JP2832512B2 - Method and apparatus for manufacturing concrete products - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a concrete product.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When mass-producing a product by putting ready-mixed concrete into a mold, the former mainstream is to prepare one or two molds and a large number of ones fixed to a wheeled trolley, and sequentially push these. Proceed to the curing site from the concrete casting site and cure for the required period. After curing, the products were successively advanced to the demolding area, where products were taken out. After cleaning and assembling the formwork, the progressive circulation system was used to return to the concrete loading area.

[0003] However, if the above method is used for a large product in which one piece weighs from 3 to 15 tons, the equipment cost becomes enormous, and the applicant of the present invention disclosed "Large concrete" described in JP-B-53-45325. Product manufacturing method and equipment ”. This patent abolishes a large number of form-fixing trolleys, which used to be the main body of conventional form-conveyance, and transports concrete-filled forms into the lane groove in the curing area by self-propelled trolleys with automatic loading / unloading platforms. Is supported by both groove edges at both ends and returned.

[0004] After that, the self-propelled truck is stopped at the entrance of the curing station without entering the curing station, and the formwork or its receiving truck is sent from the self-propelled truck into the curing station by a dedicated pushing or retracting device installed there. An embedding method was also developed. Regardless of the above-mentioned method of pushing the fixed formwork truck or the two new methods in which the self-propelled carriage reciprocates and transports the formwork, the truck arriving in front of the curing ground from the concrete placement site moves along the curing ground in the ditch. Get on the running traverser (transverse trolley) and go to the required entrance to the nursery. From there, you can either enter the nursery or enter only the formwork into the nursery.

[0005]

The self-propelled trolley system eliminates the need for a large number of trolleys with molds. Therefore, not only large products but also relatively small products are collectively stacked on a receiving stand and transported to a curing station. , And a fixed form transport system. However, this new scheme also has problems in common with the previous scheme.
It is the above traverser. The traverser runs in a groove made on the road surface, and the trolley running on the road surface rail is loaded on a short horizontal rail on the upper surface of the traverser and delivered to the required healthcare facility entrance. The traverser and the groove for it were indispensable to send the casting form to a desired position on the curing station by a trolley instead of a truck. The construction of the traverser ditch increases the cost of equipment and the presence of the ditch hinders traffic on the road surface, making it difficult to change the pattern of the factory. The connecting equipment between the stationary rail and the rail on the traverser, and the operation were also troublesome. The present invention eliminates these problems.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a concrete product, comprising: a formwork filled with concrete at a casting site; In the method of manufacturing a concrete product in which the formwork is lowered to the curing place by lowering the loading platform, and the cart is lowered in a state where both ends are supported and the cart is returned, the concrete-loaded formwork is placed on the loading platform. The trolley,
Run in the factory on the continuation floor and floor, stop once at the corner, turn at least the direction of the wheel of the trolley and proceed at that point, enter the trolley passage in the curing station from the required entrance and exit, By lowering the loading platform that has been pushed up to the height, the formwork is passed on the formwork support stand that stands on both sides of the passage,
The carriage is returned.

In the concrete product manufacturing method according to the second invention, a formwork filled with concrete is placed on a self-propelled vehicle directly or via a receiving vehicle at a casting site, and the self-propelled vehicle running in the factory is used for a curing site. When you reach the corner to the passage along the health center where each doorway is lined up, stop for a moment, change the direction of at least the wheels of the self-propelled bogie and run the passage along the health center as it is, in front of the required entrance to the health center The above-mentioned formwork or receiving trolley which is stopped and carried in is sent from the self-propelled trolley to the curing station by means of a dedicated push-in or pull-in facility.

[0008] The concrete product manufacturing apparatus of the present invention comprises:
A manufacturing apparatus for the manufacturing method according to the first or second invention, wherein the self-propelled vehicle includes a wheel provided at four corners of a rectangular base frame, which can be turned forward and sideways, and a carrier along an upper surface of the base frame. It is equipped with several hydraulic cylinders provided on the lower side of the base frame in an arrangement to be horizontally supported and automatically moved up and down, and leg members hanging at several places of the loading platform, and floating legs whose lower end does not always reach the road surface, The hydraulic cylinder is characterized in that the lifting force is eliminated and the floating leg of the carrier is attached to the road surface, and the bogie itself is lifted off the road surface by the reaction force of the pressing force, thereby making it easy to change the direction of the wheels. .

Further, two of the four wheels of the truck have a drive motor, and the motor and the wheels change directions together.

[0010] Further, each of the wheels runs on the floor surface, and the vertical axis guide roller on the lower surface of the bogie runs in a groove-shaped guide material laid on the floor surface.

In addition, two of the above-mentioned groove-shaped guide members are laid in parallel on a passage along the curing station where the entrances of the respective trolley passages of the curing station are lined up, and laid one at a time in the center of each trolley passage in the curing station. A break is provided at the crossing position of the one guide member and the wheel of the bogie.

Further, the vertical axis guide rollers are provided one by one at symmetrical positions spaced apart from each other on the longitudinal center line of the lower surface of the bogie, and attached to the lower ends of the floating legs on the left and right of each of the guide rollers with the center line interposed therebetween. There are auxiliary guide rollers, and these auxiliary guide rollers are characterized in that the floating legs have flanges that are placed on upper edges on both sides of the channel-shaped guide member when the cart floats.

Further, the bogie incorporates a set of hydraulic units. The bogie moves along the passage along the curing station following the feeding reel vehicle, stops the power feeding reel vehicle before a required entrance and exits, and enters the bogie passage in the curing station. It is characterized by the following.

[0014] Further, each bogie passage in the nursery is characterized in that concrete material manufactured in a factory is laid in a groove shape in which form supports are arranged on both sides of a flat road surface.

[0015]

[Function] The site of a mass production plant for concrete products is usually rectangular, with a slightly narrow rectangular curing area along one long side,
Lines for product demolding, mold cleaning, oiling, assembling, concrete casting, etc. are provided along the long side on the other side, and a trolley passage for sending the poured formwork to the curing station, and the cured formwork at the line end In general, a bogie path to be sent to the vehicle is provided along short sides on both sides (see FIG. 1). Conventionally and in the present invention as well, the carriage carrying the formwork M from the casting site 1 arrives at one end in front of the curing site 5. Therefore, in the past, a trolley was mounted on a traverser running in a ditch along a curing station, and was lowered at a required position and the trolley was allowed to enter the curing station, or only the form was sent to the curing station. Traversers have been indispensable for self-propelled vehicles.

The most important feature of the present invention is that the self-propelled bogie itself can bend at a corner, thereby eliminating the need for a traverser. Instead of turning in a circular arc like a general transport vehicle, the vehicle changes direction at a right angle when it stops once. The direction may be changed by the cart itself or only the wheels of the cart. With this, the traverser in the groove, which has been indispensable for many years, has been completely eliminated.

The concrete product manufacturing apparatus of the present invention changes the direction of only the wheels of the self-propelled truck. If a turntable such as a well-known turntable is provided at the corner, the direction of the entire truck can be changed on the spot, and the traverser can be eliminated even with this. However, it is extremely easy to change the direction of the wheels only by supporting the cargo platform with “floating legs” and lifting the bogie, as opposed to turning the bogie itself with a ton of formwork on a turntable.

Further, the self-propelled truck according to the present invention can easily change the direction of the drive unit by providing two wheels with drive motors. Further, the self-propelled truck of the present invention runs on a floor surface without a track with wheels, and the traveling direction is determined by the guide rollers on the lower surface and the groove-shaped guide members on the floor surface, thereby eliminating the need for laying rails. In addition, the self-propelled carriage of the present invention has such a dimension that the wide formwork can be placed on the small-sized and long-length carrier and can enter between the formwork supports of the carriage passage in the curing area. One piece may be provided before and after the longitudinal direction. Accordingly, it is sufficient that the two groove-shaped guide members are parallel to each other only in the passage along the curing area, and are provided one by one in the carriage passage in the curing area.

As described above, the guide rollers on the lower surface of the self-propelled carriage may be provided one by one in the longitudinal direction. However, when the bogie is advanced at right angles to the longitudinal direction, it is not possible to say that the guiding action is sufficient with one guide roller on each side. Therefore, as shown in the embodiment, it is preferable to add auxiliary guide rollers on the left and right of each guide roller. The auxiliary guide roller is attached to the lower end of each of the above-mentioned floating legs, and a flange is provided on the upper edge on both sides of the channel-shaped guide member, so that the auxiliary roller also has a bogie floating function.

When the self-propelled bogie bends from the factory floor to a narrow bogie passage in the curing area, the power supply method becomes a problem. As a countermeasure, as shown in the embodiment, when freely moving inside the factory with the power supply reel car and entering the curing passage, stop the reel car at the entrance of the passage, rewind the electric wire wound on the reel, and trolley It is good to make the power supply to be continued. In this device invention, the truck passage in the curing station is connected to the factory floor, and since there is no passage groove lower than the floor surface as in the prior art, the form supports on both sides are high. Therefore, if the channel-type concrete material manufactured at the factory is laid instead of installing the form supports individually, the form supports with a smooth road surface and the required height can be installed at once.

[0021]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a first invention of a method for manufacturing a concrete product according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of an embodiment of the second invention. FIG. 1 shows a general arrangement of a mass production plant for concrete products. One concrete placing site for the formwork, two formwork stacking devices, three conveyors for feeding the stacked formwork M sideways, and the formwork M 4 is a self-propelled truck that pushes the loading platform into the space below and places the formwork M on the loading platform, and is connected only when the self-propelled truck 4 is in the passage 6 along the curing station in front of the curing station 5. 7 and a groove-shaped guide member 8 laid on the floor to guide the self-propelled carriage 4.

The self-propelled carriage 4 will be described later with reference to FIGS.
The wheels protruding at the four corners run on the floor surface without rails, and the vertical axis guide rollers on the lower surface enter the groove-shaped guide member 8 to guide. The self-propelled trolley 4 in FIG. 1 moves in the vertical and horizontal directions only by changing the direction of the wheels without changing the direction from beginning to end. When traveling in the longitudinal direction of the slightly elongated rectangular traveling carriage 4, proceed along one groove-shaped guide member 8 in the center. Rampant. The traveling trolley 4 has an elongated rectangular shape in order to enter the trolley passage 9 in the curing station 5 and to pass the form M to the form supports 10 on both sides of the passage. It is convenient to place them side by side.

Referring to FIG. 1, the work process will be described. In the casting place 1, concrete sent from a concrete mixer is poured into a formwork on a vibration table. The formwork is sent by a conveyor and is stacked one after another by the formwork multistage stacking device 2 to a required number of stages. When the required number of stages is reached, the conveyors are sequentially placed at the standby position by the horizontal conveyor 5. Meanwhile, the self-propelled trolley 4 that has entered the curing site 5 and lowered the formwork M to the required position returns to the position in FIG. Then, the vehicle moves a little longitudinally, stacks the waiting formwork M on the carrier, and returns to the position of FIG. 1 again.

From the entrance in front of the curing station where the self-propelled truck 4 shown in FIG. 1 is located, the form M has already been inserted. The vehicle is made to travel to the front of the adjacent entrance along with the reel car 7. Then, detach the reel car 7, change the direction of the wheels of the self-propelled carriage 4,
The vehicle enters the carriage passage 9. And formwork M in order from the back
Is lowered, and when the vehicle reaches the passage 6 along the healthcare site, the direction of the wheels is changed and returned to the position of the self-propelled vehicle 4 in FIG. 1 is repeated. At the right end of FIG. 1, a self-propelled trolley 4 that has taken out the cured form from the curing station, a traverse conveyor 3 for unloading the form M, and a device 2 for removing the multi-stacked form are symmetrical to the equipment at the left end of the figure. It is. The collapsed form is removed from the mold and the mold assembly line 11
On a conveyor.

Next, the manufacturing method of the second invention will be described with reference to FIG. The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is an example in which all of the equipment for implementing the manufacturing method of the present invention are known. That is, the self-propelled trolley 4 ′ is obtained by simply adding a self-propelled mechanism to a normal trolley, and is provided between the loading device 13 attached to the setting place 1 and the curing room 5, and the passage 6 along the curing site for a normal trolley. Rails are laid.
At a corner where the two rails intersect at right angles, there is a well-known turntable with short rails 12 on which the self-propelled carriage 4 'is mounted to change the direction by 90 °. This eliminated the need for long-standing traversers and the construction of grooves for them. FIG. 2 does not show the mold.

The self-propelled truck 4 turned by the turntable 12
′ Is transferred to the rail of passage 6 along the nursery
Stops in front of the required curing room 5a. A well-known equipment for pushing or retracting a known formwork in front of or inside each curing room 5a (not shown).
Therefore, the formwork on the self-propelled carriage 4 'is put into the curing room 5a. The self-propelled carriage 4 'returns to the turntable 12, goes to the casting site 1, and receives the next formwork. The cured form is transferred to the self-propelled carriage 4 'stopped in front of the curing room by the above-mentioned dedicated equipment, and travels along the passage 6 along the curing place to get into the turntable 12 at the right end in FIG. Then, the demolding, the unloading device 13 at the right end of the mold assembly line 11,
It is lowered to the line. It goes without saying that the lowered formwork enters the casting site 1 after finishing the demolding, cleaning, oiling, and mold assembly on the line.

Next, a self-propelled carriage unique to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The illustrated embodiment changes the direction of only the self-propelled carriage 4 of FIG. 1, that is, the wheels, but does not change the direction of the entire carriage by the turntable 12 of FIG.
However, the manufacturing method of the second invention is not characterized by using a turntable. It is characterized in that the direction of the wheels of the self-propelled trolley or the entire trolley is changed. Even in the embodiment of FIG. 2, if the self-propelled trolleys of FIGS. It is possible to implement the method and thereby abolish the traverser.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a self-propelled carriage of the manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.
b. The wheels 14 attached to the four corners of the base frame 4a are turned 90 ° around the vertical axis 14a and can be turned forward and sideways. It is the four hydraulic cylinders 15 provided below the base frame 4a that horizontally support the loading platform 4b along the upper surface of the base frame 4a and automatically move up and down.

Floating legs 16 are suspended at four places on the loading platform 4b, and slide up and down in a guide cylinder 16a on the lower surface of the base frame 4a. In this embodiment, an auxiliary guide roller 17 is provided at the lower end of the floating leg 16, and only when the loading platform 4b is pushed down by the hydraulic cylinder 15, the flange 17a of the guide roller 17 pushes the upper edges on both sides of the grooved guide member 8, The cart 4 itself is lifted off the floor. FIG.
In this state, the wheel 14 is lifted off the floor F. That is, the direction of the wheels 14 is easily changed.
The left half of FIG. 4 shows a state in which the form M is left in the curing area and comes out. However, since the section is taken along the longitudinal center line of the bogie, the floating leg 16 is not visible, and the vertical axis of the center is shown. The guide roller 18 has appeared.

In order to change the direction of each of the wheels 14 by 90 °, the vertical shaft 14a is rotated by a chain and a hydraulic motor 19. Two of the fourteen wheels 14 are provided with a drive motor 20 so that they rotate together. The wheels 14 run on the floor surface, and since the groove-shaped guide members 8 are laid on the floor surface in a vertical and horizontal direction, the turning portions 8a of the groove-shaped guide members 8 are provided as passages of the wheels 14 at the corners. In FIG. 3, a hydraulic unit 21 is provided at the center of the bogie, and an automatic winding reel 22 for winding a cable extending from the power supply reel car 7 is provided at a side surface. The illustration of an apparatus for easily connecting and disconnecting the self-propelled carriage 4 and the power supply reel car 7 is omitted.

FIG. 5 shows a state in which the self-propelled truck 4 has entered the truck passage in the curing site, the loading platform 4b has been lowered, and the form M (shown only as a gantry) has been lowered onto the form supports 10 on both sides of the passage.
It should be noted that the manufacturing method and the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it goes without saying that various changes and applications can be made within the scope of the present invention. It is easily conceivable that the power of the self-propelled truck is powered by a battery or that an optical data transmission device is incorporated. Also, instead of changing the direction of each wheel,
It goes without saying that the direction of the chassis provided below the base frame may be changed.

[0032]

The conventional traverser and the groove for running the traverser for the transverse feed are indispensable as long as a truck is used to carry the formwork filled with concrete at the casting site to the curing site and arrange it neatly in the curing site. This invention has completely defeated industry common sense. Since traversers and their grooves are not needed, foundation and equipment construction costs are greatly reduced, and since there is no groove between the factory work area and the curing area, convenience in traffic is gained and the factory can be reshaped. It became easier.

The self-propelled carriage of the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention can be used for both the first and second inventions. However, if the invention is applied to the first invention in which the direction is changed many times, the ability to turn without turning is greatly exhibited. Is done. Conventionally, the direction of all the wheels of a self-propelled trolley can be changed by the time required for the trolley to enter the traverser. The longitudinal traveling speed of the self-propelled carriage of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5 is 60 m / min at the maximum, and the traveling speed is 30 m / min at a high speed.

Further, the self-propelled truck utilizes a hydraulic cylinder for lifting and lowering the carrier, and a new method of lightly lifting the truck itself by a special floating leg is provided so that the direction of wheels can be easily changed. Even if it is easy to change the direction of the wheels, it is worthless without a drive mechanism. The present invention eliminates the problem by providing motors to two of the four wheels so that they turn together. Three or more motors are useless and one motor is not enough.

Also, the wheels of the self-propelled truck of the present invention run freely on the floor surface without rails, and the direction is determined by the vertical axis guide roller on the bottom surface of the truck and the groove-shaped guide material laid on the floor surface. Construction costs have been greatly reduced. The above-mentioned channel-shaped guide material has a corner, which may obstruct wheels running on the floor,
The solution may be to provide a break in the width through which the wheel passes. The self-propelled trolley has an elongated shape because it enters the trolley aisle in the curing place and lowers the form on the form supports on both sides. Vertical axis guide rollers are attached to the longitudinally symmetrical position on the longitudinal center line, and auxiliary guide rollers are added to the left and right sides of the vertical axis guide rollers so that both the vertical running and the horizontal running are completely guided. The auxiliary guide roller is attached to the lower end of the floating leg, and the flange of the roller rests on the upper edges on both sides of the channel-shaped guide member, so that the auxiliary guide roller has a simple and effective structure for both the guiding action and the bogie lifting action.

The self-propelled truck according to the present invention has a built-in hydraulic unit, and the current for turning the hydraulic pump and the wheel drive motor is supplied by the cable from the accompanying power supply reel vehicle. Can be done. When entering the nursery, the power supply reel car was parked at the entrance and the cable was extended, thereby eliminating the need for equipment to change the direction of the power supply reel car. The bogie aisle in the curing area is used to lower the form carried by the self-propelled bogie to the form supports on both sides of the aisle, or to pick it up and carry it out. Horizontal accuracy of the upper surface of the support is required. The present invention greatly simplifies the construction work of the road surface and the support base by laying a concrete material manufactured in a groove in a factory, and furthermore, improves the accuracy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view for explaining a manufacturing method according to a first invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view for explaining a manufacturing method according to a second invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of one embodiment of the self-propelled carriage of the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an elevational cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, in which the left half is in a state in which the carrier is lowered to lower the formwork, and the right half is in a state in which the carrier is further pushed down and the bogie is lifted by a reaction force.

FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 4, with a power supply reel vehicle added.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 4 Self-propelled truck 5 Curing station 6 Passage along curing station 9 Truck path inside curing station 10 Form support 15 Hydraulic cylinder 16 Floating leg 17 Auxiliary guide roller 18 Guide roller

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] 1. A formwork filled with concrete at a casting site is placed on a self-propelled vehicle with an automatic lifting / lowering carrier which is narrower than its lower surface or the lower surface of a form receiving tray, and is advanced to a curing station. In the method for manufacturing a concrete product in which the formwork is lowered to the curing place and both ends are lowered and the carriage is returned, the self-propelled carriage having the concrete-containing formwork placed on the loading platform is run in a factory connected to the curing place and the floor, Stop once at the corner, turn at least the direction of the wheels of the bogie on the spot, advance it, enter the bogie passage in the curing site from the required entrance, and lower the carrier that was pushed up to the height at the time of traveling in advance. By passing the formwork on the formwork stand that stands on both sides of the passage,
A method for manufacturing a concrete product, comprising returning the cart. 2. A concrete-filled formwork is placed on a self-propelled bogie directly or via a receiving bogie at a casting site, and the self-propelled bogie that has run in the factory is located along a curing station where the entrances and exits of a curing station are lined. When you reach the corner to the aisle, stop for a moment, turn at least the direction of the wheels of the self-propelled bogie, run the aisle along the healthcare facility as it is, stop at the entrance to the required healthcare facility, and bring in A method for producing a concrete product, characterized in that the above-mentioned formwork or receiving trolley is sent from a self-propelled trolley into a curing place by means of a dedicated push-in or pull-in facility. 3. The manufacturing apparatus for the manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the self-propelled vehicle is provided at four corners of a rectangular base frame and is capable of turning frontward and sideways, and the base frame. Several hydraulic cylinders provided below the base frame in an arrangement that supports the loading platform horizontally along the top surface and moves up and down automatically, and leg materials hanging down at several places on the loading platform, and floating legs whose lower end does not always reach the road surface The hydraulic cylinder eliminates the pushing force and attaches the floating leg of the cargo bed to the road surface, and further lifts the bogie itself from the road surface by the reaction force of the pushing force, thereby making it easy to change the direction of the wheels. An apparatus for manufacturing concrete products, characterized in that: 4. The concrete product according to claim 3, wherein two of the four wheels of the bogie have a drive motor, and the motor and the wheels change directions together. Manufacturing equipment. 5. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein each of the wheels runs on a floor surface, and a vertical axis guide roller on a lower surface of the bogie runs in a channel-shaped guide material laid on the floor surface. A concrete product manufacturing apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. 6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein two of the groove-shaped guide members are laid in parallel with a passage along a curing station where entrances of the respective truck passages of the curing station are arranged, and a center of each of the truck paths in the curing station. A concrete product manufacturing apparatus characterized in that a break is provided between the two guide members and the guide member at the intersection of the two wheels. 7. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the vertical axis guide roller is disposed on a longitudinal center line of a lower surface of the bogie.
There are auxiliary guide rollers attached to the lower ends of the floating legs on the left and right sides of each of the guide rollers with the center line interposed therebetween, and the auxiliary guide rollers are configured to float the bogie. In this case, there is provided a concrete product manufacturing apparatus having a flange which is placed on both upper edges of the channel-shaped guide member. 8. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the bogie incorporates a set of hydraulic units, rolls down the passage along the healthcare facility following a power supply reel vehicle, and stops the power supply reel vehicle before a required entrance. An apparatus for manufacturing a concrete product, wherein the apparatus is adapted to enter a truck passage in a curing place. 9. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein each of the truck passages in the curing site is constructed by laying a concrete material manufactured in a groove shape in which form supports are arranged on both sides of a flat road surface. An apparatus for manufacturing concrete products, characterized in that: