JP2814731B2 - Graphic arithmetic unit - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus that generates a three-dimensional solid by a solid model based on wirer frame data used in a wire frame model. .

(Prior art) In the recent production industry, etc., in order to shorten the design period and save labor, a graphic operation device, that is, a CAD / CA
The M system has come into general use.

In the early days of this CAD / CAM system, a wire frame model was used as shape modeling. In other words, it has only line information as the information of the three-dimensional solid drawn on the display, and based on the line information, the human makes the computer calculate the intersection line, and as a result, finally generates the three-dimensional solid It is. However, this model requires a great deal of man-hours to draw a final three-dimensional solid, so the surface model has come to be used as an advanced model.
This surface model has surface information as information of the three-dimensional solid drawn on the display, and based on the surface information, a human makes a computer calculate the intersection line, and as a result, finally generates a three-dimensional solid It is. In this surface model, when the computer calculates intersections between faces, it is assumed that humans intersect and the intersections between the surfaces are calculated because the surfaces intersect each other. Instructions are issued to the computer one by one, and when such instructions are completed for all surfaces, a desired three-dimensional solid can be obtained.
As described above, even with a surface model developed from a wire frame, as described above, until a three-dimensional solid is obtained, it is necessary for a human to judge the necessity of intersection calculation between a large number of planes while performing it. Very recently, a model called a solid model that has not only the surface data of the surface model but also the topological data (the relationship between surfaces, edges, and vertices) has remained, Has been developed and used in practice. Since this solid model has the above-described phase data, the above-described intersection calculation can be automatically performed by a computer. In order to obtain a three-dimensional solid in this solid model, it is only necessary to generate a basic solid, arrange it, and give an instruction to the computer to perform a set operation. Therefore, in this solid model, there are very few parts that involve humans in performing graphic operations, and graphic operations can be performed efficiently with simple operations.
It is considered to be the mainstream of M.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, in the early days when the CAD / CAM system was introduced, since the wire frame model was the mainstream as described above, the form of the initially input data was naturally a wire frame model. Data, that is, data composed only of line information, and an enormous amount of data is input. However, at present, since a solid model is becoming mainstream, initially a large amount of input data for a wire frame is becoming unavailable. On the other hand, work to input data for a solid model in preparation for using the solid model is underway.

Since the data for the wire frame and the data for the solid model are not interchangeable, the currently input data for the wire frame cannot be used as it is as the data for the solid model. If a solid model can be used to generate a three-dimensional solid using the data for the frame, a vast amount of input data for the word frame can be effectively used.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described disadvantages, and an object of the present invention is to provide an image forming apparatus capable of generating a three-dimensional solid by a solid model using wire frame data. I do.

(Means for Solving the Problems) To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a command output means for outputting various commands when performing a graphic operation;
A storage unit that stores wire frame data consisting of only three-dimensional solid line information, and a cross-section group in an arbitrary direction from the wire frame data stored in the storage unit based on a command output from the command output unit. A data generation unit that generates and outputs the data of the cross-section group as data for a solid model; a solid model generation unit that generates a three-dimensional solid based on the data for the solid model obtained by the data generation unit; Display means for displaying a three-dimensional solid obtained by the solid model generation means.

(Operation) The image processing device of the present invention configured as described above operates as follows.

The command output means outputs a command for generating a three-dimensional solid. Generally, a keyboard is used as this command output means. The storage means stores wire frame data consisting only of three-dimensional solid line information, and necessary data is extracted from the wire frame data based on a command output from the command output means. The data generating unit extracts wire frame data stored in the storage unit based on the command output from the command output unit, generates a group of sections in an arbitrary direction from the wire frame data, and Let the data be data for the solid model. Then, the solid model generation means displays a three-dimensional solid on the display means based on the generated cross-section group.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a drawing calculation device according to the present invention. The wire frame data storage unit 1 stores, as data, only wire frame data conventionally input in large quantities, that is, only line information constituting a three-dimensional solid. The solid model data storage unit 2 stores data for a solid model, that is, surface data,
Data composed of edge data and phase data indicating the relationship between vertices is stored. The solid model data generation unit 3 is a unit that generates a group of cross-sections of an arbitrary direction of a three-dimensional solid formed by the data based on the wire frame data described in the wire frame data storage unit 1. The generation of the cross-section group is performed based on a command from the terminal device 4, that is, a command such as from which direction the cross-section is to be formed and what is the generation pitch of the cross-section group. The solid model generation unit 5 generates a solid model based on the data of the cross-section group generated by the solid model generation unit 3 or the solid model data stored in the solid model data storage unit 2, and generates a three-dimensional solid shape. Is calculated. This calculation is performed based on a command from the terminal 4. The display unit 6 displays a three-dimensional solid shape obtained as a result of the calculation by the solid model generation unit 5, and usually uses a CRT display.

The image processing apparatus of the present invention configured as described above generates a three-dimensional solid shape as shown in the flowcharts of FIG. 2 and subsequent figures.

First, the power is turned on, the CAD device is started (S1), and a program for automatically generating a cross section is designated from the terminal device 4 (S1).
2), start the automatic cross section initialization program (S3). Next, when the automatic section data generation program is started to open the universal file data allocation, a menu screen displaying various functions is displayed on the display unit 6 (S4 to S6). The operator designates what kind of processing is to be performed from the terminal 4 by looking at this menu screen, and if the designation is canceled after the designation, the universal file data set is closed (S7 to S9). On the other hand, if the three-dimensional model processing is designated by the function selection in step S7 without cancellation, the processing is performed (S10, S11), and if the rotator model processing is designated, the processing is performed (S12, S13). Further, when the sweep body model is specified, the processing is performed (S14, S1
5) When a pipe model process is designated, the process is executed (S16). After each of these processes is performed, the process returns to step S6, and a menu screen is displayed on the display unit 6.

Next, each subroutine flowchart shown in FIG. 2 will be described in detail.

The flowcharts shown in FIG. 3 to FIG.
It shows a specific process of the three-dimensional model process in the step of S11 in the flowchart of the figure.

When the three-dimensional model processing is designated by the terminal device 4, first, the operator designates a line group of the wire frame model, designates a cutting direction for obtaining a cross-sectional group, a pitch for cutting the cross-section, and a reference line, If special processing needs to be performed, select a processing option. The instruction of the reference line is performed in order to determine the start point when each section is generated (S21, S2
Five). When all the inputs required to perform the three-dimensional model processing are completed as described above, the solid model data generation unit 3 cuts the first cross section. That is,
The data described in the wire frame data storage unit 1 is extracted (S26). Next, based on the extracted data, free points and lines are generated as shown in FIG. 6A (S27). If no processing option is selected in step S25, the X coordinate of these points is determined. Find the smallest point,
Further, if there are a plurality of points having the minimum X coordinate, the points are arranged in descending order of the Y coordinate, and this point is set as a start point (point numbered 1 in the figure) so as to include the entire point and draw a line. Pull. Such a process is continuously performed until returning to the start point, and finally a convex shape as shown in the figure is generated (S28, S29). Further, if a processing option is not selected in the step of S25, a connection process to a side near the free point is performed, and a convex shape as shown in FIG. 6A is formed as shown in FIG. 6B. And display the shape on the display unit 6. What is defined when performing this connection processing is that, in the case of a line, as shown in FIG. 6C,
Both ends should be connected to the closest end point for the closest side. If the connecting lines intersect as shown in Fig. 6D, connect so that the lines do not intersect. Then, as shown in FIG. 6E, the connection is not made when the intersection cannot be avoided (S30, S32). Note that S
The processing options determined in step 28 include processing to continue the logic from another end point when lines are hit during the generation of the convex shape, and method of finding the next point from the exit of the line Is a process of searching for the outermost point that does not intersect with one's own line, instead of searching for convexity.

Next, when there is no section data, the operator inputs that fact from the terminal 4, and the solid model data generation unit 3 calculates the next cutting position, and the section at the section position obtained as a result of the calculation. After cutting, the process returns to the step S27 (S33 to S35). When the operator issues a command to move the cutting position using the terminal 4, the cutting position is moved to prepare for the cross-sectional cutting at the next cutting point (S3).
6, S37). On the other hand, when the operator instructs the formation of the cross-sectional shape and the next cutting by using the terminal device 4, the solid model data generating unit 3 performs an error check and registers the cross-sectional shape to prepare for the cross-sectional cutting at the next cutting point (S38). ~ S4
0).

Next, the solid model data generating unit 3 determines whether or not the next cutting point has been input, and if there is the next cutting point, cuts the cross section as in step S26 shown in FIG. First, a connection is made along the previously formed shape (S41 to S43). If the processing option is not set, a process of connecting a free point to a nearby side is performed as in step S31 shown in FIG. 3, and the shape is displayed on the display unit 6 (S44 to S46). . Next, when there is no section data, when the operator inputs that fact from the terminal 4, the process returns to the step of S34 in FIG. 3, and the next section position is calculated (S47). When the operator instructs the formation of the cross-sectional shape and the next cutting by the terminal device 4, the process returns to the step S40 in FIG. 3, and the solid model data generating unit 3 performs an error check and registers the cross-sectional shape. Prepare for section cutting at the next cutting point (S48, S4
9). When the operator issues a command to move the cutting position using the terminal 4, the cutting position is moved to prepare for the cross-sectional cutting at the next cutting point (S50, S51). Then, a cross section is cut at the next cutting point based on the cross section pitch, a connection is made along the previous shape, and if there is no curve in the connection, the cross section is registered, and the process returns to step S41. The above processing is repeated. On the other hand, if there is a curve in the connection, the process returns to step S46 to cause the display unit 6 to display the shape (S52 to S55).

When the cutting of all the cutting points is completed, the data of the old work section is deleted, and the vector of the cutting direction set first is set in the work array (S56 to S56).
57). Next, the solid model generation unit 5 sets the sectional line group obtained as described above as TWA,
The section line group name is changed and the section data is set in the work table (S58 to S61). Next, a point near the center of gravity of the cross section is obtained, an intersection between the cross section and the reference line is obtained, and a point closest to the intersection and the cross section element is obtained (S62).
~ S64). Then, the line group TWA and the edge flag of the start element around the cross section are obtained (S65), and the cross section generated by sorting the cross section loop elements is displayed on the display unit 6 (S66, S67). When the above display is completed for all the sections, the generated section data is accepted and the data is subjected to coordinate transformation. In this coordinate conversion, coordinate conversion is performed on a coordinate system in which the normal line of the cut surface is the Z axis (S68 to S71). When the coordinate conversion is completed, the program file data set allocation is opened, and the data obtained by rotating and moving the program file is stored in the solid model data storage unit 2 (S72, S73). Once this data is stored, close the program file,
After writing the universal file skin group control data and the universal file skin group section data, the figure displayed on the display unit 6 is erased and the generated cross section data is deleted (S74 to S74).
77).

The three-dimensional model processing is specifically performed through the above process, and the outline of this processing is shown in FIG.
The following is a simplified description based on FIG. 7C.

First, in order to generate a group of cross sections obtained by cutting a wire frame model as shown on the left side of FIG. 7A at a constant cross section, the user selects a model by using a menu screen as shown in FIG. 7B. Specify the direction of the section, the section pitch, and the reference line. When this designation is performed, free points and lines are generated as described above, a convex shape is generated, and a process of connecting the free points and lines to nearby sides is performed. The cross-sectional shape generated in this manner is displayed on the display unit 6. If the shape needs to be corrected, the operator gives an instruction to correct the shape from the terminal 4. The description of this correction is omitted in the flowchart. When the first cross-sectional shape is obtained in this way, the 7C
As shown in the figure, cross sections of a portion shifted by a designated pitch are formed one after another by the same processing as described above, and are connected to the previously generated cross sections one after another. The data obtained in this manner is output as cross-sectional data by a skin group in a universal file format, subjected to coordinate transformation such as rotation and movement, and stored in the solid model data storage. Thus, data for the solid model is generated based on the wire frame data.

The flowchart shown in FIG. 8 shows the specific processing of the rotating body model processing in step S13 in the flowchart of FIG.

When the rotating body model processing is designated by the terminal device 4,
The operator designates a line group of the wire frame model and designates a rotation axis for obtaining a rotating body (S81,
S82). If special processing needs to be performed, a processing option is selected (S83). The data of the designated line group is rotated about the designated rotation axis to accumulate the data. Since the data obtained by this rotation contains an error, the error is removed, and if the processing option is not set, a convex shape is generated in the same manner as described in the three-dimensional model processing, and the processing option is further set. If is not set, a process of connecting free points and lines to nearby sides is performed, and the shape is displayed on the display unit 6 (S84 to S90). If the processing option is set, the display unit 6 immediately displays the shape obtained in the processing up to the present. Next, when the operator instructs the formation of the cross-sectional shape from the terminal device 4, the solid model data generation unit 3 performs an error check and registers the cross-sectional shape.
(S91, S92). The solid model generation unit 5 sets the line loop of the reference section obtained as described above as TWA, and sets the section data in the work table (S93, S94). Next, the section data is set in the work table, the start point around the section is accepted, and the close check of the section loop and the setting of sequential data are performed (S95, S96). Next, a point near the center of gravity of the cross section is determined, the rotation axis data is accepted, and a cross section is generated in consideration of the rotation (S97 to S99). Then, after deleting the data of the work cross section, the generated cross section data is accepted and the data is subjected to coordinate transformation (S100 to S102). When the coordinate conversion is completed, the program file data set allocation is opened, and the data obtained by rotating and moving the program file rotating body is stored in the solid model data storage unit 2 (S103, S104). When this data is recorded, the program file is closed, the universal file profile control data and the universal file profile section data are written, and then the figure displayed on the display unit 6 is erased and the generated sectional data is deleted ( S105 to S108).

The rotator model processing is specifically performed through the above-described process, but the outline of this processing will be briefly described based on FIGS. 9A and 9B as follows. Become.

First, in order to obtain cross-sectional data from a wire frame model as shown on the left side of FIG. 9A, the user selects a model and specifies a rotation axis on a menu screen. When this designation is made, free points and lines are generated as described above, a convex shape is generated after the rotation of data and summation of allowable errors are performed, and the free points and lines are further drawn. Processing for connecting to a nearby side is performed. The cross-sectional shape generated in this manner is displayed on the display unit 6. If the shape needs to be corrected, the operator gives an instruction to correct the shape from the terminal 4. The description of this correction is omitted in the flowchart. When the first cross-sectional shape is obtained in this way, as shown in FIG. 9B, the obtained cross-sectional shape data is output as cross-sectional data based on a profile in a universal file format, and the data such as rotation and movement are added to the data. The coordinate transformation is performed to create a rotating body model, which is stored in the solid model data storage unit. Thus, data for the solid model is generated based on the wire frame data.

The flowchart shown in FIG. 10 shows the specific processing of the sweeping body model processing in step S15 in the flowchart of FIG.

When the rotating body model processing is designated by the terminal device 4,
The operator designates a line group of the wire frame model and designates a sweep axis for obtaining a sweep body (S11).
1, S112). Then, the obtained data is projected, and rounding processing based on an allowable error is performed (S113, S114). The projection data within this error range is converted into an axis coordinate system and registered as shape data. In this coordinate conversion, coordinate conversion is performed to a cylindrical coordinate system having the rotation axis as the Z axis (S115, S116). Next, the end point data of the sweep axis is accepted, the section data is set on the work table, the start point around the section is accepted, the shift vector is determined, and the close check of the section loop and the setting of sequential data are performed (S117, S120). Next, a section is generated in consideration of the surroundings, the data of the workpiece section is deleted, a shifted section is generated, the generated section data is accepted, and the data is subjected to coordinate transformation (S121, S12).
Five). In this coordinate conversion, coordinate conversion is performed using the sweep body axis as the Z axis. When the coordinate conversion is completed, the program file data set allocation is opened, and the data obtained by rotating and moving the program file is stored in the solid model data storage unit 2 (S126, S127). When this data is stored, the program file is closed, the universal file skin group control data and the universal file skin group section data are written, and then the figure displayed on the display unit 6 is deleted and the generated cross section data is deleted. (S128, S13
1).

The sweeping body model processing is specifically performed through the above-described process, and the outline of this processing will be briefly described based on FIGS. 11A and 11B as follows. Become.

First, in order to obtain cross-sectional data from a wire frame model as shown on the left side of FIG. 11A, the user selects a model and instructs a sweep line on a menu screen. When this designation is made, the data obtained as described above is projected, and after the tolerances of the data are summarized, a cross section is generated. The cross-sectional shape generated in this way is swept to form a swept cross section. When the sweep cross-sectional shape is obtained in this way,
As shown in FIG.11B, the obtained data of the cross-sectional shape
The data is output as cross-sectional data by a profile in a universal file format, subjected to coordinate transformation such as rotation and movement, and stored in the solid model data storage unit. Thus, data for the solid model is generated based on the wire frame data.

The flowchart shown in FIG. 12 shows the specific processing of the pipe model processing in the step of S16 in the flowchart of FIG.

When the pipe model processing is designated by the terminal 4,
The operator designates a line group of the wire frame model, designates a path and designates a start point around the cross section (S141 to S143). Then, the section is cut, a section shape is formed, and the shape data is registered (S1).
44-S146). Next, the pulse line group is accepted as TWA, and the line group name of the path is changed and accepted as the reference section line group TWA (S147 to S149).
Next, the symbol name and the number of cross sections are accepted, a line group of the cut plane is generated and displayed, and the work cross section data is deleted (S150 to S152). Then, the start point around the section is accepted, a path curve is generated, and the section is sorted and the loop of the section is sorted (S1).
53-S155). Next, the path data is accepted, converted, and the universal data skin group control data and the universal file skin loop path data are written (S156 to S159). Then, the section data is written, the section data is converted, the universal file skin group section data is written, the last displayed figure is deleted, and the generated data is deleted (S160, S163).

As described above, solid model data of various shapes can be obtained based on the wire frame data.

(Effect of the Invention) As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention,
A group of micro-pitch sections is generated based on the data for the wireframe, and the data of the group of sections is used to form a three-dimensional solid with a solid model, so the data for the wireframe is effectively used. be able to.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an image forming apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a main flowchart for forming a three-dimensional solid in the apparatus of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 to 5 show solid model processing. FIGS. 6A to 6E and FIGS. 7A to 7C are diagrams for explaining a schematic process of a three-dimensional model process, FIG. 8 is a subroutine flowchart showing a rotating body model process, FIGS. FIG. 9B is a diagram for explaining the outline processing of the rotating body model processing. FIG. 10 is a subroutine flowchart showing the sweeping body model processing. FIGS. 11A and 11B are schematic explanations of the processing of the sweeping body model processing. FIG. 12 is a subroutine flowchart showing pipe model processing. 1 ... wire frame data storage unit (storage unit), 2 ... solid model data storage unit, 3 ... solid model data generation unit (data generation unit), 4 ... terminal (command output unit), 5 ... ... a solid model generation unit (solid model generation means); 6 ... a display unit (display means).

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G06T 17/00 JICST file (JOIS)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A command output unit for outputting various commands when performing a graphic operation; a storage unit for storing wireframe data consisting only of three-dimensional solid line information; and a command output from the command output unit. A data generating means for generating a cross-section group in an arbitrary direction from the wire frame data stored in the storage means, and using the data of the cross-section group as data for a solid model; and A graphic operation device comprising: a solid model generating means for generating a three-dimensional solid based on the data for the solid model; and a display means for displaying the three-dimensional solid obtained by the solid model generating means.