JP2843475B2 - Shutter device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shutter device such as a focal plane shutter, and more particularly to a shutter device for driving shutter blades by an electromagnetic drive source or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional electromagnetically driven focal plane shutter in which a shutter blade is driven by an electromagnetic drive source, a driving member that transmits a driving force to the shutter blade is weak in a direction opposite to a traveling direction of the shutter blade during photographing exposure. The spring force (or the attraction force of the magnet) acts,
The protruding pins of the driving member abut against a stopper for determining a shutter blade start position, thereby positioning the shutter blade at the travel start position and holding the shutter blade at the travel start position.

[0003]

The above prior art has the following drawbacks.

(I) In the device of the prior art, the travel start position of the shutter blade is determined by abutting a protruding pin of the drive member against the stopper, but between the drive member and the shutter blade. There is a shutter blade drive arm, and the arm is pivotally connected to both the drive member and the shutter blade by pin connection, and since there is a fitting play at the pivot portion, the projecting pin of the drive member is Even if the shutter blade is abutted against the stopper, the shutter blade is not always accurately positioned at a regular traveling start position determined by design. Therefore, it is difficult for the apparatus of the related art to exactly match the running start position of the shutter blade to a regular position determined by design. Further, as the number of times of use of the shutter device increases, the play of fitting of the pivot portion also increases, so that the running start position of the shutter blade further deviates from the normal position, resulting in a reduction in shutter accuracy and an increase in cutting unevenness. Therefore, the conventional apparatus cannot realize a higher speed and higher accuracy of the shutter device, and cannot prevent a reduction in shutter accuracy when the number of times the shutter device is used is repeated. .

A well-known spring-driven focal-plane shutter that drives shutter blades by a spring has the same mechanical structure as described above. In this focal-plane shutter, the aforementioned play at the pivotal portion is eliminated. For this purpose, the shutter blade drive mechanism is provided with a spring dedicated to play, but the fitting play increases as the number of times the shutter device is used increases, so that the shutter blade travel start position also changes and the shutter accuracy is reduced. This is the same as the above-described electromagnetically driven shutter device.

(Ii) The spring force for holding the shutter blade at the running start position acts in the direction opposite to the running direction of the shutter blade throughout the entire course of the shutter blade running process. When the shutter blade arrives at the position, the spring force becomes maximum. As a result, when the shutter blade reaches the travel completion position, a jump occurs due to a strong repulsive force.

(Iii) Since the spring force acts in the direction opposite to the running direction of the shutter blade during the travel of the shutter blade, the power generated by the electromagnetic drive source for driving the shutter blade is generated by the spring force. It is wasted. Therefore, an electromagnetic drive source with a large output is required as compared with a state in which no spring force is applied, which is contrary to the design policy aiming at miniaturization and power saving of optical equipment and precision equipment. Become. Recently, further miniaturization and power saving of optical equipment and precision equipment are being promoted, and the drive source of the shutter device is required to be further reduced in size and power saving, and further higher speed of the shutter device is required. Therefore, it is necessary to realize a shutter device that allows the shutter blades to travel at a higher speed with a smaller drive source. However, in the above-described conventional device, the drive source can be reduced in size and power consumption, and the shutter blades can be reduced. It is not possible to further increase the speed.

(Iv) In the above-mentioned conventional electromagnetically driven shutter device, when the power supply to the coil of the electromagnetically driven source is cut off, the shutter blades automatically return to the traveling start position by the spring force. In order to prevent the shutter blade from returning to the running start position when performing the long exposure, it is necessary to keep energizing the coil of the electromagnetic drive source. Of the shutter device, and there is a high risk that the shutter device may be damaged or malfunction due to heat generated from the coil.

(V) The shutter blades are prevented from jumping at the travel completion position, and in the case of long exposure, etc., the battery is rapidly consumed and the shutter device is damaged due to heat generated by the coil of the electromagnetic drive source. In order to prevent a failure, a shutter blade holding mechanism for stopping the shutter blade at a traveling completion position or an arbitrary position is required. However, when such a mechanism is provided, a holding release mechanism for releasing the holding of the shutter blades by the holding mechanism is also required, and as a result, the mechanical structure of an optical device such as a camera is complicated, and the shutter device and The advantage of the electromagnetically driven shutter device, which can simplify the mechanical structure of the optical device compared to the related art, is lost.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to always accurately position and hold a shutter blade at a proper running start position determined at the time of design, and to allow the shutter blade to start running even after being used for a long period of time. To provide an improved shutter device and an electromagnetically driven shutter device whose position does not change, and an electromagnetically driven shutter device which is smaller, consumes less power, and can be operated at a higher speed than before. It is to provide.

[0011]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shutter device having a shutter blade and driving means for driving the shutter blade. A stopper which is provided directly at the travel start position of the shutter blade and regulates the movement of the shutter blade in the opposite direction to the travel direction, and a magnetic force is applied to the drive means, and the shutter blade is positioned at the travel start position. A magnetic urging means for applying an urging force to the shutter blade in a direction opposite to the running direction of the shutter blade when the shutter blade is running. Further, according to the invention described in claim 2 of the present application, a plurality of shutter blades, two arm members to which the plurality of shutter blades are pivotally connected to perform a parallel link motion, and a drive arm of one of the two arm members A driving unit for driving the member, wherein the shutter device directly receives the other support arm of the two arm members and is provided at a position corresponding to a traveling start position of the shutter blade. A stopper that regulates movement in a direction opposite to the direction, and a magnetic force that applies a magnetic force to the drive means and applies an urging force in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the shutter blade to the drive arm member when the shutter blade is located at the traveling start position. And an urging means. In other words, according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, the shutter blade itself or a member connected to the shutter blade is abutted against a stopper for determining the running start position of the shutter blade, so that the shutter blade can always be properly regulated. The travel start position of the shutter blade is not changed even if the use is repeated. According to the invention described in claim 3 of the present application, in the invention described in claim 1 or 2, the yoke forming the magnetic circuit, the rotor rotating with respect to the yoke, and the rotor for rotating this rotor are provided. Magnetic driving means for driving the rotor in a rotation direction corresponding to the direction opposite to the running direction of the shutter blades by using a driving means having a coil for generating a magnetic field of the type and attaching a magnetic member to the yoke. Is used. Claims 4 and 5 of the present application
In the invention described in (1), as the magnetic biasing means, a means for magnetically biasing the rotor in a rotation direction corresponding to a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the shutter blade by forming a hole or a joint in the yoke is used. I have. Further, according to the invention as set forth in claim 6 of the present application, in a shutter device including a shutter blade, an electromagnetic driving unit that drives the shutter blade, and a stopper in which the shutter blade is regulated at a travel completion position,
When the shutter blade is regulated by the stopper, a magnetic biasing unit for applying a magnetic force in a direction corresponding to the traveling direction of the shutter blade to the electromagnetic driving unit is provided, and even if the power supply to the electromagnetic driving unit is stopped, By applying an urging force in the traveling direction of the shutter blade to the shutter blade by the magnetic urging means, the shutter blade is held at the traveling completion position regulated by the stopper. That is, according to the present invention, the force for holding the shutter blade at the travel completion position can be generated without energizing the coil of the electromagnetic drive means. Further, in the invention described in claim 7 of the present application, the shutter blade, a driving unit that drives the shutter blade, and a regulating unit that regulates the movement of the shutter blade at the start position of the shutter blade in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of the shutter blade. In the shutter device having, the drive means, comprising a yoke forming a magnetic circuit, a rotor that rotates with respect to this yoke, and a coil that generates a magnetic field for rotating this rotor,
By attaching a magnetic member to this yoke, when the rotational position of the rotor is the rotational position corresponding to the running start position of the shutter blade, the rotor is magnetically moved in the rotational direction corresponding to the direction opposite to the running direction of the shutter blade. A first urging force is applied to the shutter blades in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the shutter blades, and when the rotation position of the rotor is the rotation position corresponding to the travel completion position of the shutter blades, the rotor is shuttered. Shutter blade urging means is provided for applying a second urging force in the running direction of the shutter blade to the shutter blade by magnetically urging in a rotation direction corresponding to the running direction of the blade. That is, in the present invention, the force for pressing the shutter blade or the member connected to the shutter blade against the stopper is not applied during the travel of the shutter blade. According to the invention described in claim 8 of the present application, in the invention described in claim 7,
The magnetic member is provided at a position where the first urging force is equal to the second urging force. In the invention according to claim 9 of the present application, in the invention according to claim 7, in order to positively use the second biasing force as a driving force for driving the shutter blades, the magnetic member may be used as the first member. Second than bias
Is provided at a position where the urging force becomes larger. According to the tenth and eleventh aspects of the present invention, instead of attaching the magnetic member to the yoke in the above-mentioned seventh aspect, a hole is formed in the yoke or a joint is formed in the yoke. And the first and second urging forces are obtained.

[0012]

[0013]

In the embodiment of the present invention described below, the force for holding the shutter blades at the traveling start position and the traveling completion position is generated by magnetic attraction force generating means provided near the both positions. This magnetic attraction can be generated irrespective of the energization of the coil of the electromagnetic drive source (without power consumption).

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First Embodiment First, a mechanical structure of a shutter blade driving mechanism of a focal plane shutter device according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the apparatus of the present embodiment. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 12 denotes a shutter base plate, 13 denotes a cover plate, and 6 denotes a partition plate. I have. An aperture window 12a for photographing is provided in the center of the shutter base plate 12, an aperture window 6a is provided in the center of the partition plate 6 as shown in FIG. 2, and an aperture window 13a is provided in the cover plate 13. ing. In the space between the shutter base plate 12 and the partition plate 6, three shutter blades 9 to 11 constituting the rear curtain of the shutter are arranged, and on the surface of the partition plate 6 facing the shutter base plate 12, the shutter blades 9 to 11 are disposed. A stopper 6c (corresponding to the stopper according to the first aspect, corresponding to the restricting means according to the seventh, tenth, and eleventh aspects) for positioning the position 11 at the traveling start position is protrudingly provided. In the space between the partition plate 6 and the cover plate 13, three shutter blades 3 to 5 constituting a shutter first curtain are arranged, and on the surface of the partition plate 6 facing the cover plate 13, the shutter blades are provided. A stopper (corresponding to the stopper according to claim 1, which corresponds to the regulating means according to claims 7, 10, and 11) 6 b for positioning 3 to 5 at the traveling start position is protrudingly provided.

FIG. 2 shows the partition plate 6, the shutter blades and a part of the shutter blade drive mechanism (not shown in FIG. 1) of FIG. 1 by removing the shutter base plate 12 and the cover plate 13 from the shutter device. It is the figure seen from the right side.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a front curtain drive arm which is rotatable about a support shaft 1a (an axis supported by a shutter base plate or the like), and the arm 1 constitutes a front curtain. The shutter blades 3-5 are pivotally mounted via first pins 3a, 4a, 5a protruding from the shutter blades 3-5. A pin (not shown) projecting from a not-shown front curtain drive lever is fitted into a pin hole 1b penetrating through the arm 1 so as to be relatively rotatable. 1a, the arm 1
Are rotated about the support shaft 1a.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a front curtain support arm which is rotatable about a support shaft 2a (an axis also supported by a shutter base plate or the like), and the arm 2 has a first curtain protruding from shutter blades 3 to 5. Shutter blades 3 to 5 are pivotally mounted via two pins 3b, 4b, 5b. The arm 2 and the arm 1 form a parallel link, and the shutter blades 3 to 5 are supported by the two arms in a parallel state.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a rear curtain drive arm which is rotatable around a support shaft 7a (a shaft supported by a shutter base plate or the like). The arm 7 has three shutter blades constituting a rear curtain. First pins 9a and 10 projecting from 9 to 11
The shutter blades 9 to 11 are pivotally mounted via a and 11a. A pin (not shown) projecting from a rear curtain drive lever (not shown) is fitted in a pin hole 7b penetrating through the arm 7 so as to be relatively rotatable.
, The arm 7 is turned about the support shaft 7a by turning about the support shaft 7a.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a rear curtain support arm which is rotatable about a support shaft 8a (an axis supported by a shutter base plate or the like). The arm 8 has second arms protruding from shutter blades 9 to 11. The shutter blades 9 to 11 are pivotally mounted via pins 9b, 10b, and 11b. The arm 8 and the arm 7 form a parallel link, and the shutter blades 9 to 11 are supported by the arms 8 and 9 in a state of being parallel to each other.

A not-shown first-curtain drive lever having a pin engaged with the pin hole 1b of the first-curtain drive arm 1 rotates the first-curtain drive arm 1 clockwise about the support shaft 1a in FIG. It is rotated by an electromagnetic drive source (not shown) so as to move.

A rear curtain drive lever (not shown) having a pin engaged with a pin hole 7b of the rear curtain drive arm 7 also rotates the rear curtain drive arm 7 about the support shaft 7a clockwise in FIG. It is rotated by an electromagnetic drive source (not shown) so as to rotate.

When the front curtain drive arm 1 is rotated clockwise by the front curtain drive lever after the exposure is completed, the pivot pins 3a, 4
A upward force is applied to the shutter blades 3 to 5 via the pivot pins 3b, 4b and 5b, whereby the front curtain support arm 2 is also rotated clockwise about the support shaft 2a via the pivot pins 3b, 4b and 5b. As a result, the shutter blades 3 to 5 are moved (upward in FIG. 2) from the traveling completion position to the traveling start position (the position depicted in FIG. 2). When the shutter blade 3 hits the stopper 6b, the movement of the shutter blade 3 stops. However, the front curtain driving arm 1 is further rotated clockwise about the support shaft 1a by the front curtain driving lever, so In the moving process, the backlash at the fitting portion between the pins 3a, 4a, 5a of the shutter blades 3 to 5 and the pin holes of the arm 1 is absorbed, and the pins 3b, 4b, 5b of the shutter blades 3 to 5 Fitting play at the fitting portion of the front curtain support arm 2 with the pin hole is absorbed.
Then, when these fitting play is eliminated, the rotation of the front curtain driving arm 1 stops. Therefore, the shutter blades 3 to 5 are positioned at the traveling start position in a state where the backlash of the pivotally connected portion with the front curtain driving arm 1 and the front curtain supporting arm 2 is eliminated.

The front curtain drive lever has a shutter blade travel start position holding force for urging the arm 1 clockwise about the support shaft 1a only when the shutter blades 3 to 5 are near the travel start position. Is acting, and the shutter blade 3 is pressed against the stopper 6b by the holding force.

On the other hand, the three shutter blades 9 to 11 constituting the rear curtain are also returned to the shutter blade running start position by the same operation as the front curtain driving mechanism after the exposure is completed.

That is, when the trailing-curtain driving arm 7 is rotated clockwise by a trailing-curtain driving lever (not shown) after the exposure, an upward force is applied to the shutter blades 9 to 11 via the pivot pins 9a, 10a, and 11a. As a result, the rear curtain support arm 8 is also rotated clockwise about the support shaft 8a via the pivot pins 9b, 10b, and 11b.
The shutter blades 9 to 11 are moved upward from the traveling completion position to the traveling start position (the position depicted in FIG. 2). Then, the shutter blades 9 to 11 are
c, the movement of the shutter blades 9 to 11 stops, but since the rear curtain drive arm 7 is further rotated clockwise, the pins 9a, 10a, 11a of the shutter blades 9 to 11 and The play at the fitting portion of the arm 7 with the pin hole is absorbed, and the play at the fitting portion of the pins 9b, 10b, 11b of the shutter blades 9 to 11 with the pin hole of the rear curtain support lever 8 is reduced. Absorbed. Then, the rotation of the rear curtain drive arm 7 stops when these play are eliminated. Therefore, the shutter blade 9
11 to 11 are also positioned at the traveling start position in a state where there is no play in the pivotally connected portion between the rear curtain drive arm 7 and the rear curtain support arm 8 and the shutter blades 9 to 11.

The rear curtain drive lever has a shutter blade running start position holding force for urging the arm 7 clockwise about the support shaft 7a only when the shutter blades 9 to 11 are near the running start position. The shutter blades 9 to 11 are pressed against the stopper 6c by the holding force.

Further, in the shutter device of the present invention, the rear curtain drive arm 7 is provided only when the shutter blades 9 to 11 are at the traveling completion position (the lowest position in FIG. 2).
The shutter blade travel completion position holding force for urging the front curtain drive arm 1 counterclockwise in FIG. 2 around the respective support shafts 7a and 1a is the drive lever (not shown).
Therefore, when the shutter blades 9 to 11 are at the travel completion position, the shutter blades 3 to 5 and the shutter blades 9 to 11 are actuated by the shutter blade travel completion position holding force when the shutter blades 9 to 11 are at the travel completion position. 11
Is held at the traveling completion position.

In the shutter device of this embodiment, the holding force acts on the front curtain driving arm and the rear curtain driving arm only at the shutter blade traveling start position and the shutter blade traveling completed position. The holding force in the direction that hinders the travel of the shutter blades does not act on the two arms at the shutter blade travel position except for the vicinity of (1).

In the electromagnetically driven shutter device of the present embodiment, the above-described shutter blade travel start position holding force and shutter blade travel completion position holding force are generated by an electromagnetic drive source.

Next, an embodiment of an electromagnetic drive source for driving the above-mentioned shutter blade drive mechanism will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 3 shows an electromagnetic driving source (magnet rotor type rotary actuator: driving means according to claims 1 to 5, 7, 10, 11) for applying a driving force to the driving lever (not shown). FIG. 17 is a front view of the electromagnetic drive means 20). In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a cylindrical yoke forming a magnetic circuit together with a permanent magnet rotor to be described later;
2 is a columnar permanent magnet rotor (hereinafter simply abbreviated as a rotor) rotatably housed in the yoke 21;
Reference numeral 3 denotes a drive shaft integrally fixed to the rotor 22.
The drive shaft 23 is connected to one end of the shaft so as to swing a drive lever (not shown).

14A and 14B are bobbins 15A, respectively.
And 15B, the coils 14A and 1
4B is stationaryly disposed in an annular space formed between the yoke 21 and the rotor 22.

16A and 16B are magnetic pieces for generating the above-mentioned shutter blade travel start position holding force and shutter blade travel completion position holding force. The magnetic pieces 16A and 16B are attached to the yoke 2 so as to restrain the rotor 22 at the shutter blade travel start position and the shutter blade travel completion position as described later.
1 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the installation positions of the magnetic pieces 16A and 16B and the rotation range of the rotor 22 (the operating range of the rotor 22 corresponding to the shutter blade travel range). In the figure, the rotation angle range described as “operation range” is a rotation angle range in which the maximum magnetic flux density region of the rotor 22 rotates corresponding to the travel range of the shutter blade,
"Magnetic material range" means the magnetic pieces 16A and 16B and the rotor 2
2 is an effective range of the magnetic attraction force effective to hold the rotor 22 at the start position or the stop position.

The "start position" is the rotation start position of the rotor 22 corresponding to the shutter blade travel start position, and the "stop position" is the rotation end position of the rotor 22 corresponding to the shutter blade travel completion position.

Next, the operation of the shutter blades in the above-described shutter drive mechanism and the action between the rotor 22 and the magnetic pieces 16A and 16B will be described with reference to FIGS.

When the shutter blade is positioned at the traveling start position, the rotor 22 of the electromagnetic drive source 20 is in the state shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and the N pole of the rotor 22 and the magnetic piece 16B
Between the S pole and the magnetic piece 16
A magnetic attraction is acting between A and A. Therefore, rotor 2
2, a clockwise rotating force acts on the shutter blades 2 and 3 so that the shutter blades 3 to 5 and the shutter blades 9 to 11
2, an upward force acts on the shutter blades in FIG. 2, and the shutter blades are pressed against the stoppers 6b and 6c. At this time, since the distance between the peak point of the magnetic flux density of the rotor 22 and the magnetic pieces 16A and 16B is minimum, the magnetic attraction force is maximum. Next, when power is supplied to the coils 14A and 14B to start exposure, an electromagnetic force is generated between the coil and the rotor 22 according to Fleming's left hand rule, and the rotor 22 is driven by the electromagnetic force.
3 and 4, the shutter blades 3-5 and 9-11 run downward in FIG. 2 by the drive shaft 23 via the drive arm described above. Due to the rotation of the rotor 22, the distance between the N pole of the rotor 22 and the magnetic piece 16B increases, and at the same time, the distance between the S pole of the rotor and the magnetic piece 16A increases.
The magnetic attraction between the magnetic piece 2 and the magnetic piece suddenly weakens,
Therefore, during the travel of the shutter blade, the suction force does not impose any load on the shutter blade driving mechanism, and the shutter blade can travel at high speed with a small driving force. This magnetic attraction force is applied to the N pole of the rotor 22 and the S pole.
The peak point of the magnetic flux density of the pole becomes zero at the center of the operating range of the rotor, after which the magnetic attraction begins to act between the N pole of the rotor 22 and the magnetic piece 16A, and the S pole and Magnetic attraction begins to act between the magnetic piece 16B. This magnetic attraction force becomes a torque for rotating the counterclockwise direction 22 and acts as a driving force for driving the shutter blades in the running direction. Then, when the rotor 22 continues to rotate further and the drive lever (not shown) collides with a stopper (corresponding to a stopper according to claim 6), the shutter blade reaches the travel completion position. At this time, the distance between the peak point of the magnetic flux density of the rotor 22 and the magnetic pieces 16A and 16B is minimized, and the attractive force is maximized again. Thereafter, even if the energization of the coils 14A and 14B is stopped and the electromagnetic force to the rotor 22 is turned off, the rotor 22 remains at the position corresponding to the shutter blade travel completion position due to the magnetic attraction between the magnetic pieces 16A and 16B. , And the shutter blade is also held at the traveling completion position. Therefore, in this state, long-time exposure is possible in a camera or the like, and the shutter device of the present invention does not energize the electromagnetic drive source, and no matter how long the exposure is continued, failure of the shutter device or battery exhaustion occurs. There is no danger of occurrence.

When returning the shutter blades from the traveling completion position to the traveling start position, the direction of current supply to the coils 14A and 14B of the electromagnetic drive source is switched to the opposite direction to the previous direction, and the rotor 22 is turned in the opposite direction to the previous time. Is rotated. Also in this case, after the rotor 22 escapes from the magnetic holding force range near the shutter blade travel completion corresponding position, the rotor 22 rotates independently of the magnetic holding force until the shutter blade travel start corresponding position, and the rotor 22 responds to the shutter blade travel start corresponding position. Near the position, it again enters the magnetic holding force range.

<Embodiment 2> FIG. 5 shows a modification of the electromagnetic drive source 20. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the fixing positions of the magnetic pieces 16A and 16B are different from those in the first embodiment. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the magnetic pieces (corresponding to the magnetic members) 16A and 16B of the rotor 22 in the state corresponding to the shutter blade traveling start position are different from those of the first embodiment. It is provided at a position moved more clockwise than the case. By arranging both magnetic pieces 16A and 16B in this manner,
The "attraction force toward the traveling completion position" is set larger than the "attraction force toward the traveling start position". That is, in the present embodiment, the magnetic attraction force between the N pole of the rotor 22 and the magnetic piece 16A and the magnetic attraction force between the S pole of the rotor 22 and the magnetic piece 16B are shown in FIG. (Rotational angle range of the rotor 22) from the traveling start position side more than the center position, and as a part of the driving force when moving the shutter blade from the traveling start position to the traveling completed position. It is characterized in that the magnetic attractive force can be used positively. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the speed of the shutter blades can be made higher than in the first embodiment, and the magnetic attraction force at the traveling completion position is large, so that the effect of preventing the shutter blades from jumping at this position is also increased.

<Embodiment 3> FIG. 6 shows another modification of the electromagnetic drive source. In this embodiment, two cylindrical projections 24a and 24b are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 24 in place of the above-described magnetic pieces 16A and 16B, and the magnetic pieces (that is, the magnetic flux inflow portion and the magnetic flux Outflow section).

<Embodiment 4> FIG. 7 shows another modification of the electromagnetic drive source. In the present embodiment, a longitudinal groove (corresponding to a hole portion according to claims 4 and 10) is formed on the peripheral wall surface of the yoke 25 in a direction parallel to the axial direction.
The vertical grooves 5a and 25b are provided so that the vertical grooves function as the above-described magnetic pieces.

<Embodiment 5> FIG. 8 is a view showing a modification of the yoke of the electromagnetic drive source. In this embodiment, the yoke 26 is connected to the clinch portion 26a.
And 26b, the clinch portion 2
The gaps at the joints 6a and 26b (corresponding to the joints of claims 5 and 11) have the same function as the magnetic piece. That is, the magnetic flux flowing through the magnetic circuit formed in the yoke 26 causes the yoke 2
6 and the same effect as provided by the magnetic piece can be obtained.

<Embodiment 6> FIG. 9 shows another modification of the electromagnetic drive source. In this embodiment, the magnetic pieces 16A and 16B are provided at the end of the yoke 21. Therefore, the diameter of the yoke 21 is small,
This example can be applied when A and 16B cannot be installed in the yoke 21.

The electromagnetic drive source may be of a linear movement type (that is, a linear motor type or a solenoid type).

<Embodiment 7> FIG. 10 shows still another embodiment relating to the shutter blade driving mechanism of the shutter device of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 23 denotes a drive shaft of the electromagnetic drive source, 27 denotes the drive lever having one end fixed to the drive shaft 23, 28 denotes a magnet fixed to the drive lever 27, 16A and 16B denote the magnetic pieces, 27a is a pin protruding from the lever 27, and 29 is a guide groove provided on a structural member (not shown). The magnetic pieces 16A and 16B are arranged at both ends of the rotation angle range of the drive lever 27 (that is, at positions corresponding to the travel start position and the travel completion position of the shutter blade).

When the tip of the drive lever 27 is at the position corresponding to the start of travel of the shutter blades as shown in FIG.
Is attracted toward the magnetic piece 16B by the magnetic attraction force acting between the magnetic piece 16B and the magnetic piece 16B, and the lever 27 is held at the shutter blade traveling start position. When the drive shaft 23 is rotated clockwise, the pin 27a of the drive lever 27 is also rotated clockwise, and the magnet 28 and the magnetic piece 16B are rotated.
When the magnet 28 comes out of the range of the attractive force with the magnetic member (claim 7), the load on the drive lever 27 is only the shutter blade and its drive arm. And drive lever 2
When the tip of the slider 7 approaches the magnetic piece 16A (that is, the position corresponding to the completion of the shutter blade travel), a magnetic attraction force between the magnet 28 and the magnetic piece 16A starts to act, and the pin 27a of the drive lever 27 at the position corresponding to the completion of the shutter blade travel. Is an end face of the guide groove 29 (corresponding to a stopper according to claim 6).
When a collision occurs, the rotation of the drive shaft 23 is stopped and the rotation of the lever 27 is stopped. At this time, the magnet 28 and the magnetic piece (corresponding to the magnetic biasing means according to claim 6 and the magnetic member according to claim 7) The magnetic attraction force between the lever 27A and the lever 16A is maximized, and the tip of the lever 27 is held at a position corresponding to the completion of the shutter blade travel by this magnetic attraction force. Therefore, in this state, even if the power supply to the coil of the electromagnetic drive source is stopped, the drive lever 27 does not return to the position corresponding to the start of the shutter blade travel.

<Eighth Embodiment> FIGS. 11 and 12 show a modification of the shutter blade driving mechanism.

In this embodiment, instead of providing a traveling start position stopper for the shutter blade, the front curtain support arm 2 and the rear curtain support arm 8 (both of which correspond to the arm member according to claim 2) are shuttered. A stopper for positioning the blade at the position corresponding to the start of blade travel is provided on the cover plate 13 and the shutter base plate 12, and engagement portions for engaging with the stopper are provided on the front curtain support arm 2 and the rear curtain support arm 8. That is, as shown in FIGS.
A groove 13c is formed in the surface of the cover plate 13, and an end face of the groove 13c is used as a stopper 13b (corresponding to a stopper according to claim 2 and a regulating means according to claims 7, 10, and 11). The engaging portion 2b is provided as a standing bend at the center of the front curtain support arm 2 so that the arm 2 is stopped at a position corresponding to the start of the shutter blade travel. A stopper 12b (corresponding to a stopper according to claim 2 and a regulating means according to claims 7, 10, and 11) for stopping the rear curtain support arm 8 at a position corresponding to the start of shutter blade travel is provided on the shutter base plate 12. The arm 8 is stopped at a position corresponding to the start of travel of the shutter blades by providing an engaging portion 8b that engages with the stopper 12b at a central portion of the rear curtain support arm 8 as a bent portion.

The configuration shown in FIG. 11 will be described if it is the same as the structure of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 except for the structure for positioning the front curtain support arm 2 and the rear curtain support arm 8. Is omitted.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12, the operation of each part when positioning the shutter blades 3 to 5 and 9 to 11 at the respective traveling start positions will be described.

An unillustrated front curtain drive lever (for example, as shown in FIG. 10) having one end fixed to the drive shaft of an unillustrated electromagnetic drive source (which may be that shown in FIGS. 3 and 4). 10 (for example, a pin 27a shown in FIG. 10) is fitted into the pin hole 1b of the front curtain drive arm 1, and the shutter blades 3 to
When returning the carriage 5 to the running start position, the electromagnetic drive source applies an upward force in FIG. 11 to the pin hole 1b of the leading shutter drive arm 1 via the drive lever. For this reason, the arm 1 is rotated clockwise about the support shaft 1a, the shutter blades 3 to 5 are moved upward in FIG. 11, and the front curtain support arm 2 also moves the support shaft 2a through the shutter blade. It is rotated clockwise as the center. And the front curtain support arm 2
The rotation of the arm 2 is stopped when the engaging portion 2b of the arm comes into contact with the stopper 13b of the cover plate 13, but the driving force is still applied to the front curtain driving arm 1 from the front curtain driving lever. Therefore, the arm 1 is further rotated clockwise even after the arm 2 stops. In this rotation process, the play of fitting between the pin hole of the arm 1 and the pin 3a of the shutter blade 3, the play of fitting between the pin hole of the front curtain support arm 2 and the pin 3b of the shutter blade 3, and the shutter blade 4 Between the pin 4a of the arm 1 and the pin hole of the arm 1, the play of the pin 4b of the shutter blade 4 and the pin hole of the arm 2, and the pin 5a of the shutter blade 5 and the pin hole of the arm 1. Fitting play, fitting play between the pin 5b of the shutter blade 5 and the pin hole of the arm 2 and the like are absorbed, and after these play disappears, the arm 1 is stopped.

The same operation as described above is performed in the rear curtain drive mechanism. That is, when a rear curtain drive lever (not shown) having one end fixed to the drive shaft of the electromagnetic drive source is rotated clockwise by the electromagnetic drive source, after the protrusion pin of the lever is fitted, Since an upward force is applied to the pin hole 7b of the curtain drive arm 7 in FIG.
Is rotated clockwise about the support shaft 7a. As a result, the shutter blades 9 to 11 are moved upward, and the rear curtain support arm 8 is rotated clockwise about the support shaft 8a via the shutter blades. Be moved. When the engaging portion 8b of the arm 8 comes into contact with the stopper 12b of the shutter base plate 12, the rotation of the arm 8 is stopped, but the driving force is still applied to the rear curtain driving arm 7 from the rear curtain driving lever. The arm 7 is further rotated clockwise. In this rotation process, the play at the pin connection between the arm 7 and the shutter blades 9 to 11 and the play at the pin connection between the arm 8 and the shutter blades 9 to 11 are absorbed. After the backlash disappears, the arm 7 is stopped.

Therefore, backlash or a pin between the shutter blades 9 to 11 and the rear curtain driving arm 7 and the rear curtain supporting arm 8 at the pin connection portion between the shutter blades 3 to 5 and the front curtain driving arm 1 and the front curtain supporting arm 2 are provided. The front curtain support arm 2 and the rear curtain support arm 8 are abutted against the respective stoppers 13b and 12b in a state in which the backlash at the connection portion is removed, so that the initial position of each of the arms 2 and 8 and the shutter blades 3 to 5 are set. The initial positions of the shutter blades 9 to 11 correspond one-to-one with no error, and the running start position of the shutter blades can always be kept at a constant position.

In this embodiment, the first holding force generating means for holding the shutter blade at the travel start position and the second holding force generating means for holding the shutter blade at the travel completion position are also provided. It is needless to say that by providing the means, the suction force can be applied to the shutter blade only in the vicinity of the traveling start position and in the vicinity of the traveling completed position.

In this embodiment, the stopper for the front curtain support arm 2 and the stopper for the rear curtain support arm 8 are provided on the cover plate 13 and the shutter base plate 12, but the stopper is attached to any structural member. Of course, it may be provided.

In the above-described embodiment, the constituent materials of the stopper and the engaging portion are not illustrated. However, the stopper, the engaging portion or the rotating portion may be provided with an impact absorbing means. By providing the shock absorbing means in the above-mentioned portion, it is possible to improve the durability of the shutter mechanism and maintain the accuracy.

[0060]

As described above, the first to fifth aspects of the present invention are described below.
In the shutter device of the invention described in the above, the shutter blade itself or an arm member coupled to the shutter blade,
Since the travel start position of the shutter blade is determined by abutting against a stopper provided at the travel start position, the travel start position of the shutter blade does not fluctuate even when the number of times of use of the shutter device is repeated, and is high. Shutter accuracy can be maintained for a long time, and a shutter device with higher accuracy and higher speed than a conventional shutter device can be realized. In the shutter device according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, even if the power supply to the electromagnetic drive unit is stopped,
A magnetic urging means for holding the shutter blade at the travel completion position by the urging force is provided, and the shutter device according to the invention of claims 7, 8, 10, and 11 of the present invention moves the shutter blade at the travel start position and the travel completion position. Since the shutter blade urging means for applying the magnetic urging force to the shutter blade only in the direction of hitting the stopper provided at each position is provided, it is possible to reduce the size and power consumption of the electromagnetic driving means for driving the shutter blade. Not only that, it is also possible to realize higher accuracy and prevention of failure of the shutter device, prevention of occurrence of jumping of the shutter blade at the position where the traveling is completed, power saving during long-time exposure, and the like. Furthermore, in the invention described in claim 9 of the present application, the shutter blade urging means is provided at a position where the traveling direction urging force (second urging force) is larger than the opposite direction urging force (first urging force). The driving direction urging force can also be positively used as the driving force for driving the shutter blades.

Further, since the shutter device of the present invention can be constructed by providing only a few additional parts to the components of the conventional shutter device, it is inexpensive, and there is no possibility of significant cost increase.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a schematic structure of a shutter blade drive mechanism of a shutter device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the structure shown in FIG. 1 with a shutter base plate 12 and a cover plate 13 removed and viewed from the right side of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a first embodiment of an electromagnetic drive source used as a drive source for shutter blades in the shutter device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view for explaining a relationship between a shutter blade traveling start position holding force generating means and a shutter blade traveling completion position holding force generating means in the electromagnetic drive source shown in FIG. 3 and a rotor of the electromagnetic drive source.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a modified embodiment of the electromagnetic drive source.

FIG. 6 is a view showing an embodiment relating to a yoke of an electromagnetic drive source and the holding force generating means.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an embodiment relating to a yoke of an electromagnetic drive source and the holding force generating means.

FIG. 8 is a view showing an embodiment relating to a yoke of an electromagnetic drive source and the holding force generating means.

FIG. 9 is a view showing another embodiment relating to an electromagnetic drive source and the holding force generating means.

FIG. 10 is a view showing still another embodiment relating to the holding force generating means.

FIG. 11 is a front view of a second embodiment relating to a shutter blade drive source mechanism of the shutter device of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a structural example of a shutter blade traveling start position stopper in the shutter blade driving mechanism shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Front curtain drive arm 2 ... Front curtain support arm 3-5 ... Shutter blade 6 ... Partition plate 7 ... Rear curtain drive arm 8 ... Rear curtain support arm 9-11 ... Shutter blade 12 ... Shutter base plate 13 ... Cover plate 6b, 6c ...
Stopper 14A, 14B ... coil 15A, 15
B: bobbin 16A, 16B: magnetic piece 20: electromagnetic drive source 21: yoke 22: permanent magnet rotor 23: drive shaft 24, 25,
26: Yoke 24a, 24b: Cylindrical projection 25a, 25
b: vertical groove 26a, 26b: clinch portion 27: drive lever 27a: pin 28: permanent magnet 29: guide groove

Claims (11)

(57) [Claims] 1. A shutter device having a shutter blade and driving means for driving the shutter blade, wherein the shutter device directly receives the shutter blade, the shutter device is provided at a travel start position of the shutter blade, and includes a shutter blade. A stopper for restricting movement in the direction opposite to the running direction; and a magnetic force applied to the drive means. When the shutter blade is located at a running start position, an urging force in a direction opposite to the running direction of the shutter blade is applied to the shutter. A shutter device having a magnetic biasing means for giving the blades; 2. A plurality of shutter blades, two arm members to which the plurality of shutter blades are pivotally connected to perform a parallel link motion, and a driving means for driving one of the two arm members. A shutter device that directly receives the other support arm member of the two arm members and is provided at a position corresponding to a running start position of the shutter blade, and is opposite to a running direction of the shutter blade. A stopper for restricting the movement of the shutter blade in the direction in which the shutter blade moves, and a magnetic force for applying a magnetic force to the drive arm member in a direction opposite to the running direction of the shutter blade when the shutter blade is located at the running start position. A shutter device having an urging means. 3. The magnetic urging means, wherein the driving means has a yoke forming a magnetic circuit, a rotor rotating with respect to the yoke, and a coil generating a magnetic field for rotating the rotor. The shutter according to claim 1, wherein a magnetic member is attached to the yoke to magnetically urge the rotor in a rotation direction corresponding to a direction opposite to a running direction of the shutter blade. apparatus. 4. The magnetic energizing means includes: a yoke forming a magnetic circuit; a rotor rotating with respect to the yoke; and a coil generating a magnetic field for rotating the rotor. The shutter according to claim 1, wherein a hole is formed in the yoke to magnetically urge the rotor in a rotation direction corresponding to a direction opposite to a traveling direction of the shutter blade. 4. apparatus. 5. The driving means includes a yoke forming a magnetic circuit, a rotor rotating with respect to the yoke, and a coil generating a magnetic field for rotating the rotor. The shutter according to claim 1, wherein a seam portion is formed in the yoke to magnetically urge the rotor in a rotation direction corresponding to a direction opposite to a running direction of the shutter blade. 4. apparatus. 6. A shutter device having a shutter blade, electromagnetic driving means for driving the shutter blade, and a stopper for restricting the shutter blade at a travel completion position, wherein the shutter blade is restricted by the stopper. At this time, a magnetic biasing means for applying a magnetic force in a direction corresponding to a traveling direction of the shutter blade to the electromagnetic driving means is provided, and even if the power supply to the electromagnetic driving means is stopped, the magnetic biasing means is used. A shutter device, wherein a biasing force in a traveling direction of the shutter blade is applied to the shutter blade to hold the shutter blade at a traveling completion position regulated by the stopper. 7. A shutter device comprising: a shutter blade; a driving unit that drives the shutter blade; and a restricting unit that restricts movement of the shutter blade at a traveling start position in a direction opposite to a traveling direction of the shutter blade. The driving means includes a yoke forming a magnetic circuit, a rotor rotating with respect to the yoke, and a coil generating a magnetic field for rotating the rotor, and a magnetic member is attached to the yoke. In the case where the rotational position of the rotor is a rotational position corresponding to the traveling start position of the shutter blade, the rotor is magnetically biased in a rotational direction corresponding to a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the shutter blade to perform the magnetic bias. A first urging force in a direction opposite to a traveling direction of the shutter blade is applied to the shutter blade, and the rotational position of the rotor is When the rotor is at the rotation position corresponding to the travel completion position of the shutter blade, the rotor is magnetically biased in a rotation direction corresponding to the travel direction of the shutter blade to generate a second biasing force in the travel direction of the shutter blade. A shutter device comprising a shutter blade urging means for applying the shutter blade to the shutter blade. 8. The shutter device according to claim 7, wherein the magnetic member is provided at a position where the first urging force and the second urging force are equal. 9. The shutter device according to claim 7, wherein the magnetic member is provided at a position where the second urging force is larger than the first urging force. 10. A shutter device comprising: a shutter blade; a driving unit that drives the shutter blade; and a restricting unit that restricts movement of the shutter blade at a traveling start position in a direction opposite to a traveling direction of the shutter blade. The driving means includes a yoke forming a magnetic circuit;
A rotor that rotates with respect to the yoke; and a coil that generates a magnetic field for rotating the rotor. By forming a hole in the yoke, the rotational position of the rotor starts moving the shutter blades. When the rotor is in the rotational position corresponding to the position, the rotor is magnetically biased in a rotational direction corresponding to a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the shutter blades, and the first rotor is rotated in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the shutter blades. A force is applied to the shutter blades, and when the rotational position of the rotor is a rotational position corresponding to the travel completion position of the shutter blades, the rotor is magnetically biased in a rotational direction corresponding to the traveling direction of the shutter blades. And a shutter blade urging means for applying a second urging force in the running direction of the shutter blade to the shutter blade. Yatta apparatus. 11. A shutter device comprising: a shutter blade; a driving unit that drives the shutter blade; and a restricting unit that restricts movement of the shutter blade at a traveling start position in a direction opposite to a traveling direction of the shutter blade. The driving means includes a yoke forming a magnetic circuit;
A rotor that rotates with respect to the yoke; and a coil that generates a magnetic field for rotating the rotor. By forming a joint portion in the yoke, the rotational position of the rotor starts moving the shutter blades. When the rotor is in the rotational position corresponding to the position, the rotor is magnetically biased in a rotational direction corresponding to a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the shutter blades, and the first rotor is rotated in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the shutter blades. A force is applied to the shutter blades, and when the rotational position of the rotor is a rotational position corresponding to the travel completion position of the shutter blades, the rotor is magnetically biased in a rotational direction corresponding to the traveling direction of the shutter blades. And a shutter blade urging means for applying a second urging force in the running direction of the shutter blade to the shutter blade. Shutter devices.