JP3236273U - Heating tatami - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heating tatami mat capable of heating a tatami mat surface in a self-temperature control system within a range of an upper limit temperature without a risk of fire due to electric leakage or the like.
SOLUTION: This is a heating tatami mat 1 laid on the floor, in which a self-temperature control planar heater 20 is provided, a protective sheet 12 laminated on the self-temperature control planar heater, and a tatami mat surface 10 laminated on the protective sheet. The self-temperature control planar heater is a self-temperature control type that emits far infrared rays, the electric resistance value rises as the temperature rises, and the electric resistance value becomes constant when the upper limit temperature is reached.
[Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention relates to a heating tatami mat, in which there is no risk of fire due to electric leakage or the like, and the surface of the tatami mat can be heated within the upper limit temperature range.

Tatami mats have been used for the floors of houses for a long time, but with the westernization of culture, flooring has come to be widely adopted. However, due to the increasing proportion of elderly people, tatami mats tend to be reviewed.

Although many patent documents have been disclosed for floor heating for flooring, many ideas have been proposed for heating tatami mats for heating tatami mats. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a tatami mat for floor heating in which a heating element is provided on the floor and a tatami mat is laid on the floor to heat the tatami mat. Further, Patent Documents 2 and 3 disclose a heating tatami mat in which a heating element is interposed between the floor and the tatami mat to heat the tatami mat.

However, in the heating tatami mats according to Patent Documents 1 and 2, since the tatami mat is heated by heat transfer from the floor to the tatami mat, the tatami mat surface must be heated to a considerably high temperature, for example, 50 ° C. or higher. It cannot be heated to an appropriate temperature, for example, 25 ° C to 35 ° C, and not only the power consumption increases and the electricity usage fee increases, but also there is a concern about fire due to overheating of the base.

Further, in the heating tatami mats according to Patent Documents 2 and 3, a heating element is installed in the tatami mat, but there is a concern that the heating element is likely to shift due to the laminated structure inside.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-172016 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-320117 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-4680 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-321346

In view of this problem, the present invention provides a heating tatami mat capable of stably heating the tatami mat surface within the upper limit temperature range without shifting the position of the heating element.

The heating tatami according to the present invention is a heating tatami laid on the floor, and includes a self-temperature control surface heater and a tatami mat surface laminated on the self-temperature control surface heater, and includes the self-temperature control surface. The state heater is characterized in that it is a self-temperature control type that emits far infrared rays, the electric resistance value rises as the temperature rises, and the electric resistance value becomes constant when the upper limit temperature is reached. In addition, in this specification, a self-temperature control planar heater is also referred to as a "PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heater".

In the heating tatami mat according to the present invention, it is preferable to insert a protective sheet between the self-temperature control surface heater and the tatami mat surface.

The heating tatami mat according to the present invention is formed by laminating a waterproof and dustproof board and / or a heat insulating board and / or a reinforced board to form a base board, and on the base board, the self-temperature control surface heater, the protective sheet, and the tatami mat surface. It is preferable to stack and.

In the heating tatami mat according to the present invention, a pef may be inserted between the base board and the self-temperature control surface heater.

In the heating tatami mat according to the present invention, a reinforcing board may be inserted between the protective sheet and the tatami mat surface.

In the heating tatami mat according to the present invention, the self-temperature control planar heater has planar heat generation in a rectangular sheet surrounded by a pair of electrode frames facing each other and a pair of support frames orthogonal to these. A planar heater in which a body is held, in which a plurality of branched electrode frames are branched from the pair of electrode frames connected to an AC power supply, and a plurality of branched electrode frames are extended in parallel with the support frame, and one of the electrodes is described. One of the branched electrode frames branched from the frame and the other branched electrode frame branched from the other electrode frame are arranged in a nested manner, and the planar heating element is the one branched electrode frame and the other. The planar heating element is sandwiched between the branched electrode frames of the above, and the one branched electrode frame and the other branched electrode frame are connected to each other via the one electrode frame and the other electrode frame. A voltage is applied to the surface heating element, and the planar heating element emits far infrared rays by a self-temperature control type.

In the heating tatami mat according to the present invention, in the self-temperature control planar heater, a plurality of auxiliary frames that insulate and connect the one branch electrode frame and the other branch electrode frame are parallel to the pair of electrode frames. A cell that is arranged and surrounded by the one branch electrode frame, the other branch electrode frame, and the auxiliary frame may be configured, and the planar heating element may be held in the cell.

In the heating tatami mat according to the present invention, since the self-temperature control planar heater is inserted between the board and the tatami mat surface, the tatami surface can be heated in a self-temperature control manner within the upper limit temperature range, and fire due to electric leakage or the like can be prevented. be able to. In addition, by stacking a protective sheet on the self-temperature control surface heater to prevent misalignment of the self-temperature control surface heater, and by changing the configuration appropriately according to the usage environment, the thickness and hardness of the heating tatami mat can be determined. The surface temperature of the tatami mat surface can be adjusted appropriately.

An exploded perspective view of a heating tatami mat according to the present invention. An exploded perspective view of a heating tatami mat according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of (a) a planar heating element, and (b) a schematic plan view of an electrode frame and a branch electrode frame included in the planar heating element in the heating tatami mat according to the embodiment. (A) A front schematic diagram of a planar heating element in the heating tatami mat according to the embodiment, (b) a front schematic view of the planar heating element of another embodiment. Front view of the heating tatami mat according to the present invention. The front view of the heating tatami of another embodiment which concerns on this invention. Sectional drawing of the self-temperature control planar heater which concerns on Example 1. FIG. The graph which shows the measured temperature time change in three places on the self-temperature control planar heater which concerns on Example 1. FIG. Sectional drawing of the self-temperature control planar heater which concerns on Example 2. FIG. The graph which shows the measured temperature time change in three places on the self-temperature control planar heater which concerns on Example 2. FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments and examples of the heating tatami mat according to the present invention and a method of using the same will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings, the same reference numerals shall be used for the same components.
(Embodiment)

The heating tatami mat 1 according to the present invention is mainly a heating tatami mat 1 laid on an indoor floor, but it can also be laid on an outdoor ground as long as it can be connected to a power source.

As shown in FIG. 1, the heating tatami mat 1 of the present invention is a heating tatami mat laid on the floor, and includes a self-temperature control planar heater 20 and a tatami mat surface 10 laminated on the self-temperature control planar heater 20. .. It is desirable to insert a protective sheet 12 between the self-temperature control surface heater 20 and the tatami mat 10 in order to prevent misalignment and slippage and to protect the self-temperature control surface heater 20. In the heating tatami mat 1 according to the present invention, the self-temperature control planar heater 20 emits far infrared rays, the electric resistance value rises as the temperature rises, and when the upper limit temperature is reached, the self-temperature becomes constant. It is characterized by being a control type.

In the heating tatami mat 1 of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, various boards such as a waterproof and dustproof board, a heat insulating board, and a reinforced board are appropriately laminated to form a base board 50, and the self-temperature control surface is placed on the base board 50. The shape heater 20, the protective sheet 12, and the tatami mat surface 10 are laminated. As described above, the protective sheet 12 protects the self-temperature control surface heater 20 and prevents the self-temperature control surface heater 20 from being displaced with respect to the tatami mat surface 10 exposed on the surface. It serves to hold the shape heater 20 in a predetermined position. It is preferable to use a non-woven fabric for the protective sheet 12, but the material thereof is not particularly limited.

Further, in the heating tatami mat 1 of the present invention, a non-slip pef or the like may be inserted between the board board 50 and the self-temperature control surface heater 20, and the self-temperature control surface heater 20 and the tatami mat table 10 may be inserted. A reinforced board may be inserted between them (see FIG. 2). For convenience, it is desirable to insert a protective sheet 12 (not shown in FIG. 2) between the reinforced board and the self-temperature control planar heater 20 to prevent the self-temperature control planar heater 20 from being displaced. These elements can be appropriately changed according to the environment in which the heating tatami mat 1 is laid and its use.

(Self-temperature control planar heater)
As shown in FIG. 3A, the self-temperature control planar heater 20 used in the heating tatami mat 1 according to the present invention has a pair of electrode frames 24 facing each other on one side and a pair of supports orthogonal to the pair of electrode frames 24. A planar heater in which a planar heating element 22 (see FIGS. 4A and 4B) is held in a rectangular sheet surrounded by a frame 25. For structural stability, one or more support frames 25 may be further arranged between the pair of support frames 25 arranged at the edges at right angles to the pair of electrode frames 24.

As shown in FIG. 3B, the rectangular sheet (self-temperature controlling planar heater 20) is branched from the pair of electrode frames 24 connected to the AC power supply 31, and each of the plurality of branched electrode frames 26 is branched. Is extended in parallel with the support frame 25, and one branched electrode frame 26 branched from one electrode frame 24 and the other branched electrode frame 26 branched from the other electrode frame 24 are arranged in a mutually nested manner. Has been done. One electrode frame 24 and one branched electrode frame 26 branched from the one electrode frame 24 and the other electrode frame 24 and the other branched electrode frame 26 branched from the other electrode frame 24 are electrically insulated from each other.

Then, in the self-temperature control planar heater 20, the planar heating element 22 sandwiched between one branch electrode frame 26 and the other branch electrode frame 26 is formed by one branch electrode frame 26 and the other branch electrode frame 26. It receives a potential difference and emits far infrared rays with a self-temperature control formula. That is, one of the branched electrode frames 26 and the other branched electrode frame 26 applies a voltage to the planar heating element 22 via one of the electrode frames 24 and the other electrode frame 24, which are connected to each other, and are planar. The heating element 22 emits far infrared rays by a self-temperature control type.

In FIG. 3A, the planar heating element 22 is held in a cell 29 sandwiched between one branch electrode frame 26 and the other branch electrode frame 26. The cell 29 is surrounded by one branch electrode frame 26, the other branch electrode frame 26, and an auxiliary frame 28. It is preferable that a plurality of the auxiliary frames 28 are arranged in parallel with the pair of electrode frames 24 in the self-temperature control planar heater 20, and one branch electrode frame 26 and the other branch electrode frame 26 are electrically insulated from each other. And connect.

The power source 31 of the heating tatami mat 1 according to the present invention is a household AC power source. As shown in FIG. 5, when the power supply terminal 30 is connected to a household AC power supply, positive and negative potentials are applied to one electrode frame 24 and the other electrode frame 24, which are connected to the conducting wire 32, respectively. Then, the one branched electrode frame 26 and the other branched electrode frame 26, which are connected to one electrode frame 24 and the other electrode frame 24, respectively, have the same positive and negative electrodes as the one electrode frame 24 and the other electrode frame 24, respectively. Is applied, and a potential difference is given to both ends of the planar heating element 22.

The power supply terminals 30 drawn in FIG. 5 may be arranged at both ends of the heating tatami mat 1, that is, at the ends of one electrode frame 24 and the other electrode frame 24, respectively, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, if the conductors 32 are collected in the center of the front surface of the heating tatami mat 1 and inserted into the power supply terminal 30, the conductors 32 may come into contact with each other when the power supply terminal 30 is damaged. It is preferable to arrange separate power supply terminals 30 at both ends of the tatami mat 1.

(Surface heating element)
Next, the planar heating element 22 will be described. FIG. 4A is a schematic view of the planar heating element 22. As shown in FIG. 4A, the planar heating element 22 is coated on both sides with an insulating film (not shown) and is sandwiched between one branch electrode frame 26 and the other branch electrode frame 26. This planar heating element 22 is very thin and light with a thickness of about 50 to 200 μm, and has excellent flexibility and bending resistance. It can be attached not only to a flat surface but also to a curved surface, and can be extended and processed into a wide area. It is something that can be done. Further, the planar heating element 22 radiates far infrared rays when energized, and the electric resistance value increases as the temperature rises.

(Principle of self-temperature control (switching))
As shown in FIG. 4A, the planar heating element 22 has a conductive particle 221 for conducting electricity, a matrix polymer 222 for holding the conductive particle 221 and a planar surface. It is composed of a branch electrode frame 26 for evenly supplying electric power to the heating element 22 main body. The principle of self-temperature control (switching) in such a planar heating element 22 can be explained by the thermal expansion of the matrix polymer 222 (see Patent Document 4), with exceptions.

That is, the conductive particles 221 are dispersed in the matrix polymer 222 at a certain concentration or higher. This constant concentration is the minimum concentration required for the conductive particles 221 to come into direct contact with each other and percolate between the branched electrode frames 26 to form an energization path, and is referred to as a percolation threshold concentration Pc or the like. When the concentration of the conductive particles 221 exceeds the percolation threshold concentration, a percolate phase transition in which the conductive particles 221 are percolated and energized in the planar heating element 22 appears, and switching clearly appears.

When the condition that the concentration of the conductive particles 221 is equal to or higher than the percoration threshold concentration Pc is satisfied, a conductive circuit is formed by chaining the conductive particles 221 between the branched electrode frames 26, and Joule heat due to energization is generated by the planar heating element 22. The temperature of the matrix polymer 222 is increased to thermally expand the matrix polymer 222. At this time, since the conductive particles 221 fixed to the polymer also change their positions according to the expansion of the matrix polymer 222, a gap is formed between the conductive particles 221 in contact with each other, and the conductive particles 221 are formed at a low temperature of Pc or less. The conductive path is cut.

The above is the principle of self-temperature control. In order to exert this self-temperature control function, the planar heating element 22 does not reach a high temperature exceeding a set upper limit temperature, unlike a conventional conductor such as a nichrome wire. In addition, since there is no danger of poor energization due to disconnection or short circuit, it is possible to maintain safe and stable operation even during long-term operation.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4B, the planar heating element 22 may have a control unit 22b made of a crystalline substance indirectly adhered to the heat generating unit 22a. In the planar heating element 22 of FIG. 4B, the crystalline substance serving as the control unit 22b is covered with an outer skin, and the outer cover (not shown) and the heating element 22a are adhered to each other. As the crystalline substance, a small molecule substance can be used, and a substance that is liquid at room temperature can also be used. Also in this case, a self-temperature-controlled planar heating element 22 similar to the planar heating element 22 having the above structure can be realized.

In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7A, the substrate board (styrofoam and concrete panel) and the self-temperature control planar heater 20 (planar heating element 22) are laminated in this order, and the self-temperature control planar heater 20 is laminated. The temperature of the self-temperature control planar heater 20 connected to the power supply was measured at three points 1 and 3 at both ends of 20 and the central portion 2.

FIG. 7B shows the measurement results. The outside air temperature was about 15 ° C., but the temperatures at positions 1, 2 and 3 of the self-temperature control planar heater 20 were all higher than the outside air temperature and converged at about 35 to 38 ° C.

Next, in Example 2, as shown in FIG. 8A, the substrate board (Styrofoam and concrete panel), the self-temperature control planar heater 20 (surface heating element 22), and the reinforced board (foamed heat insulating material) are in this order. The layers were laminated, and a weight was further placed so that the layers were in close contact with each other. The temperature was measured at both ends 1 and 3 of the self-temperature control planar heater 20 and at three locations in the central portion 2 in the same manner as in Example 1.

FIG. 8B shows the measurement results. The outside air temperature was about 15 ° C. as in Example 1, but the temperatures at the positions 1, 2 and 3 of the self-temperature control planar heater 20 converged at about 60 ° C.

Summarizing the results of Example 1 and Example 2, the surface temperature of the self-temperature control planar heater 20 exposed to the outside air rises only to about 35 to 38 ° C., but it is placed on the self-temperature control planar heater 20. It was found that the temperature rises to about 60 ° C. if the outside air is blocked by a heat insulating material such as Styrofoam. However, in either case, it was confirmed that the surface temperature of the self-temperature controlling planar heater 20 converged to a constant temperature and could be suppressed to a surface temperature at which there was no danger of fire. In addition, the surface temperature of the warm tatami mat 1 can be adjusted by selecting the thickness and type of the heat insulating material such as styrofoam to be placed on the self-temperature control planar heater 20, and the warm tatami mat 1 has a temperature according to the customer's request. It turned out that we could provide.

Although the heating tatami mat according to the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment or embodiment. The materials, materials, types and the like constituting the heating tatami mat according to the present invention are not particularly limited, and the dimensions and thickness thereof can be appropriately changed.

In addition, the present invention can be implemented in a mode in which various improvements, modifications, and changes are made based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist thereof.

The heating tatami mat according to the present invention can be used as a tatami mat to be laid indoors on the floor, from ordinary households to all kinds of buildings, in addition to temples and shrines.

1: Heating tatami mat 10 according to the present invention: Tatami mat 12: Protective sheet 20: Self-temperature control planar heater (PTC heater)
22: Planar heating element 22a: Heating unit 22b: Control unit 221: Conductive particles 222: Matrix polymer 24: Electrode frame
25: Support frame
26: Branch electrode frame 27: Derivation hole 28: Auxiliary frame 29: Cell 30: Power supply terminal 31: AC power supply 32: Conductor wire 50: Base board

Claims (7)

It is a heating tatami mat laid on the floor.
Self-temperature control planar heater and
The tatami mat surface laminated on the self-temperature control surface heater and
Including
The self-temperature control planar heater is
A heating tatami mat that emits far infrared rays, has an electric resistance value that rises as the temperature rises, and is a self-temperature control type that keeps the electric resistance value constant when the upper limit temperature is reached. The heating tatami mat according to claim 1, wherein a protective sheet is inserted between the self-temperature control surface heater and the tatami mat surface. The heating according to claim 1, wherein a waterproof and dustproof board and / or a heat insulating board and / or a reinforced board are laminated to form a base board, and the self-temperature control planar heater and the tatami mat surface are laminated on the base board. tatami. The heating tatami mat according to claim 3, wherein a pef is inserted between the base board and the self-temperature control planar heater. The heating tatami mat according to claim 2, wherein a reinforced board is inserted between the protective sheet and the tatami mat table. The self-temperature control planar heater is a planar heater in which a planar heating element is held in a rectangular sheet surrounded by a pair of electrode frames facing each other and a pair of support frames orthogonal to each other. And,
A plurality of branched electrode frames are branched from the pair of electrode frames connected to the AC power supply, and each of the plurality of branched electrode frames extends in parallel with the support frame.
One of the branched electrode frames branched from the one electrode frame and the other branched electrode frame branched from the other electrode frame are arranged in a nested manner with each other.
The planar heating element is sandwiched between the one branch electrode frame and the other branch electrode frame.
The one branched electrode frame and the other branched electrode frame are connected to each other, and a voltage is applied to the planar heating element via the one electrode frame and the other electrode frame.
The heating tatami mat according to claim 1, wherein the planar heating element emits far infrared rays under a self-temperature control type. In the self-temperature control planar heater,
A plurality of auxiliary frames for insulatingly connecting the one branch electrode frame and the other branch electrode frame are arranged in parallel with the pair of electrode frames.
A cell surrounded by the one branch electrode frame, the other branch electrode frame, and the auxiliary frame is configured.
The heating tatami mat according to claim 6, wherein the planar heating element is held in the cell.

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