JP2813172B2 - Opening device for synthetic short fibers - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for opening synthetic short fibers used as a raw material of a nonwoven fabric.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A nonwoven fabric mainly composed of pulp is formed into a web by a wet papermaking method represented by paper and a dry airlaid method.

In recent years, the dry air raid method has come into the spotlight in pursuit of productivity and high quality.

[0004] In the field of the airlaid method, heat-bonded non-woven fabrics mainly composed of pulp mixed with low-melting synthetic fibers are mainly used. In the manufacturing process, as shown in FIG. 3A, the raw pulp supplied from the raw material supply conveyor 10 is defibrated through a coarse crusher 11 and a fine crusher 12, and low-melting synthetic fibers are mixed therewith. The non-woven fabric is supplied to a non-woven fabric manufacturing machine 13 to produce a non-woven fabric.

Recently, there has been a strong demand for a shift from a pulp-based nonwoven fabric to a synthetic fiber-based nonwoven fabric that takes advantage of the properties of various synthetic fibers. Even if a card was used as a fiber machine, the fiber opening was insufficient and the productivity was still low, and it could not be adopted in a continuously automated nonwoven fabric manufacturing process. FIG. 3B shows a raw material supply conveyor 2 using synthetic short fibers as a raw material.
It is explanatory drawing of the process which supplies to the card machine 21 from 0, opens it, and supplies to the nonwoven fabric manufacturing machine 22 and manufactures a nonwoven fabric. In general, the synthetic fiber is spun out from a number of spinning nozzles as a continuous filament by a melt spinning method or the like, and cut into a required fiber length in a cutting step. If the fiber length is 20 mm or more, the fiber can be opened with the above card machine.
If the fiber length is not more than 5 mm, especially about 5 mm, the carding machine does not sufficiently open the fiber, and at the one end of the cut end face cut in the cutting step after the spinning, nodules or a large number of fibers adhere to each other. Remaining in the form of tufts, and a good nonwoven fabric cannot be produced.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is capable of opening short fiber cotton having a synthetic fiber length of 10 mm or less as described above,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a synthetic fiber short fiber opening device capable of high production and automation (labor saving).

[0007]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a spiral opening chamber having a suction port on a side surface near the center and a discharge port in a tangential direction of an outer peripheral portion. A rotatable blade rotatably supported at the center portion of the spiral opening chamber and generating a swirling flow in the fiber raw material together with air. It is characterized by being installed only on the wall surface and the discharge port.

[0008]

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of a nonwoven fabric manufacturing process to which the fiber-spreading method of the present invention is applied, FIG. 2A is a longitudinal sectional front view showing an embodiment of the fiber-spreading apparatus of the present invention, B) is a longitudinal sectional side view thereof, (C) is a perspective view showing an example of a fiber opening blade member,
(D) is an explanatory view showing an example of an attached state of the spreader blade member near the discharge port. In FIG. 1, 1 is a raw material supply hopper, 2 is a fiber opening device, 3 is an air transport duct, and 4 is a nonwoven fabric manufacturing machine.

The raw material supply hopper 1 has a carry-in conveyor 1a.
The fiber raw material 5 carried in is supplied to the spike dratiss 1c by the feed conveyor 1b and is scraped, and the lump is dropped on the feed conveyor 1b by the even roller 1d.
What passed is sent out by a fixed amount by a stripping roller 1f.

The opening device 2 includes a spiral opening chamber 2a and a rotary blade 2b. The spiral opening chamber 2a has a suction port 2c on a side surface near the center and a tangential line on the outer peripheral portion. A discharge opening 2d is provided in the direction, and a spreading blade member 2e is continuously provided along the inner wall surface and the discharge opening 2d, and a rotary blade 2b is rotatably supported at the center of the spiral opening chamber 2a. Then, a swirling flow is generated in the fiber raw material 5 together with the air, and the swirling flow is caused to collide with the fiber opening blade member 2e on the inner wall surface of the spiral fiber opening chamber 2a and the inner wall surface of the discharge port 2d.
Are continuously opened.

The rotary blade 2b is driven to rotate by a motor 2f, and the shape of the blade may be any of a streamline type spiral shape, a straight plate type radial blade shape, and the like. An extension nose 2g is attached to the discharge port 2d.
The fiber opening blade member 2e is also installed on the inner wall surface of g. An introduction hopper 2h for introducing the fiber raw material 5 sent out from the raw material supply hopper 1 is installed at the suction port 2c. FIG. 2C illustrates an example in which the mountain-shaped unevenness is formed in a plate-like blade, but the fiber-spreading blade member 2e is not limited thereto. A sharp projection can be employed.

The rotation speed of the rotary blade 2b, the spreader blade member 2e
The mounting state of is set appropriately according to the fiber opening conditions, and
It is preferable that the length L of the extended nose 2g can be appropriately changed depending on the fiber opening conditions.

The embodiment of the present invention has the above-described configuration, and the opening operation will be described next. First, the motor 2f is driven to rotate the rotary blades 2b to generate a negative pressure in the center of the spiral opening chamber 2a. The fiber raw material 5 is caused to collide with the opening blade members 2e installed on the inner wall surface of the spiral opening chamber 2a one after another, and the fiber raw material 5 is aggregated by the sharp protrusions of each opening blade member 2e. The lumps of the fibrous raw material 5 adhering in a tuft-like manner are repeatedly subjected to a tearing action many times. The same fiber opening action is also exerted when passing through the discharge port 2d and the extension nose 2g. Thereby, the nodules of the fiber raw material 5 are gradually unraveled and sufficiently opened. As a result, a good nonwoven fabric can be produced, and synthetic fiber can be used as a raw material for disposable diapers, wet tissues, and the like.

[0015]

According to the present invention, the fiber-spreading blade member is installed only on the inner peripheral wall surface of the spiral fiber-spreading chamber and on the discharge port, so that the fibers are not entangled with the rotating blades, and continuous operation is possible. It is possible. That is, the spread fiber is rotated by the rotation of the rotating blades.
The air is sucked into the spiral opening chamber together with the air, and a high-speed swirling flow is given thereto. The fiber-opening action is repeatedly applied over many times, and the fiber is sufficiently opened and discharged from the discharge port, and is also discharged and discharged even when passing through the discharge port.
Continuous operation is possible. In particular, the device of the present invention is very suitable when applied to the fiber-spreading step of the manufacturing process of a nonwoven fabric using synthetic fiber short fibers having a fiber length of 10 mm or less as a raw material.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of a nonwoven fabric manufacturing process to which the device of the present invention is applied.

2 (A) is a vertical sectional front view showing an embodiment of the fiber opening device of the present invention, FIG. 2 (B) is a vertical sectional side view thereof, FIG. 2 (C) is a perspective view showing an example of a fiber opening blade member, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an example of an attached state of a fiber-spreading blade member near a discharge port.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are schematic explanatory views of a conventional nonwoven fabric manufacturing process.

[Description of Signs] 1 Material supply hopper 2 Spreader 2a Spiral spreader 2b Rotating blade 2e Spreader blade member 3 Air transport duct 4 Nonwoven fabric manufacturing machine 5 Fiber raw material

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A spiral opening chamber having a suction port on a side surface near the center and a discharge port in a tangential direction of an outer peripheral portion, and is rotatably supported by a central portion of the spiral opening chamber. A fiber opening device having rotating blades for generating a swirling flow in a fiber raw material together with air, wherein a fiber opening blade member is provided only on an inner peripheral wall surface and a discharge port of the spiral opening chamber. Short fiber opening device.