the material hopper and discharges it from a nozzle portion, and A supply device for supplying a quick-setting agent to a concrete material to be supplied, and a concrete spraying device for supplying a quick-setting agent in an amount corresponding to the amount of discharged concrete. Detecting means, second detecting means for detecting the weight of the feeder, means for varying the quick-setting agent supply amount from the feeder, and adjusting the quick-setting agent supply amount according to the amount of concrete discharged. Control means to perform, the control means,
While detecting the weight difference between the spraying machine body at the time of the upper reference amount and the spraying machine body at the time of the lower reference amount of the concrete material carried into the material hopper, the time from the upper reference time to the lower reference time is measured. Then, the concrete discharge amount is detected, and the amount of the quick-setting agent corresponding to the concrete discharge amount is supplied via means for varying the quick-setting agent supply amount.

Still further, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has a carrying-in means for carrying a concrete material into a material hopper, a spraying machine which presses or conveys the concrete material carried into the material hopper and discharges it from a nozzle portion, A feeder that supplies a quick-setting agent to the concrete material, before the carry-in to the hopper, and a concrete spraying device that supplies a quick-setting agent in an amount corresponding to the amount of the concrete material carried into the material hopper, First detecting means for detecting the weight of the sprayer, second detecting means for detecting the weight of the feeder, means for varying the amount of quick-setting agent supplied from the feeder, and the amount of concrete discharged Control means for adjusting the supply amount of the quick-setting agent in accordance with the condition of the spraying machine when the upper limit reference amount of the concrete material carried into the material hopper is reached. And the difference between the weight of the spraying machine body at the time of the lower reference amount and the lower reference amount, and measuring the time from the upper reference amount to the lower reference amount to detect the amount of the concrete material carried in, and according to the concrete material carry amount. It is characterized in that the amount of the quick-setting agent is supplied via means for varying the quick-setting agent supply amount.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a spraying device to which the present invention is applied. Reference numeral 1 denotes a spraying machine, and 2 denotes a quick-setting agent feeder. The spraying machine 1 and the supply device 2 are supported by a traveling vehicle 3, and a spraying robot 4 having a nozzle portion configured as a nozzle 5 at the tip is supported on the traveling vehicle 3.

The spraying machine 1 is provided with a hopper, a rotor 8, and a charging means configured as a conveyor device 6 for charging a concrete material into the hopper 7, as shown in FIGS.

In this case, the conveyor device 6 is provided on a gantry 9 supported by the traveling vehicle 3, and the hopper 7, the rotor 8, and a drive device 10 for the hopper 7 are provided on a frame 11 arranged on the gantry 9. That is, the frame 11 supports the hopper 7, the rotor 8, and the driving device 10 corresponding to the spraying machine main body.
Further, between the gantry 9 and the frame 11, a weight detecting means described later is interposed.

In the spraying machine of the present embodiment, the frame 11 is
It is swingably supported. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, a bracket 12 is provided on the gantry 9, a tongue 13 is provided at a lower portion of the frame 11, and the bracket 12 and the tongue 13 are connected via a pin 14. The mechanism is oriented vertically in FIG. 3 so that the axes of both pins 14 are aligned. As a result, the frame 11 can swing about the pin 14. At this time, the frame 11 is set so that the side on which the hopper 7 and the rotor 8 are provided is inclined about the pin 14, and a detector configured as a load cell 15 is provided below the rotor 8 at the center in the axial direction. (See FIGS. 3 and 5). And the swing mechanism and the load cell
15 constitutes the weight detecting means of the spraying machine 1 of this embodiment.

The quick-setting agent feeder 2 shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 6 and FIG.
A tank 16 for storing the quick-setting agent and a screw (not shown) for supplying the quick-setting agent in the tank 16 are provided.
The main body of the feeder is disposed on a support plate 17, and the support plate 17 is mounted on a support 18 on the traveling vehicle 3. in this case,
The support plate 17 is swingably supported around the pin 19 by the same configuration as the above-mentioned spraying machine, and a load cell is provided on the opposite side.
20 are provided. The swing mechanism and the load cell 20 constitute a weight detecting unit of the feeder 2.

The concrete spraying apparatus thus constructed sprays concrete as follows, and this will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

First, the power supply of the spraying machine 1 and the supply machine 2 is turned on, and the conveyor device 6 is started. Thus, the concrete material is put into the hopper 7. When the material input amount to the hopper 7 becomes an appropriate amount described later, this is set to a lower limit reference value (hereinafter, referred to as a lower limit reference value).
It is called the lower limit. ), And the lower limit is stored as the weight value detected by the load cell 15. The lower limit is, for example, a hopper 7 in order to continuously spray concrete.
Set the amount that has been input nearly half of the standard as a guide. next,
When the concrete material input amount reaches near the upper limit of the hopper 7, this is set as an upper limit reference amount (hereinafter, referred to as an upper limit amount), and the weight value of the load cell 15 at that time is stored. At the same time, the drive of the conveyor device 6 is stopped. At this time, the concrete material is stopped after the feeding is further continued slightly due to inertia.

 Then, the spraying operation is started here.

When the operation is started, the sprayer 1 rotates the rotor 8,
The concrete starts to be discharged, but a trial run is performed first. For this reason, the feeder 2 also uses a timer after a few seconds,
For example, the supply is delayed after 10 seconds, and the supply of the quick-setting agent can be started after confirming the discharged concrete. Therefore, if there is an abnormality in concrete discharge, the operation may be stopped at this point.

When the test operation is completed, the operation is continued and the main operation is performed. At this time, the supply amount of the quick setting agent is set to a predetermined amount in advance because the concrete discharge amount cannot be detected yet. In this case, since the concrete discharge amount can be predicted within a certain range, the screw is rotated at the initially set frequency so that the quick-setting agent can be supplied at a ratio corresponding to the amount. The supply of the quick-setting agent is continued for several minutes, for example, two minutes by a timer.

During this time, the concrete discharge amount is calculated as follows.

In the test operation, when the amount of the concrete material in the hopper 7 reaches the lower limit, the conveyor device 6 operates, and when the detected weight of the load cell 15 reaches the lower limit, the conveyor device 6 stops. Then, since the spraying is continued, the detected weight falls from the position exceeding the upper limit amount, and when the detected weight reaches the lower limit amount, the conveyor device 6 operates again. At this time, the weight detected by the load cell 15 passes from the upper limit to the lower limit. By measuring the time T during this time, the discharge amount C can be calculated from the following equation.
Can be calculated.

Note that K is a constant, and the detected weight of the load cell 15 itself is proportional to the actual weight of the concrete material. Therefore, the actual weight is calculated by multiplying the constant K.

Thus, the concrete discharge amount C is calculated, and when the calculation of the concrete discharge amount is performed a predetermined number of times, for example, five times, the average value is calculated and input to the control device of the feeder 2. In this case, the required time from the upper limit to the lower limit varies depending on the size of the hopper 7, but is at most about 10 seconds. Accordingly, the average value of the concrete discharge amount can be input to the feeder 2 while the timer for 2 minutes is operating. In this way, a relatively accurate discharge amount can be input by averaging several discharge amounts.

Based on the concrete discharge amount, a predetermined amount (QS) of a pre-set ratio of quick-setting agent is calculated. That is, assuming that the concrete discharge rate is, for example, 10 m ³ / H and the desired ratio of the quick-setting agent is 8%, the predetermined amount (Q
S) is 0.8 m ³ / H.

Next, the amount of the quick-setting agent currently being supplied is calculated. In this calculation, first, the current weight V1 is measured by the load cell 20, and after a few seconds by the timer, the weight V2 of, for example, 20 seconds is measured. From the measured value, the quick-setting agent supply amount (QS) is calculated by the following equation.

Thus, if the quick-setting agent supply amount (QS) is known, if the predetermined amount (QS) is equal to the supply amount (QS), the screw is rotated without changing the frequency. When the predetermined amount (QS) is different from the supply amount (QT), and when the predetermined amount is large, the frequency is increased and the screw is rotated to increase the supply amount. Conversely, when it is small, the frequency is reduced and the screw is rotated to suppress the supply amount.

Thus, the supply of the quick setting agent can be set to a predetermined amount according to the concrete discharge amount. The calculation of the concrete discharge amount is shown in a graph as shown in FIG. As is clear from this graph, the ejection amount is intermittently detected only during the transition from the upper limit amount to the lower limit amount. However, since the ejection amount is an average value of several times as described above, there is almost no error.

With this configuration, the present invention can supply a quick-setting agent substantially in accordance with the amount of concrete discharged. Moreover,
Even if the spraying of concrete or the supply of quick-setting agent is stopped due to a failure or the like, it can be detected. That is, if the discharge amount and the supply amount are zero within the detection time, it is easy to detect them.

The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be variously modified. For example, the charging means is not limited to a conveyor device, but may be a means for controlling charging by opening and closing a damper, or a means for controlling charging by rotating a screw. The spraying machine is not limited to the rotor type, but may be a pump type. Further, the quick-setting agent feeder may be of a rotor type. In this case, the rotational speed of the rotor is changed to increase or decrease the supply amount. Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the predetermined amount of the quick setting agent according to the concrete discharge amount is described as one numerical value such as 8%, but the predetermined amount is 6%.
The width may be as large as 1010%. In this case, the frequency may be increased if the quick binder supply amount (QT) exceeds the range of the predetermined amount (QS).

FIG. 10 is an explanatory side view of a dry concrete spraying apparatus showing another embodiment of the present invention. In this example, the feeder 2 of the quick-setting agent sprays the concrete material while the belt 21 is running.
The concrete material to which the quick-setting agent has been supplied is supplied to the spraying machine 1.

Also in this type of spraying device, the weights of the spraying machine 1 and the feeder 2 are measured by the load cells 15 and 20, and the concrete discharge amount and the quick-setting agent supply amount are calculated from the change in the weight,
The quick-setting agent can be supplied in an amount corresponding to the concrete discharge amount. By the way, in this device, the quick-setting agent can be supplied in accordance with the amount of the concrete material put into the hopper of the spraying machine, which will be described below.

In FIG. 10, the belt device 6 has, for example, a receiving box 6a for receiving the concrete material discharged from the concrete material carrier, and a gate 6b provided on the downstream side of the receiving box 6a in the traveling direction of the belt. The gate 6b attempts to keep the transport amount of the belt device almost constant. However, in the case of a concrete material, variations in the transport amount cannot be avoided at the gate 6b.

Then, the feeding into the hopper 7 by the belt device 6 is detected. At the time of this detection, the upper and lower limits of the hopper 7 are determined in the same manner as described above, and the time T 'of the section shown by the dotted line in the graph of FIG. 9 is measured. That is,
As shown in the flow of FIG. 11, it is almost the same as FIG. 9, but calculates the concrete input amount from the lower limit to the upper limit.

Thus, in the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to supply the quick-setting agent at the optimum ratio according to the amount of the concrete material charged.

Effects The present invention is configured as described above, and can detect the discharge amount of the concrete and the supply amount of the quick-setting agent, and can supply the predetermined amount of the quick-setting agent according to the discharge amount of the concrete.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is a schematic view of a concrete spraying device, FIG. 2 is a front view of the spraying machine, FIG. 3 is a plan view thereof, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the-line of FIG. 2, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a front view of the feeder, FIG. 7 is a plan view of the feeder, FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the flow of the spraying method, and FIG. FIG. 10 is a graph showing a change in weight, FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a spraying device showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a flow of a spraying method of the spraying device. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Spraying machine 2 ... Quick binder supply machine 5 ... Nozzle 6 ... Conveyor device 7 ... Hopper 15,20 ... Load cell

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A carrying means for carrying a concrete material into a material hopper, a spraying machine which presses or conveys the concrete material carried into the material hopper and discharges it from a nozzle, and a quick-setting agent for the discharged concrete material. A supply device, and a concrete spraying method for supplying a quick-setting agent in an amount corresponding to the amount of concrete to be discharged, wherein a sprayer main body and a lower limit at the time of the upper limit reference amount of the concrete material carried into the material hopper In addition to detecting the weight difference with the spraying machine body at the time of the reference amount, measuring the time from the time of the upper reference time to the time of the lower reference amount to detect the concrete discharge amount, and furthermore, the quick-adhesive feeder per predetermined unit time The amount of quick-setting agent supplied from the feeder is detected based on a change in the weight of the main body, and the amount of the quick-setting agent supplied is calculated from the amount of concrete discharged. A concrete spraying method comprising calculating whether the amount is a fixed amount, and correcting the supply of the quick setting agent to a predetermined amount when the supply amount of the quick setting agent is out of a predetermined amount. 2. A loading means for transporting a concrete material into a material hopper, a spraying machine for pressure-feeding or transporting the concrete material loaded into the material hopper and discharging from a nozzle, and a concrete device before transporting the material material into the material hopper. A feeder for supplying a quick setting agent to the material, wherein the concrete spraying method supplies a quick setting agent in an amount corresponding to the amount of the concrete material transferred to the material hopper, wherein the concrete material transferred to the material hopper The difference in weight between the sprayer body at the time of the upper reference amount and the sprayer body at the lower reference amount is measured, and the time from the upper reference amount to the lower reference amount is measured to detect the amount of concrete material carried in. Further, the amount of quick-setting agent supplied by the quick-setting agent supply unit is detected based on a change in the weight of the quick-setting agent feeder per predetermined unit time, and the quick setting is performed. Calculating whether the supply amount of the quick-setting agent is a predetermined amount calculated from the concrete carry-in amount, and correcting the supply of the quick-setting agent within the predetermined amount when the supply amount of the quick-setting agent is outside the predetermined amount. A method for spraying concrete. 3. A loading means for transporting a concrete material into a material hopper, a spraying machine which presses or transports the concrete material transported into the material hopper and discharges it from a nozzle, and a quick-setting agent for the discharged concrete material. A supply device, and a concrete spraying device for supplying a quick-setting agent in an amount corresponding to the amount of concrete to be discharged; a first detection unit for detecting a weight of the spraying device; Detecting means for detecting the weight second, means for varying the quick-setting agent supply amount from the feeder, and control means for adjusting the quick-setting agent supply amount according to the amount of concrete to be discharged, The control means detects a weight difference between the sprayer body at the time of the upper reference amount of the concrete material carried into the material hopper and the sprayer body at the time of the lower reference amount, and determines whether the weight is higher than the upper reference amount. The concrete discharge amount is detected by measuring the time from the time of the lower limit reference amount to the lower reference amount, and the amount of the quick setting agent corresponding to the concrete discharge amount is supplied through the means for varying the quick setting agent supply amount. And concrete spraying equipment. 4. A loading means for transporting a concrete material into a material hopper, a spraying machine which presses or transports the concrete material transported into the material hopper and discharges the material from a nozzle, and a concrete device before transporting the concrete material into the material hopper. A supply device for supplying a quick-setting agent to the material, wherein the concrete spraying device supplies a quick-setting agent in an amount corresponding to the amount of the concrete material carried into the material hopper, wherein a weight of the spraying device is detected. First detecting means, second detecting means for detecting the weight of the feeder, means for varying the quick-setting agent supply amount from the feeder, and supply of the quick-setting agent according to the amount of concrete discharged. Control means for adjusting the amount of the concrete material loaded into the material hopper when the upper limit reference amount and the lower limit reference amount. While detecting the weight difference with the body, measuring the time from the upper reference amount to the lower reference amount to detect the amount of the concrete material carried in, the amount of the quick-setting agent according to the concrete material carry-in amount is determined. A concrete spraying device characterized in that the quick-setting agent is supplied via a means for varying the amount of quick-setting agent supplied.