JP2821574B2 - Gel-like livestock supplementary feed and its production method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an auxiliary feed for gel-like livestock and a method for producing the same, and more particularly to ruminants, particularly cattle, sheep, goats, etc. raised in tropical and subtropical areas where the rainy season and the dry season are present. The present invention relates to a gel-type supplementary feed capable of replenishing a lack of carbohydrate sources, protein sources and minerals for livestock of the present invention and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Many ruminants reared in tropical and subtropical areas with rainy and dry seasons tend to be deficient in carbohydrate, protein and mineral sources during the dry season, resulting in poor productivity of these livestock. descend. Many livestock farmers in these areas use raw grass, cereal meal and agricultural by-products primarily as feed, but they have low protein content, low carbohydrate content, low digestibility, Contains almost no minerals or vitamins. Domestic animals that are severely deficient in proteins and minerals can be affected by weight loss, reduced growth, reduced fertility, non-communicable abortions, lameness, reduced appetite, pica and osteophagia. Show signs.

[0003] As a means of overcoming such a shortage of carbohydrate sources, protein sources and minerals, solid supplementary feeds have been conventionally used. This solid supplementary feed is simply a mixture of salt and mineral and compressed, or a mixture of these minerals with calcium oxide, urea and molasses. These solid supplements, which are necessary to compensate for the nutritional deficiencies of ruminants raised in tropical and subtropical regions, rely on imports. However, since the imported supplemental feed is manufactured in warm countries, its ingredients are tailored to meet the nutritional requirements of temperate livestock. For this reason, tropical livestock in a different breeding environment cannot receive sufficient nutrition with the solid supplementary feed, because they are in a severely undernourished state compared to temperate livestock. Further, in a hot and humid environment, the solid supplementary feed is susceptible to damage due to the occurrence of mold and the like, and there is a problem in storage stability. In addition, because this supplement is hard,
There was a disadvantage that the taste of livestock was low.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve these conventional drawbacks and to improve palatability so that it can be suitably used in the livestock industry in tropical and subtropical areas where rainy and dry seasons exist. Another object of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary feed for livestock and a method for producing the same, which has improved storage stability in a hot and humid environment.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided an auxiliary feed ingredient containing minerals and molasses, wherein (1)
It is a gel-type livestock supplementary feed containing a component containing palm kernel cake, (2) beer lees, (3) zeolite, (4) yeast or yeast extract, and (5) coconut oil. The present invention according to claim 5, wherein (a) palm kernel cake, (b) beer cake, (c) zeolite, (d) yeast or yeast extract, (e) mineral,
After pulverizing and mixing solid components containing (f) urea, (g) bran and (h) calcium oxide, a liquid component consisting of molasses and coconut oil is added to the mixture, and the mixture is stirred and mixed. Is filled in a weldable synthetic resin container, and the opening is vacuum-sealed.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The auxiliary livestock feed for gel according to the present invention comprises a basic auxiliary feed ingredient containing minerals and molasses and a second ingredient for improving physical properties. The basic supplemental feed ingredients include carbohydrate sources, nitrogen sources, binders, etc. in addition to minerals and molasses. Specifically, for example, 0.4 to 1% of calcium phosphate, 3 to 5% of sodium chloride, 0.4 to 1% of a commercially available mineral mix (for example, manufactured by Euro Pharma Sdn. Bhd., Trade name: Pumino- mix E
U 871, containing phosphorus, calcium, salt, and magnesium), 3-4% urea, 3-8% bran, 3-7% calcium oxide and 55-80% molasses. Calcium phosphate and sodium chloride are components for supplementing phosphorus and sodium, respectively. In addition, various minerals can be replenished by adding a mineral mix. Urea and bran are sources of nitrogen and carbohydrates. Calcium oxide serves as a binder for feed components, and molasses is a component serving as a carbohydrate source.

Next, components for improving the physical properties include palm kernel cake, beer cake, zeolite, yeast or yeast extract, and coconut oil.
~ 8% palm kernel cake, 3-8% beer cake,
Components containing 0.1-1% zeolite, 0.1-1% yeast or yeast extract and 1% or more coconut oil can be mentioned. Palm kernel cake contains a large amount of lower fatty acids and is used for the purpose of supplementing fats and maintaining an appropriate solidity. In the present invention, a solvent extracted from the core of palm fruit is preferably used. In addition, beer lees mainly contain a crude protein and a soluble nitrogen-free substance, and are used for the purpose of replenishing a protein source and maintaining an appropriate solidity. Yeast or yeast extract is a component that supplements nutrients such as proteins and vitamins.A variety of yeasts are used, but are used in the food field such as baker's yeast and brewer's yeast, and can be obtained inexpensively and stably. Preferably, yeast of the genus Torula or Candida is used in addition to yeast of the genus Saccharomyces. Zeolites have a digestive promoting effect. The addition of coconut oil containing various fatty acids has the effect of improving the water resistance of the product and replenishing fat.

The livestock covered by the present invention are mainly ruminants, for example cattle, sheep and goats.

Next, a method for producing the gelatinous livestock supplementary feed of the present invention will be described. The production of the auxiliary feed is carried out in three stages: an operation of pulverizing and mixing the solid components, an operation of adding a liquid component to the mixture, stirring and mixing, and an operation of filling the obtained auxiliary feed into a container and sealing it. First,
The solid components constituting the feed are mixed while being ground. Part 1
For example, 3-8% palm kernel cake by weight, 3-8% beer cake, 0.1-1% zeolite, by weight,
0.1-1% yeast or yeast extract, 0.4-1%
Calcium phosphate, 3-5% sodium chloride, 0.
4-1% mineral mix, 3-4% urea, 3-8
% Bran and 3-7% calcium oxide,
Mix while crushing. Preferably, the mixture is pulverized and mixed with a cutter mixer at 3000 rpm or more for 1 minute or more, usually 1 to 5 minutes. By this operation, a mixture having a particle size in a predetermined range is obtained, and the mixture has a particle size of 1700 μm.
In the following, usually, those having a size of 500 μm to 1700 μ are desirable. When the particle size of the solid component is particularly large, such as urea, the solid component is crushed in advance by a cutter mixer at 3000 rpm or more for 1 minute or more before the crushing and mixing operation, and then the other components are crushed. It is preferred to mix with.

Next, the liquid component is added to the thus obtained mixture of solid components, and the mixture is stirred and mixed. Liquid components include, for example, 55-80% molasses and 1% by weight.
% Or more of palm oil. After adding this component, use a 2-shaft paddle-type mixer or the like to add 5 to 10%.
Stir and mix for minutes. By this operation, a reaction starts between the water in the molasses and the calcium oxide, and the temperature rises to about 45 ° C. By this operation, a gel-like feed composition is obtained.

The feed composition is stored in a weldable synthetic resin container such as a plastic bag. In this case, the gel-like mixture obtained by the stirring and mixing operation is poured to a height of about 80 to 90% of the container. After injection, immediately vacuum package. That is, approximately 2 mm from the upper end of the container, which is the opening of the container.
The horizontal line of cm is welded with a heat sealer, leaving a gap for inserting the nozzle of the vacuum pump. Then
The air inside the container is sucked out using a vacuum pump until the entire container is wrinkled. With the vacuum pump running, the nozzle is pulled out of the container, and the unwelded portion of the opening of the container is welded with a heat sealer. By this sealing operation, generation of mold and the like in the auxiliary feed and oxidation can be prevented, and a product excellent in storage stability can be obtained. In order to make the auxiliary feed of the present invention into a gel, the operations from the second stirring and mixing operation to the third filling and sealing operation are performed in 120 minutes.
It is desirable to complete within minutes. If the operation time is long, the curing of the product becomes unavoidable, so the work should be performed promptly.

[0012]

Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. Example 1 7.6% palm kernel cake by weight, 7.6%
Beer lees, 0.4% zeolite, 0.4% tolula yeast, 0.8% calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 3.8%
2. sodium chloride, 0.8% mineral mix;
8% urea, 7.6% rice bran and 6.1% calcium oxide were placed in a container and mixed while grinding. That is, they were mixed while being pulverized at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes by a cutter mixer. The resulting mixture has a particle size of 170
0 μm or less. 60% molasses and 1% palm oil by weight were added to the mixture, and the mixture was stirred and mixed with a twin-screw paddle-type mixer for 10 minutes. Next, 25 kg of the obtained feed composition was filled in a polyvinyl chloride resin container, and immediately vacuum-packaged. That is, after a horizontal line of about 2 cm from the upper end of the container is welded with a heat sealer, leaving a gap that allows the nozzle of the vacuum pump to be inserted,
The air inside the container was sucked out using a vacuum pump until the entire container was wrinkled. Next, the nozzle was pulled out of the container while the vacuum pump was operating, and the unwelded portion of the opening of the container was welded with a heat sealer. Thus, a gel-like auxiliary feed was produced.

Example 2 Sixteen Dorset / Marine hybrid sheep were divided into two groups of eight sheep and grouped indoors. Each group was fed 32 kg of straw as a basal feed per day. Example 1 for each group
And the conventional product (OLSSON, trade name: WORMOLAS; OLSSON Industries)
Pty. Ltd., NSW, Australia) on the same wooden folder, 5 weeks, free intake (free choice)
I let it. The intake of each of the supplementary feed of the present invention and the conventional product was measured. That is, the supplementary feed of the present invention and the conventional product are fed to sheep by the above-mentioned method, and the weight of the supplementary feed of the present invention and the conventional product before feeding and the remaining weight at 5 weeks after feeding at weekly intervals are measured. The intake was measured by determining the difference between the weight before feeding and the remaining weight after feeding. The intake amounts of the first group and the second group are shown in FIGS. In the figure,
■ ─ ■ indicates the intake of the supplementary feed of the present invention, and ▲ ─ ▲ indicates the intake of the conventional product. As is clear from the figure, in each group, the intake of the supplementary feed of the present invention was higher than that of the conventional product, and thus the preference of the supplementary feed of the present invention was higher than that of the conventional product. Was determined.

Example 3 Auxiliary feed of the present invention produced by the method of Example 1 and a conventional product (manufactured by OLSSON, trade name: WORMOLAS; OLSSON I)
ndustries Pty. Ltd., NSW, Australia) Each of the 9 units was stacked on a wooden shelf 1m above the floor of an air-conditioned room without removing any of the products.
Left for months. Light did not enter the storage room, and the floor, walls and ceiling were made of concrete. In addition, room temperature 19 ~
The temperature was 34 ° C and the humidity was 85 to 95%. After the standing, the front and back surfaces of the package of each product and the contents thereof were visually observed. As a result, in the conventional product, about three-quarters of the front and back surfaces of the package and the surface of the contents were covered with a white or green mold. On the other hand, in the supplementary feed of the present invention, only dust adhered to the surface of the package, and no remarkable change was observed on the back surface and the contents of the package. From this, it became clear that the auxiliary feed of the present invention was excellent in preservability.

Example 4 Fifteen Dorset / Marine hybrid sheep were divided into three groups of five and kept in groups indoors. Each group was fed sativa with oil palm leaf silage as a basic feed. The first group contains the supplementary feed of the present invention obtained in Example 1, and the second group contains the conventional product (OLSSON).
Product name: WORMOLAS; OLSSON Industries Pty. Lt
d., NSW, Australia) for 5 weeks. The third group received only the basal feed and served as a control. The weight of sheep was measured every other week, and the average weight of each group was calculated. The change in the average body weight of each group is shown in FIG. In the figure, ■ ─
■ indicates the first group to which the supplementary feed of the present invention was fed, ▲ ─ ▲ indicates the second group to which the conventional product was fed, and 〇─〇 indicates the third group to which the basic feed was fed. For the difference in average weight at each time point, Stud
When the significance was determined by performing an ent's T test, the average weight of the first group fed the supplementary feed of the present invention was significantly larger than that of the second group fed the conventional product (P <
0.05). Therefore, it was judged that the feeding effect of the supplementary feed of the present invention was superior to that of the conventional product.

[0016]

As described above, the supplementary feed of the present invention is rich in minerals, carbohydrate sources and protein sources, so that it can supply an adequate amount of nutrients necessary for ruminants. Moreover,
The supplementary feed of the present invention is gel-like and has excellent palatability, and can surely replenish carbohydrates, proteins and minerals which are insufficient for ruminants. In addition, the supplementary feed of the present invention has excellent preservability, and can be stored for a long time in an area where a rainy season and a dry season exist, such as tropical and subtropical areas.
No hardening, discoloration and propagation of mold. The auxiliary feed of the present invention can be efficiently produced by a simple method.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows feed intake of a first group in Example 2.

FIG. 2 shows the feed intake of a second group in Example 2.

FIG. 3 shows the feed feeding effect in Example 4.

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A23K 1/02 A23K 1/06 A23K 1/175

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. Auxiliary feed ingredients containing minerals and molasses, (1) palm kernel cake, (2) beer lees,
A gel-type livestock supplementary feed, which contains (3) zeolite, (4) yeast or a yeast extract, and (5) a component containing coconut oil. 2. The supplementary feed ingredient containing minerals and molasses is 0.4-1% calcium phosphate, 3-5% sodium chloride, 0.4-1% mineral mix, 3-4.
A supplementary feed for livestock as claimed in claim 1, which comprises 3% urea, 3-8% bran, 3-7% calcium oxide and 55-80% molasses. 3. A supplementary feed ingredient containing minerals and molasses, (1) 3-8% palm kernel cake, (2) 3
(3) 0.1 to 1% zeolite and (4) 0.1 to 1% yeast or yeast extract and (5) 1% or more coconut oil. Item 8. An auxiliary feed for livestock according to item 1. 4. A livestock cattle, sheep and Izu <br/> Re or a livestock feed supplements according to claim 1, wherein one of the goats. 5. (a) palm kernel cake, (b) beer cake, (c) zeolite, (d) yeast or yeast extract, (e) mineral, (f) urea, (g) bran and
(H) After pulverizing and mixing solid components containing calcium oxide, a liquid component consisting of molasses and coconut oil is added to the mixture, and the mixture is stirred and mixed, and the obtained mixture is filled in a weldable synthetic resin container. And a method for producing an auxiliary feed for gel-like livestock, wherein the opening is vacuum-sealed. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein an operation from mixing of the solid component and the liquid component to sealing is performed within 120 minutes. 7. The solid components are: (a) 3-8% palm kernel cake, (b) 3-8% beer cake, (c) 0.
1-1% of zeolite, (d) 0.1 to 1% of the yeast or yeast extract, (e-1) 0.4 to 1% of the calcium phosphate, (e-2) 3 to 5 percent of sodium chloride, ( e-
3) 0.4-1% mineral mix, (f) 3-4%
The production method according to claim 5, wherein the urea comprises (g) 3 to 8% bran and (h) 3 to 7% calcium oxide. 8. A liquid component comprising 1% or more of coconut oil and 5% or more.
The production method according to claim 5, wherein the production method contains molasses in an amount of 5 to 80%.