JP2795224B2 - Coolant - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a refrigerant.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as working fluids or refrigerants, chlorofluorohydrocarbons, fluorohydrocarbons, azeotropic compositions thereof, and compositions having compositions near the same have been known. Of these, R-11 (trichlorofluoromethane) and R-22 are currently used as working fluids for refrigerators.
(Dichlorofluoromethane) and the like are mainly used. However, in recent years, certain chlorofluorohydrocarbons that contain no or low hydrogen content when released into the atmosphere have destroyed the ozone layer in the stratosphere, and as a result, are critical to the global ecosystem, including humans. It is pointed out that it has a serious adverse effect. Therefore, the use and production of chlorofluorohydrocarbons, which have a high possibility of depleting the ozone layer, have been restricted by international agreements.
As the above-mentioned hydrogen-free chlorofluorohydrocarbons to be restricted, R-1 is widely used as described above.
1, R-22 and the like. Restrictions on the use and production of these refrigerants, whose demands are increasing year after year due to the spread of refrigeration and air conditioning systems, have a great effect on current social organizations, including the living environment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new refrigerant that has no or very low risk of causing ozone depletion.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present inventor has obtained a new refrigerant which has excellent characteristics for refrigerators and which has no effect on the ozone layer even when released into the atmosphere. To this end, various studies have been made. As a result, they have found that excellent results can be obtained by using a refrigerant containing a specific three-component fluorinated hydrocarbon as an essential component.

That is, the present invention provides the following refrigerant.

Item 1. A refrigerant having HFC32, HFC134a and HFC143a as essential components and having the following ratio (however, HFC32 is 1 to 45% by weight, HFC134
a except for a refrigerant in which a is 30 to 80% by weight and HFC143a is 0 to 70% by weight) (hereinafter, referred to as a first refrigerant).

Item 2. HFC32, HFC125 and H
A refrigerant containing FC143a as an essential component (hereinafter, referred to as a second refrigerant).

Item 3. HFC134a, HFC143a
And a refrigerant containing HFC152a as an essential component (hereinafter referred to as the third
Refrigerant).

Item 4. A refrigerant containing HFC32, HFC134a, and HFC152a as essential components (hereinafter, referred to as a fourth refrigerant).

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The boiling point of HFC used in the present invention is shown in Table 1 below.

[0010] The mixing ratio of each component of the refrigerant three components as essential components of the present invention is not particularly limited, an appropriate suitable ratio by those skilled in the art from the ternary diagram of FIG. 4 to 6 and 8 Can be determined.

The composition ratio of the constituents of the refrigerant of the present invention is more preferably in the range of a nonflammable or flame-retardant composition.

The refrigerant used in the present invention may optionally contain a stabilizer. That is, when a high degree of stability is required under severe use conditions, propylene oxide, 1,2-butylene oxide,
Epoxides such as glycidol; phosphites such as dimethyl phosphite, diisopropyl phosphite, diphenyl phosphite; thiophosphites such as trilauryl trithiophosphite; boric acid, triethyl borate, triphenyl borate, phenyl boronic acid Boron compounds; phenols such as 2,6-di-tert-butylparacresol; nitroalkanes such as nitromethane and nitroethane; acrylates such as methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate; other dioxane, tert. Butanol; Stabilizers such as pentaerythritol and paraisopropenyl toluene can be added in an amount of about 0.01 to 5% by weight of the working fluid.

Further, other compounds can be mixed with the refrigerant within a range that does not impair the objects and effects of the present invention. Examples of such a compound include ethers such as dimethyl ether and pentafluorodimethyl ether; amines such as perfluoroethylamine; LPG;

[0014]

The refrigerant according to the present invention is easily decomposable,
Since it does not contain chlorine and bromine atoms that affect the ozone layer, there is no danger of causing ozone layer destruction problems.

Further, the refrigerant according to the present invention comprises
There is a balance in performance such as cooling capacity, coefficient of performance, and discharge gas temperature.

Further, since the refrigerant according to the present invention has low solubility in high molecular compounds, it can be used as it is without changing materials in existing refrigerators.

Further, the refrigerant according to the present invention has excellent thermal stability and is nonflammable or nonflammable, so that it can be used as it is in a normal refrigerator.

[0018]

EXAMPLES Reference Examples and Examples are shown below to further clarify the features of the present invention.

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 1 In a one-horsepower refrigerator using a ternary mixed refrigerant shown as a triangular chart in FIG. 1 as a refrigerant, the refrigerant is evaporated at a temperature of 0 ° C., a condensation temperature is set at 50 ° C., and heating is performed. The operation was performed at a temperature of 5 ° C. and a degree of supercooling of the condenser of 0 ° C.

In FIG. 1, upper and lower two sets of numerical values are:
The upper row shows the coefficient of performance, and the lower row shows the refrigerating capacity (kcal / m
² ) is shown.

Further, in FIG. 1, the mixture composition in the range above the broken line exhibits nonflammability.

As a reference, H which is currently widely used
The coefficient of performance of CFC22 under the same conditions as above is 4.1.
3, and the refrigerating capacity is 716 kcal / m ² .

Reference Example 2 A refrigerator was operated in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 except that a ternary mixed refrigerant shown in a triangular chart in FIG. 2 was used as a refrigerant. The results are as shown in FIG.

[0024] except that <br/> using ternary mixture refrigerant shown as triangular diagram in FIG. 3 as a reference example 3 refrigerant was operated of the refrigerator in the same manner as in Reference Example 1. The results are as shown in FIG.

Example 1 A refrigerator was operated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a ternary mixed refrigerant (fourth refrigerant) shown as a triangular chart in FIG. 4 was used as the refrigerant. The results are as shown in FIG.

Example 2 A refrigerator was operated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a ternary mixed refrigerant (first refrigerant) shown in a triangular chart in FIG. 5 was used as the refrigerant. The results are as shown in FIG.

Example 3 A refrigerator was operated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a ternary mixed refrigerant (third refrigerant) shown in a triangular chart in FIG. 6 was used as the refrigerant. The results are as shown in FIG.

Reference Example 4 A refrigerator was operated in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 except that a ternary mixed refrigerant shown in a triangular chart in FIG. 7 was used as a refrigerant. The results are as shown in FIG.

Example 4 A refrigerator was operated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a ternary mixed refrigerant (second refrigerant) shown as a triangular chart in FIG. 8 was used as the refrigerant. The results are as shown in FIG.

Reference Example 5 A refrigerator was operated in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 except that a ternary mixed refrigerant shown in a triangular chart in FIG. 9 was used as a refrigerant. The results are as shown in FIG.

Reference Example 6 A refrigerator was operated in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 except that a ternary mixed refrigerant shown in a triangular chart in FIG. 10 was used as a refrigerant. The results are as shown in FIG.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a triangular chart showing a relationship between a refrigerant mixture composition, a coefficient of performance, and a refrigeration capacity of a reference example.

FIG. 2 is a triangular chart showing a relationship between a mixture composition of a refrigerant, a coefficient of performance, and a refrigeration capacity of a reference example.

FIG. 3 is a triangular chart showing a relationship between a mixed composition of a refrigerant, a coefficient of performance, and a refrigeration capacity of a reference example .

FIG. 4 is a triangular chart showing the relationship between the mixed composition of the refrigerant of the present invention, the coefficient of performance, and the refrigerating capacity.

FIG. 5 is a triangular chart showing the relationship between the mixed composition of the refrigerant of the present invention and the coefficient of performance and the refrigerating capacity.

FIG. 6 is a triangular chart showing the relationship between the mixed composition of the refrigerant of the present invention, the coefficient of performance, and the refrigerating capacity.

FIG. 7 is a triangular chart showing the relationship between the mixture composition of the refrigerant and the coefficient of performance and the refrigerating capacity of the reference example.

FIG. 8 is a triangular chart showing the relationship between the mixture composition of the refrigerant of the present invention, the coefficient of performance, and the refrigerating capacity.

FIG. 9 is a triangular chart showing the relationship between the mixture composition of the refrigerant and the coefficient of performance and the refrigerating capacity of the reference example.

FIG. 10 is a triangular chart showing the relationship between the mixture composition of the refrigerant and the coefficient of performance and the refrigerating capacity of the reference example.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hiroshi Momoda 1-1, Nishiichitsuya, Settsu City Daikin Industries, Ltd. Yodogawa Works (56) References JP-A 64-1787 (JP, A) JP-A-1- 108291 (JP, A) JP-A-1-92286 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) C09K 5/04 F25B 1/00 CA (STN) WPI / L (QUESTEL) )

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. HFC32, HFC134a and HFC1
43a as an essential component (however, HFC32 is 1 to
45% by weight, 30 to 80% by weight of HFC134a and H
Excluding refrigerants in which FC 143a is 0-70% by weight). 2. HFC32, HFC125 and HFC14.
A refrigerant containing 3a as an essential component. 3. HFC134a, HFC143a and HF
A refrigerant containing C152a as an essential component. 4. HFC32, HFC134a and HFC1
A refrigerant containing 52a as an essential component.