JP2788307B2 - Drug dosing device - Google Patents
Drug dosing deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2788307B2 JP2788307B2 JP30931589A JP30931589A JP2788307B2 JP 2788307 B2 JP2788307 B2 JP 2788307B2 JP 30931589 A JP30931589 A JP 30931589A JP 30931589 A JP30931589 A JP 30931589A JP 2788307 B2 JP2788307 B2 JP 2788307B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- drug
- electrode
- ultrasonic
- ion
- iontophoresis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ＜産業上の利用分野＞ 本発明は、種々の薬剤を経皮的に投与する装置に関す
るものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an apparatus for transcutaneously administering various drugs.
＜従来の技術＞ 薬剤の投与法には、放射等による経血管、内服薬等の
経口、座薬等の経粘膜、外用薬や貼薬等の経皮による方
法等がある。これらの薬剤投与法の内、外用薬や貼り薬
等は薬剤投与のスピードが遅く、主として、皮膚や筋肉
の疾患を中心とした患部に直接塗布または貼付する使用
法が主流であった。<Prior art> Drug administration methods include transvascular methods such as transvascular administration by radiation and the like, oral mucosa such as oral medicine, transmucosal administration such as suppositories, and transdermal administration such as external preparations and patches. Among these drug administration methods, the speed of drug administration for external medicines and patches is slow, and mainly the method of directly applying or sticking to the affected area mainly on skin and muscle diseases has been the mainstream.
しかし近年は、インシュリンやニトログリセリン等の
ように長時間少量ずつ継続的に投与する方が望ましい薬
剤で、経皮的投与が行われている。これらの経皮的投与
のスピードを上げるために、特にイオン性の薬剤では、
イオン導入法（例えば、特開昭54−109279号公報、特開
昭60−188176号公報等）や、超音波振動を利用する方法
（例えば、特開昭52−115591号公報、特開昭63−135179
号公報）等が提案されているが、イオン導入法はイオン
性の薬剤でないと使用できず、また、電極がはがれる等
の原因で、接触面積が小さくなると、局所的過電流通電
のために熱傷を生じることがある。However, in recent years, it is desirable to continuously administer a small amount of the drug continuously over a long period of time, such as insulin and nitroglycerin, and transdermal administration has been performed. To speed up these transdermal administrations, especially for ionic drugs,
An iontophoresis method (for example, JP-A-54-109279, JP-A-60-188176, etc.) and a method utilizing ultrasonic vibration (for example, JP-A-52-115591, −135179
However, the iontophoresis method cannot be used unless it is an ionic agent, and if the contact area becomes small due to peeling off of the electrode, etc., the burn due to local overcurrent conduction will occur. May occur.
また、超音波振動を利用する場合でも、効果が十分と
は言えず、パワーを上げようとすると、発熱する等の問
題があった。Further, even when ultrasonic vibration is used, the effect is not sufficient, and there is a problem such as generation of heat when trying to increase power.
＜発明が解決しようとする課題＞ 本発明は、使用電流が少なく、かつ超音波のパワーが
少なくても十分な導入効果が得られ、安全性の高い経皮
的薬剤投与器を提供することを目的とするものである。<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> The present invention is to provide a transdermal drug delivery device that uses a small amount of current and has a sufficient introduction effect even with a small amount of ultrasonic power, and has high safety. It is the purpose.
＜課題を解決するための手段＞ すなわち本発明は、経皮的に薬剤を投与する薬剤投与
器であって、少なくとも超音波振動体とイオン導入電極
Ｉとを有し、薬剤を保持・浸透させる作用部、イオン導
入電極Ｉと対をなすイオン導入電極II、前記超音波振動
体に電力を供給するための超音波発振器、及びイオン導
入電極I,II間に電力を供給するための直流電源から構成
され、超音波振動とイオン導入との相乗効果によって薬
剤の経皮吸収を促進することを特徴とする薬剤投与器で
ある。<Means for Solving the Problems> That is, the present invention is a drug dispenser for percutaneously administering a drug, which has at least an ultrasonic vibrator and an iontophoretic electrode I, and holds and permeates the drug. Working part, an iontophoresis electrode II paired with the iontophoresis electrode I, an ultrasonic oscillator for supplying power to the ultrasonic vibrator, and a DC power supply for supplying power between the iontophoresis electrodes I and II. A drug dispenser configured to promote percutaneous absorption of a drug by a synergistic effect of ultrasonic vibration and iontophoresis.
以下、図面により本発明を詳しく説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明の一実施例となる薬剤投与器の構成を
示す図である。本発明による薬剤投与器は図示した通
り、作用部（１）、超音波振動器（２）、イオン導入電
極II（３）、及び直流電源（４）の４部分から基本的に
構成され、さらに、作用部（１）は両側に絶縁部（５）
を配設した超音波振動体（６）とイオン導入電極Ｉ
（７）とからなっている。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a medicine dispenser according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the drug dispenser according to the present invention is basically composed of four parts: an action part (1), an ultrasonic vibrator (2), an iontophoresis electrode II (3), and a DC power supply (4). , Working part (1) has insulating parts (5) on both sides
Ultrasonic vibrator (6) provided with I and ion introduction electrode I
(7).
作用部（１）は、そのイオン導入電極Ｉ（７）の面に
薬剤（８）を展着して患者の皮膚（９）に貼付されるも
ので、薬剤（８）が衣類等によってこすれて除去されな
いように保護する他に、イオン導入電極Ｉ（７）とその
近傍に貼付されたイオン導入電極II（３）との間に直流
電源（４）から電流を流すことによってイオン導入する
と共に、超音波発振器（２）からの電力を超音波振動体
（６）（トランスデューサー）によって機械的振動に変
換し、作用部（１）の全体もしくはその一部が超音波振
動するものである。イオン導入の作用と超音波振動の相
乗効果によって、薬剤（８）の皮膚（９）への浸透が促
進される。The action section (1) has a drug (8) spread on the surface of the ion-introducing electrode I (7) and is attached to the patient's skin (9), and the drug (8) is rubbed by clothing or the like. In addition to protecting the ion introduction electrode I (7) from being removed, ion is introduced by flowing a current from a DC power supply (4) between the ion introduction electrode I (7) and the ion introduction electrode II (3) attached in the vicinity thereof. The electric power from the ultrasonic oscillator (2) is converted into mechanical vibration by the ultrasonic vibrator (6) (transducer), and the whole or a part of the operation section (1) is ultrasonically vibrated. The synergistic effect of iontophoresis and ultrasonic vibration promotes penetration of the drug (8) into the skin (9).
イオン導入電極Ｉ（７）は、アルミニウム、銅等の
錫、または導電性フィルム等で構成され、使用する薬剤
（８）が陽イオン性のものであれば、直流電源（４）の
陽極に、逆に陰イオン性のものであれば陰極に接続す
る。直流電源（４）のもう一方の極は、イオン導入電極
II（３）に接続する。イオン導入電極II（３）１個に対
して、イオン導入電極Ｉ（７）の数（作用部（１）の数
と同じ）は１個に限定されるものではなく、複数個設け
てもよい。The ion-introducing electrode I (7) is made of tin such as aluminum or copper, or a conductive film. If the chemical (8) used is cationic, the ion-introducing electrode I (7) is connected to the anode of a DC power supply (4). Conversely, if it is anionic, it is connected to the cathode. The other pole of the DC power supply (4) is an iontophoresis electrode
Connect to II (3). The number of ion-introducing electrodes I (7) (same as the number of action portions (1)) is not limited to one for one ion-introducing electrode II (3), and a plurality of ion-introducing electrodes I (7) may be provided. .
絶縁部（５）は、イオン導入電極Ｉ（７）、超音波振
動体（６）、及び第２図に示した他の実施例における振
動拡大子（12）の相互間を電気的に絶縁して接続するも
のであり、超音波振動を吸収せずにイオン導入電極Ｉ
（７）や振幅拡大子（12）まで伝える必要がある。従っ
てその材質としては、アルミナ、ジルコニア等のセラミ
ックス、フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂等の硬質プラス
チックが使用出来るが、特に限定しない。また、極薄い
ものであれば、ポリエステル樹脂等の軟質プラスチック
でも良い。The insulating part (5) electrically insulates the ion introduction electrode I (7), the ultrasonic vibrator (6), and the vibration expander (12) in the other embodiment shown in FIG. The iontophoresis electrode I without absorbing the ultrasonic vibration.
It is necessary to communicate to (7) and the amplitude expander (12). Accordingly, as the material thereof, ceramics such as alumina and zirconia, and hard plastics such as phenol resin and epoxy resin can be used, but are not particularly limited. In addition, soft plastics such as polyester resin may be used as long as they are extremely thin.
超音波振動体（６）は、少なくとも圧電または磁歪材
料と、電極またはコイルより成る。圧電または磁歪材料
に20〜500KHzの高周波を作用させることによって、超音
波の機械的振動に変換するもので、場合によっては第２
図の例のように、圧電または磁歪材料または絶縁部
（５）に接続してその振幅を大きくする振幅拡大子（1
2）を付属しても良い。The ultrasonic vibrator (6) comprises at least a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive material and an electrode or a coil. By applying a high frequency of 20 to 500 KHz to a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive material, the material is converted into mechanical vibration of ultrasonic waves.
As shown in the example in the figure, an amplitude expander (1) connected to a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive material or an insulating portion (5) to increase the amplitude thereof.
2) may be included.
圧電材料としては、特に限定しないが、チタン酸ジル
コン酸鉛（PZT）、チタン酸鉛（PbTiO3）、タンタル酸
リチウム（LiTaO3）、トリグリシンサルフェート（TG
S）、ポリフッ化ビニリデン（PVDF）あるいはセラミッ
ク焼結体粉末とプラスチック材料の複合体等が挙げられ
る。また、磁歪材料としては、ニッケル、フェライト、
PZTチタン酸バリウム（BaTiO3）等が挙げられるが特に
限定しない。Examples of the piezoelectric material include, but are not limited to, lead zirconate titanate (PZT), lead titanate (PbTiO 3 ), lithium tantalate (LiTaO 3 ), and triglycine sulfate (TG
S), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), or a composite of a ceramic sintered powder and a plastic material. Also, as the magnetostrictive material, nickel, ferrite,
PZT barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) is exemplified, but not particularly limited.
振幅拡大子（12）は、超音波振動の振幅を拡大するも
ので、適度な大きさの振動応力と機械的強度を持つ材質
を使用するのが良く、ニッケルクローム鋼、ステンレス
鋼、黄銅、モネルメタル、チタン合金等が例として挙げ
られるが特に限定しない。The amplitude expander (12) expands the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration, and it is preferable to use a material having an appropriate level of vibration stress and mechanical strength. Nickel chrome steel, stainless steel, brass, monel metal , Titanium alloy and the like are given as examples, but not particularly limited.
薬剤（８）は、作用部（１），（11）と皮膚（９）と
の間にあって皮膚（９）へ浸透して行くものであるか
ら、超音波振動を皮膚（９）まで十分に伝達しうる形状
でなければならない。従って、ガーゼや脱脂綿等に含浸
させる方法は望ましいものではなく、例えば、ゼリー状
の薬剤を薄く塗布するか、薬液中で使用する方法、さら
には第２図の例のように、作用部（11）の中を通過して
イオン導入電極（７）と皮膚（９）の間に薬剤（８）を
供給する等の方法が望ましい。Since the medicine (8) is located between the action parts (1) and (11) and the skin (9) and penetrates into the skin (9), the ultrasonic vibration is sufficiently transmitted to the skin (9). The shape must be acceptable. Therefore, a method of impregnating gauze, absorbent cotton, or the like is not desirable. For example, a method in which a jelly-like drug is thinly applied or used in a drug solution, and further, as shown in FIG. ), And a method of supplying a drug (8) between the iontophoretic electrode (7) and the skin (9).
本発明において使用する超音波発振器（２）は、一般
に帰還発振方式と呼ばれる周波数自動追尾方式のものが
良い。その回路構成の一例を示すと第３図のブロックダ
イアグラムの通りで、位相補正回路（21）、制御電圧検
出回路（22）、制御増幅回路（23）及びフィルター回路
（24）からなる増幅回路（20）と、電力増幅回路（26）
及び振動電圧検出回路（27）から超音波振動体（28）に
入力すると共に、増幅回路（20）にフィードバックする
帰還回路（25）に、電源回路（29）を加えた３部分から
成っている。The ultrasonic oscillator (2) used in the present invention is preferably of an automatic frequency tracking type generally called a feedback oscillation type. An example of the circuit configuration is as shown in the block diagram of FIG. 3, and an amplifier circuit (21) including a phase correction circuit (21), a control voltage detection circuit (22), a control amplifier circuit (23), and a filter circuit (24). 20) and power amplifier circuit (26)
And a feedback circuit (25) for inputting from the vibration voltage detection circuit (27) to the ultrasonic vibrator (28) and feeding back to the amplifier circuit (20), and a power supply circuit (29). .
さらに、本発明の直流電源（４）は、０〜10V程度の
もので良く、低周波治療器のようにパルスをかけたり、
開始時より徐々に電圧を上げて行き、また終了時まで徐
々に電圧を下げることも可能である。体内を流れる電流
は0.01〜5mAの範囲が望ましいが、勿論イオン導入電極
の面積や患者の固体差によって増減し、疼痛や熱感を与
えない程度に調節することが肝要である。Further, the DC power supply (4) of the present invention may be of a type of about 0 to 10 V,
It is also possible to gradually increase the voltage from the start and gradually decrease the voltage until the end. The current flowing through the body is desirably in the range of 0.01 to 5 mA, but it is of course important to adjust the current to a level that does not cause pain or hot sensation by increasing or decreasing depending on the area of the iontophoresis electrode and individual differences among patients.
また、併用する超音波は、周波数20〜500KHzで、振幅
0.5μｍ〜10μｍ、好ましくは１〜３μｍ程度のものが
良い。勿論この場合でも、パルス発振や、治療の開始ま
たは終了時に超音波の強さを増減することも可能であ
る。Also, the ultrasonic wave used together has a frequency of 20 to 500 KHz and an amplitude of
Those having a thickness of 0.5 μm to 10 μm, preferably about 1 to 3 μm are good. Of course, even in this case, the intensity of the ultrasonic wave can be increased or decreased at the start or end of the pulse oscillation or the treatment.
実施例１ 第１図に示した構造の作用部（１）を製作するに当た
って、超音波振動体（６）としてシート状の複合圧電素
子を用い、その両側に絶縁部（５）としてポリエステル
フィルムを貼り付けた。また、イオン導入電極I,II（3,
7）にはアルミ箔を使用し、全体をプレス成形した。Example 1 In manufacturing the working portion (1) having the structure shown in FIG. 1, a sheet-shaped composite piezoelectric element was used as the ultrasonic vibrator (6), and a polyester film was used as an insulating portion (5) on both sides thereof. Pasted. In addition, ion introduction electrodes I and II (3,
7) Using aluminum foil, the whole was press-formed.
薬剤（８）はゼリー状とし、超音波振動が皮膚（９）
に伝わるように、適度な圧を加えて動かしイオン導入電
極Ｉ（７）面を皮膚（９）に密着させた。The drug (8) is in the form of jelly, and ultrasonic vibration is applied to the skin (9).
The ion-introduced electrode I (7) was brought into close contact with the skin (9) by applying an appropriate pressure to move it.
実施例２ 第２図に示したように、超音波振動体（６）で発生し
た超音波振動を拡大させるために、超音波振動体（６）
にチタン合金の振幅拡大子（12）を取り付けた。また、
作用部（11）にはその中心部を貫通する孔（13）を設
け、孔（13）を通して薬剤（８）を注入し、徐々に薬剤
を供給しながら、超音波振動と、イオン導入の併用によ
って経皮的に薬剤を投与する構造をとった。Example 2 As shown in FIG. 2, in order to expand the ultrasonic vibration generated by the ultrasonic vibrator (6), the ultrasonic vibrator (6) was used.
An amplitude expander (12) made of a titanium alloy was attached thereto. Also,
The working part (11) is provided with a hole (13) penetrating the center part, and the medicine (8) is injected through the hole (13), and while the medicine is gradually supplied, the ultrasonic vibration and the iontophoresis are used in combination. And a structure for administering the drug transdermally.
超音波発振器（２）は、30W100KHzのタイプで、超音
波振動体（６）はPZT振動子を用い、電歪型の発振方式
を採用した。超音波振動体（６）の両端及び振動拡大子
（12）とイオン導入電極Ｉ（７）の間には絶縁部（５）
を設け、超音波振動体（６）の両端には、銅製の電極を
付けて、高周波電圧を印加した。また、イオン導入電極
（3,7）は、＋側、−側共にアルミ板を用い、直流電源
（４）としてMAX9Vのものを使用した。The ultrasonic oscillator (2) was of a type of 30W100KHz, the ultrasonic vibrator (6) was a PZT vibrator, and adopted an electrostrictive oscillation method. An insulating section (5) is provided between both ends of the ultrasonic vibrator (6) and between the vibration expander (12) and the ion introduction electrode I (7).
, And electrodes made of copper were attached to both ends of the ultrasonic vibrator (6), and a high-frequency voltage was applied. The ion-introducing electrodes (3, 7) used aluminum plates on both the positive and negative sides, and used a DC power supply (4) of MAX9V.
いずれの実施例においても、薬剤を単純に塗布した場
合に比し、２〜４倍の薬効を得ることができた。In each of the examples, a medicinal effect 2 to 4 times as high as that obtained when the drug was simply applied could be obtained.
＜発明の効果＞ 本発明は、従来、投与効率の悪かった経皮的薬剤投与
法において、患者に痛みや不快感を与えることなく、安
全かつ効率的に経皮的薬剤投与を行うことができ、医療
産業上極めて有用である。<Effects of the Invention> The present invention provides a transdermal drug administration method that has conventionally had poor administration efficiency, and can safely and efficiently administer a transdermal drug without causing pain or discomfort to a patient. It is extremely useful in the medical industry.
第１図は本発明の一実施例となる薬剤投与器の構成を示
す図で、第２図は他の実施例の構成を示す図である。ま
た、第３図は本発明において使用する超音波発振器の代
表的な回路構成を示すブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a drug dispenser according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of another embodiment. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a typical circuit configuration of an ultrasonic oscillator used in the present invention.
フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭63−305879（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭57−99965（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭48−11891（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭47−41084（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭62−11467（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭64−9637（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 実開 昭64−9636（ＪＰ，Ｕ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) A61N 1/30Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-63-305879 (JP, A) JP-A-57-99965 (JP, A) JP-A-48-11891 (JP, A) JP-A-47-41084 (JP) JP-A-62-11467 (JP, A) JP-A-64-9637 (JP, U) JP-A-64-9636 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 6 , DB Name) A61N 1/30
Claims (1)
て、少なくとも超音波振動体とイオン導入電極Ｉとを有
し、薬剤を保持・浸透させる作用部、イオン導入電極Ｉ
と対をなすイオン導入電極II、前記超音波振動体に電力
を供給するための超音波発振器、及びイオン導入電極I,
II間に電力を供給するための直流電源から構成され、超
音波振動とイオン導入との相乗作用によって薬剤の経皮
吸収を促進することを特徴とする薬剤投与器。1. A drug dispenser for percutaneously administering a drug, comprising at least an ultrasonic vibrator and an iontophoretic electrode I, an action section for holding and penetrating the drug, and an iontophoretic electrode I.
Ion-introducing electrode II paired with, an ultrasonic oscillator for supplying power to the ultrasonic vibrator, and an ion-introducing electrode I,
A drug dispenser comprising a DC power supply for supplying electric power between the IIs, which promotes transdermal absorption of a drug by a synergistic effect of ultrasonic vibration and iontophoresis.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30931589A JP2788307B2 (en) | 1989-11-30 | 1989-11-30 | Drug dosing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30931589A JP2788307B2 (en) | 1989-11-30 | 1989-11-30 | Drug dosing device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03170172A JPH03170172A (en) | 1991-07-23 |
| JP2788307B2 true JP2788307B2 (en) | 1998-08-20 |
Family
ID=17991537
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30931589A Expired - Lifetime JP2788307B2 (en) | 1989-11-30 | 1989-11-30 | Drug dosing device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2788307B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007135893A (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2007-06-07 | Transcutaneous Technologies Inc | Iontophoresis apparatus and working-side electrode unit |
| JP2009539508A (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2009-11-19 | シーガル アイピー ピーティーワイ リミテッド | Delivery system and method |
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| JPH0670987A (en) * | 1992-08-28 | 1994-03-15 | Katsuro Tachibana | Medicine dosing and body liquid taking-out unit and device therefor |
| US5667487A (en) * | 1993-04-07 | 1997-09-16 | Henley; Julian L. | Ionosonic drug delivery apparatus |
| US5415629A (en) * | 1993-09-15 | 1995-05-16 | Henley; Julian L. | Programmable apparatus for the transdermal delivery of drugs and method |
| US5814599A (en) * | 1995-08-04 | 1998-09-29 | Massachusetts Insitiute Of Technology | Transdermal delivery of encapsulated drugs |
| US6041253A (en) * | 1995-12-18 | 2000-03-21 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Effect of electric field and ultrasound for transdermal drug delivery |
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| US5947921A (en) * | 1995-12-18 | 1999-09-07 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Chemical and physical enhancers and ultrasound for transdermal drug delivery |
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| JP2002515786A (en) | 1996-06-28 | 2002-05-28 | ソントラ メディカル，エル．ピー． | Ultrasound enhancement of transdermal delivery |
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1989
- 1989-11-30 JP JP30931589A patent/JP2788307B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007135893A (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2007-06-07 | Transcutaneous Technologies Inc | Iontophoresis apparatus and working-side electrode unit |
| JP2009539508A (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2009-11-19 | シーガル アイピー ピーティーワイ リミテッド | Delivery system and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH03170172A (en) | 1991-07-23 |
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