JP2829622B2 - Shearing method for laminated metal sheet - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for shearing a laminated metal plate, especially a composite metal plate of a resin sandwich type.

[Conventional technology and its technical issues]

BACKGROUND ART A laminated metal plate, particularly a composite metal plate in which a resin is sandwiched between two metal plates, is being used in various fields such as automobiles, electric products, industrial machines, containers, and building materials. Typical examples of the laminated metal sheet include a lightweight laminated steel sheet sandwiched with a resin having a thickness of 0.2 to 1.0 mm for the purpose of weight reduction, and a vibration damped sheet sandwiched with a thin resin of about 30 to 100 μm for obtaining a vibration damping performance. A steel plate.

Such a laminated metal sheet is often subjected to a shearing process in addition to various forming processes such as drawing and bending. In this case, it is desired that the shape of the shearing cut surface is good in terms of commercial value, material yield, and the like.

However, conventionally, for the shearing of laminated metal sheets,
Plasticity and Processing, Vol. 26, No. 291 (April, 1985), p. 412, to the extent that it is considered effective to minimize the clearance in order to prevent lamination of laminated metal sheets, An effective method for shearing with a good cut surface shape without crushing has not been proposed.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method capable of shearing a laminated metal plate into a cut section having a small square deformation and a good squareness. It is in.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention applies a reverse pressing force from below the punch in a state where the composite laminated plate is sandwiched between the die and the plate retainer when shearing the composite laminated plate in which the resin is sandwiched between two metal plates. A configuration in which the upper metal plate that is in contact with the end face of the die by punching, and the lower metal plate that is in contact with the die end face by cutting the die are each separated by cutting deformation, and finally, a shearing process for cutting the resin is created. And

Also, instead of this configuration, when shearing a composite laminate in which a resin is sandwiched between two metal plates, the rotating body on which the punch blade is attached while the composite laminate is mounted on a die and clamped by a clamping means is rotated at a high speed. Due to the speed effect of rotating and shearing with the punch blade, the punch blade bites into the upper metal plate and passes through the resin layer to the lower metal plate in the shearing process to prevent bending of the composite laminate and separate it I have.

Types of shear to which the present invention is applied include cantilever type shearing and closed contour punching.

[Embodiment of the invention]

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, a shearing process was performed on a laminated resin sheet made of resin using a conventional method.

Specimen is steel plate thickness 0.2mm + resin thickness 0.6mm + steel plate thickness 0.2mm
(A material), steel plate thickness 0.3mm + resin thickness 0.4mm + steel plate thickness 0.
Two types of laminated steel plates of 3 mm (B material) were used and a cantilever shear test was performed. Clearance is 5% t, 10% t and 15% for the total thickness (t) of two steel plates and one layer of resin.
t, and the off-cut length L was set to 20 mm.

The results are shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 (a) and (b).
(C). FIG. 13 shows material A, and FIG. 14 shows material B. (A) 5% clearance, (b) 10% clearance
% T and (c) are also 15% t. O is off cut,
R is a maintainer.

From FIGS. 13 and 14, it can be seen that despite the use of the plate retainer, the shape of the off-cut side of both materials A and B is greatly crushed, and large burrs are generated on the reminder side. .

Therefore, in order to investigate the cause of the occurrence of such a cross-sectional defect, the shearing process of the material A having the clearance (C) = 5% t and the mild steel plate having the same thickness were observed. The result is
These are shown in FIGS. (A) is a case of a mild steel sheet,
(B) is a case of a laminated steel plate, 1 and 2 are steel plates, 3 is a resin, 4 is a punch, 5 is a die, and 6 is a plate holder.

Both materials undergo almost the same deformation up to the process, but in the case of mild steel plate, cracks occur in the process and separation occurs, whereas in the case of laminated steel plate, the steel plate on the side in contact with the die end face is also in the process. Since they do not separate, the off-cut side rotates (bends and deforms) greatly. It can be seen that in this process, the thin steel plate (hereinafter referred to as a skin material) and the resin inside are greatly deformed (crushed). Further, the punch is lowered to perform separation (process). In this case, the skin material in contact with the end surface of the die is separated in a tear-off state, and a large burr is generated. This means that even if the set clearance is 5% t, the actual clearance for one skin material is 25% t = [(0.05 / 0.2) × 10
0], and bending occurs in the shearing process.

In addition, the present inventors have also proposed a steel sheet thickness
A punching experiment was performed on 1.0 mm + resin plate thickness 45 μm + steel plate thickness 1.0 mm with various clearances. The results are shown in FIGS. 16 (a) to (d). (A) Clearance 2.5% t, (b) 5% t, (C) 10%
% T and (d) are also 15% t. Clearance is 2.
Two steel plates near the cut surface are peeled off in a small range of 5 to 10% t. 1 is a steel plate, 2 is a steel plate, 3 is a resin, and S is a peeled portion. This is because, when the clearance is small, the outer dimension (product outer diameter) of the material on the side near the punch end face of the product (extracted portion) is larger than the die hole diameter.
That is, it is considered that the curvature of the product generated at the time of the punching after the separation was recovered, and the product section was pulled out while being rubbed by the die surface.

As a measure for preventing this separation, it is conceivable to set a large clearance. However, when the clearance is large, the shape (squareness) of the cut cross section is extremely deteriorated. Therefore, in order to improve the perpendicularity of the cross section of the cut surface and prevent the peeling from occurring, the punch is punched in a state where the clearance is reduced and the material is not curved. If the separation is performed while preventing the bending of the material in the shearing process as described above, a light-weight laminated steel sheet can have a good square cross-section with a small deformation such as crushing. Further, in the vibration damping steel plate, a cut section having a good squareness without peeling can be obtained.

(Cantilever type shearing)

1 to 3 show an example in which the present invention is applied to cantilever shearing using a parallel blade.

Material W, a skin material sandwiched with resin 3,
2 is fed into a parallel blade type shearing machine 8 by a material feeding device 7. The shearing machine 8 has a lower die 8b fixed to a table, and the upper die 8a is raised and lowered at a required speed by, for example, a crank press. The upper die 8a is provided with a punch 4 and a plate holder 6, and the lower die 8b is provided with a die 5 having a predetermined clearance (for example, 15% or less) with the punch 4.
Is installed.

Such a shearing machine 8 is known, but in the present invention, a lower presser 9 is disposed on the lower die 8b in a relation to face the punch 4, so that the material W is pressed toward the punch 4 during shearing. Is what you do. In the illustrated example, the reverse presser 9 uses an elastic body such as rubber. Instead of this, a method of applying a fluid pressure from the plate and the bias (springs) and from behind may be used. The reverse pressing force, that is, the reverse pressing load / shear area, is preferably 1 kgf / mm ² or more when the composite metal sheet has a large resin thickness such as a lightweight laminated steel sheet.

FIG. 3 shows the shearing process according to the invention.
As shown in (a), the material W is clamped by the punch 4 and the reverse presser 9 in the thickness direction on the off-cut side while being held between the die 5 and the presser 6. When the punch 4 descends from this state, the upper skin material 1 in contact with the end face of the punch 4 is cut by the punch 4 as shown in FIG. Next, the skin material 2 in contact with the end surface of the die is cut by the biting of the die 5 as shown in (c), and finally the resin 3 is cut as shown in (d) and (e).

As is apparent from a comparison between FIG. 3 and FIG. 15 (b), in the conventional method (FIG. 15 (b)), the off-cut side of the material undergoes bending deformation in the shearing process, and the punch 4 descends to raise the material. It is sheared in the order of skin 1 → resin 3 → lower skin 2. However, in the present invention, the pressure is clamped from above on the off-cut side by the punch 4 and the lower presser, and the shearing is performed by restraining the lower presser 9 so as not to bend by the pushing force. Therefore, unlike the conventional method, first, the upper and lower skin materials 1 and 2 are cut off by cutting deformation similar to the pressing of the punch 4 and the die 5 as projections, and a separation surface is generated. Therefore, according to this method, the skin material is not separated in a state where the skin material is torn, and the skin materials 1 and 2 and the resin 3 are not separated.
Are cut without being crushed, and a good cut sectional shape is obtained.

(High-speed shearing)

5 to 8 show an example in which cantilever-like shearing is performed using a high-speed shearing method as a bending preventing means. In this example, a rotary blade shearing machine capable of setting a shear rate in a stepless manner is used. The flywheel 2 is rotated by a variable speed motor 11 via a brake 12, and this power is used as a cyclo reduction gear 14 and / or a reduction gear. After the number of rotations is reduced to a predetermined value in the section 15, the material W is cut by the shearing machine section 16.

The shearing unit 16 has a punch 16b as a rotary blade mounted on a rotary body 16a as shown in FIG. 6, and a die is formed on a base side so that a predetermined clearance C can be secured to the tip of the punch blade 16b.
16c is provided swingably via a pivot shaft 16d. 6 is a clamping means.

The material W is sent out by an air cylinder or the like after detecting that the punch blade 16b has passed the die 16c (for example, by a photoelectric tube), and is again rotated above the die.
Is cut by The off-cut material falls downward, and the material W is automatically or manually retracted from the blade of the die to prevent cutting twice.

The advantage of such a rotary high-speed shearing machine is that
Gear ratio setting by changing gears and cyclo reducer
Combination of gear 14 (fixed gear ratio) and transmission motor 11
In order to be able to change the cutting speed completely steplessly from about 0.1 to 10m / s, and to be able to cut in both low speed and high speed ranges, the flywheel should be directly connected to the motor and the downstream side of the flywheel The reduction gear must be arranged on the (closer side), and if the rotary diameter of the rotary blade becomes large, the reduction gear becomes extremely large and the equipment becomes expensive. However, this difficulty can be avoided, and cutting at high speed is also possible. No extra energy processing is required after the operation.

FIG. 7 shows the trajectory of the rotary blade by this method, and FIGS. 8 (a) to 8 (f) show the behavior of the material W during shearing. As is apparent from FIG. 8, the shear mode is the first mode.
The shearing is similar to the cantilever beam shearing by the right-angled punch and die shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 3. Since the effect of increasing the speed, that is, the effect of inertia works instead of the reverse holding, the higher the speed, the more the main side and the off-cut side. Can improve the straightness of the cut surface shape. Although the cut surface by this method has burrs, it is characterized in that the cut surface of the resin 3 becomes a smooth surface. The distortion on the off-cut side can be reduced as the speed increases, and the straightness of the cut surface can be significantly improved by at least 3 m / s or more, depending on the type of steel used.

[Closed contour punching]

FIG. 10 shows an example of closed contour punching of a composite laminated metal plate to which the present invention is applied. 17 is a die holder arranged on a bed or the like, 18 is a punch holder, and guide posts 19, 19
, The balance guide is provided. Reference numeral 20 denotes a punch attached to the punch holder 18, and reference numeral 21 denotes a plate holder, which is urged by a compressible means 22 such as a spring or rubber attached to the punch holder 18. 23 is a dice.

Generally, closed contour punching has less material bending (curvature) than cantilever shearing. However, in order to obtain a better cut cross-section, using a plate presser 21 to hold the plate around the material during shearing Minimally, it is necessary to punch with a punch 20 and a die 22 while applying force. The reason for this is that if the clearance becomes large without the plate retainer, the resin will protrude from the shearing cut surface, but if the plate retainer 21 is used, bending of the material will be suppressed, and this phenomenon can be prevented.

More preferably, the punching speed is increased to, for example, 4 m / sec or more. This speed-up includes an electromagnetic press that applies a mechanical hammering force to the shank 23 and an electromagnetic force applied to the acceleration of the ram by a large impact current. When such high-speed punching is used together, due to the effect of the speed, the deformation of the skin materials 1 and 2 is small, and the shear mechanism shifts to separation of the resin 3 by crack penetration instead of tension or secondary shearing. Therefore, a cut cross section with small irregularities can be obtained, and the surface roughness of the resin 3 can be improved as in the case of cantilever shearing.

In this punching, as shown in FIG. 10, it is also recommended to use the reverse presser 9 to hold the material W between the punch 20 and the punching. According to this, as in the case of the cantilever type shear, first, the upper and lower skin materials 1 and 2 are separated by cutting deformation similar to the pressing of the punch 20 and the die 23, and then the resin 3 is separated. Even if the clearance is increased, a good cut with less burrs can be obtained.

The reverse presser 9 is effective in both high-speed punching and crank medium-speed punching, and is particularly effective as a type of laminated plate for a damping steel plate having a thin resin layer. That is,
In the case of this type of composite laminate, the skin material near the cut surface is easily peeled off when the clearance is as small as 10% t or less as described above. However, when a reverse presser is used, the material is bent at the time of punching. In addition to improving the perpendicularity of the cross section of the cut, the cut-out side cross section is not rubbed by the side surface of the die, so that resin separation can be prevented.
Although this back holding force depends on the material of the skin material, it is generally 5 kgf
/ mm ² or more is required, and the effect of preventing peeling is poor with a reverse pressing force lower than this. In addition, the magnitude of the reverse pressing force is also related to the thickness (the thickness ratio) of the two skin materials.
If it is not 1, the reverse pressing force is large, for example, 8 to 12 kgf
/ mm ² is preferable.

〔Example〕

 Next, examples of the present invention will be described.

Example 1 1) Cantilever beam shearing of a lightweight laminated steel sheet was performed according to the present invention.

Shearing is average speed with a parallel blade attached to the crank press
Performed at a processing speed of 0.1 m / s or more. The tool clearance is based on the total thickness (t) of two skin materials and one layer of resin.
5, 10, and 15% t, and the off-cut length was 20 mm.

2) The test lightweight laminated steel sheet is as follows.

A material: 0.2 mm for both skin materials 1 and 2, resin 0.6 mm, skin material: SPCE, resin: polyethylene B material: 0.3 mm for both skin materials 1, 2, resin 0.4 mm, skin material: SPCE, resin: polyethylene As a rubber block under the punch,
In the shearing process, a reverse pressing force of 1 kgf / mm ² was applied.

3) The results are shown in FIG. 4-A (material A) and 4-B
It is as shown in FIG. In each figure, (a) shows a clearance of 5% t, (b) shows a 10% t, and (c) shows a 15% t. As is apparent from comparison with the conventional method shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, it can be seen that deformation such as crushing is extremely small and a cut section having a good squareness is obtained. In particular, in the present invention, generation of burrs is hardly recognized even when the clearance is increased to 15% t. This is due to the fact that the upper and lower skin materials were separated by cutting in a manner similar to pushing of the protrusion.

Example 2 The materials A and B were sheared at high speed using a rotary blade type shearing machine shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, with a blade edge diameter of 250 mmφ and a shearing speed of 4 m / s.

The results are shown in Fig. 9-A (material A) and Fig. 9-B (material B).
Shown in In each figure, (a) shows a clearance of 5
% T, (b) is 10% t, and (c) is 15% t. From FIGS. 9-A and 9-B, it can be seen that the crushing is small, the straightness is good, and the cut surface of the resin is clearly sheared.

Example 3 1) For material A, use a crank press (shear speed 0.1 m / s).
(See below) for round punching (without plate presser, with plate presser)
And high-speed punching of a hammer (weight 34kgf) (shear speed 4.0
m / s). Die hole diameter 21.5mm as a punching die
Change the clearance on one side by changing φ and punch diameter.
A uniset that can be set to 05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30 mm was used.

2) FIG. 11-A shows a punching section in the case where there is no sheet presser by a crank press, FIG. 11-B shows a case where there is a sheet presser by a crank press, and FIG. In each figure, (a) is a clearance of 5% t, (b) is 10%.
t, (c) is 15% t.

As is apparent from the drawings, the high-speed punching shows that the skin material has a small bend, a cut section with small irregularities is obtained, and the surface roughness of the resin is also improved.

Example 4 1) A damping steel plate was punched according to the present invention.

The following materials were used as test materials. All thicknesses are 2.
0mm, resin is polyester, steel plate is SPCC.

C material: Upper skin 0.6 mm, resin 45 μm, lower skin 1.4 mm D material: Upper skin 0.8 mm, resin 45 μm, lower skin 1.2 mm E material: Upper skin 1.0 mm, resin 45 μm, lower skin 1.0 mm 2) Punching is performed Using the crank press of Example 3, the circular punch had a punch outer diameter of 49.98 mm, a die hole diameter of 50.02 mm, and a clearance of 0.02 mm on one side (1% t). A rubber block was used as the back presser.

3) Punching was performed by changing the reverse pressing force in various ways, and the presence or absence of peeling was examined. In the peeling, a part of the sheared surface was cut off in the radial direction to a depth of 1 mm, and it was judged that there was peeling when the two skin materials in the cut off part were separated on the resin surface. As a result, peeling was completely prevented by applying a reverse pressing force of 5 kgf / mm ² or more, especially 7 kgf / mm ² or more.

4) Next, in order to examine the relationship between the difference in the thickness ratio of the upper skin and the lower skin and the reverse pressing force, materials C, D, and E, and materials in which the thicknesses of the upper skin and the lower skin were reversed in these materials. Was punched under the conditions of a clearance of 1% t and a reverse pressing force of 10 kgf / mm ² .

The results are shown in FIGS. 12 (a) to (h). (A) ~
(D) shows no reverse press, and (e) to (h) show reverse press. At any plate thickness ratio, peeling occurs when there is no reverse press, but when reverse press force is applied, peeling occurs. It can be seen that no cross-section occurs and a good cross section with a right angle is obtained.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to claim 1 of the present invention described above, in shearing a composite laminate in which a resin is sandwiched between two metal plates, a reverse pressing force is applied from below the punch with the composite laminate sandwiched between a die and a plate retainer. The upper metal plate that is in contact with the end face of the die is cut by punching, and the lower metal plate that is in contact with the die end face is then cut by cutting the die, creating a shearing process that cuts the resin at the end. Therefore, the composite laminate obtained by sandwiching the resin can be sheared into a cut section having a good squareness with little deformation such as crushing and also prevented from peeling, and an excellent effect that it can be implemented at low cost can be obtained.

According to the second aspect, in shearing a composite laminate in which a resin is sandwiched between two metal plates, the composite laminate is arranged on a die, and a punch is attached to the die while clamping by a clamping means to rotate the rotating body at a high speed. The punch effect causes the punch blade to shear, and the punch blade cuts into the upper metal plate and passes through the resin layer to the lower metal plate. The straightness of the cut on the side and the off-cut side can be improved, and an excellent effect that the cut surface of the resin can be made smooth can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example applied to a cantilever type shearing of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a shearing type, and FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (e) are explanatory views showing a shearing process. FIGS. 4-A (a)-(c) and FIGS. 4-B (a)-(c)
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing an incision when shearing is performed with two materials and different clearances. FIG. 5 is a side view showing an example of a shearing machine used when the present invention is applied to high-speed shearing. FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a shearing state. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the trajectory of the rotary blade. 8 (a) to 8 (f) are cross-sectional views showing a process at the time of high-speed shearing. 9-A (a)-(c) and 9-B (a)-(c)
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a cut surface when two kinds of materials are sheared at high speed with different clearances. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a punching die when the present invention is applied to closed contour punching. 11-A (a) to (c) are cross-sectional views showing, for each clearance, cut edges of punching by a low-speed press without a plate holder. FIGS. 11A to 11C are cross-sectional views each showing a cut edge of low-speed press punching using a plate holder for each clearance. FIGS. 11A to 11C are cross-sectional views showing cuts at respective clearances in the case of high-speed punching. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a cutout when punching is performed on the damping steel sheet, and (a) to (d) show no reverse holding;
(E) to (h) show the case with the reverse presser. FIGS. 13 (a) to 13 (c) and FIGS. 14 (a) to 14 (c) are sectional views showing cuts of two types of materials by a conventional cantilever shearing method for each clearance. FIG. 15 shows a conventional cantilever type shearing process,
(A) shows the case of a mild steel sheet, and (b) shows the case of a composite laminate. FIGS. 16 (a) to 16 (d) are cross-sectional views showing cuts of respective clearances when a vibration damping steel plate is punched by a conventional method. 1 ... skin material (upper metal plate), 2 ... skin material (lower metal plate), 3 ... resin, 6 ... plate holder, 4 ... punch, 5 ...
... Die, 9 ... Reverse presser, 16a ... Rotating body, 16b ... Punch blade

Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Tsutomu Aoki 19 Fukutech Co., Ltd., Showa-numa, Shobu-cho, Minami-Saitama-gun, Saitama Prefecture (56) References JP-A-61-270016 (JP, A) JP-A-63-229214 (JP) JP-A-58-109217 (JP, A) JP-A-56-134114 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B23D 15/00

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] When a composite laminate having a resin sandwiched between two metal plates is sheared, a reverse pressing force is applied from below the punch in a state where the composite laminate is sandwiched between a die and a plate retainer, thereby punching the punch. By separating the upper metal plate in contact with the end surface of this, then the lower metal plate in contact with the die end surface by biting the die by cutting deformation,
Finally, a shearing method for a laminated metal sheet, wherein a shearing process for cutting a resin is created. 2. The shearing of a composite laminated plate in which a resin is sandwiched between two metal plates, the composite laminated plate is arranged on a die, and a rotating body having a punch blade attached thereto is rotated at high speed while being clamped by a clamping means. Due to the speed effect of shearing by the punch blade, the punch blade bites into the upper metal plate, prevents bending of the composite laminate in the shearing process reaching the lower metal plate through the resin layer, and performs separation. Shearing method for laminated metal sheets. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the shearing comprises closed contour punching. 4. The composite laminate according to claim 1, wherein the composite laminate has a resin layer of 0.2 to 1.0 mm represented by a lightweight laminated steel plate, and the reverse pressing force is set to 1 kgf / mm ² or more.
3. The method for shearing a laminated metal sheet according to item 1. 5. The composite laminate according to claim 1, wherein said composite laminate is a damped steel plate.
It has a resin layer of 0 μm and has a reverse pressing force of 5 kgf / mm
4. The method for shearing a laminated metal sheet according to claim 1, wherein the shearing is performed as ^two or more.