JP2842499B2 - Loading device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a loading device and, more particularly, to a loading device capable of preventing a product loaded on a pallet from collapsing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 7 is a front view showing a state in which products are loaded on a conventional pallet. In the figure, 1 is a pallet,
2 is a product loaded on the pallet 1. Conventionally, a plurality of products 2 are stacked on a pallet 1. At this time, when a plurality of types of products 2 having different shapes and sizes are stacked on a single pallet 1, the products 2 of each stage are usually loaded. Are loaded on the pallet 1 so that they do not protrude from the pallet 1 and near the center.

Therefore, when transporting a plurality of pallets 1 loaded with a plurality of types of products 2 by a plurality of trucks or the like, there is a concern that the cargo may collapse. That is, even if a plurality of pallets 1 are arranged in contact with each other as shown in FIG. 7, the products on the pallets 1 are stacked closer to the center of the pallets 1 as they move upward, so that there is a gap between the products 2. The product 2 moves at an acceleration due to the starting and stopping of the truck, sometimes causing collapse of the load, and in some cases, the product 2 may be damaged.

Therefore, in order to eliminate such a drawback, when products 2 are stacked on the pallet 1 in a plurality of stages, for example, the outermost line of the products 2 in the lower stage is made to travel from the pallet 1, and
It has been proposed that the outermost sides of the products 2 in each stage be stacked on the same surface. As a technique related to this type of conventional loading apparatus, there is a technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-52807.

[0005]

However, even in the conventional loading device as described above, depending on the type of the product 2 or a shipping command, a plurality of types of shapes and sizes different from one another on the pallet 1 can be obtained. Product 2 was sometimes loaded. In such a case, since the products 2 to be loaded near the center exist in the vicinity of the uppermost stage, there is an accident that the truck 2 moves or falls due to acceleration / deceleration of a truck or the like during transportation. On the other hand, another prior art is disclosed in JP-A-4-327425.
There is a technology described in Japanese Patent Publication No. The technology described in this publication is
When loading cargo or different types of cargo across multiple destinations on a valet, determine the cutting order in advance and convey it on a conveyor, and pallets or already loaded cargo that are cut out by a conveyor. In the loading method for specifying the above loading position, the loading position and direction are calculated in advance in the computer section, input to the hot melt spraying device and operated in conjunction with each other, and the hot melt is sprayed on a pallet or already loaded baggage. By specifying the stowage position, the most efficient stowage is selected according to the type, number and pallet of the luggage, and taking into account the stowage conditions, the load on the limited space on the pallet is maintained. It can be stowed accurately. However, the hot melt spraying device injects the hot melt onto the pallet or on the already loaded luggage, marks the loading position, performs efficient loading, and keeps the limited space on the pallet without collapse. Although the hot-melt is properly loaded, the hot-melt is sprayed onto the pallet or the already-loaded luggage, so that there is a possibility that the hot-melt particles may be sucked into the worker.

Accordingly, the present invention enables a plurality of types of products having different shapes and sizes to be stacked on a pallet in a plurality of stages so that a load does not collapse during transportation or the like. Another object of the present invention is to provide a loading device that can maintain the health of workers.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a loading apparatus for supplying a product for loading to a predetermined position, and a predetermined portion of the product for loading in the product supplying means. Adhesive application means for applying an adhesive to, and loading means for loading the product after the adhesive application on a pallet,
A control unit that controls the adhesive application unit and the loading unit according to a loading order and a loading pattern obtained by specifying a product to which the adhesive is to be applied, specifying an adhesive application surface, and applying the application form from shipping information. Is what you do.

[0008]

In the loading apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the specification of the product to which the adhesive is to be applied, the specification of the adhesive application surface, and the application form are calculated according to the loading order and the loading pattern obtained from the shipping information. Since the adhesive is applied to a predetermined portion of the product and the product after the adhesive is loaded on the pallet, the pallet is taken into consideration while considering the loading order and the loading position of the loaded products to be loaded on the pallet. The adjacent stacked products can be joined with a small amount of adhesive, and the entire stacked products can be efficiently integrated.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. <First Embodiment> FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram illustrating a loading device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block configuration diagram illustrating a control mechanism of the loading device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is. In the figure, the same reference numerals and symbols as those of the above-mentioned conventional example indicate the same or corresponding components as those of the above-mentioned conventional example. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes shipping information indicating the type and number of products 2 to be loaded on an empty pallet 1, reference numeral 12 denotes a loading control device for comprehensively controlling the operation of the loading device, reference numeral 13 denotes loading command means, and reference numeral 14 denotes a loading instruction device. Is a product transfer command means for outputting a transfer command for the product 2 to be loaded, 15 is an adhesive application command means for outputting an adhesive application command, 16 is a pallet transfer command means for outputting a transfer command for the pallet 1, 1
7 is a control unit for controlling the drive of the product transport conveyor, 18 is a control unit for controlling the operation of the adhesive application device, 19 is a control unit for controlling the drive of the pallet transport conveyor, and 20 is a control for controlling the drive of the loading robot. , 21 is a product transport conveyor that supplies the product 2 to a predetermined position, 22 is an adhesive application device that applies an adhesive to the product 2, and 23 is an empty pallet 1
, A loading robot for loading the products 2, and a service area 25 for the loading robot 24.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 26 denotes a computer which forms the center of the loading controller 12, a CPU (central processing unit) 26a, a read-only ROM (read only memory) 26b storing various control programs and the like,
It is constituted by a readable and writable RAM (random access memory) 26c in which various data and the like are stored.
Reference numeral 27 denotes an input / output port for transmitting and receiving various signals. The means 13 to 16 and the computer 26 are connected via the input / output port 27, and the shipping information 11 is input.

The loading device of the present embodiment includes a loading robot 24
Product 2 for loading at a predetermined position within the service range 25 of
, A glue application device 22 for applying an adhesive to the product 2, and a pallet transport conveyor 23 for transporting the pallet 1 for loading.
Normally, the product 2 is supplied to one end of the service range 25 of the loading robot 24, and the pallet 1 is positioned at the other end opposite thereto.
Further, an adhesive application device 22 is provided at an intermediate position therebetween. The adhesive application device 22 has a number of upward nozzles, each of which can be controlled independently, depending on the size and application type of the product 2 (for example, full-surface application or partial application). The loading control device 12 controls which nozzle ejects the adhesive. When the product 2 to which the adhesive is to be applied is conveyed by the loading robot 24 to the adhesive applying device 22, the adhesive is appropriately ejected from a required nozzle and applied to the product 2. The products 2 are supplied to the product transport conveyor 21 which is a loaded product supply unit in the loading order in accordance with a product supply command issued from the loading control device 12. The pallet transport conveyor 23 supplies the empty pallet 1 to a predetermined position within the service range 25 of the loading robot 24, and transports the pallet 1 on which the loading of the product 2 is completed as needed.

Next, an operation example of the loading device of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described. First, the shipping information 11 is input to the loading control device 12. The loading control device 12 calculates the loading of the product 2 (the type of the product 2,
The number, order, and loading pattern (array) are performed. After that, the loading control device 12 issues a command to supply the products 2 for loading to the product transport conveyor 21. This command is supplied in the order of the loading operation of the loading robot 24. Therefore, the products 2 for loading are sequentially supplied to a predetermined position in the service range 25 of the loading robot 24 in the loading order. This product 2 is held by the loading robot 24 and the adhesive application device 22
And the adhesive is applied to the entire lower surface of the product 2. Note that this adhesive only needs to be able to prevent lateral displacement of the product 2, and may be used in a small amount. When the application of the adhesive to the product 2 is completed, the product 2 is stacked at a predetermined position on the pallet 1.

In the above-described operation example, a case has been described in which an adhesive is applied to the entire lower surface of all the products 2 to prevent the relative position between the products 2 and the relative position between the products 2 and the pallet 1 from being shifted. Various methods for applying the agent can be considered in addition to the above.

In particular, a more inexpensive and efficient loading operation can be performed as follows. Here, an example of applying the adhesive will be described. For example, an adhesive may be applied to the lower surface of only the product 2 loaded on at least the outermost periphery of each stage. In this case, as described above, between products and product 2
Not only can the relative position between the pallet 1 and the pallet 1 be prevented from being shifted, but also the amount of the adhesive used is reduced, and there is a product 2 which does not need to be coated with the adhesive, so that the loading time of the entire product can be reduced. Further, when unloading the product 2 on the pallet 1 manually, the number of the products 2 that require peeling of the adhesive is reduced, and the load of the unloading operation can be reduced.

The product 2 loaded on the outermost periphery will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view illustrating an adhesive application operation by the loading device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 3, reference numeral 31 denotes a first-stage product loaded on the pallet 1, 32 denotes a second-stage product loaded on the first-stage product 31, and 33 denotes a second-stage product loaded on the second-stage product 32. The third stage product 34 is a fourth stage product stacked on the third stage product 33. A1 to A20 are products of the first stage, B
1 to B15 are products in the second tier, C1 to C16 are products in the third tier, and D1 to D9 and E1 to E9 are products in the fourth tier. And the outermost peripheral product among the first stage products 31 is:
A1 to A6, A10, A11, and A15 to A20 products, and the outermost peripheral product among the second stage products 32 is B1 to A6.
B4, B6, B7, B9, B10, B12 to B15, and the outermost peripheral product of the third stage product 33 is C
1 to C5, C8, C9, C12 to C16,
Outermost products among the products 34 in the fourth stage are D1 to D4.
These products are D7 to D9, E1, E2, E4, and E6 to E8. When the loading of these products is completed, the result is as shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which the loading of the products on the pallet by the loading device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is completed.

Further, even if an adhesive is applied to a part (for example, four corners, a cross, a straight line, etc.) of the lower surface of all the products 2,
The same effect as when the adhesive is applied to the entire lower surface can be obtained, and the following further effects can be expected. That is, the amount of the adhesive used is reduced, and the application time of the adhesive is reduced, so that the entire loading time can be shortened. In addition, since the bonding strength between the products and between the product 2 and the pallet 1 is also weak, when the product 2 on the pallet 1 is unloaded, the peeling force of the adhesive can be small, so that the unloading work can be reduced. Can be.

Furthermore, the same effect as described above can be obtained by applying an adhesive to a part (for example, four corners, a cross, or a straight line) of the lower surface of the product 2 loaded on the outermost periphery.

Alternatively, an adhesive may be applied as shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a front view showing an example in which the number of objects to which an adhesive is applied to a product by the loading device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is reduced. As shown in FIG. 5, an adhesive may be applied so that the upper product 2 and the lower product 2 can be integrated integrally. In other words, by considering in advance the position of the products 2 loaded on each stage and the positional relationship between the products 2 on the upper and lower stages of the products 2, the adhesive is applied only to the products 2 that need to be applied with the adhesive. The product 2 to which the agent is applied can be minimized. In FIG. 5, the product of the first stage 1B and the product of the second stage 2B
A, 2B product, 3rd stage 3B product, 4th stage 4A,
An adhesive is applied to each back surface of the product of 4B and the products of 5A, 5B, and 5C in the fifth stage. In this case, the first stage 1
No adhesive was applied to the products of A and 1C, and the products of 3A and 3C in the third tier. However, the products of 1A and 1C in the first tier were each of The product is integrated with the pallet 1 depending on the product.
4th stage 4A, 4B, 3rd stage 3B, 2nd stage 2A, 2
B and the first-stage 1B products are integrated with the pallet 1 and the relative position between the products and the pallet 1 can be prevented from shifting, so that the relative displacement does not change.

In the present embodiment, various examples of applying the adhesive to the product 2 have been described. However, it is sufficient that the relative displacement between the products and between the product 2 and the pallet 1 can be prevented. For example, it may be a liquid such as polyurethane foam that expands and expands when applied.

Further, in this embodiment, an example in which the adhesive is applied to the bottom surface (one surface) of the product 2 has been described. However, when the product 2 having an unstable shape whose height is large relative to the bottom area is loaded. , The adhesive may be applied not only to the bottom surface of the product 2 but also to the vicinity of the upper portion of the side surface. Depending on the shape of product 2,
If the surface to which the adhesive is applied is appropriately changed, more stable transportation can be achieved.

As described above, the loading device of the present embodiment comprises a product transport conveyor 21 (product supply means) for transporting the product 2 to be loaded to a predetermined position in the service range 25 of the loading robot 24, and the product 2 An adhesive applying device 22 (adhesive applying means) for applying an adhesive to a bottom surface or the like (predetermined portion) of the device; a loading robot 24 (loading means) for loading the product 2 after the adhesive application on the pallet 1; A pallet transport conveyor 23 (pallet transport means) for supplying an empty pallet 1 to a predetermined position in the service range 25 of the loading robot 24 and transporting the pallet 1 on which the product 2 has been loaded.

That is, the loading device of the present embodiment supplies a product 2 for loading to a predetermined position, applies an adhesive to a predetermined portion of the product 2, and then loads the product 2 on the pallet 1. .

Therefore, the stacked products adjacent to each other on the pallet 1 can be joined with an adhesive to integrate the entire stacked products.
It is possible to prevent deviation of the relative positions between the products and between the product 2 and the pallet 1. Therefore, even a plurality of types of products 2 having different shapes and sizes can be stacked on the pallet 1 in a plurality of stages so that the cargo does not collapse during transportation or the like. As a result, the product 2 can be prevented from being damaged, and the work of loading and unloading the product on a truck or the like can be performed easily and in a short time.

In particular, an adhesive application device 22 (adhesive application means) for applying an adhesive to the product 2 for loading, and a loading robot 2 for loading the product 2 after the application of the adhesive on the pallet 1
4 (stacking means), as in each of the above-described adhesive application examples,
The computer 26 calculates the specification of the product to which the adhesive is to be applied, the specification of the surface to which the adhesive is to be applied, and the application form in accordance with the loading order and the loading pattern obtained from the shipping information 11, and appropriately controls the loading control device 12 according to the calculation result. Then, while taking into consideration the loading order and the loading position of the loaded products loaded on the pallet 1, the loaded products adjacent on the pallet 1 can be joined with a small amount of adhesive, and the entire loaded products can be efficiently integrated.

As a result, it is possible not only to prevent deviation of the relative positions between the products and between the products 2 and the pallet 1, but also to prevent the displacement.
Further, an inexpensive and efficient loading operation can be performed, and the burden of unloading operation can be reduced.

<Second Embodiment> FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view of a main part showing a loading device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals and symbols as those of the first embodiment denote the same or corresponding components as those of the first embodiment. Except for the portion shown in FIG. 6, the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the description is omitted here. In the figure, reference numeral 28 denotes a stopper located at the end of the product transport conveyor 21, and the products 2 transported by the product transport conveyor 21 are stopped by the stopper 28 for a predetermined time. In the present embodiment, the adhesive application device 22 is disposed laterally on the side of the end of the product transport conveyor 21, and the product 2 for loading is formed by setting the adhesive application surface to the adhesive application device 22 side. It is sequentially supplied on the conveyor 21. Each time the product 2 for loading is supplied to the position where the product 2 comes into contact with the stopper 28 on the product conveyor 21, the adhesive is applied from the nozzle of the adhesive application device 22 to the adhesive application surface of the product 2 in accordance with the product 2. Injected toward. Thus, the product 2 to which the adhesive has been applied is each time, as in the first embodiment,
It is loaded on the pallet 1 by the loading robot 24.

Therefore, in order to apply the adhesive to the product 2 for loading, the trouble of moving the product 2 to the position of the adhesive application device 22 by the loading robot 24 as in the first embodiment can be omitted. The overall loading time can be reduced.

[0028]

As described above, the loading device according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises a product supply means for supplying a product to be loaded to a predetermined position, and a predetermined product of the product to be loaded in the product supply means. Adhesive applying means for applying an adhesive to the site, loading means for loading the product after the adhesive application on a pallet,
According to the specification of the product to which the adhesive is applied, the specification of the adhesive application surface and the application form according to the loading order and the loading pattern obtained from the shipping information, the adhesive application means and the loading means are controlled, Considering the loading order and loading position of the loaded products on the pallet, the adjacent loaded products on the pallet can be joined with a small amount of adhesive,
Since the whole of the loaded products can be efficiently integrated, not only the displacement between the products and the relative position between the products and the pallet can be prevented, but also a more inexpensive and efficient loading operation can be performed. Since the adhesive is applied to a predetermined portion of the product to be loaded, the burden on the worker of the unloading operation on health can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a loading device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a control mechanism of the loading device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view illustrating an adhesive application operation by the loading device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state where loading of products onto a pallet by the loading device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is completed.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing an example in which the number of objects to which an adhesive is applied to a product by the loading device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is reduced.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view of a main part showing a loading device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a state in which products are loaded on a conventional pallet.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pallet 2 Product 11 Shipping information 12 Loading control device 13 Loading command means 14 Product transfer command means 15 Adhesive application command means 16 Pallet transfer command means 17 to 20 Control unit 21 Product transfer conveyor 22 Adhesive coating apparatus 23 Pallet transfer conveyor 24 Loading robot 25 Service range 26 Computer 27 I / O port 28 Stopper

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A product supply means for supplying a product for loading to a predetermined position; an adhesive application means for applying an adhesive to a predetermined portion of the product for loading in the product supply means; Loading means for loading the subsequent product on a pallet; specifying the product to which the adhesive is to be applied, specifying the adhesive application surface, and applying the adhesive in accordance with the loading order and the loading pattern obtained from the shipping information. And a control means for controlling the loading means.