JP2829558B2 - Equivalent temperature sensor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a thermal sensation felt by the human body [equivalent temperature Teq (Equivalent Temper).
at least one temperature sensor used in a thermal sensation calculation device that calculates the temperature.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There is an equivalent temperature Teq as an evaluation index of a thermal environment felt by a human body, that is, a thermal sensation. This equivalent temperature Teq is the actual non-isothermal / air temperature / average radiation temperature MRT
(Mean Radia n t Temperatur
e) The virtual temperature of the isotherm (air temperature = MRT), which is capable of dissipating the same amount of heat as that of a person in a windy environment and dissipating only by radiation and convection without wind, ie, temperature, radiation, and airflow It is a dry sensible temperature. As one method for obtaining the equivalent temperature Teq, a heater is incorporated in the sensor body,
There has been proposed a method of controlling the amount of electric power supplied to the heater to keep the temperature of the sensor body (sensor temperature) Tcr at a constant value (for example, 36.5 ° C.) (eg, Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-12569). JP, JP-A-4-131653, etc.). According to such a method, the equivalent temperature Teq can be calculated by measuring the amount of electric power supplied to the heater and performing a predetermined calculation.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a conventional example of such an equivalent temperature sensor used for measuring the degree of thermal environment, for example, measuring the indoor temperature environment mounted on a wall surface of a room and controlling an air conditioner. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the configuration of the overall thermal sensation calculation device. In these drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a sensor main body, 2 denotes a heater disposed in the sensor main body 1, and 3 denotes a temperature sensor embedded in the sensor main body 1, and these constitute an equivalent temperature sensor. The sensor main body 1 is formed of a material having excellent thermal conductivity, such as copper or aluminum, and has a generally cylindrical shape imitating the shape of a human body. The temperature sensor 3 may be of any type as long as it can convert the temperature into an electric signal. When measuring the degree of thermal environment, the set temperature value calculation unit 4 calculates a set temperature value Tsk based on the temperature Ta and the thermal resistance Icl of the clothes, and sets the sensor temperature Tcr to match the set temperature value Tsk. The heater power H to the heater 2 of the measuring unit (equivalent temperature sensor) is controlled, and the temperature Ta, the thermal resistance I of the clothes,
An equivalent temperature Teq ^* is calculated based on cl, set temperature Tsk , and heater power H. As a result, the airflow velocity Vai
Even when r is large, the equivalent temperature Teq matches the equivalent temperature Teq felt by the human body with high accuracy, and accurate measurement of the equivalent temperature becomes possible.

[0004]

As described above, the equivalent temperature Teq is obtained from the radiation, airflow, and temperature received by the human body. In the conventional equivalent temperature sensor, as described above, the shape of the human body is regarded as a column, and the sensor main body 1 is formed in a columnar shape similar to this. However, since the shape of the actual human body is not a cylinder, the airflow characteristics and the radiation characteristics of the sensor are different from those of the human body, and there is a problem that a measurement error occurs.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to reduce a measurement error by approximating the airflow characteristics and radiation characteristics of a sensor to those of a human body. An object of the present invention is to provide an equivalent temperature sensor that does not occur and can measure an equivalent temperature more accurately.

[0006]

To achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a heater, a sensor body, and a temperature sensor, and the surface temperature of the sensor body detected by the temperature sensor is constant. In the equivalent temperature sensor that controls the heating heater to detect changes with respect to the temperature, wind speed, and the like, the sensor body includes front, side, and upper
The projection area coefficient viewed from the three directions has a shape similar to the projection area coefficient of the human body.

[0007]

According to the present invention, the sensor main body is located on the front, side and side.
Since the projected area coefficient viewed from the three directions above and above has a shape similar to the projected area coefficient of the human body, it has the same radiation and airflow sensitivity as the human body.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing an embodiment of an equivalent temperature sensor according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view. In the drawing, the same components as those of the conventional sensor shown in FIG. 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
In these figures, the present invention is one in which the sensor main body 1 constituting the case of the equivalent temperature sensor 5 is formed in a vertically long thin box shape which approximates the ratio of the projected area coefficient from the top and bottom, left and right, and front and rear directions of the human body. is there. The sensor body 1 is formed of a metal such as copper or an aluminum alloy or a plastic, and has a size of, for example, a height U = 60 mm and a length L = 24.
mm and a thickness B = 16 mm, a heater 2 is provided on the outer surface, and a temperature sensor 3 is provided in the center of the inside. Openings 6 and 7 are formed in the upper and lower portions of the front surface of the sensor body 1, respectively, and a wiring board 8 is inserted and fixed in the lower opening 7. Reference numeral 9 denotes a lead wire connecting the temperature sensor 3 and the wiring board 8, and the lead wire 9 is also used as a support for supporting the temperature sensor 3. Reference numeral 10 denotes a screw mounting hole into which a set screw (not shown) is inserted.

[0009] The projected area coefficient Ks is determined by an international standard (ISO).
According to 7726AnnexB, it is represented by the following equation.

[0010]

Here, Apr is the surface area projected in a certain direction, and Ar is the total radiation surface area. The projected area coefficient is related to the shape of the human body or the sensor, and indicates the relative importance of radiant heat from each direction.

The following table shows the projected area coefficients Ks in the standing and sitting positions of the human body, the ellipsoid, and the sphere.

The average radiation temperature Tr using the projected area coefficient Ks is expressed by the following equation.

[0014]

[0015] Therefore, the shape of the sensor main body 1 is calculated by using the following projected area coefficient Ks.
To satisfy the above.

[0016]

Here, K is a coefficient. From the above equation (3) , Ksa = K · Ksa ′ ( 4 ) Ksb = K · Ksb ′ ( 5 ) Ksc = K · Ksc ′ ( 6 ) Therefore, the present invention provides The sensor body 1 having a shape that satisfies Ksa ', Ksb', and Ksc 'as represented by the expressions ( 4 ), ( 5 ), and ( 6 ) is used. In this case, the equivalent temperature coefficient of the sensor body 1 is Ksa ′ =
0.071, Ksb '= 0.207, Ksc' = 0.3
11 satisfies a value approximating the projected temperature coefficient of the human body. When the shape of the sensor body 1 is made to be a shape approximating the value of the projected area coefficient of the human body, the radiation sensitivity (radiant heat transfer coefficient) and the air flow sensitivity (convective heat transfer coefficient) of the sensor itself are obtained.
Is close to that of a human body, so the error is smaller than that of a conventional sensor, and the equivalent temperature can be measured with higher accuracy.

Here, in the present invention, H;
/ M ² ], hr; radiant heat transfer coefficient [W / (m ² · K)],
A · Vair ⁿ ; convective heat transfer coefficient [W / (m ² · K)],
A: constant, n: constant, Tr: average radiation temperature [° C]
Then, the theoretical equation of the Teq error when there is the thermal resistance R is obtained by the following equation. Measurement part thermal equilibrium type without thermal resistance R

H = hr × (Tcr−hr) + A × Vai
r ⁿ × (Tcr−Ta) (7) Measurement part thermal equilibrium equation with thermal resistance R

[0020]

B. W. "HOW" by Olesen et al.
TO MEASURE MEANRADIANT OP
MA quoted as "ERATIVE AN1"
DSEN, T .; L. , "Measurement of
thermal comfort and desco
mfort "Indoor Climate" dani
sh Building research inst
According to itute, Copenhagen, 1979.
For example, the equation representing the equivalent temperature Teq is

Equation (8) is solved for Tr to obtain
Teq obtained by substituting into equation (9), and Teq
Teq obtained by solving for r and substituting it into equation (9)
Is the error e, which is expressed by the following equation (where:
Tcr = Tsk) .

From the above equations ( 7 ) and ( 8 ), the error e of Teq when there is a thermal resistance R is expressed by the following equation.

[0024]

According to the equation (10), the larger the thermal resistance R, the larger the error
e increases, the sensor body 1 of the present invention has a thermal resistance R
Is desirable.

FIGS. 4 to 9 show Ksa, Ksb and K, respectively.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the sensor main body satisfying sc.
4 to 8 show the case of standing, and FIG. 9 shows the case of sitting. The dimensions are ratios.

FIG. 4 shows a height U = 950, L = 400, B =
253 is an example formed in a vertically long thin box type. in this case,
Ksa '= 0.0622, Ksb' = 0.1789, K
sc ′ = 0.2723.

FIG. 5 is a view in which the front view shape is formed substantially equal to the human body front view shape. The dimensions of each part are: U = 237
5, L = 1000, B = 564, F = 700, F U = 1
000, Ksa '= 0.0622, Ksb' = 0.17
89, Ksc '= 0.2722.

FIG. 6 shows a front view of the human body, which is formed to be substantially the same as the front view of the human body. The size of each part, U =
1000, L = 400, B = 2725, F = 332.8
7, F U = 1500, T = 50, TL = 200, Ks
a '= 0.0609, Ksb' = 0.1712, Ksc
= 0.2665 '.

FIG. 7 shows an example in which it is formed in a vertically long thin box shape having an elliptical shape in plan view. The dimensions of each part are: U = 50, L = 26, B =
16, T = 9, D = 15, Ksa ′ = 0.0079,
Ksb '= 0.226 and Ksc' = 0.347.

FIG. 8 shows a vertically long thin box shape, U = 39.
4, an example is shown in which L = 90 and B = 137. In this case, Ksa ′ = 0.0006, Ksb ′ = 0.174
2. Ksc '= 0.652.

FIG. 9 shows a vertically long thin box. U = 3333, L = 2727, B = 2000, K
sa ′ = 0.1286, Ksb ′ = 0.571, Ks
c ′ = 0.2143. Each of these shapes has a value approximating the projected area coefficient Ksa, Ksb, Ksc of the human body.

[0033]

As described above, according to the equivalent temperature sensor according to the present invention, the shape of the sensor body is viewed from three directions.
Since the projected area coefficient has a shape similar to the projected area coefficient of the human body, radiation and airflow sensitivity similar to that of the human body can be obtained, and the equivalent temperature can be obtained with higher accuracy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing an embodiment of an equivalent temperature sensor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the sensor body satisfying Ksa, Ksb, and Ksc.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the sensor body satisfying Ksa, Ksb, and Ksc.

FIG. 6 is a view showing another embodiment of the sensor body satisfying Ksa, Ksb, and Ksc.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the sensor body satisfying Ksa, Ksb, and Ksc.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the sensor body satisfying Ksa, Ksb, and Ksc.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the sensor body satisfying Ksa, Ksb, and Ksc.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a conventional equivalent temperature sensor.

FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the entire thermal sensation calculating device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sensor main body 2 Heater 3 Temperature sensor 5 Equivalent temperature sensor

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A heater, comprising: a heater, a sensor body, and a temperature sensor, wherein the heater is controlled so that a surface temperature of the sensor body detected by the temperature sensor is constant, thereby controlling a temperature, a wind speed, and the like. In an equivalent temperature sensor for detecting a change, the sensor body is viewed from three directions.
An equivalent temperature sensor, wherein a projected area coefficient has a shape similar to a projected area coefficient of a human body.