JP2808055B2 - Variable sound-absorbing chair in the hall - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a variable chair that is used for easily adjusting and changing reverberation time characteristics of a room in a concert hall, a theater, a movie theater or the like (hereinafter referred to as a hall). The present invention relates to a sound absorbing device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a multipurpose hall, a reverberation time is required to be longer at the time of a concert,
In the theater, it is general that the reverberation time is set to be short in order to ensure sound clarity.

For this reason, conventionally, as a building facility in a hall, there has been a large reverberation time variable device having a sound absorbing surface and a reflecting surface as shown in an example of FIG. Alternatively, the reflective surface and the sound absorbing surface are switched by electric power. However, there are cases where the required performance cannot be obtained as planned because of the construction in the restricted area range. In the figure, (a) is a sound absorbing surface provided with a curtain (31) on a wall surface, and the curtain (31) is opened to expose a rear reflecting wall. Rotating plate with sound absorbing surface (3
2) is provided, and the rotary plate (32) is switched by inverting the rotary plate (32), and (c) shows a configuration in which a similar rotary plate (33) is provided on the wall surface.

Further, in a hall, the chair itself in the seat does not have a sound absorbing variable function, and as shown in an example of FIG. 12, there is a difference in sound absorbing power between when a person is seated and when a person is not seated. It is designed to be as small as possible, and the chair is made of a material that naturally has high sound absorption. However, in reality, there is still a difference in sound absorption power.

[0005]

Problems to be Solved In the hall, there are few sound-absorbing points in portions other than the seat portion, and as shown in the example of FIG. 14, 30 to 50% of the sound absorbing power in the room is occupied by the seat portion. Further, as shown in the example of FIG. 12, the sound absorption in the middle and high range is larger than that in the low range due to the frequency characteristic, and the sound absorption in the middle and high range is larger in combination with the sound absorption of a person when seated. For this reason, as shown in the example of FIG. 15, the reverberation time in the low frequency range is increased.

As described above, in a hall used for multiple purposes, it is common to set a longer reverberation time during a concert and a shorter reverberation time during a play. However, acoustically, it is more important at the concert,
As shown in the examples of FIGS. 16 and 17, an acoustic reflector (35) is provided on the stage (34) to prevent sound from escaping to the upper part of the stage and the sleeve stage. The room volume is also small. However, at the time of drama, since the reflector is removed and the room volume increases, the reverberation time tends to increase. To prevent this, sound is absorbed by attaching a sound absorbing material (36) to the walls and ceiling in the stage. The characteristics are shown in FIG.
As shown in the example, when the sound is optimized at the time of a concert, the reverberation time is often excessive in the low range during a play.

As described above, the chair is an important part in the acoustic design in the hall, but the sound absorption characteristics vary depending on the number of shapes coming from the design, the installation method and the installation location in the hall. In many cases, the sound absorbing power of the chair itself is not clear. Further, even in the case of interior materials such as walls and ceilings, an air layer behind the members often causes an error with the sound absorption coefficient catalog data used at the time of design or a variation in data due to a construction error. Due to these errors, as shown in the example of FIG. 19, the calculated value at the time of design may not match the actually measured value at the time of completion, and this variation becomes larger in a lower tone range. Conventionally, in order to eliminate these inconsistencies, the reverberation time characteristic is adjusted by performing repair work for changing the sound absorbing area of the wall or ceiling. In addition, this is a factor for increasing the construction cost and lengthening the construction period.

[0008] On the other hand, a reverberation time varying device is conventionally used in order to cope with versatile applications.
This is a very large-scale facility as a building facility, and because it is installed in places where it can easily be seen, such as walls and ceilings, there are many design restrictions, and the required performance such as a variable amount of reverberation time in the low range. In some cases, they cannot be obtained. Furthermore, adding a variable reverberation time device at the time of renovation of a hall has a large burden on the installation space and the structure at present.

[0009] The present invention solves these conventional inconveniences and allows the sound absorption characteristics of the chair to be easily changed.
The sound absorption characteristics can be easily changed according to the performance of the hall, such as concerts that require a large amount of reverberation and theaters that need to reduce the reverberation. It is another object of the present invention to provide a variable sound absorbing device capable of easily absorbing an error in actual sound absorbing characteristics.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, first, in a chair in a hall for storing the seat by rotating the seat upward so that the front end of the seat protrudes upward, By providing a sound absorbing space that communicates with the outside through one or a plurality of openings inside the seat, the opening can be opened and closed, or the opening area or the depth of the opening is changed, so that the performance of the hall is improved. The acoustic characteristics of the low-frequency component and the medium-frequency component can be varied according to the above-mentioned conditions, and the change operation section of the opening is provided at the bottom of the seat.

[0011] Similarly, in the second invention of this application, in the above, one or a plurality of openings for communicating the sound absorbing space with the outside, and the opening or closing of the opening or the opening area or the depth of the opening are determined. A cartridge having a variable member to be changed is provided in a seat of a chair.

The variable sound absorbing device uses the principle of a Helmholtz resonator. As shown in FIG. 5, the frequency having the sound absorbing effect can be adjusted by the internal volume V, the sectional area S of the opening, the diameter d of the opening, and the depth t of the opening.
The sound absorption frequency f0 at this time is represented by the following equation.

[0013]

## EQU00001 ## Therefore, the frequency f0 having the sound absorbing effect can be adjusted by changing all or a part of the internal volume V, the sectional area S of the opening, the diameter d of the opening, and the depth t of the opening. Become. By preparing a cartridge type variable sound absorbing device (hereinafter referred to as a cartridge) adjusted to several kinds of frequencies and combining them, a chair having sound absorbing characteristics suitable for the hall to be installed can be realized. In addition, the sound absorption of the chair can be varied by variably controlling the opening and closing of the opening.

[0014]

[Function] To solve the problem, it is important to control the sound absorption power in the low range of the hall. That is, by making the sound absorption power in the low frequency range variable, it is possible to suppress excessive reverberation time, adjust the reverberation time characteristics at the time of completion, and change the reverberation time characteristics according to the intended use. Here, the chairs are arranged almost entirely on the floor of the passenger seat in the hall, and the variable sound absorption power in the low-tone range per one chair can sufficiently vary the sound absorption power at least for the whole chair. In addition, it is normal that the interior work will be final, and it is necessary to adjust the sound absorption power in the low range, etc. due to the variation between the measured value of the reverberation time etc. by the intermediate inspection before installing the chair and the predicted value at the time of design. In some cases, however, as an alternative to the repair work for increasing or decreasing the sound absorbing area, the sound absorbing power can be easily adjusted by making the indoor chair variable in sound absorption, and the reverberation time characteristics in the low range can be adjusted.

Here, considering the structure of the conventional chair in the hall, as shown in the examples of FIGS. 3 and 10, although there are some differences from an ergonomic standpoint, the dimensions of each part are within a certain range. In addition, there is generally a space between the cushion material above the seat and the lower bottom plate. In addition, since this portion is under the seat portion, the design is low. For this reason, a certain space that is not trapped by the design surface can be secured almost certainly, and a variable sound absorbing function of a chair can be realized by forming a sound absorbing space by incorporating a cartridge type variable sound absorbing device into this space. . Of course, in addition to this, it may be provided in other parts.

[0016]

1 and 2 show an embodiment of a cartridge according to the present invention.

The interior of the cartridge 1 which is formed in a box shape and has an interior as a sound absorbing space is divided into four by a partition plate 2, and a shaft holder 3 is provided at a crossing portion of the partition plate 2. A circular rotating plate 4 is attached so as to be rotatable around the center 3. The rotary plate 4 is provided with two types of openings 5, 5 for each of the divided portions. An opening 7 is opened in the bottom plate 6 of the cartridge, and the rotating knob 8 of the rotating plate 4 which is the operation unit of the present invention is operated from the outside, so that the rotating plate is opened by one of the two types of openings 5. It is possible to set a state where the opening 7 is opened and a state where the opening 7 is closed. Further, the opening 5,
The opening area of the opening 7 can be changed by partially matching the opening 5 with the opening 7 and adjusting the amount of matching.

In this embodiment, the inside of the cartridge 1
Although it is divided into two parts, a single space may be provided without such division, or it may be divided into other numbers. Further, the opening 5 can be not only two kinds but also a plurality of kinds or one or more, or an elongated hole having a changed opening width.

In FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the cartridge 1 is mounted on the back surface such that the bottom plate 6 becomes the bottom plate 6 of the chair seat 11. In this way, the chair 12 to which the cartridge 1 is attached is provided in all the seats in the hall,
Alternatively, it is possible to adjust and change the reverberation time characteristics in the hall by placing an interval every few or selecting and installing an appropriate position.

As shown by the solid line in FIG. 3, the seat 11 of the hole is in a state in which the front end thereof is protruded forward in the use state, and when stored, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. The adjustment knob 8 on the rear surface of the seat 11 faces the front in this stored state, with the front end protruding upward. Therefore, the operation can be performed without significantly changing the posture, and a large number of chairs can be adjusted in a short time before the performance. In addition, since the cartridge 1, that is, the sound absorbing portion is jumped up together with the seat portion 11, the cleaning operation of the floor under the chair can be performed as before.

FIG. 6 shows an example of a variable sound absorbing power pattern of a chair. By reducing the sound absorbing power in the low sound range of a general chair by using the cartridge 1, the sound absorbing power of the low sound range is reduced until the frequency characteristic becomes flat. This is an example that can be changed.
The reverberation time characteristic in the hall can be changed as shown in FIG. 7 by installing the chair 12 with the cartridge 1 attached in the hall, and the reverberation time characteristic in the low range is slightly longer in a concert, and flat in a play. Characteristics, and thus, it is possible to obtain reverberation time characteristics suitable for the contents of entertainment.

FIGS. 8 and 9 show an example in which the opening and closing of the opening is controlled by a sliding type opening and closing plate. That is, a plate-like slide plate 14 having an opening 5 is attached to the back surface of a cover plate 13 having an opening 7, and one end of the slide plate 14 is made to protrude from the cartridge 1. By operating and sliding the unit 15, the opening area of the opening 7 is continuously changed from the state where the opening 7 in FIG. 8 is opened to the state where the opening 7 is closed in FIG.

As described above, in addition to the change by opening and closing the opening 7 or changing the opening area, the opening 7 can be realized by changing the depth of the opening 7. For example, a cylinder is slidably inserted into the opening 7. It is conceivable to change the depth.

Further, the cartridge 1 includes not only the seat portion 11 of the chair 12 but also a back portion 15 and an armrest portion 16, or the lower portion of the back portion 15 and the seat portion 11, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. It can be attached to other places, and may be attached to one or more of those parts at the same time.

In the above, the sectional area of the opening 7,
By changing the diameter, the depth, the size of the cartridge 1 and the like, it is possible to manufacture various cartridge-type variable sound absorbing devices 1 having different adjustment ranges of the sound absorbing characteristics, and to keep the outer dimensions of the cartridges 1 constant. As a result, the cartridge 1 having any sound absorbing frequency can be attached, and the cartridge 1 can be attached to any chair 12. For this reason, various cartridges 1 can be combined, the cartridge 1 can be easily replaced at the time of adjustment, and free adjustment can be performed at the time of adjusting the reverberation time characteristics at the time of completion. In this case, various types of cartridges 1 other than a box-shaped cartridge as shown in the figure can be considered. For example, a cartridge 1 consisting of only the bottom plate 6 and the rotating plate 4 is exchanged and mounted in a concave sound absorbing space provided in a chair or the like. It is also possible. Further, it is possible to easily cope with the variation of the reverberation time characteristic depending on the type of entertainment by opening and closing the opening 7 and selecting the amount of the opening area. In a small hall or the like, the rotary knob 8 can be adjusted in a relatively short time by sequentially operating the rotary knob 8 as described above. However, if necessary, the rotary plate of each row can be adjusted collectively for each row in the horizontal direction. 4 or the slide plate 14 can be efficiently adjusted by connecting or electrically controlling the slide plate 14.

On the other hand, in a large hall or the like, the rotating plate 4
Alternatively, the opening and closing of the slide plate 14 is made to be electric or electromagnetic by a motor or the like, and as shown in the example of FIG. 11, opening and closing control is performed via a controller 18 and a control line 21 from an operation panel 22 installed in a sound adjustment room 19. By automation, the opening / closing pattern for each entertainment can be easily set. In the figure, reference numeral 20 denotes a display panel. Such control can be performed simultaneously even when provided on the inner wall.

[0027]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

[0028] The chair according to the present invention is installed for the excessive reverberation time in the low frequency range due to the low sound absorption power in the low frequency range in the hall and the excessive reverberation time in the low frequency range in the play in the multipurpose hall. Can be increased, and excessive reverberation time in the hall can be suppressed.

In the hall, the installation of the chair is the last, and in the case of an intermediate sound inspection before the installation of the chair, if it deviates from the original design reverberation time characteristic, the cartridge type variable sound absorber having a different sound absorption characteristic according to it. By selecting, there is an advantage that the deviation can be corrected, and finally, the adjustment of the opening can completely absorb the error.

In particular, according to the present invention, the sound absorbing power of the chair can be made variable by opening and closing the opening or changing the opening area and the like. It is possible to set an optimum reverberation time characteristic in the hall according to the entertainment.

On the other hand, when renovating an existing hall,
By installing the chair according to the present invention, it is possible to change the reverberation time characteristics in the room without any architectural change.

In addition, the sound absorbing space is formed in the seat of the flip-up chair, and an operation unit for changing the opening area of the opening is provided on the back of the seat. At the time of storage, the operation unit is located in front of the chair, so that even when operated manually, the sound absorption characteristics can be adjusted quickly before the start without greatly changing the posture. Therefore, even when adjusting the front part or most of the chairs in the hall, the adjustment does not require a long time.

In addition, since the seat usually has a space in the interior from the beginning, by using this space to form a sound-absorbing space, it is not necessary to make the device protrude greatly outward, so the chair itself The chair does not become large, the packing material used for shipping the chair can be used as it is, and the transportation cost can be the same or slightly increased as compared with the conventional case.

Since the projection does not greatly protrude from the seat as described above, the cleaning operation of the lower side of the chair can be performed as before.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the cartridge.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a chair to which a cartridge is attached.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a main part of a chair row to which the cartridge is attached.

FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory view showing the principle of a sound absorbing mechanism.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing a variable range of a sound absorption characteristic.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing a variable range of reverberation time characteristics.

FIG. 8 is a drawing of a cartridge showing another embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) shows a longitudinal section and (b) shows a plan view.

FIG. 9 is a view showing a state where the opening is closed from the state of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a side view showing another attachment state of the cartridge to the chair.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a control method of the variable sound absorbing device attached to the chair.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing the sound absorption characteristics of a chair when seated and not seated.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view of a hole side wall showing an example of a conventional device.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing the ratio of the sound absorbing power of the customer seats in various halls.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing changes in reverberation time characteristics with respect to the frequency of a hall.

FIG. 16 is a plan view of the inside of a hall where an acoustic reflector is installed on the stage.

FIG. 17 is a side view of the same hole.

FIG. 18 is a graph showing a difference in reverberation time characteristics between a concert and a play.

FIG. 19 is a graph showing the variance of the actually measured value with respect to the design value of the reverberation time.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cartridge 4 Rotating plate 5 Opening 7 Opening 11 Seat 12 Chair 14 Slide plate 15 Back 16 Armrest

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoshito Kobayashi No. 2 Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Tobishima Construction Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-61-172194 (JP, A) JP-A-62-172914 (JP, A) JP-A 3-71005 (JP, U) JP-A 61-42598 (JP, U) JP-A 60-184100 (JP, U)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. The seat has a front end protruding upward.
The chair in the hall where the seat is rotated upward and stored
Through one or more openings inside the seat
Providing a sound-absorbing space that communicates with the
Or change the opening area or opening depth
This allows low frequency components and
And variable acoustic characteristics in the middle frequency component
In both cases, the above-mentioned change operation part of the opening is provided at the bottom of the seat
A variable sound-absorbing chair in a hall characterized by the following. 2. A one-way communication device for communicating a sound absorbing space with the outside.
Is a plurality of openings and the opening and closing of the openings or the opening surface
A variable member for changing the product or the depth of the opening.
A cartridge with a cartridge installed in the seat of the chair.
The variable sound-absorbing chair in the hall of claim 1.