JP2784096B2 - Demolition equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a disassembly apparatus which can efficiently disassemble a machine having various attached parts, such as an engine of an automobile or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, various raw materials are regenerated from the viewpoint of resource saving, and particularly expensive aluminum is regenerated. For example, in automobiles and the like, many parts made of aluminum alloy are used in the engine to reduce the weight.When scrapping a car, only the engine is removed from the vehicle body, roughly dismantled and heated to melt the aluminum. Playing.

If a disassembled engine has parts having a melting point close to aluminum, such as zinc and copper, not only cannot good-quality recycled aluminum be obtained, but also parts that are greatly extended to the outside, such as air cleaners. If the mark is attached, a large space is required in the melting furnace, the number of engines that can be processed at one time in the melting furnace is reduced, and the efficiency of the aluminum recycling operation is deteriorated.

It is obvious that it is advantageous from the viewpoint of thermal efficiency that it is better to use less iron or the like having a large specific heat in order to raise the temperature to the melting point of aluminum.
Therefore, it is necessary to remove the other components from the engine as much as possible and to devise a way to increase the amount of aluminum.

Therefore, conventionally, an operator or the like manually removes the mounting bolts of these parts by using several kinds of tools, or burns off the bolts or the like with a burner from the viewpoint of dismantling work efficiency, and manually operates the engine. Was dismantled.

[0006] However, such dismantling of the engine by a worker or the like has a problem that the dismantling work efficiency is poor and it takes a long time, and thus the energy efficiency of the melting furnace is lowered, and the fuel and engine oil are reduced. When the oil pan, fuel line, carburetor, and the like are removed from the burner, there is a danger of ignition and explosion due to the residue.

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned various problems, it is desirable to disassemble the engine only by mechanical force without using a burner or the like, in order to improve the dismantling work efficiency and safety.

Hereinafter, an outline of a dismantling device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-184042 for disassembling an engine by mechanical force will be introduced with reference to FIG. The main body is a turning work vehicle having the same configuration as a well-known hydraulic excavator, and reference numerals 10 and 12 are a first arm (hereinafter referred to as a boom) and a second arm (hereinafter referred to as an arm) which are hydraulically operated. -It is called mu).

Reference numeral 14 denotes an upper structure (hereinafter, referred to as a revolving body) of the apparatus, which is mounted on a lower structure (hereinafter, referred to as a traveling body) 16 having an endless track so as to be pivotable about a vertical axis. Near the center in the width direction thereof,
10 are supported.

[0010] A cockpit 18 is provided in a part of the revolving unit 14, and furthermore, the turning work vehicle is equipped with a dismantling device main body having a configuration described below. That is, the traveling body 16
A bracket 20 is provided below the front end portion of the bracket 20 so as to be vertically movable by two guide bars 22. Further, two clamping arms 24 arranged parallel to each other in a horizontal plane are provided at the front of the bracket 20. Is provided.

The holding arm 24 is rotatably supported in a horizontal plane with a support shaft 26 as a fulcrum, so that an engine (not shown) disassembled by rotation can be held from both left and right sides. ing.

Reference numeral 28 denotes a hemispherical (bowl-shaped) support member integrally formed at the end of the clamping arm 24 and having a hollow inside. The recess receives the both ends of the engine shaft and receives it. It is rotatably supported as appropriate.

A shaft hole (not shown) of the holding arm 24 through which the support shaft 26 is inserted is formed in an elliptical shape, so that the support members 28 at the tips of the two holding arms 24 are opposed to each other. The planes are always parallel and their spacing is adjusted so that they can be clamped regardless of the shape and size of the engine.

Reference numeral 30 is a cutter device for tearing off unnecessary parts of the engine held by the holding arm 24,
Opposite blade portions 32 and 34 are provided at the tips, and are opened and closed by hydraulic operation.

The inner shapes of the blade portions 32 and 34 are not the same, and the blade portion 32 has a large number of irregularities so as to easily hold the component, and the blade portion 34 has a slight edge on the tip side so as to easily grip the component. The configuration is such that a large recess is formed.

The mode of operation of the disassembly apparatus having the above structure will be described below. First, the swing of the swing body 14 and the boom 10, arc
By operating the arm 12 up and down, the cutter device 30 is positioned immediately below the engine previously removed from the vehicle body, thereby gripping the engine and holding it at the tip of the holding arm 24.
Move between 28.

Next, both ends of the main shaft of the engine disposed between the two support members 28 are brought into contact with the support member 28 at the tip of the holding arm 24 to be held from both right and left sides. In addition to parts such as a carburetor, a fuel pump or a cell motor including copper, etc., various auxiliary parts such as an air cleaner for increasing a space are gripped by a cutter device 30. Activating the arm 12 tears these parts sequentially.

On the other hand, when the components are mounted on the lower rear side of the engine or the like, the engine is rotated by the tip of the cutter device 30 in a state in which the interval between the clamping arms 24 is slightly widened, and a good position is obtained. After resuming the work, they are tearing apart and dismantling.

Further, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 2-13617, a fixed arm for fixing a machine to be disassembled to a traveling body is provided, and a clamping pressure such as a nibble is provided at the tip of the arm. Some have a crushing device.

[0020]

By the way, in the case of engines of small and medium-sized vehicles, for example, a transmission housing made of an aluminum alloy is directly connected to the main body of the engine. Therefore, in such a disassembly apparatus, one of the engine body and the anti-coupling side of the transmission are provided with two clamping arms.
It cannot be removed because it is held between the opposing surfaces of the support member at the tip of the system.

Therefore, the housing must be melted in a melting furnace with the transmission attached, and the purity of recycled aluminum cannot always be improved. In addition, the engine body made of ductile cast iron is also charged into the melting furnace. Inevitably, this is extremely disadvantageous in terms of the energy cost required for the melting furnace.

In addition to the energy cost required for the melting furnace, if it is sold as ductile cast iron scrap as is well known, its value may be reduced by heating, so that it is economically disadvantageous as well. There was a problem that could not be solved. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a disassembly apparatus that can easily remove a TM and also remove a piston.

[0023]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and the main means employed by the dismantling apparatus according to the present invention is a revolving body of a free-running work vehicle. At the swinging end of the arm at the tip of the boom supported to be able to move up and down, a machine can be gripped from above and a gripping device for tearing is provided, and a lower arm than the traveling body of the turning work vehicle is provided. The lower arm is provided with a jaw at the tip of the lower arm, which has crushing teeth on the opposite side and which crushes the machinery from below with the crushing teeth. A crushing device is provided.

[0024]

According to the disassembly apparatus having the above-mentioned structure according to the present invention, the machinery is operated by operating the boom and the arm, and the machinery is suspended by the gripping device and lowered to clamp the machinery by the crushing device.
Then, the accessories of the machinery can be torn by the gripping device while being held by the crushing device, and by increasing the operating force of the jaws of the crushing device while holding and fixing the machinery by the gripping device and the crushing device. Machines can be chewed with crushing teeth.

[0025]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a disassembly apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. Those having the same functions will be described using the same reference numerals.

In the dismantling apparatus according to this embodiment,
The main body of the turning work vehicle itself and the gripping device have substantially the same configuration as the conventional cutter device, and therefore, only the differences will be mainly described.

That is, similarly to the prior art, the bracket 20 is fixed to the lower part of the front end of the traveling body 16, and the lower arm 24 is supported by a horizontal shaft horizontally supported by the bracket 20, and the lower arm The lower arm 24 is pivotally connected at one end to the traveling body 16 and at the other end to the swinging end of the lower arm 24. It is designed to be driven to swing around the heart.

As shown in FIG. 1, a crushing device 40, which will be described later, is supported on the swinging end side of the lower arm 24 by a support shaft 26 parallel to the horizontal shaft. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the details of the crushing device 40 are opened and closed by pivotally connecting the tip of a piston rod of a jaw operation hydraulic cylinder 46 having a piston rod which expands and contracts on the opposite side. A pair of jaws 42 having a plurality of crushing teeth 44 with their tips directed in opposite directions at the open / close end side are provided.
A horizontal mounting base plate 48 for receiving the engine e is disposed between them.

Of course, as shown in FIG. 1, an arm at the tip of a boom 10 supported by a revolving unit 14 so as to be able to move up and down.
At the tip of 12, a gripping device 30 which has the same configuration as the conventional one, suspends the engine e, and tears off various accessories attached around the outer periphery of the engine e is attached swingably around the horizontal axis. Have been.

The mode of use of the disassembly apparatus having the above structure will be described below. First, the piston rod of the lower arm operating hydraulic cylinder 22 is reduced, and the crushing apparatus 40 is lifted off the ground to perform the intended disassembly. The dismantling device is moved to the place where the engine e should be placed.

Then, the movement of the dismantling device is stopped at a predetermined position, and the piston rod of the lower arm operating hydraulic cylinder 22 is extended to lower the crushing device 40 on the ground. The expansion and contraction of the piston rod of the cylinder 22 is locked, and the jaw 42 of the crushing device 40 is opened by extending the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 46 for jaw operation.

Then, the revolving body 14 is revolved to operate the boom 10 and the arm 12, and the blade portions 32, 34 of the gripping device 30 are operated.
While holding and holding the engine e to be dismantled, the turning body 14 is turned around in the opposite direction to stop the turning when the engine e comes directly above the crushing device 40, and the boom 10 And the arm 12 are lowered to bite the engine e by the jaws 42 of the crushing device 40.

Of course, when the target engine e to be dismantled is in front of the dismantling device, there is no need to turn the revolving unit 14 and the operation of the boom 10, the arm 12 and the gripping device 30 is performed. Alone, the engine e can be grasped and suspended.

Then, while holding the engine e by the crushing device 40, the boom 10, the arm 12, and the gripping device 30 are operated.
The boom 10, the arm 12, and the gripping device 30 are operated while rotating the revolving unit 14 as necessary, so as to operate ancillary parts around the outer periphery of the engine e, for example, a head cover, a cylinder head, and zinc made of aluminum. Each accessory such as a carburetor, a fuel pump, and a cell motor containing copper is torn in order and removed.

After each accessory is removed, the direction of the engine e is changed by the operation of the crushing device 40 and the gripping device 30, and the housing mounting portion of the transmission of the engine body that is made of ductile iron is attached to the jaw 42 of the crushing device 40. Crushed teeth
In addition to the crushing by 44, the direction of the engine e is further changed by the same operation, and the vicinity of the oil pan mounting portion of the engine body is crushed by the crushing teeth 44 of the jaw 42 of the crushing device 40.

Since the crankshaft is exposed when the oil pan is removed in this manner, the same operation is performed to change the direction of the engine e so that the exposed side of the crankshaft is on the upper side, and the jaw 42 of the crushing device 40 is operated. The crushing teeth 44 hold the crankshaft, and the gripping device 30 grips the crankshaft, with which the piston head made of aluminum alloy is extracted.

Next, only aluminum alloy parts such as a head cover, a cylinder head, a transmission housing, and a piston head are moved to a predetermined place, and these are put into a melting furnace to be close to the melting point of aluminum (660 ° C.). It is melted at a temperature and further poured into a mold to form an aluminum ingot.

As described above, since only the aluminum alloy parts are melted, the melting cost required for the heat energy of the melting furnace can be reduced. In addition, since ductile cast iron and the like are not heated, the cost is higher than before. It can be sold as ductile iron scrap, which is extremely economically advantageous.

In the above, the case where the jaw 42 of the crushing device 40 opens and closes in the front-rear direction of the dismantling device has been described as an example.
40 may be supported.

However, in this case, since the longitudinal direction of the engine e coincides with the front and rear of the dismantling device,
It is necessary to operate the gripping device 30 in front of the dismantling device farther from the cockpit 18, which may be disadvantageous in relation to the operating force of the arm 10 and the boom 10 supporting the gripping device 30. .

Further, in the above, the crushing teeth 44 of the joe 42
Although the case of a plurality of sharp shark teeth having a sharp tip has been described, there is no practical problem even if the flat teeth are integrally connected in the lateral direction, although it is slightly disadvantageous due to the crushing force, and the turning work vehicle has The main body does not necessarily have to be of the crawler type and may be of a tire running type.

[0042]

As described above in detail, according to the disassembly apparatus of the present invention, the crushing apparatus is operated by operating the boom and the arm, grasping and holding the machinery by the grasping device, and lowering the machine. , The accessories of the machinery are cut off by the gripping device while being held by the crushing device, and the crushing device is clamped and fixed by the gripping device and the crushing device.
By raising the operating force of the machine, the details of the machine can be easily dismantled by chewing the machine with crushing teeth, so that only the aluminum alloy parts can be melted, improving the purity of recycled aluminum and improving the melting furnace. Energy required
In addition to cost reduction, the engine body made of ductile cast iron is not heated, so when selling it as cast iron scrap, the selling price is far more advantageous than before, and it has a huge effect on the economics of engine dismantling work Can be expected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating the entire configuration of a disassembly apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a cross-sectional configuration of a crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the entire configuration of a conventional disassembly apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

e ... engine, 10 ... boom, 12 ... arm, 14 ... revolving body,
16 traveling body, 18 cockpit, 20 bracket, 22 lower arm hydraulic cylinder, 24 lower arm, 26 support shaft, 30 gripper, 32, 34 blade, 40 ... crushing equipment, 42 ...
Jaw, 44… Crushing teeth, 46… Jaw operating hydraulic cylinder,
48 ... Placement plate.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A machine which can be gripped from the upper side by a swinging end of an arm at a tip end of a boom supported by a revolving structure of a revolving work vehicle capable of traveling, and torn. A gripping device is provided to support the lower arm so that it can swing vertically in the vertical direction from the traveling body of the turning work vehicle, and has a crushing tooth at the tip of the lower arm on the side opposite to the crushing arm. A dismantling device comprising a crushing device provided with a jaw for chewing the machinery from below with teeth.