JP2820282B2 - Internal quality inspection equipment for fruits and vegetables - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an inspection device for non-destructively inspecting the internal quality (cavities, cracks, ripeness, etc.) of fruits and vegetables such as watermelons and melons. The present invention relates to an apparatus for inspecting the internal quality of fruits and vegetables suitable for use in a fruit and vegetable sorting facility.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, the internal quality inspection of fruits and vegetables such as watermelons and melons has been performed by evaluating the inside of fruits and vegetables from the appearance and weight, or by hearing the sound of tapping several places on the surface of the fruits and vegetables to detect internal defects (cavities). , Cracks, etc.) and maturity (overmature,
In general, a sensory test of a person who judges immature, appropriate, etc.) was performed.

In addition, test research to evaluate the ripeness and internal defects of fruits and vegetables by analyzing the hammering sound (vibration wave) produced when the surface of the fruits and vegetables are hit is performed in laboratories of universities in various places. This research paper has been published in journals of the Japanese Society of Agricultural Opportunities.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In the conventional method of inspecting the internal quality based on the sensory characteristics of the human, the internal situation is determined by distinguishing the sound while hitting several places on the outer peripheral surface of the fruits and vegetables by hand. Does not go up. Further, the inspection method based on the sensory of the person cannot be judged unless the person is a highly skilled person who has many years of experience, and the inspection results vary due to individual differences between inspectors and lapse of inspection time. Further, in the inspection based on the sensory performance of the person, since only a highly skilled person having many years of experience can perform the work, the labor of the inspector is insufficient and labor saving is desired.

On the other hand, in the research to analyze and evaluate the tapping sound (vibration wave) generated when the conventional fruits and vegetables are tapped lightly, all of the basic test methods and results for limited samples were published in the laboratory. Therefore, there is a problem that it is not practical for fruit sorting facilities that handle tens of thousands of fruits and vegetables a day as it is, and it is not practical to use fruit sorting facilities that sort and package and ship fruits and vegetables in large quantities. The development of the most desirable internal quality inspection equipment is desired.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems and needs, and provides an internal quality inspection apparatus for fruits and vegetables that can efficiently and accurately automatically inspect the internal quality of fruits and vegetables of various sizes. The purpose is to:

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the internal quality inspection device for fruits and vegetables according to claim 1, a plurality of fruits and vegetables are provided in a predetermined arrangement around the fruits and vegetables, and are set so as to sequentially give an impact to the fruits and vegetables. Shock means, vibration wave detecting means for detecting a vibration wave of the fruit or vegetable when a shock is applied to the fruit or vegetable, and a waveform for analyzing the detected vibration wave and evaluating the internal quality of the fruit or vegetable An analysis and evaluation means is provided.

Further, in the fruit and vegetable internal quality inspection apparatus according to claim 2, a measuring means for measuring the size of the fruit and vegetable conveyed on the conveying means, and the inside of the fruit and vegetable based on the measured size of the fruit and vegetable Inspection position detecting means for detecting an inspection position for inspection, provided to be able to move up and down along the fruit and vegetables, move to the detected inspection position, and when an impact is given to the fruits and vegetables, Vibration wave detecting means for detecting a vibration wave that vibrates, a plurality of impact means provided in a predetermined arrangement around the fruits and vegetables, and set so as to sequentially impact the fruits and vegetables, the vibration wave detection means Waveform analysis and evaluation means for analyzing the detected vibration wave to evaluate the internal quality of the fruits and vegetables is provided.

The impact means applies an inspection method in which the sound is heard and judged while hitting not a single place but a plurality of places on the fruits and vegetables, such as a sensory test of a person, and the arrangement of the vibration wave detecting means and the most suitable position It is configured to be provided in a relation. That is, a plurality of the shock means are provided in a predetermined arrangement around the fruits and vegetables, and when the sensor unit of the vibration wave detecting means moves to the vibration wave inspection position, the shock means is sequentially spaced by a predetermined time in a predetermined order. It is set to give a shock.
It is preferable that the interval for sequentially operating the plurality of impact means is set to a time until the vibration when the impact is first applied is substantially attenuated. The impact means can be arranged, for example, at a position facing the sensor unit of the vibration wave detecting means via a fruit or vegetable, or at a direction orthogonal to the sensor part.

It is preferable that the vibration wave detecting means is provided with a plurality of vibration wave detection sensors that detect vibration waves that vibrate the fruits and vegetables, around the fruits and vegetables, and detects the vibration waves from various points around the fruits and vegetables.

(Operation)

According to the internal quality inspection apparatus for fruits and vegetables configured as described above, the size of the fruits and vegetables conveyed by the conveyance means is measured by the measurement means, and the fruits and vegetables measured by the inspection position detection means based on this size are measured. The inspection position for the internal inspection of is detected. The vibration wave detecting means capable of moving up and down moves with respect to the fruits and vegetables at which the inspection position is detected, and corresponds to the inspection positions of the fruits and vegetables. When the vibration wave detecting means corresponds to the inspection position of the fruits and vegetables, the impact is sequentially applied to the fruits and vegetables by a plurality of impact means provided around the fruits and vegetables and set so as to sequentially apply an impact to the fruits and vegetables. The vibration wave that oscillates when an impact is applied is detected by the vibration wave detection means, and the internal quality of the fruits and vegetables is evaluated by the waveform analysis evaluation means.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings (FIGS. 1 to 10).
This will be described based on FIG. 17).

FIG. 1 is a partially broken front view showing the configuration of an internal quality inspection apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view in which a part of FIG. 1 is cut away.

In the figure, 1 is a conveying means for conveying the tray 6, 2 is a measuring means for measuring the size of the fruits and vegetables 10 provided in the middle of the conveying path of the conveying means 1, and 3 is a vibration wave of the fruits and vegetables 10 detected. Vibration wave detecting means, 4 is a plurality of impact means provided in a predetermined arrangement around the fruits and vegetables 10, 5 is a waveform analysis and evaluation means for analyzing the detected vibration waves and evaluating the internal quality of the fruits and vegetables is there.

The transport means 1 is constituted by a roller conveyor in which a large number of drive-type transport rollers 11 having a width suitable for transporting the trays 6 in a line are arranged in parallel. In order to drive the transport roller 11 to rotate, for example, the transport roller 11 can be driven by a conveyer chain that rotates. However, it is preferable to use a belt drive method in terms of suppressing vibration and noise. Further, as the transporting means 1, for example, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 4, a conveyor in which two narrow belts 12 are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, a slat conveyor (not shown), or the like can be used. Also, those with less vibration, noise, etc. are preferable in order to increase the inspection accuracy.

As shown in FIG. 3, the saucer 6 has four projections 61 with a mounting portion for the fruits and vegetables 10 projecting upward in order to prevent the fruits and vegetables 10 to be placed from moving or rolling during transportation.
Is formed by the support surface 61a. In the drawing, the mounting portion is configured by four protrusions 61, but the number is not limited, and further, the mounting portion is the type and size of the fruits and vegetables 10,
It is preferable to configure it into an appropriate shape from the shape and the like.

Each of 621 to 625 is a display switch for displaying a grade based on the internal quality of the fruits and vegetables 10, and a predetermined grade (H,
Excellent, good, average, outside).
Reference numeral 620 denotes a display switch for displaying when there is a defect such as a cavity or a crack in the fruit or vegetable 10 by operation.

These display switches 620 to 625 are, for example, a toggle type,
A push button type, a lever type, or the like is used, and the displacement amount and the change when the operation is performed can be visually observed.
Therefore, the grade set in advance for each display switch can be displayed by the displacement and change of the operation unit of the display switch.

According to the receiving tray 6 having the display switches 620 to 625 configured as described above, the result when the internal quality is inspected can be displayed on the receiving tray 6. Therefore, the modification of the grade that occurs when the re-inspection is performed manually can be easily changed only by switching (switching) the operation unit of the display switch.

Returning to FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 13 denotes a lift device, which moves the tray 6 conveyed in a free state on the conveying surface of the conveying means 1 so as to push the tray 6 at various positions onto the conveying surface. It is configured to be separated from the system and put on standby, as follows.

Here, the predetermined position refers to a position for measuring the shape and size (size) of the fruits and vegetables 10 by the measuring means 2, a position for detecting the vibration wave of the fruits and vegetables 10 by the vibration wave detecting means 3, and A position where the receiving tray 6 is stopped and waited before and after the measuring means 2 and the vibration wave detecting means 3.

Reference numeral 131 denotes a stopper member formed of a synthetic resin material, a synthetic rubber material, or the like, and is mounted on the base 132 so as to face between the transport rollers 11,11. The base 132 is attached to a piston rod 133a of a cylinder 133 arranged in a vertical direction, and is configured to move the stopper member 131 up and down.

With the above configuration, the tray 6 transported on the transport unit 1
The cylinder 133 is actuated by an output signal of a sensor (not shown) for detecting the lift of the tray 13 on the lift device 13, and the tray 6 on the conveying means 1 is pushed up by the stopper member 131 onto the surface of the roller 11. Then, the receiving tray 6 is separated from the transport surface and stands still.

In order to prevent noise such as mechanical vibration of the transporting means 1 from directly transmitting to the tray 6 waiting on the transporting surface, the lifting device 13 is connected to the conveyor frame of the transporting means 1 or a frame of another machine. Is preferably installed so as not to be directly connected.

Numeral 14 designates a positioning device, as shown in FIG. 5, for positioning the receiving tray 6 which is raised and waited by the stationary device 13 at a fixed position.

In the figure, reference numerals 141 and 141 denote centering arms for centering the pan 6 when activated.
And the rack 143 are combined. This rack 143
Is connected to the piston rod 142a of the cylinder 142. With the above configuration, when the cylinder 142 operates according to an operation command (not shown), the centering arms 141 and 141 rotate in the left and right directions simultaneously in the direction of the arrow (→), and the pan 6 can be positioned at a fixed position.

The positioning device 14 is provided corresponding to the arrangement of the measuring means 2, the vibration wave detecting means 3, and the input device 15 described later.

This positioning mechanism is not limited to this embodiment, but may be configured using a device using another positioning mechanism.

Reference numeral 15 denotes an input device. As shown in FIG.
Are displayed on the saucer 6. In the figure, reference numeral 151 denotes a link-like operation piece, which is provided corresponding to each of the display switches 620 to 625,
Are respectively supported on brackets 153 by support shafts 152. Reference numeral 154 denotes a cylinder, the tip of the piston rod of which is connected to one side of the operation piece 151 by a pin 154a. When the piston rod advances by the operation of the cylinder 154, the operation section 151a of the operation piece 151 displays The switches 620 to 625 are operated (input).

The measuring means 2 will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a gate-shaped frame, on which a cylinder 22 is attached with its piston rod 23 facing downward. This cylinder 22 has a piston rod 23
And an encoder 24 that generates a pulse (signal) for each constant movement amount in accordance with the forward / backward movement of.

Reference numerals 25a and 25b denote laser-type photoelectric sensors, which are provided as a pair on the left and right sides in a direction perpendicular to the transport path of the tray 6. These photoelectric sensors 25a, 25b are
It is attached to the lower end of 6. This lifting arm 26
The cylinder 22 is connected to a piston rod 23 and moves up and down by the operation of the cylinder 22.

Reference numeral 27 denotes a guide bar provided in a vertical direction, which is attached to the frame 21 via a bracket 28.
Numeral 29 denotes a slide bearing attached to the lifting arm 26, which is combined with a guide bar 27 provided on the frame 21 to guide the vertical movement of the lifting arm 26.

According to the measuring means 2 configured as above, the positioning device 14
Fruits and vegetables 10 on saucer 6 centered in place by
On the other hand, when the photoelectric sensors 25a and 25b descend from the upper portion of the fruit and vegetable 10 to a predetermined position below, the signal that the fruit and vegetable 10 interrupted the photoelectric sensor 25 and the pulse signal of the encoder 24 will be described later as a measurement signal 20 as a measurement signal 20. It operates so as to output to the control device 200.

The control device 200 uses a programmable controller (PC) or the like having an arithmetic control unit, performs arithmetic processing on the input measurement signal 20 based on a predetermined arithmetic expression, and
It is configured to calculate the optimum detection position of the vibration wave according to the magnitude of 10 and to output the inspection position signal 202.

The inspection position of the vibration wave can be set, for example, at the equator (around the waist), the shoulder, the tip, etc., according to the type, shape, size, and the like of the fruits and vegetables 10. As an example, when the fruits and vegetables 10 have a substantially spherical shape and the inspection position is the equator, the control device 200 calculates a position (detection position) that is a half of the number of pulses interrupted by the fruits and vegetables 10 and outputs it as the inspection position signal 202. I do.

In the drawing, the measuring means 2 uses a cylinder as an actuator for raising and lowering, but the present invention is not particularly limited to this, and another different actuator such as a servomotor or a pulse motor can be used.

The measuring means 2 can also be configured by using a known gate method using a beam beam or a camera device (neither is shown).

The vibration wave detecting means 3 includes a sensor unit 31 for detecting a vibration wave when the fruits and vegetables 10 vibrate, and a lifting device 32 for moving the sensor unit 31 to a vibration wave inspection position.

The sensor section 31 will be described with reference to FIG. That is, 311 is a vibration wave detection sensor, and the sensor holder 3
Attached to 12. Reference numeral 313 denotes a ring-shaped sensor pad, which is made of an elastic material such as soft rubber or sponge, and is attached to a sensor holder 312 so as to wrap around the vibration wave detection sensor 311.

A flange 314 supports the sensor holder 312 via a spring 315 so that the sensor holder 312 can swing freely. Reference numeral 316 denotes a cylinder provided to operate in the lateral direction, and the flange 314 is attached to the tip of a piston rod 316a. The cylinder 316 is fixed to the unit base 317.
As shown in FIG. 2, two sensor units 31 are arranged in a predetermined arrangement around the fruits and vegetables 10, and the arrangement of the sensor units 31 is determined by the direction in which the impact means 4 described later gives an impact to the fruits and vegetables 10. , And at the right and left positions orthogonal to each other.

In the embodiment, the vibration wave detection sensor 311 such as a microphone is used as the sensor for detecting the vibration wave. However, when the vibration wave sensor 311 such as a pickup is used, the vibration wave sensor (not shown) such as a pickup is used. Can be used.

The elevating device 32 is configured as shown in FIG. That is, reference numeral 321 denotes a cylinder, the main body of which is attached to the frame 322 so as to face downward. This cylinder 321
At the end of the piston rod 321a, the unit base
317 are connected. 323 is a guide bar for guiding the elevating operation of the unit base 317,
It is attached to the unit base 317 through a guide bush 324 provided in the 322. 325 is cylinder 32
It is a position detection device combined with 1 stroke,
For example, an encoder or the like is preferably used. According to this, the sensor unit 31 is moved correspondingly from an origin position (illustrated imaginary line in the drawing) to an inspection position (equatorial portion) of a vibration wave that changes depending on the size of the fruit or vegetable 10. In addition, it is provided in combination with the forward / backward movement of the cylinder 321 so as to automatically detect the movement amount (signal) from the origin position to the inspection position.

Further, although the lift device 32 uses a cylinder in the drawing, the sensor unit 31 using an actuator such as a servomotor or a pulse motor may follow the detection position of the vibration wave.

The impact device 4 is configured as shown in FIGS. 41 is a hammer with an impact head 42,
One end of the shaft 43 is rotatably supported by a support shaft 44. 45 is a cylinder provided in the lateral direction,
The tip of the piston rod is loosely connected to the shaft 43 via a connector 46. That is, when the piston rod advances by the operation of the cylinder 45, the impact head 42 operates so as to project about the support shaft 44 in the arrow direction.

47 is a hammer case for accommodating the hammer 41 and the cylinder 45 in a frame. As shown in FIG.
A support shaft that supports the head side of the support shaft 44 and the cylinder 45
48 penetrates into the case and is pivotally supported. The hammer case 47 is connected to a piston rod of a cylinder 49 attached to the unit base 317. Thus, when the cylinder 48 operates, the hammer case 47 moves forward and backward. 50 is a guide bar for guiding the operation of the piston rod of the cylinder 49. Reference numeral 471 denotes a pad made of rubber, sponge, or the like, which is fixed to a part of the hammer case 47 that comes into contact with the fruits and vegetables 10 so as to soften the impact when the fruits and vegetables 10 come into contact.

As shown in FIG. 2, the arrangement of the impact means 4 can be appropriately combined with the arrangement of the vibration wave detecting means 3 around the fruit and vegetables 10.
A table is provided. As a different embodiment of this arrangement, the tenth
The arrangement shown in FIG. The circuits of the control device 200 are configured such that the plurality of impact means 4 operate in a predetermined order.

The shock means 4 of the embodiment is configured to move up and down together with the sensor unit 31 in combination with the unit base 317 to which the vibration wave detecting means 3 is attached. Can be combined.

Further, as another method different from the impact means 4, it is also possible to use a vibrator such as a speaker driver or the like so as to give an impulse with a pulse signal. In this case, the sensor unit 31 can detect the vibration wave by using a sensor such as a pickup.

The waveform analysis and evaluation means 5 includes a waveform analysis unit 51 and a selected standard value setting unit 52.

The waveform analysis unit 51 performs a waveform analysis on a plurality of measurement items related to the internal quality, and analyzes the vibration wave detected by the vibration wave detection unit 3 using a power spectrum and an autocorrelation function. A circuit for performing waveform analysis is provided.

It is to be noted that the method of detecting the peak frequency based on the power spectrum and the method of obtaining the autocorrelation function by the waveform analysis method are well-known, and the description is omitted.

Reference numeral 511 denotes an amplifier for amplifying a signal (vibration wave) from the vibration wave detection sensor 311. Reference numeral 512 denotes a filter for separating a waveform. A circuit is configured such that the signal of the vibration wave detected by the vibration wave detection sensor 311 is input to the waveform analysis unit 51 via the amplifier 511 and the filter 512.

In this circuit, when a plurality of vibration wave detection sensors 311 are arranged, vibration waves are separately input from each of the sensors 311.

The selection standard value setting section 52 is configured to set standard values in a plurality of stages for each measurement item as shown in FIGS.

In the figure, P ₁ , P _2, ..., P ₅ are measurement items relating to the internal quality. .., B,... Are division values for classifying the class for each measurement item. a, b, c ... w is a class rank value (weight value, for example, higher, upper, lower, and higher of the class,
Good, average, and outside), and weighting for characterization of the degree of the defect is arbitrarily set for each measurement item.

Wherein each measurement item, using the measurement item of the next P ₁ to P ₅ as an example it is preferable to use the power spectrum and the autocorrelation function that is most related to the internal quality of the fruits or vegetables 10.

That is, the measurement item P ₁ is a measurement value of P ₁ obtained by multiplying a first peak frequency obtained from the power spectrum of the frequency analysis by a coefficient as a magnitude obtained from the measurement signal 20 of the vegetable 10. Is mainly used for determining the degree of maturity.

The measurement items P ₂ and P _3, the first power spectrum
The difference between the power level of the peak frequency and the second peak frequency or the power level of the third peak frequency is used as the measured value of P ₂ and P ₃ , and is mainly used for determining the uniformity of the internal quality.

The measurement item P ₄ is the magnitude of the waveform area connecting the peak point of each period of the autocorrelation function waveform has a P _4, it is mainly used to determine the internal defects such as cavities.

The measurement item P ₅ is a value obtained by integrating the area of the portion surrounded by the time axis reference line and the waveform of the autocorrelation function waveform has a measure of P _5, is used primarily determined internal defects.

Illustrated by Figure 16 how comprehensive determining a rating from each grading Rated values for each measurement item as described above (P ₁ ~P _5).

Incidentally, ※ marks indicate respective rank value grade is rated in each respective each measurement item (P ₁ ~P _5).

In this embodiment, since two impact means 4 are arranged, the result of the first attack and the result of the second impact are comprehensively determined and the result is output.

That is, each measurement item based on the first-time impact results (P ₁ ~
P ₅₎ to its maximum value (lowest) and the first-time determination result from the, then, the second time the judgment result, the single as well as the maximum value (lowest) based on the second time impact results And Then, the first and second times are compared, and one of the lower grades is determined as the result of the comprehensive judgment. In the figure, the result of the overall judgment is the second judgment (normal grade). If the determined measurement item is an item for inspecting an internal defect specified in advance, a comprehensive determination signal 55 is output that combines the internal defect signal 551 and the class signal 552.

The output device 55 activates the corresponding input device 15 to operate (display) one of the display switches 620 to 625 of the tray 6 and the switch 620 having an internal defect.

Although the measurement items in this embodiment has been described in the five fields of _{P 1, P 2, P 3} , P 4, P 5, not limited to five items, for example, two items of the P ₁ and P ₅ Or just Further, a combination of other items or only one item may be used.

The operation of the apparatus for inspecting the internal quality of fruits and vegetables configured as described above will be described.

When the tray 6 containing the fruits and vegetables 10 transported by the transporting means 1 reaches the position where the size of the fruits and vegetables is measured, that is, the position where the measuring means 2 is arranged, the tray 6 containing the fruits and vegetables 10 is moved by the lifting device 13 to the transporting means 1. And is positioned at a fixed position by the positioning device. As shown in FIG. 7, the size of the fruits and vegetables 10 on the saucer 6 positioned at the home position is measured, and a measurement signal 20 is input to the control device 200 as shown in FIG. Then, the control device 200 calculates an inspection position (equatorial portion) for detecting a vibration wave of the fruits and vegetables 10 based on the input measurement signal 20 and outputs an inspection position signal 202 to the vibration wave detection means 3. When the sensor unit 31 of the vibration wave detecting means 3 moves according to the detection position signal 202 and corresponds to the inspection position, an operation command 201 for sequentially operating the two impact means 4 output from the control device 200 gives: The impact means 4 is sequentially operated to apply impact from different positions (two places) of the fruits and vegetables 10. The vibration wave that the fruits and vegetables 10 vibrate due to this impact is sequentially detected from the sensor unit 31 and the amplifier 511,
The signal is sent to the waveform analyzer 51 of the waveform analyzer 5 via the filter 512. The waveform analysis unit 51 sequentially analyzes the waveform of a plurality of items related to the internal quality of the sequentially input vibration waves by frequency analysis using a power spectrum and waveform analysis using an autocorrelation function, and inputs the data to a selection standard value setting unit 52. I do. The sorting standard value setting unit 52 determines a grade for each of a plurality of measurement items related to the internal quality of the fruit or vegetable 10 for each of the two waveform data input sequentially. Then, the class is comprehensively determined from the determination results obtained from the two waveform data, and a comprehensive determination signal 55 is output to the input device 15. When the corresponding input device 15 is operated by the comprehensive judgment signal 55, the internal quality of the fruits and vegetables 10 placed on the tray 6 is displayed by the display switches 620 to 625.

In the embodiment, the impact means 4 is arranged at two predetermined positions around the fruits and vegetables 10, but the present invention is not limited to this. Of course, the arrangement of the sensor unit 31 is not limited to the embodiment, and any arrangement may be used as long as it can efficiently detect a vibration wave when an impact is applied.

In addition, as a general judgment method, when only one item has the lowest rank value among the measurement items, the judgment result is not output with this, and two or more items are ranked at the same rank. If the rank is lower, the rank value can be output as the determination result.

Further, although not shown as a different comprehensive judgment method,
The importance (weighting) scoring is set in advance for each item of the measurement item, and the weighting factor is also indicated for each class. When the grade is assigned for each item, the corresponding class And the score of the measurement item can be integrated respectively, and the grade can be comprehensively determined by their total score.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, the apparatus for inspecting the internal quality of fruits and vegetables according to the present invention sequentially applies impacts from a plurality of locations of fruits and vegetables, such as an inspection in which the sound is heard while manually striking several places on the outer peripheral surface of the fruits and vegetables. Since the vibration waves are analyzed and evaluated, the internal quality of the fruits and vegetables can be automatically and efficiently inspected efficiently.

More specifically, the automation has eliminated variations and erroneous determinations of test results due to individual differences, lapse of time, changes in environment, and the like, thus improving test accuracy.

In addition, the fruits and vegetables as the inspection target are transported by the transporting means, and the size of the fruits and vegetables is measured by the measuring means during the transportation, and the inspection position for the internal inspection is detected by the inspection position detecting means based on the size. Then, vibration waves when impact is sequentially applied from a plurality of locations at the inspection position are detected and analyzed and evaluated by the waveform analysis evaluation means, so that the internal quality of fruits and vegetables of various sizes can be continuously measured. Inspection can be carried out in large quantities and can be used in fruit sorting facilities, which can contribute to labor saving of facilities and improvement of inspection accuracy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

Each of the drawings shows an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a receiving tray. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the conveying means. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a positioning device. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of an input device. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a measuring means.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a vibration wave detecting means and an impact means. Ninth
The figure is a perspective view showing an impact means. FIG. 10 is a plan view illustrating another arrangement of the impact means. 11 to 15 are explanatory diagrams of a sorting standard value setting unit. FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a method of comprehensively determining a grade. FIG. 17 is a system diagram of each signal. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Conveying means, 10 ... Fruits and vegetables 11 ... Conveying roller, 12 ... Belt 13 ... Lifting device, 131 ... Stopper member 132 ... Base, 133 ... Cylinder 133a ... Piston rod, 14 ... Positioning Device 141: Centering arm, 142: Cylinder 142a: Piston rod, 143: Rack 144: Pinion, 15: Input device 151: Operation piece, 151a: Actuator 152: Support shaft, 153 ... Bracket 154 ... Cylinder, 154a ... Pin 2 ... Measurement means, 20 ... Measurement signal 200 ... Control device, 201 ... Operation command 202 ... Test position signal, 21 ... Frame 22 ... Cylinder, 23 ... Piston rod 24 ... Encoder, 25a, 25b ... Photoelectric sensor 26 ... Elevating arm, 27 ... Guide bar 28 ... Bracket, 29 ... Slide bearing 3 ... Vibration wave detecting means, 31 ... Sensor part 311 …… Vibration wave detection sensor, 312 …… Sensor Holder 313… Sensor pad 314… Head flange 315… Spring 316… Cylinder 316 a… Piston rod 317… Unit base 32… Lifting device 321… Cylinder 321 a… Piston rod 322 … Frame 323… Guide bar, 324… Guide bush 325 …… Position detecting device, 4… Impact means 41… Hammer, 42… Impact head 43 …… Shaft, 44 …… Support shaft 45 …… Cylinder , 46… Connector 461… Pad, 47… Hammer case 48… Support shaft, 49… Cylinder 5… Waveform analysis evaluation means, 50… Guide bar 51… Waveform analyzer, 511… Amplifier 512 … Filter, 52… Selection standard value setting section 55 …… Comprehensive judgment signal, 551 …… Internal defect signal 552 …… Grade signal, 6 …… Receiver 61 …… Protrusion, 61a …… Support surface 620-625… … Display switch

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoshihide Kono 630 Shinokese-cho, Hamamatsu-shi, Shizuoka Prefecture Maki Corporation (56) References JP-A 1-217255 (JP, A) JP-A 62-44660 (JP, A) Patent No. 2738444 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G01N 29/00-29/28 G01N 33/02 B07C 5/00-5/38

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of impact means provided around a fruit or vegetable in a predetermined arrangement and configured to sequentially apply an impact to the fruit or vegetable. An apparatus for inspecting the internal quality of fruits and vegetables, comprising: a vibration wave detecting means for detecting a vibrating vibration wave; and a waveform analysis and evaluation means for analyzing the detected vibration waves to evaluate the internal quality of the fruits and vegetables. And measuring means for measuring the size of the fruits and vegetables conveyed on the conveying means, and detecting an inspection position for an internal inspection of the fruits and vegetables based on the measured size of the fruits and vegetables. Means, and vibration wave detecting means provided so as to be able to move up and down along the fruits and vegetables, moving to the detected inspection position, and detecting a vibration wave which vibrates the fruits and vegetables when an impact is given to the fruits and vegetables. And a plurality of impact means, which are provided in a predetermined arrangement around the fruits and vegetables and are set so as to sequentially apply an impact to the fruits and vegetables, and analyze the vibration wave detected by the vibration wave detecting means to analyze the inside of the fruits and vegetables. An internal quality inspection device for fruits and vegetables, comprising a waveform analysis evaluation means for evaluating quality.