JP2790758B2 - Turret type machine tool - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a turret type machine tool having a multi-axis spindle head, and more particularly to a turret type machine tool suitable for machining with a small machining load.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional turret type machine tool of this type, the one shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-238240 is known. As shown in FIG. 6, the turret type machine tool a is provided with a turret head b which can move forward and backward toward the workpiece W. The turret head b has a multi-axis spindle head c provided in a predetermined direction in the index rotation direction. Are arranged at intervals of. A predetermined machining tool f is exchangeably provided at the tip of the spindle shaft d of the multi-axis spindle head c via a tool holder e, and a spindle gear g is provided at the rear end. A driven gear h provided substantially at the center on the rear end side of the multi-axis spindle head c meshes with the spindle gear g via a gear train i.

The driven gear h and the gear train i have ends (left ends) of the gear shafts j and k separated from the turret head b.
Is rotatably supported by a multi-axis spindle head c via a bearing m, and an end on the turret head b side (right end)
Is rotatably supported via a bearing o on a back plate n provided on the back side of the multi-axis spindle head c to form a support structure at both ends.

The driven gear h of the multi-axis spindle head c indexed and positioned meshes with and disengages from a drive gear p movably provided in the turret head b in the axial direction. Thus, a kind of clutch mechanism is constituted, and the power on the driving side is transmitted to and cut off from the spindle shaft d, and eventually to the machining tool f.

In the turret type machine tool a having the above-described configuration, when a predetermined multi-axis spindle head c is indexed and positioned at a processing position, the turret head b advances toward the work W and the drive gear p Move forward and mesh with the driven gear h to transmit the power on the driving side to the processing tool f, whereby the processing of the workpiece W by the processing tool f is performed. After the machining, the turret head b is retracted, and the machining tool f is separated from the workpiece W.

In the turret type machine tool a having the above structure, a back plate n is provided on the back side of the multi-axis spindle head c to support both ends of the driven gear h and the gear shafts j and k of the gear train i. The two-sided support structure in this way is
When machining the workpiece W, in order to smoothly receive the machining load acting on the gear train i and the driven gear j via the machining tool f, the spindle shaft d and the spindle gear g, and to smoothly transmit the power on the driving side to the machining tool f. It is. However, when the back plate n is provided on the back side of the multi-axis spindle head c as described above, when the multi-axis spindle head c is mounted on the turret head b, it must be mounted via the back plate n. The mounting error of the multi-axis spindle head c is likely to occur, and the maintenance of the gear train i and the like is inconvenient if the back plate n is present. Further, since the back plate n needs to be formed thick to receive the processing load described above, the weight of the machine is increased, and the back plate n is provided with a plurality of high-precision mounting holes for mounting the bearings o. Because of the necessity of formation, various inconveniences such as an increase in manufacturing cost occur.

[0007] By the way, various kinds of processing are performed on the work W by the processing tool f attached to the tool holder e. Of these, the most frequent processing is drilling,
Reaming or tapping. In this case, the drill W, the reamer, and the tapping tool are selectively attached to the tool holder e according to the type of the above-described processing to perform the processing on the workpiece W, but the processing load at this time is relatively small.

Here, the inventor of the present invention simply supports the gear trains k and j of the gear train i and the driven gear h on the side of the multi-axis spindle head c when working with a small working load. It was found that the above-mentioned processing load could be sufficiently received, and the finding that the back plate n could be made unnecessary.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made on the basis of the above-described knowledge, and it is possible to accurately attach a multi-axis spindle head to a turret head and to easily perform maintenance of a gear train and the like. Can be
Further, it is another object of the present invention to provide a turret-type machine tool capable of reducing the weight of the machine and reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a turret head capable of moving back and forth toward a work and a plurality of turret heads arranged at predetermined intervals in an indexing rotation direction of the turret head. A shaft spindle head, a machining tool provided at the tip of the spindle shaft of the multi-axis spindle head, a spindle gear provided at the rear end of the spindle shaft, and meshed with the spindle gear via a gear train. wherein the driven gear provided on the multi-axis spindle head, the turret-type machine tool that includes a drive gear that is eclipsed set in the turret head for meshed with the driven gear of the indexing the positioned the multiaxial spindle head so, Each of the gear train and the driven gear
The end of the gear shaft away from the turret head is
The multi-axis spindle head is fixed to the multi-axis spindle head.
The gear train and the drill.
At the end on the turret head side of each gear shaft of the bun gear
The gear and the driven gear are rotatably mounted, respectively.
And the inside of the spindle head and the turret head
And the drive gear is driven
It is provided so as to be able to advance and retreat so as to directly mesh with and disengage from the gear .

[0011]

[0012]

According to the turret type machine tool of the present invention, the gears and driven gears of the gear train are provided on the gear shaft which is cantilevered by the multi-axis spindle head. For this reason, the back plate which supports the end on the turret head side of each gear shaft of the gear train and the driven gear, which is conventionally required, can be eliminated.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a turret type machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, with a part cut away, FIG. 2 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the inside of a turret head, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line VV in FIG.

First, the overall configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. Reference numeral 1 denotes a turret type machine tool, which can slide on a guide rail 3 on a machine base 2. A slide table 4 fitted into the slide table 4, a ball screw feed mechanism 5 provided at a lower rear end of the slide table 4 for sliding the slide table 4, and an indexing rotation axis XX at an upper end of the slide table 4. A turret head 6 fitted to be tiltable to the left and indexably rotatable; a plurality of multi-axis spindle heads 7 arranged at predetermined intervals in the indexing rotation direction of the turret head 6; and a spindle of the multi-axis spindle head 7 A drive shaft 10 that transmits power to the shafts 8a and 8b via a gear train 9 and oil mist air M of a predetermined pressure is supplied into the turret head 6. Shaft 10, the gear train 9 and the spindle shaft 8 from the lubricating and outside such as the spindle shaft 8a, 8b
Oil mist air supply means 11 for preventing impurities such as cutting fluid and dust from entering the insertion gaps a and 8b.

The slide table 4 is formed in a hollow shape and has an inclined surface 1 at its upper end which rises obliquely upward to the right and inclines.
A turret head mounting portion 13 having a substantially cylindrical shape having a groove 2 is provided, and an annular groove 14 is formed in the inclined surface 12.

The turret head 6 has a hollow conical shape with a flat surface formed at the top, and a ring gear 15 is fixed to the bottom thereof with a screw concentrically with the indexing rotation axis XX. The ring gear 15 is rotatably supported on the inner peripheral portion of the annular groove 14 via a bearing 16.
In the supported state, the inside of the turret head 6 and the inside of the slide table 4 communicate with each other to form a space A. The ring gear 15 is meshed with a drive gear of an indexing drive (not shown). When the indexing drive is driven, the rotation of the drive gear is transmitted to the ring gear 15 and the turret head 6 is rotated. Is the index rotation axis X
The index turning is performed around -X.

The multi-axis spindle head 7 has a head body 18 made of aluminum and attached to a plurality of openings 17 formed at equal intervals in the indexing rotation direction of the peripheral wall of the turret head 6.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, two spindle shafts 8a and 8b are inserted into the head main body 18 so as to be vertically separated from each other. Here, the insertion gap of the spindle shaft 8a (8b) communicates with the outside, and this insertion gap communicates with the space A via the opening 17. Also, both ends of the spindle shaft 8a (8b) are rotatably supported via bearings 19a and 19b, and a reaming tool 20 (21) is replaceable at the tip end via a holder 22 (23). It is attached to. The rear end of the spindle shaft 8a (8b) protrudes into a recess 24 formed at a position facing the opening 17 on the rear end surface of the head body 18, and the protruding end has a spindle gear 25
(26) is provided.

In FIG. 3, a gear shaft 27 is provided below a spindle gear 25 provided at the rear end of the spindle shaft 8a.
Is arranged in parallel with the spindle shaft 8a (8b). The end (left end) of the gear shaft 27 which is separated from the turret head 6 is screwed and fixed to the bottom surface of the concave portion 24 and cantilevered by the head main body 18. Supported. on the other hand,
At the end (right end) of the gear shaft 27 on the turret head 6 side, an idle gear 28 and a driven gear 29 integrally formed in two rows in order to improve support rigidity are spaced apart from each other in the left-right direction. 30 and 3
1 so as to be rotatable. In the fitted state, the idle gear 28 and the driven gear 29
Abuts against a flange portion F formed at an intermediate portion and a right end portion of the gear shaft 27 to prevent the gear shaft 27 from coming off. The idle gear 28 is engaged with the spindle gear 25, and the driven gear 29 is connected to the opening 17 of the turret head 6.
And a drive gear 42 to be described later engages and disengages.

Between the gear shaft 27 and a spindle gear 26 provided at the rear end of the spindle shaft 8b, a gear shaft 32,
33 are arranged in parallel with each other in the vertical direction,
The ends of the gear shafts 32 and 33 that are separated from the turret head 6 are screwed and fixed to the bottom surface of the concave portion 24 and are cantilevered by the head body 18, similarly to the gear shaft 27. Idling gears 34 and 35 are rotatably fitted to the ends of the gear shafts 32 and 33 on the turret head 6 side via needle bearings 36 and 37, respectively. Meshes with the idle gear 28 and the idle gear 35
Are meshed with the idle gear 34 and the spindle gear 26. As a result, the driven gear 29 is connected to the spindle gear 25 via the idle gear 28 and the idle gear 2
It engages with the spindle gear 26 via 8, 34, 35, respectively.

The drive shaft 10 has a space A as shown in FIG.
A horizontally long cylindrical rotating shaft 36 horizontally disposed within
have. The left end of the rotating shaft 36 is the driven gear 2
9 and is rotatably supported by a bracket 37 fixed to the inclined surface 12 of the slide table 4 by screws at this position via a bearing 38. on the other hand,
The right end of the rotating shaft 36 is rotatably supported via a bearing 39 on a vertically long side wall (right side wall) of the turret head mounting portion 13. In the supported state, the motor shaft 41 of the drive motor 40 is connected to the right end of the rotation shaft 36, so that when the drive motor 40 is driven, the rotation shaft 36 rotates. ing.

A gear shaft 43 of a drive gear 42, which meshes with and disengages from the driven gear 29 by moving in the axial direction, is slidably inserted into the left end of the rotating shaft 36 and is integrally rotatable with the rotating shaft 36. Are located. Gear shaft 4
A through hole 44 penetrating from one side to the other side is formed in the outer peripheral surface at the right end of the rotary shaft 3.
6 are communicated with elongated holes 45a and 45b formed on the outer peripheral surface of the substantially central portion at a distance of 180 ° from each other in the circumferential direction. Also,
A short cylindrical tubular member 46 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of a substantially central portion of the rotating shaft 36.
Are slidably fitted in the axial direction. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 47 denotes a spring for urging the gear shaft 43 to the left (toward the driven gear 29).

A through hole 48 is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the left end of the cylindrical member 46.
a and 48b are formed 180 ° apart from each other in the circumferential direction, and the through hole 48a (48b) is formed in the elongated hole 45a (45
b) and, consequently, communicate with the through hole 44. Through hole 48
A connecting pin 49 is inserted from a, and the connecting pin 49 reaches the through hole 48b through the long hole 45a, the through hole 44, and the long hole 45b. Thereby, the cylindrical member 46,
The rotating shaft 36 and the gear shaft 43 are integrally connected, and
The rotation of the rotation shaft 36 causes the cylindrical member 46 and the gear shaft 43 to rotate integrally with the rotation shaft 36. In the connected state, the connecting pin 49 is connected to the elongated holes 45a and 45b.
Can be moved in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 36, whereby the gear shaft 43 can be slid in the same direction integrally with the cylindrical member 46. Then, the integrated sliding movement of the gear shaft 43 and the cylindrical member 46 is performed by the shift mechanism 50.
Done by

The shift mechanism 50 has a link member 51 disposed below the cylindrical member 46. As shown in FIG. 5, both ends of the link member 51 are fixed to both side walls of the slide table 4. The cylindrical member 46 is
Are supported so as to be able to swing in the axial direction. Link member 51
Is rotatably connected to a piston rod 54 of a cylinder 53 disposed at the lower rear end of the slide table 4, so that when the cylinder 53 is driven to expand and contract the piston rod 54, a link is formed. Member 51
Swing about the support shaft 52 as a fulcrum.

On the other hand, the upper end of the link member 51 is branched into two to form arms 55a and 55b, and the arms 55a and 55b are opposed to each other with the right end of the tubular member 46 interposed therebetween. Have been. A bolt 56 is screwed from the outer wall surface of the arm portion 55a (55b), and its tip projects from the inner wall surface. The protruding end is inserted into an annular concave portion 57 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the right end portion of the cylindrical member 46. ing. In the inserted state, the tip of the bolt 56 is in the annular recess 5.
7 is not in contact with the bottom.

When the piston rod 54 of the cylinder 53 is extended in this state, the upper end of the link member 51 swings rightward in FIG. , Whereby the cylindrical member 46 and the gear shaft 43 slide integrally in the same direction against the urging force of the spring 47, and the drive gear 4
2 is separated from the driven gear 29.

Conversely, when the piston rod 54 of the cylinder 53 is contracted, the upper end of the link member 51 is held in a state where the distal end portion of the bolt 56 contacts the right side wall of the cylindrical member 46 while receiving the urging force of the spring 47. The portion swings leftward and the cylinder member 46 and the gear shaft 43 slide together in the same direction, whereby the drive gear 42
And the rotational power of the drive shaft 10 is transmitted. At this time, the tip of the bolt 56 is located substantially at the center of the annular concave portion 57 and is not in contact with the left and right side walls, thereby allowing the cylindrical member 46, the rotating shaft 36 and the gear shaft 43 to integrally rotate. doing.

The oil mist air supply means 11 has a supply pipe 59 having one end connected to a through hole 58 formed through the right side wall of the turret head mounting portion 13 to the space A. The other end of 59 is connected to an oil mist air supply device (not shown).

In the space A, oil of a constant pressure (in this embodiment, 0.3 kg / cm ² at a pressure slightly higher than the atmospheric pressure) is supplied from an oil mist air supply device via a supply pipe 59. Mist air M is supplied. At this time, as described above, since the space A communicates with the outside through the opening 17 and the insertion gap between the spindle shafts 8a and 8b, the oil mist air M supplied into the space A is released. , And blows out through the insertion gap between the spindle shafts 8a and 8b, whereby the reamer tool 20 (21)
Impurities such as cutting fluid and dust adhered to the spindle shaft 8
a, (8b) can be prevented from entering the insertion gap, and the lubrication between the rotating part of the rotating shaft 36 and the sliding part of the gear shaft 43 in the space A, the lubrication of the shift mechanism 50, and the drive gear 42 , Driven gear 29, spindle gears 25, 26
, Lubrication of the gear train 9 composed of the idle gears 28, 34, 35 and lubrication of the rotating parts of the spindle shafts 8a, 8b can be performed satisfactorily.

The turret type machine tool 1 having the above-described configuration is configured such that the drive gear 4 is attached to the driven gear 29 of the multi-axis spindle head 7 indexed to the processing position of the work W.
2 engages and disengages, the rotational power of the drive shaft 10 is transmitted from the drive gear 42 to the reamer tool 20 via the driven gear 29, the idle gear 28, the spindle gear 25 and the spindle shaft 8a, and from the idle gear 28 to the idle gears 34, 35, Spindle gear 26 and spindle shaft 8
The transmission and cutoff are performed to the reamer tool 21 via b.
The rotation power of the drive shaft 10 is applied to each of the reamer tools 20 and 21.
, The slide table 4 is horizontally moved toward the work W by the ball screw feed mechanism 5, and the work W is processed by each of the reamer tools 20, 21.

When machining, the reaming tool 20,
21, spindle shafts 8a and 8b and spindle gear 2
The machining load acts on the idle gears 28, 34, 35 and the driven gear 29 via the gears 5 and 26. However, since the machining load is relatively small in machining with the reamer tools 20 and 21 as in this embodiment, the gear shaft 27 is used. , 32 and 33 are sufficiently received.

In the turret type machine tool 1 having the above configuration, the idle gears 28, 34, 35 and the driven gear 2
9, each of the gear shafts 27, 32, and 33 is fixed at its end, which is separated from the turret head 6, by screwing it into the bottom surface of the concave portion 24 and cantilevered by the head body 18.
The idle gear 28, the driven gear 29, the idle gear 32, and the idle gear 33 are rotatably fitted to the turret head 6 side ends of the gears 7, 32, and 33, respectively.
Therefore, each gear shaft 27 of the idle gear 28, the idle gears 34 and 35,
A back plate for supporting the ends of the turret head 6 on the turret head 6 side becomes unnecessary. For this reason, when attaching the multi-axis spindle head 7 to the turret head 6, the multi-axis spindle head 7 can be directly attached to the turret head 6, as compared with the conventional case where the multi-axis spindle head 7 is attached via the back plate. The mounting accuracy of the multi-axis spindle head 7 to the turret head 6 can be improved.

Further, since the multi-axis spindle head 7 is directly mounted on the turret head 6, the turret head 6 and the multi-axis spindle head 7 are integrated as compared with the conventional case where the multi-axis spindle head 7 is mounted via a back plate. The connection rigidity can be improved.

Further, even during the maintenance of the gear train 9 and the like, the work of removing the back plate and the like can be omitted, so that the work is simplified.

Further, the weight of the machine can be reduced by the weight of the back plate. In addition, as in the prior art, the back of the turret head side of the turret head is attached to a bearing for rotatably supporting the turret head. Since it is not necessary to form a plurality of high-precision mounting holes in the plate, the manufacturing cost can be kept low.

[0036]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the turret type machine tool of the present invention, the gears of the gear train and the driven gears are provided on the gear shaft which is cantilevered by the multi-axis spindle head. . Therefore, the back plate for supporting the turret head side end of each gear shaft of the gear train and the driven gear, which is conventionally required, can be eliminated.
For this reason, when attaching the multi-axis spindle head to the turret head, the multi-axis spindle head can be directly attached to the turret head. The mounting accuracy of the shaft spindle head can be improved.

Further, since the multi-axis spindle head can be directly mounted on the turret head, the rigidity of the turret head and the multi-axis spindle head can be integrally connected as compared with the conventional case where the multi-axis spindle head is mounted via the back plate. Can be improved.

Further, even during the maintenance of the gear train or the like, the operation of removing the back plate and the like can be omitted, thereby simplifying the work.

Further, it is possible to reduce the weight of the machine by the weight of the back plate, and to mount a bearing for rotatably supporting the end of the gear shaft on the turret head side as in the conventional case. Since it is not necessary to form a plurality of high-precision mounting holes in the plate, the manufacturing cost can be kept low.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a turret type machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, with a portion cut away.

FIG. 2 is a detailed sectional view of the inside of the turret head.

FIG. 3 is a detailed sectional view of a multi-axis spindle head.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a main part of a multi-axis spindle head of a conventional turret type machine tool.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Turret type machine tool, 6 ... Turret head, 7 ... Multi-axis spindle head, 8a, 8b ... Spindle axis, 2
0,21 ... reaming tool, 25,26 ... spindle gear,
27, 32, 33 ... gear shaft, 9 (28, 34, 35) ...
Gear train, 29: driven gear, 42: drive gear

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B23B 47/30 B23B 39/20 B23B 39/16 B23B 29/24 B23Q 5/04 510-520

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A turret head that can move forward and backward toward a workpiece, a multi-axis spindle head that is arranged at a plurality of intervals at a predetermined interval in an indexing rotation direction of the turret head, and a tip end of a spindle shaft of the multi-axis spindle head. A spindle tool provided at a rear end of the spindle shaft; a driven gear provided at the multi-axis spindle head for meshing with the spindle gear via a gear train; In the turret head meshing with the driven gear of the multi-axis spindle head
In the turret-type machine tool that includes a drive gear that is kicked set in, the sauce of each gear shaft of the gear train and the driven gear
The end away from the head is connected to the multi-axis spindle.
Fixed to the head and cantilevered by the multi-axis spindle head.
And each gear of the gear train and the driven gear
The end of the shaft on the turret head side has the gear
And the driven gear is rotatably mounted, and
The inside of the handle head and the inside of the turret head are connected.
And the drive gear directly meshes with the driven gear.
A turret-type machine tool, which is provided so as to be able to advance and retreat so as to be separated .