JP2820891B2 - Travel operating device for construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a traveling operation device for a construction machine, and more particularly to a construction machine such as a crawler vehicle, in which both left and right crawler belts can be controlled by one operation lever. The present invention relates to a traveling operation device in a machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional traveling device for a crawler vehicle of this type has two operation levers provided in front of a driver's seat, and a pair of remote control valves connected to the lowermost portion in the same direction as the front and rear of the operation levers. The right remote control valve switches the right traveling motor switching valve, the left remote control valve switches the left traveling motor switching valve, the forward tilt is connected to the forward side, and the backward tilt is connected to the reverse side. It has become.

Thus, when the crawler vehicle travels by operating the operation lever, if the two operation levers are simultaneously tilted forward or backward, the crawler vehicle travels straight forward or backward. Also, when the operation lever is simultaneously tilted relatively to the front or the rear in the opposite direction, a left or right spin turn is performed. Further, when one of the operation levers is tilted forward or backward, any one of the pivot turns of right forward, right backward, left forward, and left backward is performed.

Recently, an excavating vehicle such as a hydraulic excavator having an upper revolving structure has been proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-92487 in order to prevent erroneous operation when the vehicle is running. Thus, what is disclosed in this publication is an improvement on the two operation levers of the conventional example, and the upper revolving superstructure is located either forward or backward with respect to the traveling motor. However, if the two operation levers are simultaneously tilted forward or backward, the vehicle goes straight forward or backward, and when positioned directly beside the traveling motor and the upper revolving unit using a display device or the like. The purpose is to notify the operator of the positional relationship and prevent the operator from performing erroneous operations.

[0005]

In the above-described conventional example in which a crawler vehicle travels using two operation levers,
When traveling straight, the two operating levers must be simultaneously tilted by a fixed amount. However, if the tilting amounts of the respective operating levers are different, the crawler vehicle may bend. Also, when performing a spin turn, the two operating levers must be tilted in opposite directions, so that the operability is poor and the operating levers are operated while operating other driving units of the crawler vehicle. Is operated with one hand, and the operator cannot respond to the operation unless the operator has considerable skill.

Furthermore, since the above operation is performed by two operation levers, the operator has impaired view of the lower front side, and the fatigue increases not only during traveling operation but also during excavation in a hydraulic excavator. Will be. Further, since the device described in the above-mentioned publication confirms the positional relationship of the upper revolving structure with respect to the traveling motor by looking at the display device, it is troublesome to see the display device itself during work, and
Fatigues the operator and involves risks.

Therefore, a technique to be solved so as not to give the operator as much fatigue as possible, to prevent erroneous operation of the operation lever, to improve operability, and to contribute to work safety. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the problem.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed to achieve the above object, and has a left and right traveling motor for traveling a lower traveling body, and the lower traveling body has one In a construction machine configured so that traveling control is performed by the operating lever, a tubular body is connected to the lower end of the operating lever, and the lower end of the tubular body is vertically movable to a valve body. The pressing portion of the push rod disposed in the is formed, the pressing portion is formed flat in the lower surface of the front and rear both wall portions, the lower surface of the left and right both wall portions is provided with a recess, further, An upper member of a universal joint having an upper end connected to the operation lever is loosely inserted into an inner surface of the cylindrical body, and a lower member of the universal joint is formed of a cylindrical body having a concave portion with an open bottom surface, and In the recess, the valve body from the bottom An upper portion of the fixed pin is inserted, and a V-shaped cam groove is provided in front and rear walls of the lower member, and a guide that is freely rotatably fitted in the cam groove. A roller is mounted on the upper portion of the fixing pin,
Furthermore, a lower surface of the tubular body, and, together with the push rod to the four positions of the left and right front and rear of the valve body is disposed vertically movably, before the left travel motor forward in front right Kibentai Pilot valve, right traveling motor forward pilot valve on front left side, left traveling motor backward pilot valve on rear right side,
A pilot valve for a right running motor reverse is provided on the rear left side, and the operating lever moves forward and backward by tilting forward and backward, tilts right forward to pivot rightward, tilts left forward to rotate leftward, and rear right. The tilting turns left counterclockwise pivot turn, the left rear turning turns right clockwise reverse pivot turn, and furthermore, the operation lever turns clockwise to turn clockwise, and the counterclockwise rotation turns counterclockwise to turn left. The present invention provides a travel operating device for a construction machine configured to perform the following.

[0009]

When the operator grips the operating lever and tilts the operating lever forward or backward, the pressing portions of the push rods at the front left, right or rear left and right positions of the cylindrical body are moved forward, left, right or rear right and left inside the valve body. , And pressurized oil is supplied to the forward oil passage or the reverse oil passage of each of the left and right traveling motors, so that the left and right traveling motors rotate forward or backward. Then, the construction machine moves forward or backward. Further, when the operation lever is tilted to the front right side or the front left side, the push rod disposed on the front right side or the front left side in the valve body is pressed by the front right side or the front left side pressing portion of the tubular body. And the left or right traction motor makes a forward rotation and the construction machine makes a right or leftward forward pivot turn.

Further, when the operating lever is tilted to the rear right side or the rear left side, the push rod disposed on the rear right side or the rear left side in the valve body can press the rear right side or the rear left side of the cylindrical body. , And the left traveling motor or the right traveling motor performs reverse rotation, and the construction machine performs a leftward reverse pivot turn or a rightward reverse pivot turn.

When the operating lever is rotated right or left, the guide roller moves along a V-shaped cam groove provided in a lower member of the universal joint. Thus,
Since the guide roller is attached to the fixing pin, the universal joint is lowered, and therefore, the cylindrical body is also rotated by a predetermined angle until the guide roller stops. At this time, the pressing portions on the lower left and right end surfaces of the cylindrical body press the corresponding push rods disposed opposite to each other in the oblique direction, and the other obliquely disposed push rods are pressed. It does not enter into the recess provided in the side wall of the tubular body and is not pressed down. Thus, the construction machine makes a clockwise spin turn by turning the operation lever to the right, and makes a counterclockwise spin turn by turning to the left.

Further , the upper revolving unit and the lower traveling unit of the construction machine
When the front and rear directions do not match, the lower part of the upper
By changing the oil passage between the counterbalance valves, or the pilot oil passage between the traveling motor switching valve and the remote control valve, etc., according to the posture with respect to the traveling body, the lower part by one operating lever can be used regardless of the positional relationship. The control of the traveling body can be arbitrarily and freely performed, and the operation direction matches the moving direction of the lower traveling body, so that a smooth traveling operation is performed.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a hydraulic excavator 1 as an example of a construction machine. The hydraulic excavator 1 is configured such that an upper revolving superstructure 5 can be swiveled on left and right lower traveling bodies 2 and 3 such as crawlers via a ball race 4. A left running motor 6 and a right running motor 7 are provided at the rear of each of the left and right lower running bodies 2 and 3, and the left and right running bodies 7 are provided in a cabin 8 provided in the upper revolving body 5. One operating lever 9 for the motors 6, 7 is provided.

A tubular body 10 is fixedly provided at the lower end of the operating lever 9, and the lower end of the tubular body 10 is swelled outward so as to be located on the front right side, which will be described later. Push portions 11a and 12b of the push rod 11a and the front left push rod 11b are formed, respectively, and further, the rear right push rod 11c and the rear left push rod 11b are formed.
The respective pressing portions 12c and 12d of d are formed.

Further, the pressing portions 12a, 12b, 12c,
12d, the lower surfaces of the front wall portion 13 and the rear wall portion 14 are formed substantially flat, and the right wall portion 15 and the left wall portion 1 are formed.
6, an inverted V-shaped concave portion 17 having a central portion as an apex,
17 are formed. A screw hole 19 of a bolt 18b projecting above the upper member 18a of the universal joint 18 is formed in the center of the top plate of the tubular body 10, and the bolt 18b is connected to the center of the lower end of the operation lever 9. The universal joint 18 is fixedly mounted on the operation lever 9 and the cylindrical body 10 by screwing together with a screw hole 20 provided in the operating lever 9. The upper member 18a of the universal joint 18 is formed in an inverted U-shape, and has open ends at both ends in the front-rear direction, and pivotally supports the upper end of the lower member 18c. Further, a lower portion of the lower member 18c is formed in a cylindrical shape with an open lower surface, and has a front side wall portion 21 and a rear side wall portion 2.
2, V-shaped cam grooves 23 and 24 are formed.

On the other hand, a female screw member 27 is fixed at the center of the upper closing member 26 of the valve body 25, a female screw portion 27a is provided on the female screw member 27, and the female screw member 27 is screwed to the female screw portion 27a. The upper portion of the fixing pin 28 fixed by the insertion is loosely inserted into the concave portion of the lower member 18c of the universal joint 18, and is located at the lower end of the cam grooves 23, 24 in the front-rear direction with respect to the valve body 25. When the universal joint 18 is rotated right or left, the cam grooves 23, 24
The roots of the guide rollers 29, 29 which move to the upper ends of the cam grooves 23, 24 along the axis are fixed to the upper part of the fixing pin 28. Therefore, when the operation lever 9 is turned to the right or left, the cylindrical body 10 fixed to the operation lever 9 and the universal joint 18 are simultaneously turned. At this time, the guide rollers 29, 29 move along the V-shaped cam grooves 23, 24.

Since the guide rollers 29, 29 are fixed to the fixing pins 28, the length of the rightward or leftward groove of the cam grooves 23, 24 as shown in FIG. The cylindrical body 10 is rotated by the amount of rotation and the cam grooves 23,
The cylindrical body 10 is lowered by the height of 24, and the front right pressing part 12a and the rear left pressing part 12d of the cylindrical body 10 are the front right push rod 11a and the rear left push rod. 11d and each other, and
The front left push rod 11b and the rear right push rod 11c enter recesses 17, 17 formed on the lower surface of the right wall portion 15 and the left wall portion 16 of the pressing portion of the tubular body 10. Therefore, both the push rods 11b and 11c are not pressed.

As shown in FIG. 7, the fixing pin 28 is also formed in a hollow shape. Further, a hole is provided on the upper surface thereof, and a coil spring S is interposed in the hole to fix the lower end thereof. The universal joint 18 is constantly pressed upward by the coil spring S by being pressed against the bottom surface of the hollow portion of the pin 28. Thus, the front right push rod 1
1a, a front left push rod 11b, a rear right push rod 11c and a rear left push rod 11d are respectively provided at four front and rear left and right positions of the upper closing member 26 of the valve body 25, and a spring 31 is provided from below. , 31... Are urged upward and slidably project. Therefore, in the position where the operation lever 9 is not operated, each pressing portion 1 formed on the lower surface of the cylindrical body 10
2a, 12b, 12c and 12d are located immediately above the opposing push rods 11a, 11b, 11c and 11d, respectively.
are formed so as to come into contact with each other at positions protruding upward by the bias of the springs 31, 31.

The push rods 11a, 11b, 11c, 1 are located near the left and right lower ends of the valve body 25 in the front-rear direction.
Pilot valves 32a, 32b, 32 respectively corresponding to 1d
c and 32d are provided, and as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, for example, the operation lever 9 is tilted forward, and the front left and right pressing portions 12a and 12b press the lower push rods 11a and 11b. Sometimes, the pressure oil from the front right pilot valve 32a is supplied to the switching valve 33 of the left traveling motor 6.
The hydraulic oil from the pilot valve 32b corresponding to the front left push rod 11b is supplied to the pilot chamber on the forward oil passage 35a side of the switching valve 35 of the right traveling motor 7 at the same time. And the construction machinery will move forward.

Pilot valves 32c and 32d are provided corresponding to the left and right push rods 11c and 11d, respectively. When the operating lever 9 is tilted rearward, the pressure oil from the pilot valve 32c is released. The pressure oil from the pilot valve 32d corresponding to the push rod 11d on the rear left side is supplied to the pilot chamber on the side of the backward oil passage 33b of the switching valve 33 of the left traveling motor 6 while the backward oil passage of the switching valve 34 of the right traveling motor 7 is provided. 34b is supplied to the pilot chamber,
And the construction machine will move backward.

When the operating lever 9 is tilted forward and to the right, the push rod 11a is depressed and the pilot valve 3 is turned off.
The pressure oil from 2a is supplied to the forward oil passage 33a side of the switching valve 33 of the left traveling motor 6, so that the left traveling motor 6 starts to advance, and the construction machine starts a right front pivot turn. Similarly, when the operation lever 9 is tilted forward and left, a left front pivot turn is performed. When the control lever 9 is tilted right rear, a left rear pivot turn is performed. When the control lever 9 is tilted left rear, a right rear pivot turn is performed. .

Next, if the operation lever 9 is rotated right or left without tilting, the cam groove 2 provided in the lower member 18c of the universal joint 18 is provided as described above.
Guide rollers 29, 29 along the cam grooves 2, 3
It moves to the upper end which abuts the end of 3,24. The rotation angle at this time is 0 in both the left and right directions as shown in FIG.
It becomes a full stroke when it is turned every degree,
At the time of this full stroke, for example, when the operation lever 9 is turned right, the push rod 11a on the front right side and the push rod 11d on the rear left side are pressed by the pressing portions 12a and 12d of the universal joint 18 and descend. Pilot valves 32a and 32 respectively corresponding to
d is opened, and the pressure oil from the pilot valve 32a is supplied to the pilot chamber on the forward oil passage 33a side of the switching valve 33 of the left traveling motor 6, and the left traveling motor 6 starts to move forward.
At the same time, the pressure oil from the pilot valve 32d is supplied to the pilot chamber on the reverse oil passage 34b side of the switching valve 34 of the right traveling motor 7, and the right traveling motor 7 starts to move backward. At this time, as described above, the push rod 11b on the front left side and the push rod 11c on the rear right side enter the concave portions 17, 17 provided on the lower surfaces of the pressing portions 12b and 11c in the left and right direction of the universal joint 18 and are not pressed. Therefore, the pilot valves 32b and 32c corresponding to these and the like maintain the closed state. Thus, the construction machine makes a clockwise spin turn. Also, the operation lever 9
Is rotated counterclockwise, the operation is completely opposite to that described above, and a counterclockwise spin turn is performed.

When the front-rear direction of the lower traveling bodies 2 and 3 does not match the front-rear direction of the upper revolving body 5 ,
The control unit (not shown) determines the front-rear positional relationship or operation state between the lower traveling bodies 2 and 3 and the upper revolving body 5 corresponding to the posture of the body 5 with respect to the lower traveling bodies 2 and 3, and performs counter balance. By changing the oil path between the valves 39, 39 or the pilot oil path between the switching valves 33, 34 of the left and right traveling motors 6, 7, the operating direction of the lever of the operator and the mechanical The traveling directions can be matched .

In the figure, reference numeral 40 denotes a tank, 40a denotes a tank port, 41 denotes a pump, and 41a denotes a pump port. Thus, the present invention can be variously modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and it goes without saying that the present invention extends to the modified ones.

[0025]

According to the present invention, as described in detail in the above embodiment, the lower traveling body can be steered by one operating lever, and the operating direction of the operating lever matches the movement of the construction machine. As a result, the operability is extremely improved, the operational burden on the operator can be reduced, and the lower traveling body can be operated with one hand during the spin turn, so that other operations can be performed with the other hand. It is also possible to operate the unit.

Furthermore, even at the case longitudinal position relationship longitudinal position and the upper swing structure of the undercarriage is mismatched to monitor the positional relationship between the lower traveling structure and an upper revolving body, the By judging the positional relationship and operation status by the control unit, and by appropriately switching the oil passages of the left and right traveling motors according to a command from the control unit, it becomes possible to move the construction machine at will of the operator, and in particular, Even when the lower traveling structure is positioned right beside the upper revolving structure, the operation lever can be tilted in the left-right direction, so that the operation direction matches the moving direction of the construction machine, and This is an invention that provides various effects that are truly various, such as an operation that is most suitable for the sense of, and that eliminates erroneous operations and contributes to safety.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a main part of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway side view showing a positional relationship between a tubular body connected to an operation lever, a universal joint, and a push rod.

[4] the universal joint, commentary plan view showing the position <br/> location relationship of the push rod de.

FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the valve body.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional plan view showing a relationship between a universal joint and a fixing pin.

FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway side view of FIG. 6;

[Description of Signs] 1 Hydraulic excavator 2, 3 Lower traveling body 6 Left traveling motor 7 Right traveling motor 9 Operating lever 10 Cylindrical body 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d Push rod 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d Pressing portion 13 Front wall Part 14 Rear wall part 15 Right wall part 16 Left wall part 17 Concave part 18 Universal joint 18a Upper member 18c Lower member 21 Front side wall part 22 Rear side wall part 23, 24 Cam groove 25 Valve body 28 Fixing pin 29 Guide roller 32a , 32b, 32c, 32d Pilot valve 33 Left motor switching valve 34 Right motor switching valve

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B60K 26/00-26/04 B62D 11/04-11/08

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A construction machine comprising a left and right traveling motor for traveling a lower traveling body, wherein the lower traveling body is configured so that traveling control is performed by one operation lever. A cylindrical body is connected to the lower end of the
At the lower end of the tubular body, a pressing portion of a push rod arranged vertically movably on the valve body is formed, and the pressing portion is formed so that the lower surfaces of both front and rear walls are flat, A concave portion is provided on the lower surface of each of the left and right wall portions, and an upper member of a universal joint having an upper end portion connected to the operation lever is loosely inserted into an inner surface of the cylindrical body, and a lower member of the universal joint is a lower surface. It is formed of a cylindrical body having an open concave portion, and an upper portion of a fixing pin fixed to the valve body from a lower surface is inserted into the concave portion. A V-shaped cam groove is provided, and a guide roller that is loosely fitted in the cam groove so as to be freely rotatable is attached to an upper portion of the fixing pin, and further a valve is provided on the lower surface of the cylindrical body. The push rod moves up and down in four places in the body While being disposed in stationary, front left traveling motor forward pilot valve in front right Kibentai, right travel motor forward pilot valve front left, right behind the right left traveling motor reverse pilot valve, the rear left A traveling motor reverse pilot valve is provided, respectively, forward and backward by the forward and backward tilting of the operation lever, rightward forward pivoting by right forward tilting, leftward forward pivoting by left forward tilting, and left by right rearward tilting. A turning reverse pivot turn, a clockwise reverse pivot turn is performed by tilting to the left rearward, and a clockwise spin turn is performed by turning the operation lever to the right and a counterclockwise spin turn is performed by rotating the control lever to the left. A travel operating device for a construction machine, characterized in that it is configured as described above.