JP2784656B2 - Sterilization method of membrane module - Google Patents
Sterilization method of membrane moduleInfo
- Publication number
- JP2784656B2 JP2784656B2 JP4959389A JP4959389A JP2784656B2 JP 2784656 B2 JP2784656 B2 JP 2784656B2 JP 4959389 A JP4959389 A JP 4959389A JP 4959389 A JP4959389 A JP 4959389A JP 2784656 B2 JP2784656 B2 JP 2784656B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- module
- membrane
- water
- membrane module
- heat treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ＜産業上の利用分野＞ 本発明は医薬品製造分野、あるいは無菌水製造分野に
おいて使用する膜モジュールの殺菌方法の改良に関する
ものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to an improvement in a method for sterilizing a membrane module used in the field of pharmaceutical production or the field of sterile water production.
＜従来の技術＞ 注射用水、滅菌水などの医薬品製造分野、あるいは、
食品、半導体製造工業などの無菌水製造分野において
は、精密濾過膜モジュール、限外濾過膜モジュールある
いは、逆浸透膜モジュール等が多く用いられているが、
その用途上、無菌状態の確保が不可欠である。而して、
膜モジュールを殺菌処理し、これを無菌状態で設置現場
に運搬し、次いで、ポンプ・配管・タンク等の付帯設備
の組立てによりシステムを施工したのち、システムの殺
菌処理を行い、更に、システム運転中は所定期間ごとに
システムの殺菌処理（通常は洗浄もかねている）を行う
必要がある。<Conventional technology> Pharmaceutical manufacturing such as water for injection and sterile water, or
In the field of sterile water production such as food and semiconductor manufacturing industry, microfiltration membrane modules, ultrafiltration membrane modules or reverse osmosis membrane modules are often used,
For its use, it is essential to ensure sterility. Thus,
Sterilize the membrane module, transport it to the installation site under aseptic conditions, and then construct the system by assembling auxiliary equipment such as pumps, pipes, tanks, etc., sterilize the system, and furthermore, during system operation It is necessary to sterilize the system (usually also for cleaning) at predetermined intervals.
従来、膜モジュールもモジュール製造工場からモジュ
ール設置現場に運搬する場合、出荷時にモジュール内
に、ホルマリン、次亜塩素酸ソーダなどの薬剤を封入
し、この状態で運搬し、ラインの運転開始時にモジュー
ル内の薬剤を水で洗い流している。Conventionally, when transporting a membrane module from a module manufacturing plant to the module installation site, a chemical such as formalin or sodium hypochlorite is sealed in the module at the time of shipment, transported in this state, and inside the module at the start of line operation The medicine is washed off with water.
＜解決しようとする課題＞ しかし、食品等を対象とする以上、その薬剤の除去は
完全でなければならず、多量の純水を必要とし、コスト
的に高価につく。また、膜モジュールを含めたラインの
殺菌処理を行う場合は、80〜98℃程度の温水を用いて10
〜60分間熱水循環運転を行っている。しかしながら、温
度80〜98℃といった高温の熱水は、製造工場において一
般的な熱源とはいいがたく、その調達に特別の設備を必
要とし、この場合もコスト的に問題がある。<Problem to be Solved> However, as far as food and the like are concerned, the removal of the chemical must be complete, requires a large amount of pure water, and is expensive. Also, when sterilizing the line including the membrane module, use hot water of about 80 to 98 ° C.
The hot water circulation operation has been performed for ~ 60 minutes. However, high-temperature hot water having a temperature of 80 to 98 ° C. is not a general heat source in a manufacturing plant, and requires special equipment for its procurement. In this case, too, there is a problem in cost.
本発明の目的は、一般的な熱源であるオートクレーブ
や加熱槽を用いて殺菌でき、殺菌後は外部に対して容易
に無菌状態に保持できる膜モジュールの殺菌方法を提供
することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a method for sterilizing a membrane module which can be sterilized using an autoclave or a heating tank, which is a general heat source, and which can be easily maintained in an aseptic state after sterilization.
＜課題を解決するための手段＞ 本発明に係る膜モジュールの殺菌方法は、膜モジュー
ルの原水側または濃縮側あるいは透過側の少なくとも何
れかの開口を、細菌の通過を阻止できる多孔膜によって
閉塞し、かかるもとでモジュールを加熱処理し、モジュ
ール内の水蒸気を多孔膜より逸出させることを特徴とす
る方法である。<Means for Solving the Problems> In the method for sterilizing a membrane module according to the present invention, at least one of the openings on the raw water side, the concentration side, and the permeation side of the membrane module is closed with a porous membrane capable of preventing the passage of bacteria. Under such circumstances, the method is characterized in that the module is subjected to a heat treatment so that the water vapor in the module escapes from the porous membrane.
上記において、多孔膜の孔径は0.45μｍ以下とするこ
とが好ましい。その理由は、通気性を保持しつつ細菌の
通過を阻止するためである。多孔膜としては、フッ素系
多孔質膜、セラミック系または金属系の細孔のフイルタ
ー等を使用できる。上記加熱処理には、水蒸気を加熱源
とするオートクレーブ、または電気加熱炉等を用いるこ
とができる。In the above, the pore diameter of the porous membrane is preferably 0.45 μm or less. The reason is to prevent the passage of bacteria while maintaining air permeability. As the porous membrane, a fluorine-based porous membrane, a filter having ceramic or metal pores, or the like can be used. For the heat treatment, an autoclave using steam as a heating source, an electric heating furnace, or the like can be used.
膜モジュールには、耐熱タイプのものが用いられ、例
えば、膜、その他の構成部材にポリスルホンを使用した
ものを用いることができる。As the membrane module, a heat-resistant type is used. For example, a module using polysulfone for the membrane and other components can be used.
本発明を適用する膜モジュールは、全ての種類のモジ
ュールであり、例えば、中空糸膜モジュール、スパイラ
ル膜モジュール、チューブラー膜モジュール、プレート
型膜モジュール等である。The membrane module to which the present invention is applied is all types of modules, for example, a hollow fiber membrane module, a spiral membrane module, a tubular membrane module, a plate type membrane module, and the like.
＜実施例の説明＞ 以下、本発明の実施例について説明する。<Description of Examples> Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described.
第１図は中空糸膜モジュールを示している。第１図に
おいて、１は耐熱性の筒状ケース、例えば、ポリスルホ
ン筒状ケースである。２は耐熱性の中空糸膜束、例えば
ポリスルホン系中空糸膜束であり、筒状ケース内に収納
してある。31・32はケース内の両端に設けた耐熱性の樹
脂隔壁であり、耐熱性エポキシ樹脂の注入によって成形
し得る。４はケースの一端に設けた原水入口、６は原水
室、７は濃縮水出口である。８、８はケースの両端に取
付けたカバーであり、透過水室を構成している。81は透
過水取出口である。FIG. 1 shows a hollow fiber membrane module. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a heat-resistant cylindrical case, for example, a polysulfone cylindrical case. Reference numeral 2 denotes a heat-resistant hollow fiber membrane bundle, for example, a polysulfone-based hollow fiber membrane bundle, which is housed in a cylindrical case. 31 and 32 are heat-resistant resin partition walls provided at both ends in the case, and can be formed by injecting a heat-resistant epoxy resin. 4 is a raw water inlet provided at one end of the case, 6 is a raw water chamber, and 7 is a concentrated water outlet. Reference numerals 8 and 8 are covers attached to both ends of the case, and constitute a permeated water chamber. 81 is a permeate outlet.
本発明は膜モジュール出荷時の殺菌処理に適用でき
る。この適用にあたっては、第１図に示すように、孔径
が0.45μｍ以下の多孔膜ａ例えば、フッ素樹脂膜によっ
て濃縮水出口７を閉塞し、原水室６に純水を入れ、原水
入口５を栓で密封し、而るのち、加熱槽またはオートク
レーブによってモジュールを加熱する。透過水取出口81
・81は栓で密封しておく。加熱条件は75℃以上で５分以
上である。この加熱によりモジュール内の純水が蒸発す
るが、濃縮水出口７に多孔膜ａを設けてあるので、水蒸
気をこの多孔膜ａから逸出させて、モジュール内の異常
な圧力上昇を防止できる。従って、膜の損傷を防止でき
る。この加熱処理において、モジュール内の純水が減失
するが、その量は、例えば95℃×0.5hr程度の熱処理条
件の場合で約10％であり、熱処理後もモジュールの保水
状態を充分に維持できる。従って、保水状態のままで運
搬でき、膜乾燥等による膜性能の低下を防止できる。ま
た、多孔膜の孔径を細菌の阻止に必要な孔径にしてある
から、運搬時、モジュール内への細菌の潜入を排除で
き、加熱処理後もモジュール内を外部に対して無菌状態
に維持できる。従って、モジュールを、純水の入ったま
までモジュール設置現場に運搬でき、現場に運搬した後
は、多孔膜、栓体を脱離して水を抜くだけでよく、従来
の薬剤封入運搬の場合とは異なり、モジュール内を水洗
する必要がない。The present invention is applicable to a sterilization process at the time of shipping a membrane module. In this application, as shown in FIG. 1, the concentrated water outlet 7 is closed by a porous membrane a having a pore diameter of 0.45 μm or less, for example, a fluororesin membrane, pure water is charged into the raw water chamber 6, and the raw water inlet 5 is plugged. Then, the module is heated by a heating tank or an autoclave. Permeate outlet 81
・ Seal 81 with a stopper. The heating condition is 75 ° C. or more and 5 minutes or more. Although the pure water in the module evaporates by this heating, the porous film a is provided at the concentrated water outlet 7, so that the water vapor escapes from the porous film a, so that an abnormal pressure rise in the module can be prevented. Therefore, damage to the film can be prevented. In this heat treatment, pure water in the module is lost, but the amount is about 10% under the heat treatment condition of, for example, 95 ° C. × 0.5 hr, and the water retention state of the module is sufficiently maintained even after the heat treatment. it can. Therefore, it can be transported in a water-retained state, and a decrease in membrane performance due to drying of the membrane can be prevented. In addition, since the pore size of the porous membrane is set to a size necessary for preventing bacteria, infiltration of bacteria into the module during transportation can be eliminated, and the interior of the module can be maintained in a sterile state with respect to the outside after the heat treatment. Therefore, the module can be transported to the module installation site with pure water in it.After transporting to the site, it is only necessary to remove the porous membrane and the plug and drain the water. Differently, there is no need to wash the inside of the module.
上記において、透過水取出口も、孔径0.45μｍ以下の
多孔膜で閉塞し、この部分からもモジュール内水蒸気を
逸出させることができる。また、上記多孔膜にはモジュ
ール内水圧に対する補強層、例えば、ネット、不織布、
織布、多孔金属板等を裏張りすることが望ましい。In the above description, the permeated water outlet is also closed with a porous membrane having a pore size of 0.45 μm or less, and the water vapor in the module can escape from this portion. Further, the porous membrane has a reinforcing layer against the water pressure in the module, for example, a net, a nonwoven fabric,
It is desirable to line a woven fabric, a perforated metal plate, or the like.
第２図は上記膜モジュールを用いた滅菌水製造システ
ムを示し、９は原水タンク、10はポンプ、UFは中空糸膜
モジュール、11は透過水タンクであり、ポンプ10によっ
て原水を循環させ、この間、原水をモジュールの中空糸
膜で濾過し、中空糸膜内の純水を透過水タンク11に導い
ている。12はスチーム導入管、13は濃縮原水抜出口であ
る。FIG. 2 shows a sterilized water production system using the above-mentioned membrane module, 9 is a raw water tank, 10 is a pump, UF is a hollow fiber membrane module, 11 is a permeated water tank, and the raw water is circulated by a pump 10. The raw water is filtered by the hollow fiber membrane of the module, and the pure water in the hollow fiber membrane is led to the permeated water tank 11. Reference numeral 12 denotes a steam introduction pipe, and reference numeral 13 denotes a concentrated raw water discharge outlet.
本発明によって、上記膜モジュールUFを含むシステム
を殺菌処理するには、ポンプ10を停止し、多孔膜ａによ
って濃縮原水抜取口13を閉塞し、而るのち、スチーム導
入管12から、システム並びに膜モジュール内に水蒸気を
導入する。導入した水蒸気は多孔膜ａから逸出してい
き、モジュール内の異常な高圧化を排除できる。従っ
て、膜を損傷させることなしに熱殺菌できる。According to the present invention, in order to sterilize the system including the membrane module UF, the pump 10 is stopped, the concentrated raw water discharge port 13 is closed with the porous membrane a, and then the system and the membrane are introduced from the steam introduction pipe 12. Introduce steam into the module. The introduced steam escapes from the porous membrane a, and abnormal high pressure in the module can be eliminated. Therefore, heat sterilization can be performed without damaging the membrane.
上記において、多孔膜ａに疎水性多孔膜を使用すれ
ば、上記の出荷運搬中、外部からの汚染防止に有利であ
り、また、加熱媒体として水蒸気を使用する場合に飽和
水蒸気を使用しても、多孔膜が水で封孔されるのを防止
でき、多孔膜の前記した作用（水蒸気を通過させ、膜内
の異常高圧化を防止すること）をよく確保できる。In the above, if a hydrophobic porous membrane is used for the porous membrane a, it is advantageous to prevent contamination from outside during the above-mentioned shipping and transportation, and even when saturated steam is used when steam is used as the heating medium. In addition, the porous membrane can be prevented from being sealed with water, and the above-described action of the porous membrane (passing water vapor and preventing abnormal high pressure in the membrane) can be sufficiently ensured.
次に、本発明により殺菌処理した場合の処理結果につ
いて説明する。Next, a description will be given of a processing result when the sterilization processing is performed according to the present invention.
実施例１ 第１図に示した中空糸膜モジュール（中空糸膜：ポリ
スルフォン系、ケース並びにカバー：ポリスルフォン、
隔壁：耐熱性エポキシ樹脂）の濃縮水出口を最大孔径0.
2μｍ、気孔率80％、厚さ100μｍの多孔質ポリテトラフ
ルオロエチレン膜で閉塞し、原水室に水を満し、原水入
口並びに透過水取出口をそれぞれ栓で密閉し、加熱槽で
95℃、60分間の熱処理を施した。この熱処理の１日後、
３日後並びに５日後に、それぞれモジュール内の封入水
をサンプリングし、トリプトソーヤ寒天培地で30℃、７
日間放置したが、菌の存在は認められなかった。Example 1 The hollow fiber membrane module shown in FIG. 1 (hollow fiber membrane: polysulfone, case and cover: polysulfone,
Partition wall: heat-resistant epoxy resin) concentrated water outlet with a maximum pore diameter of 0.
Close with a porous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane of 2μm, porosity 80%, thickness 100μm, fill the raw water chamber with water, seal the raw water inlet and the permeated water outlet with plugs, and use a heating tank.
Heat treatment was performed at 95 ° C. for 60 minutes. One day after this heat treatment,
After 3 days and 5 days, the water in each module was sampled, and the sample was put on a tryptosome agar medium at 30 ° C. and 7 days.
After standing for days, the presence of the bacteria was not observed.
実施例２ 実施例１と同一モジュールの濃縮水出口を実施例１と
同一の多孔質ポリテトラフルオロエチレン膜で閉塞し、
更に強度補強用スペーサを張付けて、多孔膜に4kg/m2以
上の耐水性を付与した。次いで、原水室に水を満し、原
水入口並びに透過水取出口をそれぞれ栓で密閉し、而る
のち、121℃、20分間の条件でオートクレーブ処理し
た。この処理の１週間後、モジュール内封入水をサンプ
リングし、実施例１と同様にして菌の有無を調査した
が、菌の存在は認められなかった。また、膜モジュール
を満水状態のままで運搬したが、多孔膜には何らの異常
も認められなかった。Example 2 The concentrated water outlet of the same module as in Example 1 was closed with the same porous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane as in Example 1,
Further, a spacer for reinforcing strength was attached to impart water resistance of 4 kg / m 2 or more to the porous membrane. Next, the raw water chamber was filled with water, the raw water inlet and the permeated water outlet were each sealed with a stopper, and then autoclaved at 121 ° C. for 20 minutes. One week after this treatment, the enclosed water in the module was sampled, and the presence or absence of bacteria was examined in the same manner as in Example 1. However, the presence of bacteria was not recognized. In addition, the membrane module was transported in a full state, but no abnormality was observed in the porous membrane.
実施例３ 第２図に示した無菌水製造システムにおいて、濃縮水
抜取口を最大孔径0.45μｍ、気孔率80％、厚み100μｍ
の多孔膜ポリテトラフルオロエチレン膜で閉塞し、スチ
ーム導入管より温度121℃のスチームを20分間送入し
た。その後、30分間定常運転を行い、透過水をサンプリ
ングし、実施例１と同様に菌の有無を調査したが、菌の
存在は認められなかった。Example 3 In the aseptic water production system shown in FIG. 2, the concentrated water extraction port had a maximum pore diameter of 0.45 μm, a porosity of 80%, and a thickness of 100 μm.
Was sealed with a porous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane, and steam at a temperature of 121 ° C. was fed through a steam introduction tube for 20 minutes. Thereafter, a steady operation was performed for 30 minutes, the permeated water was sampled, and the presence or absence of bacteria was examined in the same manner as in Example 1. However, the presence of bacteria was not recognized.
＜発明の効果＞ 本発明に係る膜モジュールの殺菌方法は、上述した通
りの方法であり、膜モジュールの何れかの開口部を多孔
膜で閉塞して加熱処理しているから、この加熱処理によ
ってモジュール内に発生する水蒸気を多孔膜から逸出さ
せ得、モジュール内での異常圧力の発生を防止でき、膜
損傷を排除できる。そして、多孔膜の孔径を0.45μｍ以
下としてあるから、加熱処理後、モジュール内への殺菌
の潜入を防止でき、モジュールを無菌状態に保持でき
る。従って、本発明により膜モジュールの殺菌処理を行
って膜モジュールを出荷すれば、従来の薬剤封入出荷の
場合とは異なり、現地でモジュールを設置したのちモジ
ュール内の水洗が不要となり、コスト的に有利である。
また、薬液または熱水を使用する必要がなく、常備の熱
源であるスチームを使用できるので、かかる点からもコ
スト的に有利である。<Effect of the Invention> The method for sterilizing a membrane module according to the present invention is the same as described above, and any one of the openings of the membrane module is closed with a porous membrane and subjected to heat treatment. The water vapor generated in the module can escape from the porous membrane, the occurrence of abnormal pressure in the module can be prevented, and membrane damage can be eliminated. Since the pore diameter of the porous membrane is set to 0.45 μm or less, it is possible to prevent infiltration of sterilization into the module after the heat treatment, and to maintain the module in a sterile state. Therefore, if the membrane module is sterilized according to the present invention and shipped, the membrane module does not need to be washed after installing the module on site, unlike the case of conventional drug-filled shipping, which is advantageous in cost. It is.
In addition, since it is not necessary to use a chemical solution or hot water and it is possible to use steam, which is a regular heat source, it is advantageous in terms of cost from this point as well.
第１図は本発明によって処理される膜モジュールの一例
を示す説明図、第２図は本発明によって処理される滅菌
水製造システムの一例を示す説明図である。 UF……膜モジュール、５……原水入口、 ７……濃縮水出口、81……透過水取出口、 ａ……多孔膜。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of a membrane module treated by the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an example of a sterilized water producing system treated by the present invention. UF: membrane module, 5: raw water inlet, 7: concentrated water outlet, 81: permeated water outlet, a: porous membrane.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) B01D 65/02──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 6 , DB name) B01D 65/02
Claims (3)
いは透過側の少なくとも何れかの開口を、細菌の通過を
阻止できる多孔膜によって閉塞し、かかるもとでモジュ
ールを加熱処理し、モジュール内の水蒸気を多孔膜より
逸出させることを特徴とする膜モジュールの殺菌方法。An opening of at least one of a raw water side, a concentrating side and a permeating side of a membrane module is closed by a porous membrane capable of blocking the passage of bacteria, and the module is subjected to heat treatment under such conditions. A method for sterilizing a membrane module, wherein water vapor is allowed to escape from a porous membrane.
熱炉またはオートクレーブによって行う請求項（１）記
載の膜モジュールの殺菌方法。2. The method for sterilizing a membrane module according to claim 1, wherein the module is filled with water, and the heat treatment is performed in a heating furnace or an autoclave.
ることによって行う請求項（１）記載の膜モジュールの
殺菌方法。3. The method for sterilizing a membrane module according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment is performed by feeding steam into the module.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4959389A JP2784656B2 (en) | 1989-02-28 | 1989-02-28 | Sterilization method of membrane module |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4959389A JP2784656B2 (en) | 1989-02-28 | 1989-02-28 | Sterilization method of membrane module |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02227129A JPH02227129A (en) | 1990-09-10 |
| JP2784656B2 true JP2784656B2 (en) | 1998-08-06 |
Family
ID=12835537
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4959389A Expired - Lifetime JP2784656B2 (en) | 1989-02-28 | 1989-02-28 | Sterilization method of membrane module |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2784656B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6174439B1 (en) | 1995-01-20 | 2001-01-16 | Pall Corporation | Filter package |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6910889B2 (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2021-07-28 | 旭化成株式会社 | Filtration membrane module and its manufacturing method and installation method of filtration membrane module |
-
1989
- 1989-02-28 JP JP4959389A patent/JP2784656B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6174439B1 (en) | 1995-01-20 | 2001-01-16 | Pall Corporation | Filter package |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02227129A (en) | 1990-09-10 |
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