JPH06226520A - Turret type machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable a mulitiple spindle head to be accurately mounted on a turret head, a gear train to be simply maintained, a machine to be lightened and production cost to be reduced. CONSTITUTION:The respective gear shafts 27, 32 and 33 of a driven gear 29 and gear train 9 (28, 34 and 35) have the ends remote from the turret head and screwed fixedly into the bottom surface of a recess 24 to be cantilever- supported on a head body 18. The gears 28, 29, 32 and 33 are respectively rotatably fitted on the ends of the respective gear shafts 27, 32 and 33 on the turret head side. Further in working, to satisfactorily receive a cantilever load acting on the gear shaft 33 and smoothly transmit the drive side rotational power to working tools 20, 21, a gear shaft 43 of a drive gear 42 is supported slidably rotatably by a bearing through a pivot 36 in the proximity of the gear.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a turret type machine tool having a multi-axis spindle head.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional turret type machine tool of this type, the one disclosed in JP-A-60-238240 is known. As shown in FIG. 6, this turret type machine tool a is provided with a turret head b that can move forward and backward toward the work W. The turret head b has a multi-axis spindle head c which is predetermined in the indexing and turning direction. Plural are arranged at intervals of. A predetermined machining tool f is replaceably provided at a tip end portion of a spindle shaft d of the multi-axis spindle head c via a tool holder e, and a spindle gear g is provided at a rear end portion thereof. A driven gear h provided at a substantially central portion on the rear end side of the multi-axis spindle head c meshes with the spindle gear g via a gear train i.

The driven gear h and the gear train i are end portions (left end portions) of the respective gear shafts j and k which are separated from the turret head b.
Is rotatably supported by a multi-axis spindle head c via a bearing m, and an end (right end) on the turret head b side.
Is rotatably supported by a back plate n provided on the back side of the multi-axis spindle head c via bearings o to form a both-ends support structure.

A drive gear p axially movable in the turret head b meshes with and disengages from the driven gear h of the indexed multi-axis spindle head c. By this, a kind of clutch mechanism is configured, and the power on the drive side is transmitted to and cut off from the spindle shaft d and, by extension, the machining tool f.

In the turret type machine tool a thus constructed, when the predetermined multi-axis spindle head c is indexed and positioned at the machining position, the turret head b advances toward the work W and the drive gear p. Moves forward and meshes with the driven gear h to transmit the power on the drive side to the machining tool f, and the workpiece W is machined by the machining tool f. After the processing is completed, the turret head b retracts and the processing tool f separates from the work W.

In the turret type machine tool a having the above structure, the back plate n is provided on the back side of the multi-axis spindle head c so as to support both end portions of the gear shafts j and k of the driven gear h and the gear train i. In this way, the structure of supporting both ends is
When the workpiece W is machined, the machining load acting on the gear train i and the driven gear j via the machining tool f, the spindle shaft d, and the spindle gear g is well received, and the power on the drive side is smoothly transmitted to the machining tool f. Is. However, when the back plate n is provided on the back side of the multi-axis spindle head c in this way, when the multi-axis spindle head c is attached to the turret head b, the back plate n must be attached via the back plate n. A mounting error of the multi-axis spindle head c is likely to occur, and it is inconvenient if the back plate n is present even during maintenance of the gear train i and the like. Further, since the back plate n needs to be formed thick in order to receive the above-mentioned processing load, the weight of the machine is increased, and the back plate n has a plurality of high-precision mounting holes for mounting the bearing o. Since it has to be formed, various inconveniences such as high manufacturing cost occur.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to eliminate such inconvenience, and a multi-axis spindle head can be attached to a turret head with high accuracy, and maintenance of a gear train and the like can be easily performed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a turret type machine tool that can be performed and can reduce the weight of the machine and reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0008]

In order to achieve such an object, the present invention provides a turret head which is movable toward and away from a work and a plurality of turret heads which are arranged at a predetermined interval in the indexing and turning direction of the turret head. Shaft spindle head, a machining tool provided at the tip of the spindle shaft of the multi-axis spindle head, a spindle gear provided at the rear end of the spindle shaft, and the gear meshes with the spindle gear. Therefore, a driven gear provided in the multi-axis spindle head, and a drive gear provided in the turret head so as to be movable in the axial direction so as to engage / disengage with the driven gear of the multi-axis spindle head positioned for indexing. In the turret type machine tool provided with the gear train, the gears of the gear train and the driven gears are cantileveredly supported by the multi-axis spindle head. And a bearing member for supporting the gear shaft of the drive gear in the turret head so as to be movable and rotatable in the axial direction, is provided in the vicinity of the driven gear. It is a feature.

Further, according to the present invention, an end of each gear shaft of the gear train and the driven gear, which is separated from the turret head, is fixed to the multi-axis spindle head and cantilevered by the multi-axis spindle head. The gear and the driven gear are rotatably attached to the turret head side ends of the gear shaft of the gear train and the gear shaft of the driven gear, respectively.

[0010]

According to the turret type machine tool of the present invention, the gear of the gear train and the driven gear are provided on the gear shaft which is cantilevered by the multi-axis spindle head. For this reason, it is possible to eliminate the need for the back plate that supports the end portions of the gear trains and the gear shafts of the driven gear on the turret head side, which are conventionally required.

In the turret head, a bearing member for movably and rotatably supporting the gear shaft of the drive gear in the axial direction is provided in the vicinity of the driven gear. Even if a cantilever load acts on the gear shaft of the driven gear due to the processing load transmitted to the driven gear via the spindle shaft, the spindle gear, and the gear train, this cantilever load is transmitted via the gear shaft of the drive gear that meshes with the driven gear. It is supported in the vicinity by bearing members. As a result, a double-end support structure having a short dimension between the fulcrums can be provided, and the processing load can be well received.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 is a schematic side view of a turret type machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention with a part cut away, FIG. 2 is a detailed sectional view of the inside of a turret head, and FIG. 3 is a detailed sectional view of a multi-axis spindle head. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG.

First, the overall structure will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. Reference numeral 1 indicates a turret type machine tool. The turret type machine tool 1 can slide on a guide rail 3 on a machine base 2. The slide table 4 fitted in the slide table 4, a ball screw feeding mechanism 5 provided below the rear end of the slide table 4 for slidingly moving the slide table 4, and the indexing axis line XX on the upper end of the slide table 4. A turret head 6 which is tilted diagonally to the left and is fitted so as to be indexed, a multi-axis spindle head 7 arranged in plural at a predetermined interval in the indexing direction of the turret head 6, and a spindle of the multi-axis spindle head 7. A drive shaft 10 for transmitting power to the shafts 8a, 8b via a gear train 9 and an oil mist air M of a predetermined pressure are supplied into the turret head 6. Shaft 10, the gear train 9 and the spindle shaft 8 from the lubricating and outside such as the spindle shaft 8a, 8b
It is provided with an oil mist air supply means 11 for preventing impurities such as cutting fluid and dust from entering the insertion gaps of a and 8b.

The slide table 4 is formed in a hollow shape, and an inclined surface 1 is formed at the upper end of the slide table 4 so as to rise obliquely upward and to the right.
A turret head mounting portion 13 having a substantially cylindrical shape is provided, and an annular groove 14 is formed in the inclined surface 12.

The turret head 6 has a hollow conical shape with a flat surface formed on the top thereof, and a ring gear 15 is fixed to the bottom of the turret head 6 concentrically with the indexing axis XX by screws. The ring gear 15 is rotatably supported on the inner peripheral portion of the annular groove 14 via a bearing 16.
In the supported state, the interior of the turret head 6 and the interior of the slide table 4 communicate with each other to form a space A. A drive gear of an index drive device (not shown) meshes with the ring gear 15, so that when the index drive device is driven, the rotation of the drive gear is transmitted to the ring gear 15 and the turret head 6 Is the indexed turning axis X
It is designed to rotate around -X.

The multi-axis spindle head 7 is provided with a head body 18 made of aluminum which is attached to a plurality of openings 17 formed at equal intervals in the indexing and turning direction of the peripheral wall of the turret head 6.

In the head body 18, as shown in FIG.
The two spindle shafts 8a and 8b are inserted and arranged so as to be separated from each other in the vertical direction. Here, the spindle shaft 8a
The insertion gap (8b) communicates with the outside, and the insertion gap communicates with the space A through the opening 17. Further, both ends of the spindle shaft 8a (8b) are rotatably supported via bearings 19a and 19b, and a machining tool 20 (21) has a holder 22 at the tip thereof.
It is replaceably attached via (23). The rear end of the spindle shaft 8a (8b) projects into a recess 24 formed at a position facing the opening 17 on the rear end surface of the head body 18, and the spindle gear 25 (26) is located at the projecting end.
Is provided.

In FIG. 3, a gear shaft 27 is arranged below the spindle gear 25 provided at the rear end of the spindle shaft 8a in parallel with the spindle shaft 8a (8b).
An end portion (left end portion) of the gear shaft 27, which is separated from the turret head 6, is screwed and fixed to the bottom surface of the recess 24 and cantilevered by the head body 18. On the other hand, at the end of the gear shaft 27 on the turret head 6 side (right end),
An idle gear 28 and a driven gear 29, which are integrally formed in two rows to improve the support rigidity, are spaced apart from each other in the left-right direction and are rotatably fitted through needle bearings 30 and 31, respectively. In the fitted state, the idle gear 28 and the driven gear 29 are the flange portion F formed at the middle portion and the right end portion of the gear shaft 27.
It comes into contact with and is prevented from coming off. The idle gear 28 meshes with the spindle gear 25, and
The driven gear 29 is arranged in the opening 17 of the turret head 6 so that a drive gear 42, which will be described later, meshes with and disengages from the drive gear 42.

Between the gear shaft 27 and the spindle gear 26 provided at the rear end of the spindle 8b, there are gear shafts 32,3.
3 are arranged in parallel with each other in the vertical direction, and the end portions of these gear shafts 32, 33 that separate from the turret head 6 are screwed and fixed to the bottom surface of the recess 24, similarly to the gear shaft 27. It is cantilevered by the body 18. Idle gears 34 and 35 are rotatably fitted to the ends of the gear shafts 32 and 33 on the turret head 6 side via needle bearings 36 and 37, respectively.
4 meshes with the idle gear 28, and the idle gear 35 meshes with the idle gear 34 and the spindle gear 26. As a result, the driven gear 29 becomes the idle gear 2
8 to the spindle gear 25, the idle gear 28,
The gears 34 and 35 mesh with the spindle gear 26, respectively.

The drive shaft 10 has a space A as shown in FIG.
A cylindrical rotary shaft 36 that is horizontally arranged inside and is long in the left-right direction.
have. The left end of the rotary shaft 36 is driven by the driven gear 2.
A bracket 37, which is arranged in the vicinity of 9 and is screwed and fixed to the inclined surface 12 of the slide table 4 at this position, is rotatably supported via a bearing 38.

On the other hand, the right end portion of the rotating shaft 36 is rotatably supported by a vertically long side wall (right side wall) of the turret head mounting portion 13 via a bearing 39. In the supported state, the motor shaft 41 of the drive motor 40 is connected to the right end portion of the rotation shaft 36. Therefore, when the drive motor 40 is driven, the rotation shaft 36 rotates. ing.

A gear shaft 43 of a drive gear 42, which meshes with and disengages from the driven gear 29 by moving in the axial direction, is slidably inserted into the left end portion of the rotary shaft 36 so as to be integrally rotatable with the rotary shaft 36. It is arranged. Gear shaft 4
A through hole 44 penetrating from one side portion to the other side portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the right end portion of the rotating shaft 3.
The elongated holes 45a, 45b are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the substantially central portion of the nozzle 6 and are separated from each other by 180 ° in the circumferential direction. Also,
A cylindrical member 46 having a short cylindrical shape is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 36 substantially at the center thereof.
Is fitted so as to be slidable in the axial direction. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 47 is a spring that biases the gear shaft 43 to the left side (the driven gear 29 side).

A through hole 48 is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the left end portion of the tubular member 46.
a and 48b are formed so as to be separated from each other by 180 ° in the circumferential direction, and the through holes 48a (48b) are elongated holes 45a (45).
b), and thus communicates with the through hole 44. Through hole 48
A connecting pin 49 is inserted from a, and the connecting pin 49 reaches the through hole 48b through the elongated hole 45a, the through hole 44, and the elongated hole 45b. Thereby, the tubular member 46,
The rotating shaft 36 and the gear shaft 43 are integrally connected, and thus,
The rotation of the rotation shaft 36 causes the cylinder member 46 and the gear shaft 43 to rotate integrally with the rotation shaft 36. In the connected state, the connecting pin 49 has the long holes 45a and 45b.
Can be moved in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 36, whereby the gear shaft 43 can be slid in the same direction as the gear member 43 integrally with the tubular member 46. The sliding movement of the gear shaft 43 and the tubular member 46 is performed by the shift mechanism 50.
Done by

The shift mechanism 50 includes a link member 51 arranged below the tubular member 46. The link member 51 has both ends fixed to both side walls of the slide table 4, as shown in FIG. By the supporting shaft 52
It is swingably supported in the axial direction. Link member 51
A lower end portion of the cylinder is rotatably connected to a piston rod 54 of a cylinder 53 arranged at a lower portion of a rear end side of the slide table 4, so that when the cylinder 53 is driven and the piston rod 54 is expanded and contracted. Member 51
Oscillates around the support shaft 52 as a fulcrum.

On the other hand, the upper end of the link member 51 is branched into two to form arms 55a and 55b, and the arms 55a and 55b are arranged to face each other with the right end of the tubular member 46 interposed therebetween. Has been done. A bolt 56 is screwed from the outer wall surface of the arm portion 55a (55b) so that its tip portion projects from the inner wall surface, and the projecting end is inserted into an annular recess 57 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the right end portion of the tubular member 46. ing. In the inserted state, the tip of the bolt 56 has the annular recess 5
It is not in contact with the bottom of 7.

When the piston rod 54 of the cylinder 53 is extended in this state, the upper end portion of the link member 51 swings to the right in FIG. 2 and the tip side portion of the bolt 56 moves the right side wall of the annular recess 57. In this direction, the tubular member 46 and the gear shaft 43 slide integrally in the same direction against the urging force of the spring 47 to drive the drive gear 4
2 is separated from the driven gear 29.

On the contrary, when the piston rod 54 of the cylinder 53 is contracted, the upper end of the link member 51 is brought into contact with the right side wall of the tubular member 46 while the tip side of the bolt 56 receives the biasing force of the spring 47. The portion swings to the left, and the tubular member 46 and the gear shaft 43 slide integrally in the same direction, which causes the drive gear 42 to move to the driven gear 29.
And the rotational power of the drive shaft 10 is transmitted. At this time, the tip of the bolt 56 is located substantially in the center of the annular recess 57 and is not in contact with the left and right side walls, which allows the tubular member 46, the rotary shaft 36, and the gear shaft 43 to integrally rotate. is doing.

The oil mist air supply means 11 has a supply pipe 59, one end of which is connected to a through hole 58 formed in the right side wall of the turret head mounting portion 13 so as to penetrate to the space A. The other end of 59 is connected to an oil mist air supply device (not shown).

In the space A, oil of a constant pressure (a pressure slightly higher than atmospheric pressure, 0.3 kg / cm ² in this embodiment) is supplied from the oil mist air supply device through the supply pipe 59. Mist air M is supplied. At this time, as described above, since the space A communicates with the outside through the insertion gap between the opening 17 and the spindle shafts 8a and 8b, the oil mist air M supplied into the space A is not opened. , Through the insertion gap between the spindle shafts 8a and 8b, and blown out to the outside, whereby impurities such as cutting fluid and dust adhering to the machining tool 20 (21) are removed.
It is possible to prevent entry into the insertion gaps a and (8b), and to lubricate the rotating portion of the rotating shaft 36 and the sliding portion of the gear shaft 43 in the space A, lubricate the shift mechanism 50, and drive gear 42. , Driven gear 29, spindle gears 25, 26
And the gear train 9 including the idle gears 28, 34, and 35 and the rotating portions of the spindle shafts 8a and 8b can be satisfactorily lubricated.

In the turret type machine tool 1 constructed as described above, the drive gear 4 is attached to the driven gear 29 of the multi-axis spindle head 7 indexed to the machining position of the work W.
The rotational power of the drive shaft 10 is transmitted from the drive gear 42 through the driven gear 29, the idle gear 28, the spindle gear 25, and the spindle shaft 8a to the processing tool 20, and the idle gear 28 to the idle gears 34, 35. Spindle gear 26 and spindle shaft 8b
After that, it is transmitted to and cut off from the machining tool 21. When the rotational power of the drive shaft 10 is transmitted to the processing tools 20 and 21, the ball screw feed mechanism 5 horizontally moves the slide table 4 toward the workpiece W, and the processing tools 20 and 21 process the workpiece W. It

When machining, the machining tools 20, 2
1 to spindle shafts 8a, 8b, spindle gear 25,
Driven gear 2 by the processing load transmitted to driven gear 29 via 26 and idle gears 28, 34, 35.
A cantilever load acts on the gear shaft 33 of the gear 9, and this cantilever load is generated by the bearing 38 arranged near the driven gear 29 via the gear shaft 43 of the drive gear 42 meshing with the driven gear 29 and the rotating shaft 36. Supported.
As a result, the both-ends supporting structure having a short dimension between the fulcrums can be satisfactorily received with the processing load, and the drive shaft 1
The rotational power of 0 can be smoothly transmitted to the processing tools 20 and 21.

In the turret type machine tool 1 having the above structure, the idle gears 28, 34, 35 and the driven gear 2 are provided.
The respective end portions of the gear shafts 27, 32, 33 of 9 are separated from the turret head 6 by screwing and fixing them into the bottom surface of the recess 24 so as to be cantilevered by the head main body 18, and further the gear shaft 33 of the driven gear 29 during processing. The gear shaft 43 of the drive gear 42 is positioned near the driven gear 29 in order to smoothly receive the cantilever load that acts on the drive shaft 10 and smoothly transmit the rotational power of the drive shaft 10 to the machining tools 20 and 21.
Is supported by a bearing 38 via a rotating shaft 36 so as to be slidable and rotatable.

Therefore, the idle gear 2 which has been conventionally required
8, 34, 35 and the gear shafts 27 of the driven gear 29,
The back plate that supports the end portions of the turret head 6 side of 32 and 33 can be eliminated. Therefore, when attaching the multi-axis spindle head 7 to the turret head 6,
The multi-axis spindle head 7 can be directly attached to the turret head 6, and the precision of attachment of the multi-axis spindle head 7 to the turret head 6 can be improved as compared with the conventional case where the back plate is attached. it can.

Further, since the multi-axis spindle head 7 is directly attached to the turret head 6, the turret head 6 and the multi-axis spindle head 7 are integrated as compared with the conventional case where the turret head 6 is attached via a back plate. It is possible to improve the connection rigidity.

Further, even during maintenance of the gear train 9 and the like, the labor for removing the back plate and the like can be saved, which simplifies the work.

Further, the weight of the machine can be reduced by the weight of the back plate, and in addition, as in the conventional case, the back side is provided to mount a bearing for rotatably supporting the turret head side end of the gear shaft. Since it is not necessary to form a plurality of highly accurate mounting holes in the plate, the manufacturing cost can be kept low.

[0037]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the turret type machine tool of the present invention, the gear train gear and the driven gear are provided on the gear shaft cantilevered by the multi-axis spindle head, and further. In order to smoothly receive the cantilever load acting on the gear shaft of the driven gear during machining and to smoothly transmit the rotary power on the drive side to the machining tool, the gear shaft of the drive gear is moved axially by the bearing member in the vicinity of the driven gear. It is supported rotatably and rotatably.
Therefore, the back plate for supporting the end portions of the gear trains and the gear shafts of the driven gear on the turret head side, which are conventionally required, can be eliminated. Therefore, when the multi-axis spindle head is attached to the turret head, the multi-axis spindle head can be directly attached to the turret head, and the multi-axis spindle head can be attached to the turret head more than the conventional case where the back plate is attached. The mounting accuracy of the shaft spindle head can be improved.

Further, since the multi-axis spindle head can be directly attached to the turret head, the rigidity for integrally connecting the turret head and the multi-axis spindle head is higher than that in the conventional case where the back plate is attached. Can be improved.

Further, even when the gear train or the like is maintained, the work such as removing the back plate can be omitted, which simplifies the work.

Further, the weight of the machine can be reduced by the weight of the back plate, and in addition, as in the conventional case, the back side is attached to mount a bearing for rotatably supporting the end of the gear shaft on the turret head side. Since it is not necessary to form a plurality of highly accurate mounting holes in the plate, the manufacturing cost can be kept low.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view in which a part of a turret type machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention is cut away.

FIG. 2 is a detailed sectional view of the inside of the turret head.

FIG. 3 is a detailed sectional view of a multi-axis spindle head.

4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG.

5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a main part of a conventional multi-axis spindle head of a turret type machine tool.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Turret type machine tool, 6 ... Turret head, 7 ... Multi-axis spindle head, 8a, 8b ... Spindle shaft, 2
0, 21 ... Machining tool, 25, 26 ... Spindle gear, 2
7, 32, 33 ... Gear shaft, 9 (28, 34, 35) ... Gear train, 29 ... Driven gear, 38 ... Bearing, 42 ...
Drive gear, 43 ... Gear shaft of drive gear

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A turret head that can move forward and backward toward a work, a multi-axis spindle head that is arranged at a predetermined interval in the indexing and turning direction of the turret head, and a tip end portion of a spindle shaft of the multi-axis spindle head. Machining tool, a spindle gear provided at the rear end of the spindle shaft, a driven gear provided on the multi-axis spindle head to mesh with the spindle gear via a gear train, and indexing positioning. Turret type machine tool having a drive gear axially movable in the turret head so as to engage with and disengage from the driven gear of the multi-axis spindle head, wherein the gear of the gear train and the driven gear are provided. Is provided on a gear shaft cantilevered by the multi-axis spindle head, and in the turret head, Serial turret machine tool bearing member for movably and rotatably supporting the gear shaft in the axial direction of the drive gear and being provided in proximity to the driven gear. 2. An end portion of each gear shaft of the gear train and the driven gear, which is separated from the turret head, is fixed to the multi-shaft spindle head and cantilevered by the multi-shaft spindle head, 2. The turret type machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the gear and the driven gear are rotatably attached to ends of the gear shaft and the gear shaft of the driven gear on the turret head side, respectively.