JP2828424B2 - Machining method of forming tool by numerical control - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention particularly relates to a cutting edge shape and a flank formed on a cutting edge portion of a tool material such as a full-length end mill or a full-size hail bit which has been pre-processed in advance using a numerically controlled wire electric discharge machine. For forming tools by numerical control for performing machining by electric discharge machining in accordance with a numerical control program, especially for forming grooves that cannot be machined with a normal end mill when processing rubber molds and the like The present invention relates to a forming tool for forming a desired cutting edge shape and a flank surface to be obtained by applying the method to the processing and production of a shaped end mill and a shaped hail bite.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a metal mold, especially a rubber mold, is manufactured from a metal material by a cutting method, it is often necessary to manufacture a metal mold having a groove formed in a shape that cannot be processed by an ordinary end mill. It has occurred. In such a case, a milling method using a form end mill and a hale method using a form hale bite have been conventionally performed.

[0003] A forming tool such as a forming end mill and a forming hail bite is required to have a desired cutting edge shape to be obtained in a cutting edge portion of the forming tool, and therefore, the cutting tool of the forming tool is required. Various processing methods have been conventionally proposed for processing and manufacturing the blade portion, and these methods have been put into practical use. For example, a method of processing and manufacturing a desired cutting edge shape and flank to be obtained by a grinding method using a profile grinder on a cutting edge portion of a tool material of a pre-formed forming tool has been used.

[0004] On the other hand, there has been proposed a method of machining the cutting portions of various tools including a cutting tool using a so-called wire electric discharge machining method. For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-299632 discloses that a plurality of cutter blades each having a blade portion are installed in a plurality of holding grooves formed in an outer peripheral portion of a cutter head. Discloses a wire electric discharge machining method in which a wire electrode is inclined by wire electric discharge machining or a shape machining is performed in a state where a cutter blade is inclined.

[0005] Also, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 3-117565 discloses that
When manufacturing a multi-disk cutter provided with a large number of disk-shaped disk cutters on a cylindrical mandrel body at equal intervals in the mandrel axis direction and parallel coaxially, the cylindrical mandrel material is placed in a fluid bath. Rotate, align a number of long wires on the mandrel material in the tangential direction, apply a voltage pulse between them, perform electric corrosion, that is, electrical discharge machining, cut a number of grooves in the cylindrical mandrel,
A method for forming a cutter blade between grooves is disclosed.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-88721 discloses that a wire electrode traveling path is formed in a shape corresponding to a work shape of a work, and the shape of a tip end portion of a work, particularly a punch used for press working such as a punch with an R seat. Discloses a method of processing by using wire electric discharge machining.

[0007]

However, the above-mentioned conventional method for forming tools and various other tools according to the prior art, when manufacturing rubber molds and the like, has a problem in forming grooves or grooves which cannot be processed by an ordinary end mill. For example, when there is a portion having a cross-sectional shape that cannot be cut by the blade at the end mill end or a cross-sectional shape that is difficult to cut at the bottom of the groove, or when the cross-sectional shape of each of a plurality of grooves differs, There are various problems that cannot be directly applied to machining a desired cutting edge shape to be obtained in a shaped end mill or a full-sized hail bite.

For example, in the case of performing a grinding process using the profile grinder described above, it is necessary to cut the grinder, that is, the grindstone into the area to be ground. Yes, and the whetstone needs to be replaced appropriately according to the width of the groove.
In addition, although the grinding process is performed manually by a skilled worker, it is difficult to obtain an accurate desired shape when the shape is complicated.

Further, in the method of machining a cutter blade by the wire electric discharge machining method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-299632, in the process of successively machining a plurality of cutter blades of a full-form milling cutter, an axis center of the cutter head is required. Because there is no means for indexing and positioning of
It is not possible to machine with the cutter head attached to the cutter head, and therefore it is not possible to machine the cutting edge shape of an end mill having a plurality of teeth.

Further, the method of machining a tool disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-117565 is characterized by machining a large number of equally-spaced, parallel coaxial polishing cutter disks. The blade is not machined with an inclined portion or a special shape, and therefore does not make full use of the taper machining function. Therefore, there is a problem that it cannot be applied to machining of a desired shape of a cutting edge and a flank of a forming tool.

In the method of processing a punch with an R-seat by a wire electric discharge machine disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-88721, the processing is performed by a processing apparatus formed as a dedicated machine for the punch processing. Therefore, it is impossible to use this to process a full-form end mill or a full-size hail bite having a cutting edge on the side surface. In view of the prior art as described above, a cutting edge having a desired shape to be obtained according to the demand for the shape of a molded product manufactured by die molding, which is used in the recent production of a mold, particularly a rubber mold, is provided. There is a demand for providing a tool processing method capable of processing the cutting edge portion of the formed end mill or the formed hail bite with high accuracy and high efficiency.

In view of the above-mentioned demands, an object of the present invention is to make it possible to automatically and precisely form a cutting edge portion of a forming tool having a desired cutting edge shape to be obtained. It is intended to provide a machining method for forming tools.

[0013]

According to the present invention, there is provided a cutting edge shape having a desired shape to be obtained in a cutting edge forming portion of a blank forming tool material in which a basic shape corresponding to a tool diameter, a tool length, etc. is pre-processed in advance. Escape
In order to machine the beveled surface, a wire electric discharge machine having a taper machining function and a rotary indexing shaft capable of indexing and positioning is prepared. Is mounted as a workpiece, and based on a cutting electrode machining program that also incorporates machining data such as the number of blades and clearance angle into a numerical control program created according to a desired cutting edge shape to be obtained in advance, a wire electrode and By controlling the relative movement with respect to the workpiece, the machining of the cutting edge and the flank on the cutting edge forming portion of the forming tool is continuously and automatically performed by electric discharge machining.

That is, according to the present invention, in a method of processing the shape of the cutting edge of a forming tool having a desired cutting edge shape to be obtained, the desired cutting edge shape to be formed on the forming tool is the second A machining program of the shape of the cutting edge including the flank shape is created in advance, and a numerically controlled wire electric discharge machine having a rotary indexing shaft capable of indexing positioning and a taper machining function is used.
Set the basic shape according to the tool diameter and tool length in advance.
Prepare the tool material of the forming tool pre-processed in the part,
Insert the shank part of the tool material into the work mounting part of the rotary indexing shaft.
Cutting edge mounted, for machining the cutting edge shape of the forming tool to the tool material executes a machining program in which the previously prepared to
A machining step and a flank surface for machining the second flank shape
Provided is a method of machining a forming tool by numerical control in which a machining process is continuously performed by wire electric discharge machining.

[0015]

As described above, according to the method of machining a forming tool by numerical control using a wire electric discharge machine, even when the cutting edge has various cross-sectional shapes, or at the bottom of the blade groove. If the end mill has a corner cross-sectional shape that cannot be machined into the desired shape with a normal end mill, or if the profile grinder has a complicated blade groove shape that requires machining to be progressed while changing the grinder repeatedly. Even when the formed tool to be processed is to be processed, it is possible to perform processing into a desired cutting edge shape by performing only one setup. Therefore, processing can be advanced with high efficiency. In addition, the flank surface is processed, for example, the first and second flank surfaces are formed into a two-step flank to form a cutting edge shape.
Cutting edge formation and flank first
A flank machining process that is performed continuously and then performed continuously
So that the flank second
Also, it is possible to easily process by dividing the wire electrode and the work by tapering by tilting the relative angle between the wire electrode and the work. You can do it.

[0016] The forming tool is particularly used for processing rubber molds.
Either a general end mill or a general hail bite suitable for manufacturing, it can be easily manufactured by applying the processing method of the present invention.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a two-blade end mill having cutting blades having various cross-sectional shapes manufactured and processed by the method of processing a forming tool by numerical control according to the present invention, and the same end mill having the same shape. Sectional view of the machined shape to be cut into the workpiece, FIG.
Is a cross-sectional view of the end mill viewed from the line AA in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a wire electric discharge machine used for carrying out the method of machining a forming tool by numerical control according to the present invention, in particular, performing electric discharge machining with a workpiece in a region where a wire electrode travels in a vertical direction. FIG. 4 is a front view and a block diagram of a basic configuration showing a state where the wire electric discharge machine and the workpiece are mounted according to the embodiment, FIG. 4 is a side view seen from the direction of arrow B in FIG. 3, and FIG. substantially shows an example of display data of a display screen provided on the numerical control and power supply unit示図, 6, the bottom shape of the form-end mill 2 flute through a microscope that is provided in the wire electric discharge machine shown in FIG. 3 It is a microscope field view showing the state of the tool end face when viewing the
(A) is a diagram showing the relationship between the crosshairs and the rake face when the rake face of the pre-processed material of the overall end mill is correctly processed, and (b) is a rake face of the pre-processed material of the overall end mill. It is a figure when processing is insufficient and there is a mismatch between a microscope cross line and a rake face. FIGS. 7A and 7B are views showing examples of a full-shaped tool bite for side processing having a cutting edge shape manufactured and processed by the forming tool processing method according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 7A is a front view, and FIG. ) Is a bottom view as viewed from the direction of arrow C in FIG. 8A, and FIG. 8 is a bottom view showing the shape and shape of a bottom-shaped helical bite manufactured and processed by the forming tool processing method according to the present invention. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a shape of a machining groove machined in a workpiece by a shaped hail bite, and FIG. 9 is a wire electric discharge machine used for carrying out a method of machining a forming tool by numerical control according to the present invention, in particular, a wire electric discharge machine. FIG. 2 is a front view illustrating a state where the wire electric discharge machine and the work are mounted in the embodiment in which electric discharge machining is performed between the electrode and the work in a region where an electrode travels in a horizontal direction.

Referring to FIG. 1, there is shown a forming end mill 10 which is an example of a forming tool manufactured and processed by the method of working a forming tool by numerical control according to the present invention. It has a shank portion 12 and a cutting edge forming region 14 provided in a tip region of the shank portion 12, and the latter cutting edge forming region 14 has a two-blade cutting edge 16
And a rake face 18 provided corresponding to each cutting edge 16.
In the illustrated example, one rake face 18 is shown in a state where it appears in the figure. Such a complete end mill 1
0 is fed into a hole formed in advance in the workpiece W, and is rotated around its longitudinal axis in the direction indicated by the arrow M. The side surface of the hole in the workpiece W is shaped like the cutting edge 16 of the end mill 10 in the form. The groove 20 having a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the above is cut and machined.

As is clear from the drawing, the cutting edge 16 of the end mill 10 has an acute-angled portion 16a at the cross section of the blade groove bottom.
It has various and different shapes such as an arc-shaped portion 16b and a trapezoidal-shaped portion 16c, and the shape of the cutting edge 16 should be obtained in the cutting edge forming region 14 of the tool material in which only the shank portion 12 and the rake face 18 are pre-processed in advance. Processing the cutting blade 16 as a cutting blade of a desired shape,
Manufacturing is almost impossible by the above-mentioned conventional processing method, and is achieved by the numerically controlled forming tool processing method according to the present invention in order to achieve this with high processing efficiency. . FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1, and is a cross-section taken along a trapezoidal portion 16 c of the cutting edge 16 of the end mill 10.
It has a rake face 18, 18 corresponding to the cutting edge 16, 16 of a single blade, and further has both a first flank 17 and a second flank 19 machined and manufactured by the machining method of the present invention. Is shown. In addition, the wire electrode 30 which performs electric discharge machining on the tool material at the time of wire electric discharge machining by a wire electric discharge machine described later has the first flank 17 and the second flank 1.
9 indicates running in a different direction.

Here, there is an example of a wire electric discharge machine used for machining and manufacturing a forming tool such as the above-described forming end mill 10, particularly a structure in which the wire electrode 30 travels in a vertical direction. With reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, a description will be given of a system configuration for processing the formed wire electric discharge machine and the forming tool according to the present invention. 3 and 4,
The wire electric discharge machine according to the present embodiment includes a bed 32, a column 34, a quill 36 supported by the column 34, and a work mount 38 provided on the bed 32 as basic structures. In the Y-axis direction (the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 3) via the axis slider 40,
It is provided so as to be slidable relative to the column 34 in the X-axis direction orthogonal to the Y-axis via the X-axis slider 42 above the axis slider 40 . Further, the quill 36 is provided so as to be capable of sliding displacement in the Z-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis and the Y-axis as required. Quill 36
Has an upper head 44 at its lower end for guiding the traveling of the wire electrode 30, and a lower head 46 vertically opposed to the upper head 44 is formed continuously with the X-axis slider 42 to form a column 34 (FIG. 4). Arm 48 projecting horizontally from the front surface of the work mount 38 into the inside of the work mount 38.
It is held at the upper end. The arm 48 is integrally connected to the X-axis slider 42 so that it can move in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. Therefore, by moving the upper and lower heads 44 and 46 integrally in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, the wire electrode 30 stretched between the two heads can always be maintained in the vertical posture. The long hole portion shown by the broken line in FIG. 3 is a space region provided to allow the arm 48 to protrude and to allow movement in the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

On the other hand, the wire electrode 30 is directed from an upper head 44 to a lower head 46 from a wire electrode supply source (not shown) (for example, a wire electrode bobbin) through a known wire feed roller system such as a guide roller and a tension roller. It travels, and performs wire electric discharge machining utilizing a discharge phenomenon with the work W held on the work mounting table 38 during the traveling.

In carrying out the working method of the present invention, a tool material of a forming tool is gripped as a work W by a chuck 52 of a rotary indexing device 50 described later provided at one end of the work mounting table 38. Holding and performing electrical discharge machining while the wire electrode 30 relatively moves between the workpiece W and the workpiece W.
In addition, as will be described later, by also performing a tapering operation to incline the traveling direction of the wire electrode 30 from the vertical direction, the cutting edge 16 and the first flank 17 and the second flank 17 are formed on the cutting edge forming portion 14 of the work W. The flank 19 is processed.

The quill 36 described above is a two-axis orthogonal to the workpiece W held on the workpiece mounting table 38 while maintaining the wire electrode 30 traveling between the upper and lower heads 44 and 46 in a vertical traveling attitude. Relative to the X-axis slider 42 and the U-axis slider 56
Are provided so as to be movable and displaceable in a U-axis direction parallel to the X-axis via a V-axis slider, and to be movable and displaceable in a V-axis direction parallel to the Y-axis via a V-axis slider 58. That is, the movement displacement of the quill 36 in the U-axis direction and the movement displacement in the V-axis direction are performed as a relative displacement operation of the upper head 44 held by the quill 36 with respect to the lower head 46 held by the arm 48,
Therefore, the wire electrode 30 traveling from the upper head 44 to the lower head 46 is inclined from the vertical direction (see the inclined wire electrode 30 shown in FIG. 4). When a relative movement is given between the wire W and the work W in a state where the wire electrode 30 is tilted in this way, the work W is formed with an inclined surface inclined with respect to the vertical surface, that is, a tapered surface. A wire electric discharge machine provided with the shaft slider 56 and the V-axis slider 58 is defined as a wire electric discharge machine having a taper machining function.

In the present embodiment, the rotary indexing device 50 mounted on the work mounting table 38, that is, the rotary indexing device 50 capable of indexing and rotating around a horizontal axis parallel to the X axis is provided. Forming tool 10 pre-processed on the chuck 52
The workpiece W is gripped by the shank portion 12 of the workpiece W, so that the workpiece W is mounted in such a manner that the workpiece W can be indexed and rotated around the rotation axis of the rotary indexing device 50.

As will be described later, the wire electric discharge machine of the present embodiment has a microscope 60 held at the lower end of the quill 36 via a suitable bracket arm 60a. The work W mounted on the chuck 52 of the rotary indexing device 50 through the microscope 60 has a crosshair provided so as to be coincident with the rotation axis of The center of the work W is provided so as to be coincident with the intersection of the above-described cross lines. By providing the microscope 60 on the quill 36, the microscope 60 can be moved substantially in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions with respect to the rotation center of the rotary indexing device 50. Before mounting, the cross point of the cross line is visually adjusted and matched with the center of rotation of the rotary indexing device 60 in advance, and then the work W is mounted. It goes without saying that measurement of the shape and dimensions of W can be performed.

Here, the rotary indexing device 50 may be mounted on the work mounting table 38 so as to be indexable about a horizontal axis parallel to the Y axis orthogonal to the X axis. The microscope 60 held at the lower end of the quill 36 needs to be provided so as to match the rotation axis of the rotary indexing device 50. The rotation indexing device 5 for the wire electrode 30 traveling between the upper and lower heads 44 and 46 and the work mount 38 described above.
The wire electric discharge machining performed between the workpiece W mounted on the chuck 52 provided on the chuck 0 is performed using the inside of a fixed machining tank 64 as a machining area, and the inside of the bed 32 is indicated by a dotted line. A bed tank 66 is provided, from which the processing liquid is passed through a piping system (not shown), the upper and lower heads 44 and 46 and the processing tank 6.
4 and used for purposes such as cooling and dust removal in the processing area, and is appropriately cooled, purified, and collected in the bed tank 66.

The wire electric discharge machine having the above-described mechanical configuration further includes a numerical control / power supply device 70 as shown in FIG.
A system configuration is provided in which numerical control of electric discharge machining is performed together with supply of electric discharge machining power. Numerical control / power supply 70
Is a numerical control program for executing a desired cutting edge shape and flank machining on the workpiece W therein, the number of teeth of the end mill 10, the flank angle of the flank, the thickness of the cutting edge 16 and the like. Processing data input means 7 for inputting processing data
2. Storage for registering and storing the input processing data and processing conditions of each work W, such as a material, an offset amount, and a basic system program including a basic operation command for each movable portion of the wire electric discharge machine. Means 74,
Work W is calculated from machining data etc.
A program execution means 76 for creating and executing a machining program for performing a predetermined electric discharge machining operation by numerical control on each movable part of the wire electric discharge machine according to the machining program by numerical control output from the program execution means 76 That is, Y-axis slider 40, X-axis slider 42, quill 36, U-axis slider 56, V-axis slider 5
8. Movement for forming and sending a movement control command for causing the rotary indexing device 50, the traveling mechanism (not shown) of the wire electrode 30, and the like to execute the movement required for electric discharge machining of the cutting edge shape and flank of the work W. The control means 78 is provided.

In order to machine the cutting blade 16 having a desired shape to be obtained on the workpiece W by using the wire electric discharge machine having the above-described configuration and to machine the first and second flank surfaces 17 and 19, first, A shank 12 having a predetermined diameter and length as a basic shape of the full-form end mill 10, a cutting blade having a predetermined length, a rake face 18, and the like are machined into a workpiece W.
Is mounted on the chuck 52 of the rotary indexing device 50 of the wire electric discharge machine with the axis horizontal. At this stage,
The intersection of the rake face 18 formed on the work W in the pre-processing stage and the outer diameter of the material is made to coincide with a cross line in the field of view of the microscope 60, thereby establishing an accurate setting position of the work W. The state of establishment of this accurate setting position is shown in FIG.

Next, the above-mentioned machining data of the formed end mill 10 is input from the machining data input means 72 of the numerical control / power supply device 70, and the work W
The amount of offset corresponding to an error value or the like with respect to a design value obtained by measuring the material and the shape and dimensions of the material in the pre-processing stage through the microscope 60 is input. The input machining data and the like are displayed on the display screen of the numerical control / power supply device 70 as shown in FIG. 5, and after confirming the display data on the display screen, the machining process of the cutting edge shape and the flank is started. Be started.

That is, the program execution means 76 of the numerical control / power supply device 70 inputs the processing data and the work W
Based on the data, basic system process, etc., a machining program to be executed on the work W by numerical control is created, and the machining program is sent to the movement control means 78 for execution. At this time, the movement control means 78 sequentially sends the above-described movement commands for moving the various movable parts, and from the processing start point based on the numerical control program to the wire electrode 30.
The electric discharge machining between the workpiece and the workpiece W is started, and the electric discharge machining that follows a machining trajectory according to a desired cutting edge shape is advanced.

Here, the wire electrode 30 running between the upper and lower heads 44 and 46 and the chuck 52 of the rotary indexing device 50 are used.
It is possible to progress machining along a linear trajectory or a curved trajectory by synthesizing relative movements in the directions of the X-axis and the Y-axis with the workpiece W mounted on the By providing indexing rotation to the workpiece W by the indexing device 50, the cutting blade forming portion 14 of the workpiece W is positioned at a predetermined processing position according to the number of blades such as two blades and three blades,
The electric discharge machining can be advanced.

As described above, in the wire electric discharge machining in which the electric discharge machining is advanced between the wire electrode 30 having a thin wire shape and the work W freely along the linear trajectory and the curved trajectory, a predetermined cutting edge shape is set in advance. Since the machining can be progressed by following a predetermined machining trajectory determined by the created numerical control program, the acute-angled cutting edge groove 16a, the arc-shaped corner groove 16b, and the trapezoidal shape shown in FIG. Corner groove 1
6c and other various blade groove shapes without any problem.
Processing can be advanced.

Since the indexing rotation of the chuck 52 by the rotary indexing device 50 is automatically given in accordance with the progress of the processing of the cutting edge shape, the number of blades such as two blades or three blades is reduced. Each of the cutting edges 1
The processing of the cutting edge shape is performed for No. 6. Further, the upper head 44 is relatively displaced with respect to the lower head 46 by imparting movement of the U-axis and the V-axis to the quill 36 independently of the cutting edge shape. As a result, the wire electrode 30 is tilted from the vertical running posture, W can be subjected to taper processing. Therefore, by matching this taper angle with the taper angle data previously input from the processing data input means 72, the desired first, second, etc. relief angles can be obtained. The processed flank surfaces 17 and 19 can be processed and manufactured.

As described above, according to the present invention, the wire electric discharge machine is provided with the microscope 60, and therefore, when machining the two-blade full-form end mill 10, the work W is rotated by the rotary indexing device 50. When mounted on the chuck 52, if the tool material of the end mill 10 is correctly machined in the pre-machining stage, the intersection between the outer diameter of the material and the rake face 18 is As shown in FIG. 6 (a), by properly aligning on the line and thus accurately establishing the initial position around the axis of the work W, the electric discharge machining of the cutting edge shape by the numerical control is always performed. Starting from a fixed position on the workpiece W, high-precision cutting and processing of the cutting edge is realized. Furthermore, if the indexing rotation of 180 ° is simply given to the work W by the rotary indexing device 50, the two-blade end mill 10
The two cutting blades 16 are machined to properly joint can be processed two blades form-end mill with high accuracy in.

On the other hand, in the pre-machining stage of the tool material of the full-form end mill 10, for example, even if the rake face 18 is machined with an error in the pre-machining due to an insufficient cutting amount at the time of machining, this kind of machining is originally performed. Since the machining error amount in the pre-machining stage is not a large error, the intersection between the outer diameter of the tool material and the rake face 18 corresponds to the cross line in the field of view of the microscope in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, even when the alignment is not correctly performed on the line, at the stage of processing and manufacturing each cutting edge 16, the intersection between the outer diameter of the material and the rake face 18 coincides with the crosshair in the field of view of the microscope 60. The workpiece W is rotated around the axis by the rotation of the rotary indexing device 50 consciously to a position where the cutting edge 16 and the cutting blades 16 and 1 and 2 are aligned.
If the flank faces 17 and 19 are machined, the two cutting blades 16 have the same cutting edge shape and can be machined with high precision.

FIG. 7 shows the shape of a cutting edge of a general-purpose hail bite 80 as an embodiment of another general-purpose tool which is machined and manufactured by the method of machining a general-purpose tool by numerical control according to the present invention. 7. In FIG.
Is a shank portion 82 attached to the main shaft of the hale processing device.
And a cutting edge 86 formed on the cutting edge forming portion 84 and a rake face 88. The cutting edge 86 has a flank 87 on the back side of the cutting edge. When processing a groove of a desired shape to be obtained in the work W using such a general-purpose hail bite 80, as shown in FIG. 8, a shank portion 82 is mounted and fixed on a main shaft 90 of a hale processing device. On the other hand,
Work W is placed on a work table (not shown)
8 is mounted and fixed, and the cutting operation by the total-shaped hail bite 80 is advanced by relative movement in both X-axis and Y-axis directions orthogonal to each other between the main shaft 90 and the work table. 3 shows a state in which cutting progresses in the direction indicated by, and a processing groove 92 corresponding to the shape of the cutting blade 86 of the general-purpose hail bite 80 is formed on the surface of the work W. The shank 82 has a slit 8 for absorbing cutting resistance.
1, the slit 81 is machined and manufactured in a pre-machining stage of the tool material of the overall shape hail bite 80.

It should be noted that the hale processing apparatus can apply a cutting feed to the overall shaped hail bite 80 by moving the main shaft 90 downward along the longitudinal axis, and rotate the main shaft 90 about the longitudinal axis to obtain a total The shaped groove 80 can be moved not only in a straight line but also in a curved direction to form a machining groove 92 along a curved locus. In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, when the cutting blade 86 of the full-shaped hail bite 80 has various cutting blade shapes in the side surface region of the cutting blade forming portion 84, the cutting tool 86 described above is used as a whole. By processing the shaped hail bite 80, a processing groove corresponding to the shape of the cutting edge 86 can be formed along the side wall surface of the recess of the work W.

Incidentally, a complete hail bite 80 having a cutting edge 86 having a cutting edge shape and a flank 87 shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b).
In the case where electric discharge machining is performed by numerical control using the wire electric discharge machine shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 described above, the rake face 88 is previously formed on the tool material of the overall shape hail bite 80 as in the case of the overall shape end mill 10. Formed and chuck 5 of the rotary indexing device 50
2 is equipped with a tool material as a workpiece W. At this time,
As shown in FIG. 7, the shank portion 82 has a rectangular shank portion 82, unlike the cylindrical shank portion 12 of the above-described end mill 10, but in this case, a jig having an appropriate cylindrical outer shape. By mounting the work W on the chuck 52, the work W having the square shank portion 82 can be mounted without any trouble.

Next, after setting the rake face 88 to the horizontal line of the crosshairs in the field of view of the microscope 60 to set and establish the initial position, the cutting edge 16 and the cutting edge 16 of the above-described end mill 10 are described in accordance with a numerical control program. The flank 17 can be machined similarly. In particular, in forming the flank 87,
The wire electrode 30 is caused to travel in a state where an inclination angle (taper angle) corresponding to a desired clearance angle input as machining data is applied from the traveling direction in the vertical direction, and machining of a desired cutting edge shape is performed on the X axis and the Y axis. In the same manner as described above by relative movement of the above, it is possible to easily and easily form the full-sized hail bite 80 having various different cutting blade shapes shown in FIG. 7 (a) with only one setup. And the processing can be completed.

Now, in the above description, the end mill 10 and the hail bite 80 are formed by the numerical control according to the present invention.
The case where the forming tool such as is processed by numerical control using a wire electric discharge machine is described, and in particular, the case where the forming is performed using a wire electric discharge machine that runs a wire electrode 30 in a vertical direction has been described. The wire electric discharge machine to be used is not limited to the traveling system of the wire electrode 30 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 in the vertical direction. Next, the traveling system of the wire electrode 30 in the horizontal direction shown in FIG. It is also possible to machine a forming tool having a desired cutting edge shape to be obtained by using a wire electric discharge machine having the same.

Referring to FIG. 9, a wire electric discharge machine according to the present embodiment comprises a bed 100, a column 102 erected on the bed 100, a work base 104 provided at the center of the column 102, Work base 104
A work head 106 which is provided in a protruding shape from the top and is movable in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction) and in the X-axis direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 9 perpendicular to the Y-axis direction, and provided at the lower end of the work head 106 The turning around the vertical axis (B axis) is performed by the chuck 1.
A swivel 108 provided to a work holder 112 to be described later through 10, a left and right guide for the wire electrode 30 held at the tip of an arm protruding into the processing tank 120 in the horizontal direction from below the column 102. Guides 114, 116,
The bed 1 is guided so that the wire electrode 30 driven by a wire feed mechanism to be described later is used and collected after use.
A wire collection tube 122 provided on the top of the wire collection device 100 and a used wire storage device 124 for receiving the used wire electrodes 30 collected by the wire collection tube 122 are provided. In this embodiment of the left and right guides 114 and 116, the left guide 114 is provided so as to be movable in the vertical V-axis direction and the U-axis direction orthogonal to the V-axis direction, as shown in the figure. It is provided for use in a case where so-called taper processing is performed on the work W as described later. The right head 116 adjusts the distance between the left and right heads 114 and 116 in the horizontal Z-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis and the Y-axis, for example, according to the size of the outer diameter of the work W, as shown in the figure. Is provided so as to be able to perform a moving displacement.

The wire feeding mechanism has a mechanism for feeding the wire electrode 30 fed from the wire supply bobbin 130 to the wire feeding roller 134 of the wire feeding device 133 via the guide rollers 131 and 132.
Further, the wire feeding device 133 and the wire feeding roller 134
A repetitive output is given to the wire electrode 30 sandwiched between the endless belt 135 and the endless belt 135 by driving a wire feeding motor M1.
In the area of No. 6, a wire tension adjusting action is given to the wire electrode 30 traveling by the wire tension adjusting weight 139 via the swing arm 138, and then the guide roller 137 is provided.
Through the wire feeding device 140.

The angle sensor 138a is mounted on a swing support shaft of the swing arm 138, detects the swing angle of the swing arm 138 and controls the drive motor M1 for driving the wire feeding roller 134, The feeding amount of the wire electrode 30 toward the downstream dancing roller 136 is controlled to keep the wire tension constant. The wire electrode 30 arriving at the wire feeding device 140 is fed inside the wire feeding device 140 through a wire feeding nozzle 141 in a predetermined traveling direction, and is pressed by pressing rollers 142 and 143.
During the process, the heads 114 and 116 are pressed against the above-described left and right heads 114 and 116, and are guided to maintain a correct horizontal running posture. The wire electrode 30 holds the holder 112 while traveling horizontally between the left and right heads 114 and 116.
The electric discharge machining is performed in the machining tank 120 with the workpiece W which is a tool material of the forming tool held in the machining tool 120, and thereafter, the wire collection cylinder 122 described above is subjected to the traction force by the traction roller 144 and the pinch roller 145. It is configured to be pulled and directed toward.

The wire feeder 140 is provided with a wire feed drive motor M2 for feeding the wire electrode 30 toward the wire feed nozzle 141 via a wire feed roller 140a and a pinch roller 140b. 140a is provided as a drive motor,
A similar drive motor M3 is provided to drive the pulling roller 144 and the pinch roller 145.

The wire electrode 30 and the holder 11 of the work head 106 are also provided by the wire electric discharge machine having the structure of the horizontal traveling type of the wire electrode 30 having the above-described configuration.
It is possible to advance the electric discharge machining between the workpiece W of the forming tool held at 2 and the electric discharge machining between the workpiece W and the wire electrode 30 in both the X axis and the Y axis. The relative movement in the direction allows the machining trajectory corresponding to the desired cutting edge shape to progress on the workpiece W based on the numerical control program, so that the wire electrode 30 of the previous embodiment described above is vertically moved. As in the case of using a traveling-type wire electric discharge machine, it is possible to machine and produce the desired cutting edge shape to obtain the cutting edge of the forming tool. In addition, the swivel 10 of the work head 106
8 through the chuck 110 by the rotation drive of the holder 11.
Since the work W held in 2 can be turned around the vertical axis, if this turning angle is used as the indexing angle,
Automatic processing of the cutting edge shape can be achieved with high precision without any problem even when processing and manufacturing the full-form end mill 10 having a plurality of cutting blades such as two blades and three blades.

Further, in the present embodiment, the wire EDM is performed by moving the left head 114 in the U-axis or V-axis direction to incline the traveling direction of the wire electrode 30 downward from the horizontal direction or to the workpiece W side. If this is the case, it is possible to perform taper machining, and therefore it is possible to machine the flank of the forming tool by numerical control. In the case where the wire electric discharge machine of the horizontal traveling type of the wire electrode 30 shown in FIG. 9 described above is used, the vertical shape of the work head 106 horizontally protruding from the column 102 via the work base 104 is used. The work W is mounted on the chuck 110 and the holder 112 arranged, and the X of the work head 106 is set.
The configuration in which the workpiece W is relatively moved with respect to the wire electrode 30 via the index rotation of the axis, the Y axis, the chuck 110, and the holder 112 can be another configuration.

That is, for example, a chuck for holding a workpiece W is provided on a work table provided in a processing tank 120 on the bed 100 so as to be movable in a horizontal plane in both directions perpendicular to the X axis and the Y axis via a slider mechanism. Also, if the work table is provided so as to be indexable and rotatable about the vertical axis, similarly, the desired cutting edge shape to be obtained at the cutting edge portion of the forming tool is subjected to electric discharge machining, and the flank is tapered. It can be easily understood that it can be processed and formed.

[0048]

As is apparent from the above description of the various embodiments, according to the present invention, the cutting edge of the material of the forming tool in which the basic shape corresponding to the tool diameter, the tool length, etc. is pre-processed in advance. A wire electric discharge machine having a taper machining function and a rotary indexing shaft capable of indexing and positioning is prepared in order to machine a cutting edge shape and a flank of a desired shape to be obtained in a forming portion. The material of the above-mentioned forming tool is mounted as a workpiece on the indexing rotary shaft, and the relative movement between the wire electrode and the workpiece is performed based on a numerical control program created according to a desired cutting edge shape to be obtained in advance. Since the machining of the cutting edge and the flank is continuously and automatically performed on the cutting edge forming portion of the forming tool by electric discharge machining by controlling the
Even when the cutting edge shape to be obtained is a complicated shape, or when forming a full-form tool such as a full-form end mill having a plurality of cutting blades such as two or three blades, cutting is automatically performed in one setup. It is possible to finish the processing and production of the blade and flank, and therefore obtain the effect that the machining and production of the forming tool can be achieved by automatic machining with high efficiency based on the continuity of the machining process. Can be.

Further, by indexing and positioning the tool material of the forming tool, it is possible to easily perform the first and second machining of the flank and to cut off unnecessary portions of the tool if necessary. Furthermore, since a thin wire electrode can be made to penetrate into the gap area of the work and run, a cutting groove having a narrow groove shape, which cannot be processed by a conventional grinding process using a grinder (grinding stone), can be used. A remarkable effect of improving the processing performance is obtained in that it can be processed freely. Also,
Anyway when using a conventional profile grinder, it was a machining method that relied on skilled workers, but the machining method that controlled the wire electric discharge machine by numerical control according to the present invention does not require a specific expert Therefore, it has become possible to shorten the manufacturing time of the forming tool.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a two-blade end mill having cutting blades having various cross-sectional shapes manufactured and processed by a method of processing a forming tool by numerical control according to the present invention, and the same end mill having the same shape. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a processing shape cut into a work.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the overall end mill taken along the line AA in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a wire electric discharge machine used for carrying out the method of machining a forming tool by numerical control according to the present invention, and more particularly, electric discharge machining with a workpiece in a region where a wire electrode travels in a vertical direction. FIG. 1 is a front view illustrating a state where a wire electric discharge machine and a workpiece are mounted according to an embodiment, and a block diagram of a basic configuration.

FIG. 4 is a side view as seen from the direction of arrow B in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of display data on a display screen provided in a numerical control / power supply device of the wire electric discharge machine.

FIG. 6 is a microscope view showing a tool end surface state when the bottom shape of a two-blade full-form end mill is visually observed through a microscope provided in the wire electric discharge machine shown in FIG. 3; Figure showing the relationship between the crosshairs and the rake face when the rake face of the pre-processed material of the overall end mill is correctly performed. (B) The rake face processing of the pre-processed material of the overall end mill is insufficient. FIG. 6 is a diagram when there is a mismatch between the microscope crosshair and the rake face.

FIG. 7 is a view showing an example of a full-shaped helical bite for side processing having a cutting edge shape manufactured and processed by the processing method of a forming tool according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a front view,
(B) is a bottom view as seen from the direction of arrow C in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the shape of a general-purpose hail bite for bottom processing manufactured and processed by the method for processing a full-form tool according to the present invention, and the shape of a machining groove processed into a work by the same general-purpose hail bite. is there.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a wire electric discharge machine used for carrying out the method of machining a forming tool by numerical control according to the present invention, and particularly, electric discharge machining with a workpiece in a region where a wire electrode travels in a horizontal direction. FIG. 1 is a front view illustrating a state in which a wire electric discharge machine and a workpiece are mounted according to an embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Form end mill 12 ... Shank part 14 ... Cutting blade formation part 16 ... Cutting blade 17 ... No. 1 flank 18 ... Rake face 19 ... No. 2 flank 30 ... Wire electrode 36 ... Quill 40 ... Y axis slider 42 ... X Axis slider 44 ... Upper head 46 ... Lower head 50 ... Rotation indexing device 52 ... Chuck 56 ... U-axis slider 58 ... V-axis slider 70 ... Numerical control / power supply device 72 ... Processing data input means 74 ... Storage means 76 ... Program execution Means 78: Movement control means 80: Hail bite 82: Shank part 84: Cutting blade forming part 86: Cutting blade 87: Relief surface 88: Rake surface 106: Work head 108: Revolving table 110: Chuck 114: Left head 116 … Right head W… Work

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-7-299632 (JP, A) JP-A-4-135120 (JP, A) JP-A-60-99525 (JP, A) JP-A 8- 243927 (JP, A) JP-A-62-203721 (JP, A) JP-A-58-10423 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B23H 7/02-7 / 20

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method of processing a shape of a cutting edge portion of a forming tool having a desired cutting edge shape to be obtained, wherein a desired cutting edge shape and a second flank shape formed on the forming tool are determined. advance to create a machining program in the form of cutting edges, including, using a numerically controlled wire electric discharge machine having an indexing positionable rotary indexing axis and tapering function, advance the tool diameter, the basic shape corresponding to the tool length Shank and blade
Prepare the tool material of the forming tool pre-processed in the part,
Insert the shank part of the tool material into the work mounting part of the rotary indexing shaft.
Attached to, the cutting edge machining process that executes a machining program created in advance for machining the cutting edge shape of the forming tool to the tool material
And a flank processing step of processing the second flank shape.
Is performed by wire electric discharge machining continuously, and a forming method of a forming tool by numerical control. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the forming tool is a forming end mill. 3. The machining method for a forming tool by numerical control according to claim 1, wherein the forming tool is a forming hail bite.