JP2810834B2 - Moving diaphragm actuator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fluid pressure device for performing a predetermined operation by fluid pressure, and more particularly to an improvement of an operation mechanism for controlling a drive mechanism such as an air clutch and an air brake, that is, an actuator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, clutches, brakes and the like are generally
It consists of a drive mechanism that transmits rotation, and an actuator that controls the drive mechanism. The operating force of the actuator is human power, fluid pressure (pneumatic, hydraulic),
Electromagnetic force, mechanical force (cam, centrifugal force, etc.) are utilized, as a method for controlling inter alia pneumatic utilizes hydraulic or the like drive mechanism such as a clutch, there is the following good Unamo.

(1) Piston-cylinder system FIG. 5 (a) shows a piston-cylinder having a ring-shaped piston e which is loaded into a cylinder f having a ring-shaped groove and which is operated by fluid pressure from a fluid pressure supply port g. It is a method. Although this is a compact structure, the amount of operation (movement of the piston) can be increased, and the air inlet (compressed air supply port) can be provided at an arbitrary position such as the outer periphery or side surface of the cylinder. It has the advantage of being inexpensive .
On the other hand, since the sliding surface is made of metal, an O-ring or lubricating oil is required, and operation due to foreign matter entering the cylinder
Failure is likely to occur. Furthermore, responsiveness to micro pressure and micro operation
Bad (stick phenomenon), gradually activated the clutch
There is a drawback such as being unsuitable in such cases.

[0004] (2) tube system diagram. 5 (b), is a tube system which is fitted a ring-shaped plate i through the ring-shaped tube h in-ring shaped groove,
Since no lubricating oil is required, and no malfunction occurs due to foreign matter entering the tube, the responsiveness to minute pressure and minute operation is extremely good. On the other hand, since there is a limit to the expansion of the tube, the wear amount of the clutch (total work) becomes rather large
If this is not the case. Also, many tube deformations
Air, such as at the outer or inner circumference of the tube.
If a knurl is provided, stress will concentrate on that part and breakage may occur.
There is it. To improve the durability of the tube,
If the air inlet is not provided in the part with little deformation of the surface
There are restrictions on the position of the air inlet. Further
In addition, the installation of the die, production by press molding, etc.
There is a disadvantage that the production cost of the tube is increased.

[0005] (3) the diaphragm mode Figure. 5 (c), Ru der those diaphragm scheme fitted a ring-shaped plate k through the diaphragm j in a ring groove.
This does not require lubrication oil, the malfunction due to mixing of foreign matter into the cylinder does not occur, the fine pressure, there are advantages such as have yo an extremely responsive for fine working.

On the other hand, the base end of the diaphragm is a cylinder f
Fixed to the side wall of the diaphragm j, the amount of expansion of the diaphragm j
Considering that the operating amount is small,
Tolerance is small. Therefore, the total workload is small
There are difficulties. Also, increase the torque of the clutch.
If you try to respond with high pressure,
Excessive force is applied to the base mounting part of the
There is a disadvantage that there is no. In addition, the base of the diaphragm
When the part is fixed, the mounting position is scratched and prevented.
If you attach the diaphragm loosely,
There are drawbacks such as departure and air leakage. Therefore,
Great care must be taken when replacing the diaphragm.

[0007] (4) bellofram mode Figure 5 (d) also the in which the bellofram scheme charged bellofram m bellows instead of the diaphragm. This does not require a lubricating oil, and has good responsiveness to micro pressure and micro operation. Further, by making a lot of folds, that have a merit such it can increase the amount of operation.

On the other hand, it is difficult to cope with high pressure. You
That is, maintain its original shape even under high pressure
Requires that Belofram be rugged and this
Satisfying the demands, the low pressure response characteristic of Velofram
Sex will be impaired. In addition, high pressure and fluid pressure
Repeatedly opening and folding the folds
Concentrated stress is applied to
It will be easier. The base end of the bellofram is located on the side of the cylinder.
Compressed air from the outer circumference of the cylinder, etc.
Air cannot be supplied, and the air inlet
There is about. In addition, Belofram itself forms many folds.
Therefore, there are drawbacks such as high price.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a fluid pressure type actuator having revolutionary features and characteristics capable of compensating for the disadvantages of the above four types. It is.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, an actuator according to the present invention slides in a cylinder.
This is a mobile actuator that can be used. Sand
In addition, a syringe with a U-shaped cross section of the diaphragm holder
Actuator to slide the pressure plate slidably fitted inside the damper
Equipped with a fluid hole on the side of the cylinder inside the cylinder
Loosely fit the retainer and fit it around from the front of the retainer.
The moving diaphragm is integrated with the retainer.
The part that fits around the retainer of the moving diaphragm.
Contact the inner wall of the cylinder and pierce the diaphragm holder
Fluid die sent from the fluid supply port
Individual expansion of the diaphragm, or sliding and expansion integral with the retainer
This is characterized in that the extension is performed.

This pressure plate is mounted on the drive side main body.
By friction coupling with drive system, return spring and fluid pressure release
For drive mechanism control that shuts off the drive system upon return
Configurations can also be employed.

Since the frictional transmission body mounted on the main body on the drive shaft side has a ring shape, the diaphragm holder opposed thereto is formed in a ring shape having a cylinder having a U-shaped cross section around the diaphragm holder.
It is common to configure. Also, the drive shaft and the driven shaft
In the opposing mechanism, the
The diaphragm holder is a cylindrical diaphragm holder.
Just do it. Then, the cylinder opened facing the friction transmission
Synthetic rubber from front to inner and outer edges
A moving diaphragm with a C-shaped cross section made of an elastic material such as
And attach them to the cylindrical retainer.
The configuration may be such that it is loaded in the die.

The retainer and the moving diaphragm having a C-shaped cross section are formed in grooves formed on the inner and outer circumferences of the retainer from the front surface thereof.
The protrusion at the base end of the moving diaphragm having the C-shaped cross section is fitted together so as to be integrally assembled, and a pressure fluid supply port (for example, an air supply port) is arbitrarily provided on the outer periphery through a side surface or a side wall of the diaphragm holder. The pressurized fluid (compressed air) may be supplied to the moving diaphragm through the fluid hole of the retainer in the cylinder.

[0014]

In the present invention having the above structure, the movable diaphragm is provided so as to be slidable in the cylinder together with the retainer. Therefore, the movable diaphragm is provided through a pressure fluid supply port (for example, an air inlet) provided in a circumferential direction or a side surface of the cylinder. The fluid to be fed passes through a hole provided in the retainer and causes the moving diaphragm to expand independently, and the diaphragm contacts the pressure plate.
Catalyst and heat to give a pressure, or by pressing the pressure plate by cooperation of expansion and sliding in the axial direction together with the retainer, equipped with friction transmission system on the outer periphery of the driving system of the body, for example, outside in the clutch or the like A plate and a friction plate such as an inner plate are pressed and joined . Also,
The moving diaphragm can be slid back to the original position via the pressure plate by the return spring and the release pin, and the transmission can be cut off.

When the amount of expansion of the moving diaphragm is small,
Retainer fitting part of moving diaphragm and inner wall of cylinder
Retainer expands only moves the diaphragm do not move because of slide surfaces of the friction between the. When the expansion amount of the moving diaphragm increases, the moving diaphragm moves together with the retainer, so that the pressure plate can be largely moved without the diaphragm itself expanding excessively. Also, since the compressed air of the pressure fluid only passes through the hole of the retainer, no moving pressure is applied to the retainer itself, and only the expansion force of the diaphragm acts on the pressure plate, the operation is extremely soft, and the air pressure is reduced. A minute change can be quickly transmitted to the pressure plate.

When the friction gap is not worn and the working gap (the working amount G) is small, the state in which no air pressure is applied, that is, the state before the operation, as shown in FIG. The plate and the moving diaphragm are in close contact with each other in the cylinder.

In a state where the friction plate is not worn and the air pressure fed from the direction of the arrow is low, as shown in FIG. 3B, a part of the moving diaphragm contacts the pressure plate and To apply slight surface pressure to softly operate clutches and brakes.

Further, in a state where the friction plate is not worn (actuation amount G) and the air pressure fed from the direction of the arrow is increased, almost the entire surface of the moving diaphragm is pressure plate as shown in FIG. To apply high surface pressure to the friction plate and strongly activate the clutch and brake. In this case, since the operation amount G is small, the moving diaphragm and the retainer do not move.

When the friction plate is worn and the working gap is large, the working amount G 'is large as shown in FIG. 3D. In this case, the air pressure fed from the direction of the arrow is low. In this state, the moving diaphragm moves together with the retainer, and a part of the moving diaphragm contacts the pressure plate to apply a weak surface pressure to the friction plate, so that the clutch and the brake can be operated softly.

When the friction plate is worn and the air pressure is increased, as shown in FIG. 3E, the moving diaphragm moves together with the retainer, and almost the entire surface of the moving diaphragm comes into contact with the pressure plate. By applying a high surface pressure to the friction plate, the clutch and brake can be operated strongly.

Thus, immediately after the exhaust, ie, when the air pressure is reduced to zero as shown in FIG.
The moving diaphragm contracts quickly, and the friction plate is released in a short time.

Thereafter, the retainer returns to the original position and enters a standby state. When the supply and exhaust of the working air are repeated in a very short time, the diaphragm and the retainer do not move, and only the diaphragm expands and contracts, so that the clutch or the brake can be operated frequently.

[0023]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a clutch to which the present invention is applied will be described below . 4, 1 is mechanically attaching the clutch, 2 its shaft, 3 the body attached to the shaft 2, the diaphragm holder 5 having a cylinder 4 in a ring groove is screwed at one end, detent screw By 28
It is tightened immovably .

In the cylinder 4 of the diaphragm holder 5, a ring-shaped retainer (holding tool) 10 having grooves 7 and 8 at the center of the inner and outer circumferences and having an appropriate number of holes 9 around the side surface.
And an inflatable movable die having a C- shaped cross section made of rubber, synthetic rubber or synthetic resin elastic material provided with protrusions 11 and 12 fitted into inner and outer circumferential grooves 7 and 8 from the front surface of the retainer 10.
A projection 13 of the movable diaphragm 13.
1,12 and was integrated with the retainer 10 by fitting the grooves 7 and 8 of the retainer 10, which can slide axially fitted into the cylinder 4.

Further, the diaphragm holder 5, corresponding to the holes 9 of the retainer over <br/> na 10 provided compressed air supply port 6, attach the inlet fitting 14 of the air inlet to the supply port 6, gold instrument A joint tube 15 connected to the shaft 14 is connected to a compressed air passage 17 formed in the shaft 2 via a union joint 16 attached to the shaft 2. The compressed air passage 17 has a rotary joint 19 (supplying air to the rotating shaft) that can supply compressed air regardless of the rotation of the shaft 2 at the end of the shaft 2 which is suspended via a bearing 18. Rotary joint).

A pressure plate 20 is fitted around the main body 3 so that the entire surface thereof is in contact with the moving diaphragm 13, and when the air in the cylinder 4 is exhausted, the return spring 21 and the relief pin 22 loaded in the main body are connected to each other. As a result, the pressure plate 20, the movable diaphragm 13, and the retainer 10 return to their original positions.

[0027] The compressed air supply port 6 is is provided on the side surface of the diaphragm holder 5, and closes the face ring-shaped circumferential groove after the compressed air supply opening of the diaphragm holder 5,
An air supply path is provided in the circumferential groove in the radial direction through the side wall,
An outer end of the air supply passage may be connected to a compressed air supply source via an air inlet.

In FIG . 4, reference numeral 3a denotes a backup plate which supports an outer plate 24 and an inner plate 25 of a clutch mechanism alternately fitted around the main body 3, and 23 denotes a clutch drum.
The teeth of the clutch drum mesh with the teeth of the outer plate 24,
The teeth of the inner plate 25 are designed to mesh with the teeth provided around the main body 3. Further, the clutch drum 23 is rotatably provided on the shaft 2 via a bearing, and is integrally mounted with a driving body 27 such as a pulley, a gear or a sprocket rotatably mounted on the shaft 2 by a drum mounting screw 26. It is.

When compressed air for clutch operation (hereinafter referred to as air) is supplied from a shaft center through a compressed air supply port (air inlet) 6 to the inside of the movable diaphragm 13 by a rotary joint 19, the compressed air moves by air pressure. The diaphragm 13 expands and presses the outer plate 24 and the inner plate 25 together.

When the outer plate 24 is connected to the clutch drum 23 and the inner plate 25 is connected to the main body 3 and air is not supplied, a gap is formed between the outer plate 24 and the inner plate 25.
Although both are in a free state, when the surfaces are pressed against each other by air pressure, they are joined to transmit the rotational force.

When the shaft 2 is driven, the driving force is transmitted from the main body 3, the inner plate 25, the outer plate 24, and the clutch drum 23 to the driving body 27, and the driving body 2 is actuated by the clutch.
7 can be rotated and stopped.

[0032]

According to the present invention, the operation is extremely soft by independent expansion of the movable diaphragm or cooperative movement of the retainer and expansion by the above-described configuration. Therefore, the connection and disconnection of the drive mechanism with the drive system are achieved. Operation and torque can be finely controlled. Further, since the diaphragm is of a moving diaphragm type that moves together with the retainer, the operation amount of the actuator can be increased without any limitation. Therefore, when used in a clutch or the like, it is possible to cope with the wear of the clutch plate without adjustment, and to significantly increase the total work of the clutch. Furthermore, the operating speed is extremely fast.

Also, since it can be used without lubrication, has a long service life and is inexpensive, the maintenance is not troublesome.
An epoch-making actuator having many excellent features such as low cost can be provided. Further, the clutch and the brake incorporating the same have good responsiveness to an increase in the working gap (working amount) due to wear of the friction plate, and have extremely good performance. Further, the use of the diaphragm allows the air to flow around through the retainer, expands the diaphragm, increases the sealing effect, and has effects such as no air leakage.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example in which an actuator of the present invention is used for a drive mechanism.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory sectional view of a main part of the present invention.

FIG. 3 (A), (B), (C), (D), (E),
Each figure of (F) is an explanatory view showing an operating state of the actuator of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a clutch.

FIGS. 5 (a), (b), (c) and (d) are explanatory views showing each type of actuator used for a conventional clutch, brake and the like.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Machine for mounting clutch 2 Shaft 3 Main body 4 Cylinder 5 Diaphragm holder 6 Pressure fluid supply port (compressed air) 7, 8 Groove around 9 Hole 10 Retainer 11, 12 Projection 13 Moving diaphragm 14 Air inlet fitting 15 Joint tube 16 Union joint 17 Compressed air supply passage 18 Bearing 19 Rotary joint 20 Pressure plate 21 Return spring 22 Release pin 23 Clutch drum 24 Outer plate 25 Inner plate 26 Drum mounting screw 27 Pulley, gear, sprocket, etc.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A diaphragm holder having a U-shaped cross section.
The pressure plate slidably fitted inside the cylinder
Actuator, the side surface inside the cylinder
A retainer with a fluid hole is loosely fitted and the front of the retainer is
C-shaped moving diamond made of elastic material over the peripheral edge
The movable diaphragm is formed on the proximal end side of the moving diaphragm.
Into the groove formed on the peripheral edge of the retainer.
The movable diaphragm by the
Around the retainer of the moving diaphragm
Contact the part that fits into the inner wall of the cylinder,
From the fluid supply port drilled in the diaphragm holder
Fluid pressure causes the moving diaphragm to expand alone or
Mobile die that slides and expands integrally with the retainer
A diaphragm actuator. 2. The pressure plate is mounted on a main body on a driving side.
By friction coupling with drive system, return spring and fluid pressure release
For drive mechanism control that shuts off the drive system upon return
The moving diaphragm type actuator according to claim 1.