JP2822377B2 - Gear lapping machine control method and gear lapping machine - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a gear lapping machine, and more particularly to a gear lapping machine for lapping a pair of gears so as to obtain an appropriate backlash at the end of lapping. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, gears are lapped to reduce gear noise. As a device for performing such lapping, a gear lapping machine that performs lapping by rubbing the tooth surfaces of the pair of gears with each other by meshing and rotating a pair of gears used by being meshed with each other. Are known. For example,
"Bevel Gears and Worm Gears" (Taiga Publishing), page 111-
The device described on page 112 is an example. Problems to be Solved by the Invention Incidentally, the pair of gears is held at a position where backlash is set beforehand before lapping,
Since a series of lap finishing is performed by being meshed and rotated at that position, at the end of lap finishing, the backlash increases by the lap removal allowance. When used in a backlash, unusual noise such as rattling occurs, but when used in a backlash smaller than the end of the lap finish, the lap boundary of both gears, that is, the boundary between the lap-finished portion and the non-lapped portion Had the problem of interference. On the other hand, in order to make the backlash at the end of the lap finish to a desired size, it is conceivable to reduce the backlash before the lap finish by the lap removal margin or to reduce the lap finish margin.
In the former case, seizure may occur on the gear during the lapping, and in the latter case, the gear noise reduction effect by the lapping may not be sufficiently obtained. Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to reduce the backlash before lap finishing and reduce the wrap removal allowance. In order to obtain a proper backlash at the end of lap finishing. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a gear lapping machine that performs lap finishing by rubbing the tooth surfaces of the pair of gears with each other by meshing and rotating a pair of gears used by being meshed with each other. In the control method, after the meshing rotation is temporarily stopped and the pair of gears are brought into contact with each other to reduce the backlash to zero during the lap finishing for one tooth surface, the backlash has a predetermined size. And a backlash adjusting step of relatively separating the pair of gears. Further, a gear lapping machine capable of suitably implementing the above-described control method is a gear that performs lap finishing by rubbing the tooth surfaces of the pair of gears with each other by meshing and rotating a pair of gears used in mesh with each other. In the lapping machine, (a) the pair of gears are brought into contact with each other prior to the lap finishing to make the backlash zero and then relatively separated, so that the pair of gears are separated by a backlash of a predetermined size. A meshing device for meshing;
(B) During the lap finishing for the one tooth surface,
A control device for temporarily stopping the meshing rotation and causing the pair of gears to again abut against each other by the meshing device to reduce the backlash to zero and then relatively separate to mesh with the backlash of the predetermined size. And is configured. In this way, since the relative position of the pair of gears is adjusted so that the backlash has a predetermined size during the lap finishing, the backlash before the lap finishing can be reduced or the lap can be removed. The backlash at the end of the lap finishing can be made an appropriate size without reducing the margin. Therefore, the gear lap finished by the control method of the gear lapping machine or the gear lapping machine of the present invention suppresses generation of abnormal noise such as rattling noise caused by increase of backlash,
There is no interference at the lap boundary because the lap can be used as it is at the end of lap finishing.
In addition, since the total amount of lap removal allowance due to lap finish is not limited at all, sufficient lap finish is applied,
The gear noise reduction effect, which is the original purpose, can be sufficiently obtained. Further, according to the gear lapping machine of the present invention, since it is only necessary to change the control device as compared with the conventional gear lapping machine,
The device can be constructed simply and inexpensively. Further, the size of the backlash adjusted by the backlash adjusting step or the meshing device is substantially the same as the backlash desired when the gears are actually meshed and used when the lapping is completed. It is desirable to set so that For this reason, it is set to a size smaller than a desired backlash at the time of use by an allowance for the lap finishing after the backlash adjustment, but the size of the allowance is smaller than a total allowance for the lap finish. Because of its small size, there is no occurrence of seizure or the like in the lapping process as in the prior art. When the lap removal margin after the backlash adjustment is small, the backlash to be adjusted by the backlash adjustment step or the meshing device may be substantially the same as the backlash desired when the gear is used. Absent. The backlash adjusting step or the meshing device may be configured to move the pair of gears relative to each other while actually detecting the backlash of the pair of gears. The relationship between the separation distance to be relatively separated and the magnitude of the backlash is determined in advance, and the backlash may be indirectly adjusted from the magnitude of the separation distance without detecting the actual backlash. Absent. Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a gear lapping machine that performs lap finishing by meshing and rotating a pinion 10 and a ring gear 12 as a pair of gears. The pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 are, for example, a power transmission path of an automobile. Bevel gears or hypoid gears used by meshing with each other. The pinion 10 is configured to be clamped by a chuck 18 on a rotating shaft 16 rotatably supported by a pinion head 14 about an axis l, while the ring gear 12 is substantially perpendicular to the axis l in plan view. A chuck 24 clamps a rotating shaft 22 supported by a rotatable gear head 20 about an intersecting axis m. Rotary shaft 16 to which pinion 10 is attached
Is driven to rotate in both forward and reverse directions by a drive motor 26, while a load torque is applied to a rotating shaft 22 to which the ring gear 12 is attached by a brake device (not shown). As a result, the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 are meshed and rotated in a state in which a predetermined load torque is applied in a backward direction in which the vehicle retreats and in a forward direction in which the vehicle retreats when the vehicle is assembled. The tooth surfaces rub against each other.
In the following description, the tooth surface that is rubbed when the vehicle is meshed and rotated in the direction of reversing or decelerating the vehicle is the retreat surface, and the tooth surface that is rubbed when the vehicle is meshed and rotated in the forward direction is the advancing surface. That. The pinion head 14 has a pair of guide rods 30 provided on a swing table 28,
And the axis l are arranged at a right angle in a plan view, and the guide rod 30
While being guided to the ring gear 12. The meshing device 32 is provided with a cylinder 82 as shown in FIG.
Is a housing 84 disposed on the swing table 28 so as to be relatively movable in a direction parallel to the guide rod 30, a cylindrical withdraw piston 86 and a backlash piston slidably fitted in the housing 84. 88. At the end of the withdraw piston 86 is a pinion head
A feed screw 90 screwed to the housing 14 is connected so as to be relatively rotatable and not to be relatively movable in the axial direction.
Protrudes the with low piston 86 and pinion head
14 is always biased in the forward direction, that is, leftward in the drawing, with a biasing force greater than the driving force necessary to advance the 14 and is kept at a predetermined reference position. As a result, the withdraw piston 86 protrudes leftward from the housing 84 until the pinion 10 abuts on the ring gear 12, but after the pinion 10 abuts on the ring gear 12, the housing 84 resists the urging force. And retreated to the right. When the withdraw piston 86 reaches the protruding end, the housing 84 is fixed at that position by a clamper (not shown) so as to be relatively immovable with respect to the swing table 28. FIG. 2 is a view showing the state at that time. At this time, the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 are meshed with zero backlash. The projecting end of the withdraw piston 86 has an abutment fixed at its rear end abutted against a backlash piston 88, and the backlash piston 88 is connected to the housing 84.
In this state, if the backlash piston 88 is bequested to the right in the figure, the withdraw piston 86 and the pinion head
14 is retracted to the right. For this reason, the pinion
Between the ring gear 12 and the backlash piston 88
A backlash of a size corresponding to the movement stroke d of the backlash is given, and the size of the backlash is adjusted by turning the backlash setting dial 92 screwed to the housing 84 to move the sleeve 94 on which the backlash piston 88 abuts in the left-right direction. It can be adjusted by moving it. The backlash setting dial 92 is pre-adjusted so that the backlash between the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 is substantially the same as the desired backlash when they are actually assembled and used in an automobile. . A shaft 96 is provided in the withdraw piston 86.
Are slidably fitted and connected to the feed screw 90 so as to be relatively non-rotatable and relatively movable in the axial direction. The shaft 96 is rotatably operated by a meshing adjustment dial 98, whereby the screwing position between the feed screw 90 and the pinion head 14 is changed. The screwing position is adjusted in advance according to the diameter of the pinion 10 so that the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 are engaged with the operation of the cylinder 82. Returning to FIG. 1, the swing table 28 is
A substantially horizontal plane is placed on the upper side via a bearing or the like,
It is placed movably in a plane parallel to the paper of the figure,
The axes l and m are always held at a reference position where they intersect at right angles in plan view.
The ring contact between the gear and the ring gear 12 is swung about the reference position so as to move in the tooth width direction of the tooth surface.
The oscillating device 36 is provided with a cam mechanism. The oscillating width is set in advance according to the tooth width dimension by a cam width adjusting dial 38, and the oscillating locus is oscillated by a pair of backlash adjusting dials 40. The backlash during movement is adjusted in advance so as to be substantially constant. On the other hand, the gear head 20 holds the rotating shaft 22 so as to be movable in the vertical direction, that is, in the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1, and the vertical position of the rotating shaft 22 is connected to a feed screw (not shown). The up / down adjustment dial 42 allows the gear to be lapped, that is, the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12.
Are adjusted in advance so that they mesh with each other. Specifically, when the gear to be lapped is a bevel gear, the axes l and m are adjusted so that they are located in a common plane, and when the gear is a hypoid gear, the axes l and m are shifted vertically. It is adjusted. In addition, the gear head 20 is disposed on a pair of guide rods 46 provided on the base 34 so that the guide rod 46 and the axis m of the rotating shaft 22 are perpendicular to each other in a plan view. . The guide rod 46 is disposed in parallel with the axis l of the rotating shaft 16 when the swing table 28 is held at the reference position. The left and right positions of the gear head 20 in FIG. Is adjusted in advance by a left / right adjustment dial 48 connected to a feed screw (not shown) screwed to the gear head 20 so that the ring gear 12 and the pinion 10 mesh with each other. The gear lapping machine is provided with a control circuit shown in FIG. 3, and the drive motor 26
The chucks 18 and 24 are operated in accordance with a drive signal DM supplied from the control device 62 to the motor drive control device 64, and the drive signals DC1 and DC2 supplied to the chuck drive control devices 68 and 70.
Operated according to. The meshing device 32 and the swing device 36 are operated in accordance with the drive signals DK and DY, respectively. The control device 62 is supplied with a position signal SX indicating that the swing table 28 has been positioned at the reference position from the swing device 36, and a start signal SS from the start switch 74. Is supplied. A setting device 76 is further connected to the control device 62, and the number of lap cycles is set in advance.The number of lap cycles means that the pinion 10 is rocked by the rocking device 36. After moving the contact position from the center of the tooth surface to the small-diameter end, the center, and the large-diameter end, return to the center again,
A series of steps to apply a single lap finish to the entire tooth surface
As a cycle, it is based on how many times each of the retreat surface and the advance surface is performed, but in this embodiment,
As is apparent from FIG. 4, in order to adjust the backlash during the lap finishing (steps S8 and S9), the number of cycles is set separately for the first stage before the backlash adjustment and the second stage after the backlash adjustment. It is supposed to. Here, a case where the first stage is set to four cycles and the second stage is set to one cycle for both the retreating surface and the advancing surface will be described. Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, the cam width adjustment dial 38 and the backlash adjustment dial 40 of the rocking device 36, the up / down adjustment dial 42, the left / right adjustment dial 48, and the meshing adjustment dial 98 are changed based on the specifications of the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 to be wrapped. The backlash setting dial 92 was set so that the initial backlash before lapping was approximately the same size as the desired backlash when used in an automobile, and the pinion head 14 was held at the retracted end. In this state, the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 are attached to the tips of the rotating shafts 16 and 22, respectively. Thereafter, when the start switch 74 is turned on, the start signal SS is supplied to the control device 62 to confirm this in step S1, and then step S2 is executed. In step S2, the drive signals DC1 and DC2 are output, respectively, so that the chuck 1
The pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 are clamped to the rotating shafts 16 and 22 by the gears 8 and 24, respectively. After that, in step S3, the drive signal DK is output, the withdraw piston 86 of the meshing device 32 is protruded, and the pinion head 14 is advanced, so that the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 mesh with zero backlash. And the housing 84 of the engagement device 32
Is fixed to the swing table. At this time, the swing table 28 is held at the reference position, and the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 are brought into contact with each other at the center of their tooth surfaces. In step S4 to be executed subsequently,
Similarly, a drive signal DK for operating the meshing device 32 is output, and the backlash piston 88 is moved rightward in FIG. 2 until it comes into contact with the sleeve 94, so that the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 A backlash having a size corresponding to the movement stroke d of the backlash piston 88, in other words, a predetermined size is provided by the backlash setting dial 92. Then, in a state where the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 are meshed with a predetermined backlash, step S5 is executed, a drive signal DM is output, and the pinion 10 is rotated in the direction of the reverse drive of the vehicle. Thus, the tooth surfaces (retreat surfaces) of the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 are rubbed against each other. At this time, a working fluid including a lapping agent is supplied from a nozzle (not shown) to a meshing position between the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12,
The lapping is applied to the tooth surface by the lapping agent.
In step S5, a drive signal DY is output at the same time as the drive signal MD, and the swing table 36 is swung by the swing device 36, so that the tooth contact position between the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 is adjusted to the tooth surface. The tooth surface is moved in the tooth width direction, and lapping is performed on the entire tooth surface. The swing of the swing table 28 by the swing device 36 is controlled by the setting device 76.
, The number of cycles of the first stage set in advance, that is, in this embodiment, four cycles are repeated. After swinging the swing table 28 by a predetermined number of cycles, the swing table 28 is stopped at a reference position based on the position signal SX. In this way, when the lap finishing on the retreat surface of the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 is performed only for four cycles,
The drive motor 26 is temporarily stopped in the next step S6 and then driven to rotate in the reverse direction in step S7, and the pinion 10 is rotated in the direction of the forward drive side of the vehicle, so that the tooth surfaces of the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 are rotated. (Advance surface) is wrapped. Also in this step S7, the swing table 36 is swung by the swing device 36 in the same manner as in step S5, and lapping is performed on the entire tooth surface. Also at this time, the lap finishing is repeated by the number of cycles of the first stage preset in the setting device 76, that is, four cycles. Thereafter, the drive motor 26 is stopped in step S8, and the backlash between the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 is readjusted in step S9. That is, first,
By stopping the supply of thrust to the backlash piston 88 of the meshing device 32, the withdraw piston
86 is allowed to protrude to its protruding end. At this time, the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 have a size corresponding to the allowance for the first-stage lap finishing in steps S5 to S7. Backlash exists.
Next, when the clamp of the housing 84 to the swing table 28 is released, the backlash of the housing 84 becomes zero until the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 come into contact with each other in accordance with the urging force of the urging means (not shown). You can move forward. After the housing 84 is clamped on the swing table 28 in this state, the backlash piston 88 is moved rightward in FIG. 2 in the same manner as in step S4, so that the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 are connected to the backlash setting dial. The mesh is made with the backlash set in advance by 92. In the present embodiment, steps S8 and S9 are backlash adjustment steps, and the above-described steps in a series of processing logics by the control device 62.
A backlash adjusting unit is configured to include a portion that executes S8 and S9 and the meshing device 32 that is driven according to step S9. If the lapping agent or the like adheres to the tooth surface of the pinion 10 or the ring gear 12, the backlash cannot be adjusted accurately, so that the lapping agent or the like can be washed out prior to this adjustment, but it is not always necessary. Not necessary. Next, Steps S10 to S12 are executed, and Step S5 is performed.
In the same manner as in S7, the lap finish is applied to the retreat surface and the advance surface of the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12, respectively.
The number of lap cycles at this time is the number of cycles in the second stage preset in the setting device 76, that is, one cycle for both the retreating surface and the advancing surface in the present embodiment. Thereafter, in step S13, the drive motor 26 is stopped, and in step S14, the withdraw piston 88 is retracted, and the pinion head 14 is retracted to the retracted end, whereby the pinion 10 and the ring gear
The engagement with 12 is released. Further, in step S15, the clamps of both chucks 18, 24 are released, thereby ending a series of operations of this embodiment. As described above, in the gear lapping machine of this embodiment, the lapping is performed on the retreating surface and the advancing surface for a total of five cycles each, and when the lapping of four cycles is completed, the gap between the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 is completed. The backlash is readjusted, and then the last one cycle of lap finish is applied.
The backlash desired when using No. 12 is substantially matched. For this reason, generation of unusual noise such as rattling and the like due to an increase in backlash is prevented, and at the time of assembling to a car, the lap boundary portion interferes because the backlash at the end of lap finishing can be used as it is. Not even. Also, since the overall number of lap cycles is the same as before, a sufficient lap finish is applied,
The gear noise reduction effect, which is the original purpose, can be sufficiently obtained. Moreover, in this embodiment, the backlash is readjusted during the lap finishing by using the meshing device 32 for setting the backlash between the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 prior to the lap finishing. ,Control device
All that is necessary is to change the program of 62, and it can be easily implemented using the conventional gear lapping machine as it is. As mentioned above, although one Example of this invention was described in detail based on drawing, this invention can be implemented in another aspect. For example, the meshing device 32 of the embodiment is configured to set the backlasher by the movement stroke d of the backlash piston 88, but by rotating the shaft 96 using a drive motor with a speed reducer, The backlash may be adjusted by retracting the pinion head 14. In this case, the initial value of the backlash may be different from the value at the time of readjustment. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the backlash is readjusted by using the meshing device 32 for performing the initial setting of the backlash. However, the device for the readjustment is formed by using the feed screw, the drive motor, or the like. It may be configured separately from the skewing device 32. Instead of moving the pinion head 14, the gear head 20 may be slid in the direction of the axis m to adjust the backlash. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the gear lapping machine having the swing table 28 and lapping the entire tooth surface while swinging the pinion 10 has been described. The present invention can be similarly applied. In addition, the present invention is similarly applied to a gear lapping machine that laps gears other than bevel gears and hypoid gears, and a gear lapping machine that simply meshes and rotates a pair of gears to lap the center of the tooth surface. Can be done. Further, in the above-described embodiment, both the tooth surfaces of the gear, that is, the retreating surface and the advancing surface are lap-finished, but when the direction of the meshing rotation in actual use is only one direction, etc. However, it is sufficient if only one of the tooth surfaces is lapped. In the above-described embodiment, the backlash is adjusted at the end of four cycles of the lap finishing performed for a total of five cycles. However, the backlash is adjusted at the end of three cycles, or every time each cycle is completed. The present invention can be implemented in various modes, such as adjusting to a different value. The number of lap finishing cycles can be changed as appropriate. Further, in the above embodiment, since the second stage lap finishing cycle is one cycle, and the increase in backlash due to the lap removal margin is relatively small, the backlash between the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 reduces the The backlash is adjusted to be substantially the same size as the desired backlash at the time of assembling use. However, it is also possible to adjust the backlash to be smaller by an allowance for the second-stage lap finishing. Since there is little lap removal allowance for one cycle, seizure does not occur even if the backlash is reduced accordingly. Further, in the above embodiment, the backlash is adjusted by relatively moving the pinion 10 and the ring gear 12 in the direction of the axis m of the rotating shaft 22 to which the ring gear 12 is attached. It is appropriately determined depending on the type of power gear and the like. Although not specifically exemplified, the present invention can be embodied in various modified and improved forms based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit thereof.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a plan view of a gear lapping machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a meshing device in the gear lapping machine of FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a control circuit of the gear lapping machine of FIG. FIG. 4 shows the first
It is a flowchart explaining operation | movement of the gear lapping machine of a figure. 10: Pinion (gear), 12: Ring gear (gear) 32: Meshing device, 62: Control device Step S8, S9: Backlash adjustment process

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-B 30-7347 (JP, B1) JP-B 26-2629 (JP, B1) (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B23F 19/02-19/04

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A method of controlling a gear lapping machine for performing lap finishing by rubbing tooth surfaces of a pair of gears with each other by meshing and rotating a pair of gears used in mesh with each other. On the way, after temporarily stopping the meshing rotation and bringing the pair of gears into contact with each other to reduce the backlash to zero, the pair of gears are relatively separated so that the backlash has a predetermined size. A method for controlling a gear lapping machine, comprising a backlash adjusting step. 2. In a gear lapping machine for performing lap finishing by rubbing the tooth surfaces of the pair of gears with each other by meshing and rotating a pair of gears used by being meshed with each other, the pair of gears are preceded by the lapping. A meshing device that meshes the pair of gears with a backlash of a predetermined size by abutting each other to make the backlash zero and then relatively separating the two gears during the lap finishing on the one tooth surface A control for temporarily stopping the meshing rotation and causing the pair of gears to abut against each other again by the meshing device to reduce the backlash to zero, and then relatively separate to mesh with the backlash of the predetermined size. A gear lapping machine comprising: a device; 3. The gear lapping machine according to claim 2, wherein the pair of gears is a bevel gear or a hypoid gear.