JP2838274B2 - Ladder - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention can be used not only as a ladder mainly used in construction work sites, in particular, as an ordinary ladder that stands upright, but also used horizontally as a step board. It is about a ladder that can do.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional ladders of this kind are:
Since the treads were fixedly installed at a fixed angle between the side frames at regular intervals in the side frame length direction, there is no problem when using it upright at a fixed angle, but this is not a problem. The ladder cannot be used as a step board by being laid horizontally, and when not in use, a plurality of ladders are not only bulky when stacked horizontally for transportation or storage, but also have a problem in stability.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its features are indicated by parenthesized reference numerals in the embodiments described later. As shown, the ladder of the present invention comprises a pair of left and right side frames (1a, 1a).
b), a tread plate (2) installed at equal intervals in the length direction of the side frames between both side frames (1a, 1b), and an interlocking link (3a, 3).
b) a ladder provided with a lock means (4), a handrail (9A), and a handrail lock means (10), wherein each tread plate (2) has a side surface at substantially the same level. It is capable of swinging between a falling step board posture (S1) which is parallel to the frame length direction and a standing and inclined step board posture (S2), and the left and right sides near the rear end when in the step board posture (S2). Are pivotally supported on both side frames (1a, 1b) by a support shaft (5), and there are a pair of right and left interlocking links (3a, 3b) near the front end of each tread plate (2) when in the tread plate posture (S2). A pair of left and right side frames (1a,
1b) The treads (2) are connected so as to be able to move in parallel so that the treads (2) are in the falling footstep posture (S1) when they are superimposed on each other. 3a, 3b) and a support shaft (6) for pivotally connecting the tread plate (2).
A connecting member (7) pivotally connected at one end thereof by
Locking holes (13, 25) provided in any one of the free end of the connecting member (7) and both side frames (1a, 1b);
And locking members (8, 26) inserted through the locking holes (13, 25) to removably couple the free end of the connecting member (7) and the side frames (1a, 1b), The locking hole (1
3, 25), each step board (2) with respect to both side frames (1a, 1b) by selecting a hole through which the locking tool (8, 26) is inserted.
Are provided so as to be able to be fixed at a plurality of angles, and the handrail (9A) has a handrail bar (1) substantially parallel to the side frame (1a).
1) and a swingable column (12) that supports the handrail bar (11) so as to be able to move up and down substantially in parallel with the side frame (1a).
a, 12b), and the strut (1a) with respect to the tread surface (2a) of the tread plate (2) when in the lying step board posture (S1).
2a, 12b) is a posture (S3) when the step board is used to stand substantially vertically, and the columns (12a, 12b) are side frames (1a, 1).
The handrail lock means (10) can be switched to the folded-down posture (S5) adjacent to b), and the handrail lock means (S3) and the footboard (2) at least by the footboard use posture (S3) and the lock means (4). With respect to the tread surface (2a) at each lock angle when is locked at a plurality of angles,
It is characterized in that the pillars (12a, 12b) are fixed to the side frame (1a) at a plurality of angles at which the vertical columns 2a, 12b) stand substantially vertically.

[0004]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a ladder without handrails 9A and 9B, and FIG. 2 shows a ladder with handrails 9A and 9B. Ladder is shown. In each case, 1a and 1b are a pair of left and right side frames, and 2 is a rectangular tread. The left and right sides near the rear end of the tread plate 2 are rotatably supported by concentric support shafts 5 inside the side frames 1a and 1b, and the left and right sides near the front end are located above the side frames 1a and 1b. Are rotatably supported by a concentric support shaft 6 inside a pair of left and right interlocking links 3a and 3b arranged at the same position.

[0005] Therefore, the respective tread plates 2 oscillate up and down with respect to the side frames 1a and 1b while maintaining their parallel posture around the support shaft 5 due to the existence of the interlocking links 3a and 3b. As shown in FIG. 1A and FIG.
When 3b is overlaid on the side frames 1a, 1b, each tread 2
For example, each tread surface 2a is configured so as to be in the falling step posture S1 in which the tread surfaces 2a are at the same level and parallel to the length direction of the side frames 1a and 1b with a small gap of 2 to 3 cm therebetween.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a locking means, and each link 3
a connecting member 7 pivotally attached by a supporting shaft 6 for pivoting on a tread plate in the vicinity of both the upper and lower ends of a and 3b;
And a locking member 8 that couples the free end to the side frames 1a and 1b. As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG.
Are provided with a plurality of Dharma-shaped locking holes 13 having different distances from the support shaft 6 for pivotally mounting the locking shafts 13 in the circumferential direction. The Dharma-shaped locking hole 13 is arranged such that the small-diameter portion is located on the support shaft 6 side with respect to the large-diameter portion. The locking tool 8 has a large diameter head 8a and a small diameter neck 8b adjacent to the inside of the large diameter head 8a.
The large-diameter head 8a can penetrate only the large-diameter portion of the Dharma-shaped locking hole 13 while the small-diameter neck 8b is fixed to the side frames 1a and 1b so as to protrude from the outer side surface of the diama. It can be fitted into the small diameter portion of the locking hole 13.

The shaft hole through which the support shaft 6 of the connecting member 7 penetrates tilts the connecting member 7 in the direction toward and away from the outer surfaces of the side frames 1a and 1b, thereby locking the connecting member 7 in a Dharma-shaped manner. The hole 13 is configured to be able to be fitted to an arbitrary locking member 8. Reference numeral 14 denotes a connecting member receiving member attached to the outer side surface of the side frames 1a and 1b corresponding to the respective connecting members 7, and as shown in FIGS. That is, when the connecting member 7 is not used, the free end of the connecting member 7 is fitted and held in a posture along the side frame length direction.

According to the above configuration, as shown in FIGS. 1A, 2 and 3, the connecting member 7 of each locking means 4 is disengaged from the locking member 8 and is interlocked with the side frames 1a and 1b. The locks of the links 3a and 3b are released, and each tread plate 2 is caused to fall down by gravity so that both interlocking links 3a and 3b are moved to the side frames 1a and 1b.
The stepped-down posture S of the stepped plate described above, with each tread plate 2 superimposed thereon.
By setting 1, both ends of the side frames 1a and 1b are extended substantially horizontally between two points at substantially the same level on the building side, and the tread surface 2a of each step board 2 which is continuous at substantially the same level is stepped. It can be used as a walking surface for boards. At this time, the upper side surfaces of the interlocking links 3a and 3b and the tread surface 2a of each tread plate 2 are at substantially the same level. As shown, each connecting member 7 may have its free end fitted and supported by the connecting member receiver 14.

When used as a ladder, one suitable front end of the step board 2 in the lying step board posture S1 as described above is lifted. This one step lifting operation is performed by all the other steps 2 via the interlocking links 3a and 3b.
And all the treads 2 stand up while moving in parallel. Then, as shown in FIG. 1B, FIG. 4 and FIG.
When the side frames 1a and 1b are tilted (see FIG. 4), the tread plate 2 is raised and tilted to an angle at which the tread surface 2a of each tread plate 2 becomes substantially horizontal. At this time, the connecting member in each locking means 4 7, one of the Dharma-shaped locking holes 13 that can be fitted to the locking tool 8 is selected from the Dharma-shaped locking holes 13, and the Dharma-shaped locking hole 13 is locked to the side frames 1a and 1b. 8 is fitted and locked. That is, after the large-diameter head 8a of the locking tool 8 is penetrated through the large-diameter portion of the Dharma-shaped locking hole 13, the interlocking links 3a and 3b are slightly lowered so that the small diameter of the Dharma-shaped locking hole 13 is reduced. The part is fitted to the small diameter neck part 8b of the locking tool 8.

In the illustrated embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the ladder leaning angle θ is 30 degrees, 37.5 degrees, 45 degrees, 5 degrees.
Although four Dharma-shaped locking holes 13 corresponding to 2.5 degrees are provided, the invention is not limited to this. Further, the fitting and locking state between the Dharma-shaped locking hole 13 and the locking tool 8 is maintained by gravity, but a bolt and nut are used as the locking tool 8,
The connecting member 7 may be completely fixed to the side frames 1a and 1b. Further, a grounding board 15 such as that provided on a general ladder can be pivotally attached to the lower ends of the side frames 1a and 1b by a support shaft 16 so as to be swingable.

When the handrails 9A and 9B are provided as shown in FIG. 2, both ends of the handrail support 11 and both ends of the intermediate connecting bar 19 used for reinforcement are connected to the front and rear support pillars 12a and 12a. The support shafts 20a and 20b and the support shafts 21a and 21b are pivotally attached to the support members 12a and 12b, respectively, and the lower ends of the support columns 12a and 12b are supported by bearing members 17a and 17b fixed to the interlocking links 3a and 3b. 18a, 18b
The handrail bar 11 is pivotably mounted on the side frame 1
a and 1b while maintaining the side frame 1
A and 1b are configured to be able to swing up and down and near and far.

With the above configuration, the handrails 9A and 9B are
As shown in FIG. 2A, a step board use posture S3 in which the columns 12a and 12b stand substantially perpendicularly to the tread surface 2a of the step board 2 in the falling step board posture S1, and as shown in FIG. A ladder-using posture S4 in which the posts 12a and 12b stand substantially perpendicular to the tread surface 2a of the tread plate 2 in the tread plate posture S2, and a post 1 as shown in FIG. 2B.
2a and 12b can be switched to the folded-down posture S5 adjacent to the side frames 1a and 1b.

Thus, the handrail lock means 10 is provided with the support 12 in the posture S3 when using the step board and the posture S4 when using the ladder.
a and 12b are fixed, and as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a bearing member 1 for supporting the lower end of the column 12b.
7b, a plurality of locking holes 22 and 23 provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction at the same distance from the support shaft 18b, and one of the locking holes 22 and 23 and a pin hole provided in the support 12b. Locking pin 24 that can be locked through
It is composed of The locking holes 22 lock the columns 12a of the handrails 9A and 9B in the posture S3 when using the step board, and the remaining plurality of locking holes 23 are used to lock the handrails 9A in the posture S4 when using the ladder. , 9B are locked, but in the illustrated example, the ladder standing angle θ
(30 degrees, 37.5 degrees, 45 degrees, 52.5 degrees), four locking holes 23 are provided.

The locking pin 24 is, as shown in FIG.
The tip is provided with a retaining portion 24a that can be bent and suspended by gravity, and can be connected to an appropriate portion of the bearing member 17b by a chain or the like connected to the ring 24b on the head. Thus, when used as a ladder, one of the locking holes 23 corresponding to the ladder leaning angle θ at that time is selected as shown in FIG.
The columns 12a and 12b are erected and inclined so that the pin holes of the columns 12a and 12b coincide with each other, and the locking pin 24 is inserted through the selected locking hole 23 and the pin hole of the column 12b. By folding and hanging down on the opposite side, the handrails 9A and 9B can be locked in the posture S4 when the ladder is used.

When used as a step board, FIG.
1A, the supports 12a, 12b are connected to the side frames 1a, 1b.
b, and the handrails 9A and 9B are set to the posture S3 when the step board is used. At this time, the locking holes 22 and the locking pins 24 that match the pin holes of the support 12b are used. ,
What is necessary is just to lock the support | pillar 12b as mentioned above. When the ladder is not used, as shown in FIG. 2B, the handrails 9A and 9A are switched in a state in which the tread plate 2 is switched to the falling step board posture S1.
What is necessary is just to let B be the folded-down posture S5. At this time, the handrail bar 1 at the upper end of the folded handrail 9A, 9B
If the locking hole 22 of the handrail lock means 10 is projected above the position 1 (an additional locking hole may be provided),
As shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 7, a locking pin 24 is inserted through the locking hole 22 and locked to prevent the handrails 9A and 9B folded by the locking pin 24 from rising. .

FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the lock means 4. The locking means 4 shown in FIG.
A plurality of locking holes 25 are provided at appropriate intervals in the length direction on the sides a and 1b, and the connecting member 7 pivotally supported using the tread plate pivotally supporting shaft 6 of the interlocking links 3a and 3b is provided. The end,
The side frames 1a, 1a are locked by being locked in any one locking hole 25 by a removable locking tool 26 such as a bolt and a nut.
The step plate 2 can be locked at an angle corresponding to the ladder leaning angle with respect to b. In the illustrated example, the step board 2 is in a lying step board posture (a state in which the interlocking links 3a and 3b overlap the side frames 1a and 1b).
However, the locking can be performed by the locking hole 25 and the locking tool 26. Also, as shown by the imaginary lines, the side frames 1a,
At the upper end of 1b, a hook member 27 to be hooked on the building side when used as a ladder can be attached.

[0017]

As described above, according to the ladder of the present invention, not only can each step board be used as a ladder by raising each step board at an appropriate angle with respect to both side frames and locking it with locking means, but also each step board can be used as a ladder. Is switched between two points at approximately the same level on the building side by switching each footboard to a falling footboard position that is parallel to the side frame length direction at substantially the same level, making it safe and convenient as a footboard Can be used,
In addition, in any of the usage modes, it is possible to safely go up and down or walk using the handrail rising from the side frame. In particular, according to the configuration of the present invention,
The following special effects can be expected.

That is, since each step board can be locked at a plurality of angles with respect to both side frames, even when the leaning angle cannot be made constant when used as a ladder, each step board is always kept in a substantially horizontal posture. You can climb up and down safely. In addition, the locking means for locking each step board locks the free end of the connecting member having one end pivotally connected to the side frame using a step board pivot support shaft to an interlocking link for interlocking the steps. Since it is connected by holes and locking devices, it is not necessary to fix a large plate with a plurality of locking holes to the side frame or tread plate by welding or the like, which not only reduces the assembly cost but also reduces the tread plate. Can be received by the connecting member without difficulty, and a ladder with high safety can be provided.

Further, the handrail support can be fixed to the side frame at a plurality of angles which stand substantially perpendicular to the tread surface at each lock angle when the tread plate is locked at a plurality of angles by the lock means. When changing the lock angle of the tread plate with respect to the side frame so that the tread plate becomes substantially horizontal according to the leaning angle of the ladder, the handrail support is also adjusted and fixed in accordance with the angle of the tread plate with respect to the side frame, and always fixed The handrail support can be raised substantially vertically. Therefore, the vertical load acting on the handrail can always be safely received, and the ladder with the handrail can be used with high safety.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a partially cutaway side view showing a state in which a handrail is not provided, and a state in which a step board is switched to a falling step board posture, and FIG. 1B is a view in which the step board of the embodiment is switched to a step board posture. FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway side view showing a state in which it is folded.

FIG. 2A is a partially cut-away side view showing an embodiment in which handrails are additionally provided, and a state in which a footboard is switched to a falling footboard posture and a handrail is switched to a posture when using the footboards; FIG. 3 is a side view showing a state in which the handrail of the embodiment is switched to a folded position in a downright position.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged, partially cutaway plan view of FIG. 2A.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view showing a main part of FIG. 1B.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional rear view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged side view showing a handrail lock unit when a ladder is used.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged vertical sectional rear view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a side view of a main part showing another embodiment of the locking means.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1a Side frame 1b Side frame 2 Foot plate 3a Interlocking link 3b Interlocking link 4 Locking means 5 Support shaft 6 Support shaft 7 Connecting member 8 Locking tool 9A Handrail 9B Handrail 10 Handrail locking means 13 Dharma-shaped locking hole 22 Lock Hole 23 Locking hole 24 Locking pin 25 Locking hole 26 Locking tool such as bolt and nut

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A 54-31534 (JP, U) JP-A 63-184897 (JP, U) JP-A 3-115544 (JP, U) JP 50-50 34179 (JP, Y1) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E06C 1/383

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pair of left and right side frames (1a, 1b), both side frames
(1a, 1b) is installed at equal intervals in the side frame length direction.
Tread (2), link (3a, 3b), lock hands
Step (4), handrail (9A), and handrail lock means (1
0) , wherein each of the treads (2) has a standing foot plate posture (S1) in which each tread plate (2) is substantially at the same level and is parallel to the side frame length direction, and a tread plate posture in which the standing plate is inclined. (S2) is also pivotable between
Therefore, both the left and right sides near the rear end when in the tread plate posture (S2)
The sides are supported on both side frames (1a, 1b) by the support shaft (5).
The link (3a, 3b) has a pair of right and left
Right and left near the front end of each tread (2) when in the force (S2)
A pivot (6) is attached to both sides to form a pair of left and right side frames (1).
a, 1b) Each tread (2) falls on top of another
Move each tread (2) in parallel so that it is in the board posture (S1).
The link means (4) is movably linked to each other , and the locking means (4) is connected to each link (3a, 3b).
One end swings by a support shaft (6) that pivotally connects the plate (2).
Connection member (7) pivotally connected, said connection member (7)
To either one of the free end and the side frames (1a, 1b)
The locking holes (13, 25) provided and the locking holes (1
3, 25) and the free end of the connecting member (7) and both side frames
(1a, 1b) and a latch (8, 2)
6), wherein the locking holes (13, 25) are provided with locking tools.
Depending on the selection of the hole through which (8, 26) is inserted, both side frames (1
a, 1b) each step board (2) is fixed at a plurality of angles
The handrail (9A) is provided in such a way that it can be
(11) and the handrail bar (11) to the side frame (1a).
A swingable column that supports the robot so that it can move up and down substantially in parallel.
(12a, 12b), and the posture of the falling step board (S1)
To the tread surface (2a) of the tread plate (2)
When using a step board in which the pillars (12a, 12b) stand almost vertically
The posture (S3) and the columns (12a, 12b) are
a, 1b) and the folded posture (S5) adjacent to
The handrail lock means (10) is at least used for the step board.
Stepping plate with the posture for use (S3) and the locking means (4)
For each lock angle when (2) is locked at multiple angles
Support (12a, 12b) with respect to tread surface (2a)
At a plurality of angles at which it stands substantially vertically,
a ladder adapted to fix the a, 12b) to the side frame (1a) .