JP2820790B2 - Panel heater - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a panel heater used for general heating, floor heating, and food warming.

<Prior art> Panel heaters are used for various purposes. Among them, those using PTC (Positive Thermistor) as a heating element do not overheat above the characteristic temperature, and the ambient temperature changes. However, it has been put to practical use for general heating and for keeping food warm at hospitals, etc., taking advantage of its characteristics such as self-control of the calorific value. As this kind of technology, there is a panel heater disclosed in JP-A-61-256123 and JP-A-62-16994.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, in the panel heater disclosed in the above-mentioned publication, the temperature directly above the heater is locally heated, and the temperature variation becomes large.
In addition, the heat of the heating element due to the heat transfer resistance of the connection part is not sufficiently transmitted, the connection is complicated such as screwing and screwing, etc.If an excessive load is applied from the top of the heating element, a reinforcing material is required Is complicated.

Also, in order to use a panel heater combining PTC and a metal heat sink as a wall flooring material, a large-area PTC sintered body is required, which makes it impractical. It requires a great deal of cost and labor, and the temperature rises only at the PTC joint, which is not practical. Furthermore, due to the characteristics of the PTC, a considerable amount of current (rush current) flows immediately after energization, which helps the immediate heat of the PTC heater. However, if a large number of PTCs are energized simultaneously, a large amount of inrush current will flow. It may cause the breaker to operate.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a panel heater which solves the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, has a simple structure, can support a large load, and has no local heating.

<Means for Solving the Problems> The above object of the present invention can be achieved by employing the following means. That is, on the upper surface of a plate-shaped heat insulating material having a plurality of heating element housing portions formed thereon, a metal plate provided with a heating element which enters the heating element housing portion on the lower surface is laminated, and a metal plate is provided on the upper portion of the metal plate. A heat transfer plate for transferring heat is laminated, and a finish plate is laminated on the heat transfer plate, and the heat transfer plate corresponds to an upper portion of the metal plate of the heating element disposition portion. , A panel heater provided with a material or space having a large heat insulating property, and a metal plate having a concave groove formed at a required interval, a heating element on the lower surface of the groove, and a heat insulating material inside the groove. A large material or space was installed, a finishing plate was installed on the upper surface thereof, and a plate-like heat insulating material formed on the lower surface of the metal plate was formed with the concave groove and the housing of the heating element formed thereon. It is a panel heater.

Then, the plurality of heating elements are divided into arbitrary groups,
A thermostat is provided for each group, the thermostat is closed by heating the heating element of the first group, and the heating element of the next group is energized. It is effective if PTC is used.

<Operation> A plurality of heating elements are joined to the lower surface of the metal plate and heated by energization. Although heat is transmitted through the metal plate by heat conduction, even in a steady state, there is a temperature variation in which the temperature of the junction of the heating element is the highest, and conversely, the temperature is low at a distant place. In the present invention, a material for transmitting the heat of the metal plate is installed at a place away from the low-temperature heating element joint, and the heat is transmitted to the finishing plate on the upper surface, while the high-temperature heating element junction is located near the high-temperature heating element junction. A material or space having a large heat insulating property is provided, and it is difficult for heat to be transmitted to the finish plate on the upper surface thereof, so that variations in temperature of the finish plate as a whole are reduced. When the upper part of the heating element joint is used as a space, if the space connected to the above-mentioned space is provided at a place far away from the heating element joint, the air heated at the heating element joint is convected. The heat is also transmitted to a place distant from the junction of the heat generating element, and the heat is transmitted to the finish plate, so that the temperature variation of the entire finish plate can be further reduced.

Also, in order to prevent the inrush current from heating and heating the entire heating element at one time, divide the heating element into multiple groups, arrange thermostats for each group, and use this thermostat to energize each group in order. I have to.

<Example 1> Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings with reference to the examples.

FIG. 1 shows a steel finishing plate 5 on a metal plate 2 to which a PTC heating element 1 is joined, via an aluminum heat transfer plate 3 and a space 4.
FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway plan view of a floor material 6 provided with a floor material.

A thermostat 14 is installed near the PTC heating element 1 to control the energization of the next PTC heating element.
When the temperature of the heating element 1 exceeds a certain set temperature, energization to the next adjacent PTC heating element is started.

Any number of the floor members 6 can be connected via the conductors 13, and the floor members 6 are wired so as to be connected in parallel as a whole.

FIG. 2 shows the details of the cross-sectional structure of the PTC panel heater, and shows the end face structure viewed from the line II-II in FIG. As shown in the figure, the metal plate 2 to which the PTC heating element 1 is joined
The space 4 is fixed on the heat insulating material 7 in the vicinity of the joint of the PTC heating element 1, and the aluminum heat transfer plate 3 is fixed on the part away from the joint of the PTC heating element 1, and the iron heat transfer plate 3 is fixed thereon. A finishing plate 5 is provided.

The heat transfer plate 3 may be composed of several metal plates,
It does not necessarily have to be a material such as metal with good thermal conductivity,
Further, a space such as a hole or a groove connected to the space 4 may be provided.

FIG. 3 is a structural view showing the details of mounting the PTC heating element 1. Normally, the PTC heating element 1 is composed of a plurality of sintered PTC thermistors 8. In the same figure, aluminum electrodes 9 and 10 are attached to the upper and lower surfaces of a sintered PTC thermistor 8, and heat is generated when a current is passed between the two electrodes by a conducting wire 13. A ceramic insulating plate 11 is adhered on the upper surface aluminum electrode 9 with a heat-resistant adhesive 12, which is installed below the metal plate 2.

FIG. 4 shows a connection diagram of a PTC heating element and a thermostat for controlling power supply. Thermostat 1 close to PTC heating element 1
When the PTC heating element 1 is energized and heated to a temperature equal to or higher than a set temperature, the thermostat 14 is closed, and the next PTC heating element is energized and heated.

In this figure, power is supplied sequentially from the left side.
Here, if the inrush current is reduced by adjusting the electric resistance or the like of the PTC heating element, it is not necessary to connect the thermostat 14 to all the PTC heating elements, and the thermostat 14 is located close to one of the plurality of PTC heating elements. You only need to install it. In practical use, an arbitrary number of such panel heaters are installed on the floor surface, set nationally, electrically connected, and a finishing material or a carpet is laid on the upper surface.

<Embodiment 2> FIG. 5 is an end view showing an embodiment in which the groove is bent on the metal plate 2. In this case, PTC is provided on the lower surface of the groove.
The heating element 1 is joined, and a space 4 is provided in the groove, and a finishing plate 5 is provided directly above the metal plate 2 in the groove, via the space 4 in the groove.

<Embodiment 3> Fig. 6 shows a front view in which a panel heater 15 according to the present invention is mounted on a support base 16, and Fig. 7 shows a cross-sectional structure taken along the line III-III. A heating element 1 including a plurality of PTC thermistors is sandwiched between three aluminum internal heat sinks 2 and joined. The internal heat radiating plate 2 is joined to an external heat radiating plate 5 also made of aluminum via a heat conductive plate 3 made of aluminum. However, a space 4 is provided instead of the heat transfer plate 3 at the portion of the internal heat radiating plate 2 where the heating element 1 is provided, and the heat of the heating element 1 is directly transferred to the external heat radiating plate 5. It is not transmitted to. Therefore, a higher heat radiation effect can be obtained by the chimney effect of the space 4, and the external heat radiation plate 5 is not locally heated. Thus, it is possible to provide a safe and clean panel heater without worrying about accidents.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the present invention, since the metal plate is an integral body, it has good thermal conductivity, and since the heat of the heating element is not directly transmitted to the finishing plate, even if it is thin, there is no local heating. In spite of the simple structure of merely stacking, the large area supports the load, so it can withstand a large load without the need for reinforcement or the like.

Further, the heating element is divided into a plurality of groups, and a thermostat is provided for each group so that the heating elements in each group are sequentially energized and heated, thereby preventing an excessive rush current.

If PTC is used for the heating element, it has its own temperature control function and adjusts the power consumption according to the outside air temperature, so it is effective for power saving and high in safety.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway plan view of one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an end view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a mounting of a PTC heating element of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a connection diagram of the PTC heating element and the thermostat, FIG. 5 is an end view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a front view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and FIG. Fig. 6 is an end view along the line III-III in Fig. 6. In the figure, 1: PTC heating element 2: Metal plate 3: Heat transfer plate made of aluminum 4: Space 5: Finished steel plate 6: Floor material 7: Heat insulation material 8: PTC thermistor sintered body 9: Upper aluminum electrode 10: Lower aluminum Electrode 11: Ceramic insulating plate 12: Heat resistant adhesive 13: Conductive wire 14: Thermostat 15: Panel heater 16: Support base

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F24D 13/02

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A metal plate provided with a heating element disposed on a lower surface thereof, which is inserted into the heating element storage section, is laminated on an upper surface of a plate-shaped heat insulating material having a plurality of heating element storage sections formed thereon. A heat transfer plate for transferring heat of a metal plate to the heat transfer plate, and a finishing plate stacked on the heat transfer plate, wherein the heat transfer plate corresponding to the metal plate upper portion of the heating element disposition portion A panel heater characterized by providing a material or a space having a large heat insulating property at the position of (1). 2. A metal plate in which concave grooves are bent at required intervals, a heating element is provided on the lower surface of said grooves, and a material or space having a large heat insulating property is provided inside the grooves. A panel heater, comprising: a finishing plate provided on an upper surface; and a plate-shaped heat insulating material having a concave groove and a housing portion for a heating element formed thereon is attached to a lower surface of the metal plate. 3. A plurality of heating elements are divided into an arbitrary number of groups, thermostats are arranged for each group, and the thermostats are closed by heating the first group of heating elements, and the next group of heating elements are closed. The panel heater according to claim 1, wherein the panel heater is configured to be energized and sequentially repeated. 4. The panel heater according to claim 1, wherein the heating element is PTC.