JP2815348B2 - Automatic accompaniment device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment apparatus for automatically selecting an accompaniment pattern based on key depression information when a plurality of keys of an electronic musical instrument having a keyboard such as an electronic organ are depressed. About.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various types of automatic accompaniment devices for electronic musical instruments have been considered. For example, a large number of chords and a large number of accompaniment patterns are simply stored in a one-to-one correspondence and stored on a keyboard. A method is known in which the type of chord is detected based on key press information input from a user, an accompaniment pattern corresponding to the type of chord is selected, and an accompaniment sound is generated according to the selected accompaniment pattern.

However, if this method is adopted, it is necessary to store each accompaniment pattern for each type of chord.
Even if similar accompaniment patterns are individually stored and selected, it is inevitable that the memory capacity is increased, and even if the key pressing patterns are similar, different accompaniment patterns are selected. On the keyboard, it is necessary to accurately specify the type of chord, and there is a problem that it is not easy for beginners to play. For this reason, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-193200 discloses various types of chords. Are grouped into chord types similar to each other,
For example, the chord types are grouped into several chord types such as major, minor, and seventh, and accompaniment patterns are stored for each chord type group. Detecting, determining a chord type group to which the detected chord type belongs, reading an accompaniment pattern corresponding to the determined chord type group, transposing the read accompaniment pattern based on a root tone, It has been proposed to perform automatic accompaniment.

[0004]

However, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
According to the method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 193200, the root of the chord and the type of the chord are obtained based on the key press information.
There is a problem that this process takes a long time and the accompaniment is delayed. Also, in this method, the accompaniment pattern is transposed based on the root sound.
Even if the lowest note is the chord of the root 'de', the same accompaniment is pronounced even if the lowest note is the chord of the 'mi'. There is a problem that automatic accompaniment cannot be performed according to the tendency, resulting in monotonous accompaniment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic accompaniment apparatus capable of performing an accompaniment according to a basic form of a chord, a turning form, and the like, and capable of performing an accompaniment with a fast response. .

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems] automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention for achieving the above object, the lowest tone of detecting the lowest tone of each pitch corresponding to each of the three key over the depressed key Detecting means, the lowest note and a key depressed other than the lowest note
Pitch calculating means for respectively determining the pitch between each of the pitches corresponding to the respective keys, and different accompaniment patterns depending on the basic form of the chord specified by pressing three or more keys and each of the inverted forms From the accompaniment pattern stored in the storage means, which is stored in association with a combination of pitches based on the lowest pitch, and corresponds to a combination of pitches obtained by the pitch calculation means. It is characterized by comprising a selection means for selecting an accompaniment pattern.

In the automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention, the lowest note is determined based on the key depression information, and the pitches of the note other than the lowest note and the lowest note are also determined. The accompaniment pattern is determined based on the determined pitch. because you selected, root is the same chord
Also, different accompaniments can be obtained according to the difference in the lowest tone , that is, the basic form and each inverted form . In addition, it is not necessary to detect the root of a chord or the type of the chord, so that an accompaniment with a faster response can be obtained. Here, the present invention
In an automatic performance device, the storage means stores a predetermined note name.
It is assumed that the sound (the sound C in the embodiment described later) is the lowest sound.
The accompaniment pattern at the time is stored.
The accompaniment pattern selected by the selection means
Output by transposing based on the lowest tone detected by the output means
It is preferable to provide a transposition unit that performs the transposition. In this case, remember
Reduce the number of accompaniment patterns that need to be stored in the means
Can be

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a keyboard and a sound system are connected to an automatic accompaniment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The automatic accompaniment device 2 includes a keyboard 1 and MIDI (Musical instrument).
The electronic musical instrument is connected by an interface called a digital interface of the electronic musical instrument, and each key of the keyboard 1 is pressed to input the key pressing information to the automatic accompaniment device 2. The automatic accompaniment device 2 is a device that performs an automatic accompaniment integrated with a rhythm instrument or the like that performs a rhythm performance or the like based on key depression information. The instrument sound as an electric signal emitted from the automatic accompaniment device 2 , Amplifier 3a and speaker 3
b is input to the sound system provided with the musical instrument b. Since the MIDI standard is already known (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 59-129745), this M
Details of the IDI standard are omitted.

The automatic accompaniment device 2 has an interface for receiving MIDI standard key press information, a ROM for storing programs, and an RA for storing various data.
A computer system (not shown) including a M, a CPU for executing the programs, and the like is built in, and programs to be described later are executed by the computer system. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing note numbers of the MIDI standard on a keyboard.

In the MIDI standard, as shown in FIG. 2, the center C4 is numbered 60, and a number is increased by one each time a semitone is raised, and is decreased by one each time a semitone is lowered (this is referred to as a "note number"). Assigned to the key. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a program executed when key press information is received. Even if multiple keys are pressed simultaneously,
This program is executed as many times as the number of pressed keys.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a work area in the RAM used in the program shown in FIG. Here, the value CT representing the address of this work area is:
For example, it is assumed that the automatic accompaniment apparatus 2 (see FIG. 1) has been initialized to CT = 0, which indicates the head address of the work area, by an initial program executed when the power is turned on.

In this initialized state, for example, when the key "mi" of note number 40 shown in FIG. 2 is depressed and the depressed key information is input to the automatic accompaniment device 2 (see FIG. 1), FIG. Is executed. First, CT = 0 or CT #
It is determined whether it is 0 (step (a)). Here, since CT is in the initial state, it is determined that CT = 0, and the process proceeds to step (e). At the time of time-up, a timer for executing a program shown in FIG. ), The note number 40 included in the key press information is the address 0 (CT = 0) in the work area.
Is stored in the memory area. Thereafter, in step (g), the value of CT is incremented by 1, and CT = 1. Here, NK appearing in this flowchart represents the note number of the key that has been pressed this time, and LK represents the note number recorded in the memory area at address 0 in the work area.

Next, the note number 40 ('
When the key of the note number 36 ('D') is pressed at the same time as or slightly after the pressing of the key of (M '), the program shown in FIG. 3 is executed again. This time, CT = 1 (CT ≠
0), the process proceeds to step (b) after step (a), and LK and NK are compared. Here LK
= 40 and NK = 36, so go to step (c),
LK = 40 previously recorded in the memory area at address 0 in the work area is recorded in the memory area at the address indicated by CT (here, CT = 1), and LK = 40 is substituted in the memory area at address 0. Then, NK = 36 is recorded (step (d)), and then the value of CT is incremented by 1 (step (g)). In this way,
When this program is repeatedly executed, the note number assigned to the key corresponding to the lowest sound of the plurality of pressed keys is recorded in the memory area at address 0 in the work area.

Next, when the key “S” of the note number 43 is further depressed, since CT = 2 (CT ≠ 0) this time, the process proceeds to step (b) via step (a), and this time. Since LK = 36, NK = 43 (LK <NK), the process proceeds to step (f), where NK = 43 is recorded in the memory area of the address (CT = 2) indicated by CT in the work area. Thereafter, in step (g), CT is incremented by 1, and here, CT = 3.

As described above, note numbers 3 are stored in the memory areas of addresses 0, 1, and 2 in the work area, respectively.
It is assumed that the timer turned on in step (e) has timed out when 6, 40, and 43 are recorded. Here, this timer assumes that the key press information received during the predetermined time from the time when CT changes from CT = 0 to CT = 1 to the time when the time is up is the key press information of the simultaneously pressed key. This is for determining.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a program executed when the timer expires.
Is the one in the RAM used in the program shown in FIG.
FIG. 7 shows a 1-bit flag area. FIG. 7 shows an RO in which various accompaniment patterns when the lowest note is C are stored.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an accompaniment pattern storage area in M or RAM.

Here, in the accompaniment pattern storage area shown in FIG. 7, when the flag group shown in FIG. 6 is regarded as a numerical value AD representing an address, an accompaniment corresponding to the flag group is stored in a memory area corresponding to the address AD. The pattern is stored. Step (e) of the flowchart shown in FIG.
When the timer turned on in step (1) times out, the program shown in FIG. 5 is executed. First, the timer turned on in step (e) of FIG. 3 is turned off and returned to the initial state where the time can be measured again (step (e)). (H)) and then C
The value of T (the value of CT is currently 3 in this example)
Is decremented by 1 (step (i)), and it is determined whether or not the decremented CT is 0. Here, since CT = 2, the process proceeds to step (k). In step (k), the note number (here, 43) recorded in the memory area (here, the memory area of address 2) indicated by the address CT in the work area (see FIG. 4) is referred to, and the note number is recorded at address 0. Note number LK =
The difference OK from 36 is calculated. Here, OK = 43-3
6 = 7 and OK = 12 or less representing one octave, but it is possible that OK> 12. Therefore, in step (1), it is determined whether OK> 12 or OK ≦ 12, and OK is determined. If> 12, a value obtained by subtracting 12 from OK is set as a new OK (step (m)). Also OK
If ≦ 12, the process proceeds to step (n), and the flag (here, flag 6) corresponding to OK (here, OK = 7) in the flag group shown in FIG. 6 is turned on. It is assumed that all of the flags have been cleared (turned off) in advance by an initial program executed when the power of the automatic accompaniment apparatus 2 shown in FIG. 2 is turned on.

Next, returning to step (i), the value of CT is further decremented by 1 (here, CT = 1), and OK = 40−36 = 4 is obtained in the same manner as described above. Of the flag group shown in FIG. Next, in step (i), the value of CT is further decremented by 1 (here, CT = 0). In step (j), it is determined that CT = 0, and the process proceeds to step (o). In step (o), when the flag group consisting of the 11-bit flags shown in FIG. 6 is regarded as one numerical value AD, this numerical value A in the accompaniment pattern storage area (see FIG. 7) is obtained.
The accompaniment pattern stored in the memory area whose address is D is referred to.

Here, the flag group shown in FIG.
This is a flag group representing the intervals between the key corresponding to the lowest note and the key corresponding to a note name other than the lowest note among a plurality of keys pressed substantially simultaneously in FIG. 1 (see FIG. 1). Since the accompaniment pattern stored in the memory area of the address AD in the accompaniment pattern storage area when the group is regarded as the numerical value AD is referred to, the accompaniment pattern becomes an accompaniment pattern determined based on each of the above-mentioned musical intervals. .

Since the accompaniment pattern referred to as described above is an accompaniment pattern when the lowest note is C as described above, the address 0 in the work area shown in FIG.
Is transposed along this note number with reference to the note number recorded in step (p). In addition,
In the above example, since the lowest note is C ('do'), no transposition is performed. After this transposition, all the flags in the flag group are cleared (step (q)).

Here, although the chord is the same as the above example,
For example, of the keys shown in FIG.
3,48 ('mi', 'so', 'do' in order from the lowest note)
Is pressed, the OK flag in the flag group shown in FIG.
= 48-40 = 8 and OK = 43-40 = 3, that is, the flags 7 and 2 are turned on. Therefore, the above note numbers 36, 40, and 43 (in order from the lowest note)
Numerical values AD represented by the flag groups are different from each other as compared with the case where the keys of 'de', 'mi', 'so') are pressed, and are stored in the memory areas of different addresses AD in the accompaniment pattern storage area shown in FIG. The accompaniment pattern will be referred to,
Therefore, even with the same chord, different accompaniments can be performed according to the basic form, the inverted form, and the like, and more diverse accompaniments can be performed. Note number 40, 43, 48
When the keys of “mi”, “so”, and “do” are pressed in order from the lowest note side, the accompaniment pattern read from the corresponding memory area in the accompaniment pattern storage area is the lowest note (note number). After the transposition according to (40), the accompaniment is performed.

[0022]

As described in detail above, the automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention obtains the lowest note from key press information when three or more keys are pressed, and determines the lowest note and the lowest note.
Seeking each pitch between each pitch which is other than the bass corresponding to each key which is depressed respectively, due to so as to select an accompaniment pattern based on as their sound, even with the same chord e.g. Different accompaniments can be performed according to the basic form, the inverted form, and the like, and thereby a wider variety of accompaniments can be performed. Also, when selecting an accompaniment pattern, the accompaniment pattern can be selected without detecting the root of the chord or the type of the chord from the key press information, so that the detection process is omitted and the accompaniment with a faster response is performed. be able to. Further, by transposing the selected accompaniment pattern based on the lowest note, the number of accompaniment patterns to be stored can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a keyboard and a sound system are connected to an automatic accompaniment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing MIDI note numbers on a keyboard.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a program executed when key press information is received.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a work area in a RAM used in the program shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a program executed when a timer for determining that keys have been pressed simultaneously times out.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an 11-bit flag area in a RAM used in the program shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an accompaniment pattern storage area in a ROM or a RAM in which various accompaniment patterns when the lowest note is C are stored.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 keyboard 2 automatic accompaniment device 3 sound system

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-59-174894 (JP, A) JP-A-57-46296 (JP, A) JP-A-2-179690 (JP, A) JP-A 62-1979 135893 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model Application Hei 9-92695 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Application Application Hei 4-77198 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G10H 1/38

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A lowest tone detecting means for detecting a lowest tone of each pitch corresponding to each depressed the 3 key or more keys, with the lowest tone, was depressed be other than outermost bass For each key
Pitch interval calculating means for calculating each respective pitch, different accompaniment pattern in accordance with the basic form and the inverted form of a chord designated by 3 key or key depression, relative to the lowest tone between each corresponding pitch Storage means for storing in association with the combination of
An automatic accompaniment apparatus comprising: a selection unit that selects an accompaniment pattern corresponding to a combination of pitches obtained by the pitch calculation unit from the accompaniment patterns stored in the storage unit. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the storing means determines that a sound having a predetermined pitch name is the lowest.
A memorized accompaniment pattern that is assumed to be a sound
The accompaniment pattern selected by the selection means is
Transpose based on the lowest tone detected by the bass detection means
2. A transposition means for outputting the output signal.
The automatic accompaniment device as described.