JP2819335B2 - Lightweight coating material - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a hollow structure in which, for example, glassy fine particles are fired at a high temperature and foamed in a coating material such as a joint treatment agent, gypsum plaster, mortar, or the like. The present invention relates to a lightweight coating material that has been made lightweight by blending a balloon that has been made, and more specifically, small cracks and small holes generated at the time of baking, and at the time of mixing with other aggregates and binders. The present invention relates to a lightweight coating material in which the water absorption of a hollow balloon due to a capillary phenomenon caused by small cracks is reduced.

[Prior Art] Generally, there are mortar, Japanese wall, plaster wall, paint, base adjustment material (so-called joint treatment material) and the like as coating materials used for interior construction work of buildings.

These are composed mainly of an inorganic binder (for example, cement, gypsum, etc.) or an organic binder (for example, PVA, vinyl resin, acrylic resin, cellulose derivative, soluble starch, etc.) and various aggregates ( For example, a mixture of sand, silica sand, calcium carbonate, clay, hillstone, and other additives such as pigments, stabilizers, thickeners, etc. is appropriately mixed with water to prepare a paste. Has been used.

In recent years, it has been required to reduce the weight of various materials by increasing the height of buildings and reducing energy consumption, and research and development of ALC boards, lightweight concrete blocks, lightweight gypsum boards, calcium silicate boards, and the like have been conducted.

With regard to coating materials used for interior construction work, studies on weight reduction have progressed, and gypsum plaster is composed of hillite plaster made by firing and expanding expanded biotite as the main component. Lightweight mortar is a representative example.

However, these use light-weight aggregates having a large individual particle size, so their use is limited, and their main use is limited to use as an undercoat material (base material).

On the other hand, firing the vitreous fine particles at a high temperature of about 1000 ° C,
A so-called hollow balloon having a hollow structure formed by expanding and foaming water contained therein has been developed.

The hollow balloon is a lightweight aggregate having a small particle size, and includes a glass balloon, a pearlite, a pearlite balloon, a shirasu balloon, a silica balloon (fly ash balloon) and the like.

These lightweight hollow balloons are made of various aggregates (inorganic filler)
It is known that by using as an alternative, a coating material for interiors having enhanced filling effect and weight reduction, which are the points of the undercoating material, and having smoothness can be obtained.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, when these hollow balloons are used for a coating material used for interior construction work or the like, they are included in industrially manufactured glass balloons and coal ash (fly ash) produced from a thermal power plant. The used silica balloon (fly ash balloon) could be used without any problem, but other hollow balloons could not be used even with a short stirring time.

The reason for this is that the coating material for interior
Mix with a stirrer to form a uniform paste. this is,
The pearlite balloon has a low strength of the hollow structure, and is broken when the paste structure is used, so that the weight becomes heavy and the drying time is significantly slowed down. In addition, even in glass balloons and silica balloons in which the strength of the hollow structure is higher than that of the pearlite balloon, even if the hollow structure is not destroyed by high pressure or vigorous stirring, it is sufficiently considered that fine cracks are generated, It is easy to imagine that excessive stirring and pressurization must be avoided in view of the destruction of the hollow structure.

Incidentally, artificially manufactured glass balloons are expensive raw materials in terms of production volume and production cost, and are not practical because of the price of lightweight coating materials for interiors.
In addition, silica balloon (fly ash balloon) contained in coal (fly ash) emitted from thermal power plants
Has a low foaming rate and is inferior to other balloons in quality in terms of quality.Furthermore, the production method is flotation and the yield is poor, domestic production is not performed and it is imported from Europe, so the cost is expensive, This is also impractical given the price of lightweight coatings for interiors.

In addition, although perlite and shirasu balloons are less likely to break the hollow structure due to forced agitation than glass balloons and silica balloons, the viscosity stability after pasting deteriorates over time, and water is added every 10 to 30 minutes. Therefore, the hollow structure was destroyed, the weight became heavier than the original design, and the drying time was significantly slowed down, so that a satisfactory result could not be obtained.

From the above, in reducing the weight of the interior coating material used for construction, those using hollow balloons are hardly sold in Japan, and recently sold partially in Western countries, Due to the high price, it is limited to special applications only.

The present inventors have paid attention to this problem, and as a result of diligent efforts, ascertained the cause of the phenomenon of water absorption of the hollow balloon, and by inhibiting this phenomenon, a lightweight coating material that prevented water absorption caused by stirring was developed. I got it. In addition, it has become possible to mix inexpensive hollow balloons which cannot be used conventionally, and have obtained inexpensive lightweight coating materials.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In the lightweight coating material according to the first aspect of the present invention, in the coating material prepared by mixing a fine-grained aggregate and a binder and mixing with water to prepare a paste, The aggregate of the particles includes a hollow balloon having a hollow structure formed by firing and foaming the vitreous fine particles at a high temperature, and a surfactant mixed with a coating material prepared by adjusting the aggregate, the binder and the water. It is.

Furthermore, in the lightweight coating material according to the second invention, the hollow balloon includes a shirasu balloon made of volcanic ash.

[Function] In the present invention, the fine-grained aggregate includes a hollow balloon having a hollow structure formed by baking vitreous fine particles at a high temperature and foaming, and a coating material prepared by adjusting the aggregate, the binder and water. , Which reduces the water absorption of the hollow balloon due to small cracks and small holes generated during firing of the hollow balloon and small cracks generated when mixing the aggregate with other aggregates. be able to.

In other words, the cause of the absorption of moisture by the hollow balloon is found to be the capillary action of small cracks and small holes generated during firing of the hollow balloon and small cracks generated when mixing the aggregate with other aggregates. By using a surfactant to improve the wetting of the surface of the hollow balloon and lowering the surface tension to prevent the capillary phenomenon, it is possible to favorably suppress the transfer of water into the hollow balloon. The present invention has been found for the first time.

In addition, especially by the above-mentioned action, conventionally, small cracks and small holes are formed in some places, and a shirasu balloon made from volcanic ash, which has been conventionally unusable as a coating material, is blended,
A good lightweight coating material could be obtained.

In other words, shirasu balloon is made of volcanic ash as a raw material,
About 10 pieces of crushed volcanic glassy rock
It is fired and foamed at 00 ° C. The literature states that if the firing temperature, heating rate, particle size distribution, components, etc. are uniform, a complete sphere can be obtained, but industrially, it is extremely difficult to keep these conditions and components constant. Actually, commercially available shirasu balloons contain many so-called "defective balloons" having cracks and small holes in addition to spherical hollow balloons. For this reason, when a shirasu balloon is blended with the coating material, the defective balloon absorbs the water of the coating material adjusted to a paste state, and the water balance changes in a short time,
Because of the increase in viscosity, it could not be used as a lightweight coating material. In addition, there is no problem in quality if this missing balloon is subjected to flotation and removing the missing product.
The cost was increased due to a decrease in the yield, and the practicality was poor.

In the present invention, the coating material refers to, for example, a mixture of a fine aggregate such as a joint treating agent, gypsum plaster, and mortar and a binder, and mixing with water to form a paste, and It is used for interior and exterior work such as ceiling.

Further, as the type of the surfactant, any surfactant can be used as long as it improves the wetting of the surface of the hollow balloon and reduces the surface tension.Examples include surfactants of tallow fatty acid soda soap, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and dialkyl sulfo succinate. Acid sodium salt, sodium polyoxyalkylene phenyl ether sulfate, polyoxyetherene derivatives (polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene alkylamine), laurin datin, Surfactants such as diisobutene maleic anhydride can be used.

Furthermore, the compounding amount of the surfactant is 0.2 parts by weight or more, preferably 0.3 parts by weight or more, and the upper limit is not clear because it depends on other additives to be added.

[Example] Example A The surface of a water-absorbing shirasu balloon was observed under a microscope.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view thereof, and as shown in the figure, the surface had small cracks and small holes in some places. It was presumed that the water content in the paste was reduced with time because water in the paste was guided into the hollow interior by the capillarity of the cracks and small holes. z Therefore, by using a surfactant to improve the surface wetting of the hollow balloon and reduce the surface tension,
Capillary phenomenon was prevented.

Example B A surfactant and water were added to a shirasu balloon of a typical production area, and changes over time were observed.

The used Shirasu balloon is Kyushu-made material A (manufactured by IJI Kasei Co., Ltd., trade name: Winlight), Kanto-made material B (manufactured by Sanki Industry Co., Ltd., trade name: Sanki light), Hokkaido-made material C (manufactured by Kushiro Coal Drying Co., Ltd., trade name; silica bar rule) and the same surfactant (manufactured by Kao Corporation,
Brand name: Neoperex) and add 40ml / balloon 1
It was mixed with 0 g of water to form a paste, which was allowed to stand at room temperature, and the time (minutes) at which the paste deteriorated to a rough state was measured.

 The results are shown in Table 1 below.

As shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the duration of time in the paste state becomes longer depending on the concentration of the surfactant added to the shirasu balloon.

This is because water penetrating by capillary action from the cracks and small holes formed from the surface of the shirasu balloon to the inside of the hollow becomes difficult to penetrate because the surface tension is reduced by the surfactant.

In addition, the inhibition of the capillary action by the surfactant was not only the inhibition of the capillary action from the cracks and small holes that had occurred since the beginning of the production, but also a hollow balloon without cracks, as in the Shirasu balloon of this example. Naturally, it is also effective for small cracks that occur.

Example C Conventionally, a joint cracking agent was prepared by changing the amount of shirasu balloon, which had not been adjusted to a good paste as a joint treating agent, in which small cracks and small holes were formed in some places.
The following Table 2 shows the composition and properties.

Each item disclosed in the table was measured and determined as follows.

Usable time; time when viscosity becomes more than doubled Drying: time when applying with 1 mm Atsumi and pressing the surface with your finger does not leave any marks (base: gypsum board) Vessel with a depth of 6 mm and width of 8 mm Filled in the groove of the letter, dried and measured the concave part with a dial cage, Abrasiveness: Empty sharpened with # 120 sandpaper, and compared in four stages to determine if it is easy to sharpen Adhesive strength: 3 mm on asbestos straight plate Applying and drying in Atsumi, bonding the jig for measuring adhesive strength with an epoxy adhesive, peeling off with a peeling tester, and determining the strength. Paste the wallpaper with a starch-based adhesive, peel off the wallpaper after 48 hours and compare the adhesion state in 4 steps As shown in Table 2, those of Example 2 (20 parts by weight of shirasu balloon, 100 parts by weight of gypsum) obtained good properties.

Example D A joint treatment agent was prepared by changing the amount of the surfactant in the composition of Example 2 described above. The composition and properties are shown in Table 3 below.

As shown in Table 3, good properties such as a decrease in the specific gravity of the paste, a decrease in the viscosity, an increase in the usable time, and an increase in the thickness of the meat were confirmed depending on the concentration of the surfactant.

In addition, it was found that poor properties such as drying property and decrease in adhesion strength appeared depending on the concentration of the surfactant.

Example E The joint treatment agent of the present invention was compared with that used as a conventional joint treatment agent.

Table 4 below shows a comparison of the composition and properties between the product of the present invention and the conventional product.

The use of Shirasu balloons is less than that of the conventional underfill joint treatment agent (ie, the filling effect is high), the polishing properties are the same, the finish, the adhesion to interior finishing goods, and the smoothness of the coating surface. The properties and the like are not much different from the joint finishing agent. From this, it was found that the joint treatment using the shirasu balloon can replace the two conventional joint treatments.

Example F The gypsum plaster of the present invention was compared with a conventional gypsum plaster.

Table 5 below shows a comparison of the composition and properties between the product of the present invention and the conventional product.

As shown in Table 5, it was found that the use of a shirasu balloon resulted in a lighter weight than a hillstone plaster, a smooth coating surface even when applied thinly, and a plaster plaster having good coatability.

Example G The cement-based spray paint of the present invention was compared with a conventional cement-based spray paint.

Table 6 below shows a comparison of the composition and properties between the product of the present invention and the conventional product.

As shown in Table 6, it was found that the use of the Shirasu balloon provided a lighter and smoother coating surface than the rough surface spray paint containing hillite.

As described above, by adding a surfactant to the composition of the coating material, it is possible to reduce the water absorption of the hollow balloon due to cracks and small holes generated in the surface of the hollow balloon, and it has been conventionally impossible to use. Using an inexpensive shirasu balloon made of ash produced as a raw material, a material similar to a coating material using an expensive balloon with no defects was obtained.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the present invention includes a fine-grain aggregate including a hollow balloon having a hollow structure formed by firing and foaming vitreous fine particles at a high temperature, and forming an aggregate, a binder, and water. Since the surfactant is blended into the coating material adjusted to have small cracks and small holes generated during the firing of the hollow balloon, and the hollow balloon due to the small cracks generated when mixing other aggregates and the binder. Water absorption can be reduced.

Further, in particular, a large number of small cracks and small holes are conventionally formed, and a shirasu balloon made of volcanic ash, which was conventionally unusable as a coating material, can be blended, and a good lightweight coating material can be obtained at low cost. There is an effect that can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

 FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a water-absorbing shirasu balloon.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ identification code FI C04B 14:24) 111: 40 (58) Investigated field (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) C04B 41/65-41/69 C04B 28/00-28/36 C04B 14/02 C04B 14/14-14/16 C04B 14/24

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A coating material prepared by mixing a fine aggregate and a binder and mixing with water to prepare a paste, wherein the fine aggregate is obtained by firing vitreous fine particles at a high temperature. A lightweight coating material comprising a hollow balloon having a hollow structure formed by foaming, wherein a surfactant is blended in the coating material in which the aggregate, the binder and the water are adjusted. 2. The lightweight coating material according to claim 1, wherein the hollow balloon includes a shirasu balloon made of volcanic ash.