JP2774993B2 - Formwork - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention is lightweight and nailable,
The present invention relates to a mold using a foamed synthetic resin as a base material, which is easy to cut, retains the strength of the mold, and has excellent release properties.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a formwork used for civil engineering and construction, there are a metal formwork and a wooden formwork. The former is based on materials such as iron and aluminum and is used in various civil engineering and construction sites. The latter is a plywood formed by polymerizing and bonding thin wooden boards, a so-called control panel. This formwork is also used in civil engineering and construction sites in a large number, like the metal formwork. Since a metal formwork cannot be cut and worked in accordance with the situation at the construction site, various forms are prepared to cope with various works. The form of the control panel can be cut with a saw or the like as appropriate, so it is cut according to the situation at the construction site and connected by nailing.

[0003]

However, among the metal molds and the control panel molds, the former uses a material having high strength as described above. If it is not possible, it cannot be cut and used according to the construction site, and it can not be nailed, so special fixing brackets are required, and in addition, concrete and the formwork are fixed However, there is a problem that it takes time and effort to release the mold, and if the mold is forcibly released, the mold and the concrete surface are damaged.

[0004] Although the latter is not as heavy as a metal mold, it is not light enough to allow an individual to easily carry and work on the mold, and the mold release property is poor. It is necessary to apply a mold release material to the concrete casting surface, and it cannot be expected to be used many times. As a result, there is a problem that it becomes expensive.

[0005] The present invention solves the problems of such conventional molds, and provides a mold that is lightweight, can be nailed, is easy to cut, retains the strength of the mold, and has good releasability. It is something you want to do.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a foamed synthetic resin plate-like core material having glass fiber therein and an adhesive to one or both surfaces of the core material. met become more mold release sheet for cementitious hardwood product obtained by
Two opposite sides of the outer edge of the release sheet
Or provide a skin layer to cover the four sides,
It is specially characterized that the above-mentioned glass fiber is included in the skin layer.
It is a sign. The foamed synthetic resin is selected from synthetic resins such as polyurethane, polystyrene, polyethylene, and polypropylene, and is used as a release sheet. The release property with a cement-based cured product such as a polyethylene sheet, a high-density polyethylene sheet, or a polyethylene terephthalate sheet. A good single-layer or multi-layer synthetic resin sheet is used. When only one surface is used as a release sheet used as a release sheet used for the surface of the plate-shaped core material, a hard plate body such as a plywood, a wooden plate, a synthetic resin plate, or a metal plate is fixed to the other surface. Are also used.

[0007] Further , the skin layer is formed on an outer edge portion of the release sheet.
The width is set to be wider outward than that of the skin layer.
Raises the outer surface layer, and its surface is a release sheet table
The plane is set to be substantially flush with the plane. In addition,
An adhesive layer is provided between the kin layer and the foamed synthetic resin plate core.
The stratum is provided. Glass fiber inside
Of the foamed synthetic resin plate-shaped core and one of the cores
A release sheet for cement-based hard material bonded to the surface,
A frame or a hard disk detachably fixed to the other surface of the core material;
It is also possible to form a formwork with the sheet plate.

[0008]

The mold according to the present invention has a core made of a foamed synthetic resin in which at least glass fiber is internally provided in the form of a mat, and one or both surfaces of the core are cement-based. The release sheet for hard material is adhered, and in some cases, the release sheet is attached to one surface, and a hard plate or a frame is attached to the other surface. Since the core material is a synthetic resin foam, it is lightweight and easy to handle, and can be easily cut with a saw or the like to be adapted to each construction site. When the formwork is used in civil engineering and construction sites to assemble the formwork and cast concrete, the core material is made of glass fiber as a reinforcing material, so a foam synthetic resin such as polyurethane resin is used. Even if the supporting strength of the mold is maintained, and even if the molds are to be connected to each other by nailing or the like, the cured portion reinforced by the glass fiber inside the core and the foamed core This enables nailing in combination with a release sheet having a higher strength. In addition, when the mold is released from the mold after hardening of the concrete, the release sheet located on the surface of the core material acts as a release agent, and the mold is easily released from the surface of the hardened concrete. Is possible. And outside the release sheet
A switch for covering two or four opposing sides of the edge
In addition to providing a skin layer, the skin layer
Reinforcing the outer edge of the formwork with the fiber inside
The release sheet can be peeled off from the core material surface.
Release is prevented, and the release sheet and the core
An adhesive or paper material with poor water resistance
When using it, the outer surface layer of the skin layer
Moisture and cement components when using the frame from the side edge of the release sheet
It is prevented from penetrating into the core material or the adhesive part.
You. In addition, there is an inherent fiberglass in the skin layer
Therefore, the skin layer serves as a reinforcing frame material for the
With extremely high strength and good nailing
It is. In addition, the skin layer is formed from the outer edge of the release sheet.
Is also set wide outward, and the outer surface of the skin layer
Raise the surface layer part and make the surface
By setting them to be approximately the same plane, for example,
Skin layer when many forms are stacked and transported
Although the outer surface layer portions of the
I can prevent touching and damaging it.
Also suppresses large bulkiness even if many formwork are stacked
can do. Also, the skin layer portion and the synthetic foam
By providing an adhesive intervening layer between the
After making a foamed synthetic resin plate core,
There is no need to bond, and the whole is bonded together when foaming
be able to. Also, there is glass fiber inside
Foamed synthetic resin plate-shaped core material, and one surface of the core material
A release sheet for cement-based hard material, which is bonded,
A pier frame detachably fixed to the other surface of the core material or
By constructing a rigid plate and a more formwork,
Lighter weight than the one that uses a girder for the mpanne formwork
It is easy to use and one side in use, that is, the surface side of the core material
When the mold release sheet reaches the end of its life, the formwork
The body or hard plate is removed, and the frame for the pier is attached to the surface of the core material.
Or, if the hard plate is fixed again, the back side of the core
It can be used as a surface. Incidentally, one surface of the formwork, inter alia the outer surface side, when toward the rigid plate member and the outer utilizing those fixing the frame body provided with ribs, the mold frame of the concrete設用When standing upright, there is no need for a vertical pier to be directly attached to the outer surface of the formwork, and instead of the pier, use plate-like ribs directly and place fluttering material etc. on it and fix it Can be. When a form tie or the like is attached, a hole is drilled at an appropriate position of the main form opposite to the conventional form, and the form tie may be attached to the hole as usual.

[0009]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The details of the invention are explained further by means of the illustrated embodiment. The formwork F1 of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 shows a basic example thereof. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a powder formed by crushing glass fiber, rock wool, metal fiber, carbon fiber, and rice hull. Body, wood fiber or other reinforcing fibers in sheet or mat form, for example, 5-10 mm thick with glass fibers entangled in a three-dimensional structure
This is a foamed synthetic resin plate-like core material 1 in which a reinforcing fiber 2 such as a mat of a degree (manufactured by Unifilo, trade name: Vetrotex) or a state in which short or long fibers are dispersed is included. Make up the constituent materials. As foam synthetic resins, polyurethane, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyvinyl chloride,
One or more selected from synthetic resins such as polyphenol, ABS, urea, and melamine are mainly used, and foamable synthetic resins may be used. In particular, a polyurethane resin foamed with a glass fiber mat in a single layer or a plurality of layers inside and a foaming degree of several times to about 20 times is used. In particular, it is foamed about 10 times to about 15 times. Are used as preferred. Reference numeral 3 bonded to the surface of the foamed synthetic resin plate-shaped core material 1 indicates a release sheet for a cement-based cured product when used on both surfaces as shown in the figure and when used on one surface. This release sheet 3 is naturally provided on the hardened cementitious material side of the core material 1 and is used so as to be easily released from the surface of the mold frame F1 when the cement or concrete or the like is solidified after curing. ing. As the release sheet 3, generally, a polyethylene sheet, a high-density polyethylene sheet and a polyethylene terephthalate sheet, so-called PET sheet, polyester sheet, polyvinyl chloride sheet, polyphenol sheet, ABS sheet,
A material with good release properties for cement-based cured products such as urea sheets and melamine sheets, etc., directly or bonded to single-layer or multi-layer sheets including films, sheets, thin plates, etc. In order to enhance the properties, the sheet is used after corona discharge machining or surface treatment with an acid.
When the release sheet 3 is used on both sides of the core material 1, both sides can be used as a cement-based cured product molding surface, but the sheet 3 may be positioned on only one side in some cases.
For example, when the foaming degree of the core material 1 is increased to make the core material lightweight and inexpensive, the core material strength is reduced, so that the release sheet 3 as described above is used on one surface, and plywood, wood board, This is a case where a rigid plate body such as a synthetic resin plate or a metal plate is fixed to increase the overall strength. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, since each peripheral edge of the release sheet 3 is exposed to the outer peripheral surface together with the peripheral edge of the core material 1, water and a cement liquid component easily penetrate. In order to waterproof the outer peripheral surface including the peripheral edge of the above or to prevent the end edge of the release sheet 3 from peeling off from the core material, a tape or fitting made of synthetic resin or metal is fixed to the outer peripheral edge. Is considered as a desirable example.

Therefore, when using such a formwork,
A concrete filling space is provided in the same manner as a conventionally used aluminum formwork or a control panel formwork to form the main formwork F1.
And formwork structures are formed while fixing them with a foam tie or the like. When the release sheet 3 is used on both surfaces of the core material 1, if the release sheet 3 on one surface is damaged and cannot be used, the surface of the other release sheet 3 can be used, of course. If these two surfaces are damaged or the core 1 is bent, it may be discarded.

[0011] Then, the mold of FIG.
Part or all of the outer periphery of the frame and the mold shown in FIG.
Is provided with a skin layer 4. That is, in the formwork F1 represented in FIG. 1 , the reinforcing fiber 2 is provided inside, and two or four opposite sides of the outer peripheral surface have a thickness of, for example, 0.1 mm.
A plate-shaped core material 1 made of a foamed synthetic resin which is a thin skin layer 4 of about 5 mm to 2 mm or a thick skin layer 4 of about several mm in thickness.
And a mold release sheet 3 for cement-based cured product adhered to one or both surfaces . By providing the skin layer 4, it is possible to reinforce the terminal end portion of the formwork, to prevent the invasion of external moisture from the portion, and further, when nailing the formwork, The nail holding strength at this side end portion can be increased. In particular, when a glass fiber mat or the like is used as the reinforcing fiber 2, it is easy to increase the nail holding strength against nailing from the surface direction, but the direction from the side end to the inside, that is, the formwork When the nail was hit from the side end in the width direction, the nail held in the reinforcing fiber was naturally not entangled, so that the nail holding function was reduced. This improvement was required, and the formation of the skin layer 4 was considered. The reinforcing fiber 2 typified by glass fiber or the like can be included in the skin layer 4 to further enhance the reinforcement of the skin layer 4 portion.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the release sheet 3 is a rectangular sheet, and the outer edges of two or four opposite sides are located inside the outer edge of the surface of the core material 1, and A mold frame F1 in which the outer edge 3a is sealed with the outer surface layer 5 of the skin layer 4 at the outer edge of the core material 1, and the surface 6 of the outer surface layer 5 and the sheet surface 7 are positioned on substantially the same plane. It is. Further, the outer edge 1a of the core material 1 is provided so as to protrude outward from the outer edge 3a of the release sheet 3.

[0013] The details will be further understood by comparing the partially enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. That is, the portion of the skin layer 4 located at the side end of the core material 1 is set wider than the outer edge 3a of the release sheet 3, and the outer surface layer portion 5 of the skin layer, which is the surface side portion, swells. The surface 6 is set so as to be substantially flush with the release sheet surface 7,
The outer edge 3a of the sheet is sealed with the outer surface portion 5 of the skin layer.

FIG. 2 shows a mold F2 in which the skin layer outer surface layer portion 5 of FIG. 1 is extended to the surface 7 of the release sheet 3 and a part of the sheet 3 is covered with a covering portion 8. is there. In a state where the skin layer 4 extends outward from the release sheet 2, and in this state, a part or all of the peripheral edge of the sheet is covered by a covering portion 8 in which the outer surface layer portion 5 is extended onto the sheet 3. The adhesive coated with the material prevents the peripheral edge of the release sheet 3 from peeling off from the surface of the core material 1, and the adhesive or paper material having poor water resistance at the bonding portion between the release sheet 3 and the core material 1. When the mold is used, the outer surface layer portion 5 prevents moisture and cement components during use of the mold from entering the inside of the core material and the bonding portion from the side end of the release sheet 3. is there. In addition, when the reinforcing fiber 2 is present in the skin layer 4 part, the skin layer 4 serves as a reinforcing frame material for the mold frame F2, imparts extremely high strength to the mold frame, and makes nailing good. I will close it.

The mold F shown in FIGS.
1 and F2 are formed, for example, by the mold 9 of FIG.
For example, when a polyurethane resin core material 1 having a foaming degree of 10 to 15 times is to be produced, PET sheets 10 and 10 are arranged above and below the molding space of the mold 9, and reinforcing fibers are interposed therebetween. As a second example, for example, a two-layer glass fiber mat 11 is installed, and then a polyurethane resin for foaming is filled in the molding space 9a.
Fill with resin in between. At this time, due to the filling pressure, the resin is moved between the mold-side inner surface 9b and the sheet-side edge of FIG. 8 and a part thereof is moved between the surface 7 of the release sheet 3 and the upper and lower mold inner surfaces 9c through the gap. Into the outer surface layer portion 5 as shown by the arrow, and foamed as it is to form the outer surface layer portion 5, and a coating portion formed by extending a part of the outer surface layer portion 5 as shown in FIGS. At 8, a release sheet with the surface 7 locked is made. If, when molding the foamed plastic core 1 continuously, of course, it can not be made that there is a skin layer 4 over four sides as in the mold of FIG. 4, FIG.
5, the skin layer 4 can be formed only on both side ends in the molding direction, and before and after that, there is only a cut surface. At this time, the skin layers 4 and 4
By cutting and removing, one without a skin layer on all four sides can be made. In the formwork having such a skin layer 4, the formwork is lightweight and easy to carry, so that it can be easily used at various construction sites, and even when nailing or the like.
In the case where the skin layer 4 can be sufficiently utilized and the outer surface layer 5 is formed as shown in FIGS.
Is formed, it is possible to prevent the peripheral edge of the release sheet 3 during use from peeling off the core material 1 and to prevent water, cement component, and the like from entering from the peripheral edge portion.

The mold F3 shown in FIG. 7, and the mold of Figure 8
F4 are together like-ones and their basic configuration of FIG. However, an adhesion intervening layer 12 is provided between the skin layer 4 portion and the foamed synthetic resin plate-shaped core material 1 in order to improve the mutual adhesion. Kraft paper, a paper sheet impregnated with a synthetic resin material, or the like is used as the adhesive intermediate layer 12. By using those in this situation, also by using the adhesive intermediate layer 12 also in that of FIGS. 1 and 2, good adhesion between the foamed synthetic resin to the adhesive intermediate layer 12, such as the kraft paper It is not necessary to bond the release sheet 2 after the foamed synthetic resin plate-shaped core material 1 is formed, and the whole can be integrally bonded at the time of foaming.

Finally, the molds F5 and F6 shown in FIGS.
Is an example in which a crosspiece 13 and a plate (not shown) are attached to each of the molds F1 to F4 . The embodiment of FIG. 9 basically includes a frame 1 as a crosspiece 13 made of wood, metal, synthetic resin or the like on one side of the molds F1 and F2 shown in FIGS.
4 is a mold frame which is detachably fixed with nails, screws, adhesive tape, or not-shown clamps or the like. Furthermore, this pier 1
3, a relatively thick hard plate such as a wooden plate, a plywood, a metal plate, a synthetic resin plate is also selectively adopted, and by fixing these frames 14 or the hard plate in a detachable manner, It can be used as a formwork with a pier. As described above, since the foam body is used for the core material 1 and the PET sheet or the like is used for the release sheet 3 as described above, the entire weight of the mold body is made of a conventional control panel. Since it is lighter and easier to handle, it can be easily used in various construction sites, and when the release sheet 3 on one side of its use has reached the end of its life, the formwork F5 The frame 14 and the hard plate are separated from each other by peeling off the adhesive tape, removing nails and screws, and separating them from each other.
By changing the front and back and fixing the frame body 14 again, both surfaces of the core 1 can be used as the mold surface. On the other hand, in the mold F6 of FIG. 10, the sheet 3 having good releasability made of the above-mentioned material is used integrally on one surface, but the frame or hard material is formed on the other surface. This shows a plate body integrally fixed. In the example shown in FIG. 10 , when foam synthetic resin such as polyurethane resin is foam-molded, a pier frame 15 having a groove portion is arranged as a pier 13 as shown in the figure , and the inside thereof is filled with urethane resin or the like. By doing so, the release sheet 3, the plate-shaped core material 1, and the frame 15 can be integrally foamed and bonded, and the molds F5, F6 in FIGS . 9 and 10 can be formed .
Can be used without having to re-install the pier on the outer surface of the formwork.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the reinforcing fiber is used by filling and dispersing it in a foamed synthetic resin. However , only the reinforcing fiber is removed and the foaming degree of the synthetic resin is nailed. In addition, it is added that a foam having such a low foaming as to be able to hold the same and a release sheet or the like on each surface can be used technically.

[0019]

[Effect of the Invention] As mentioned above, the mold according to the present invention, the internal
Because the core material made of foam synthetic resin with glass fiber inside is used, the whole is lightweight, and from that,
In addition to the high bending strength of the entire formwork, nailing is possible, and even if the strength of the formwork is maintained, it can be easily cut with a saw or the like. A high release effect on the cured product can be exhibited. Then, opposing surfaces of the outer edge of the release sheet are opposed to each other.
That by providing the two sides or skin layer order to cover the four sides, the release sheet on which can be made to reinforce the mold edge
The periphery is prevented from peeling off the core material surface, and
Contact with poor water resistance at the adhesive part between the release sheet and the core material
When using an adhesive or paper material, the skin layer
Moisture and cement components when using the formwork due to the outer surface layer of
The side edge of the release sheet may penetrate into the core
Is prevented. Moreover, the grass layer
Since the fiber is inherent, the skin layer
As a reinforcement frame material, it gives extremely high strength to the formwork,
The hitting is also good. Also, release the skin layer
Set it wider than the outer edge of the seat
To raise the outer surface layer portion of the skin layer, and
Set the surface so that it is almost flush with the release sheet surface.
By transporting many forms, for example,
Prevents damage due to contact between mold surfaces in cases
When a lot of formwork is stacked
Ru it is possible to suppress the stacked bill to a minimum. Also,
Adhesion between the skin layer and the foamed synthetic resin plate core
By providing an intervening layer, a foamed synthetic resin plate core material
No need to glue release sheet after making, foaming
Sometimes the whole can be glued together. Also, the inside
Plate-shaped core material made of foam synthetic resin with lath fiber inside
And a cement system adhered to one surface of the core material
Removable sheet for hard material and removable on the other surface of the core material
Composed of a frame for a pier fixed to Noh or a rigid plate and a formwork
By using a pier to the conventional control panel form
Lighter and easier to handle than
Of the release sheet on the other side, that is, the surface side of the core
When removing the pier frame or hard plate from the formwork
And fix the pier frame or hard plate to the surface of the core again.
Then, the back side of the core material can be used as the mold surface
Will be possible. Also, if a foamed synthetic resin having a foaming ratio of several times to about 20 times, especially a urethane foamed resin of about 10 to 15 times is used, reinforcing fibers such as glass fiber mats can be held inside the core material during foaming. At the same time, if the release sheet is placed on the surface, the core material, glass fiber and release sheet can be integrated with each other at the time of foaming without the need for adhesive, and the strength as a mold Obtained and lightweight.

[Brief description of the drawings]

Explanatory sectional view of a portion of a first embodiment mold was in section <br/> according to the invention, FIG

Explanatory sectional view of a portion of a second embodiment mold was in section <br/> according to the present invention; FIG

FIG. 3 is an explanatory cross-sectional view in which a part of FIG. 2 is enlarged;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory perspective view of the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory perspective view of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a mold for manufacturing the mold of the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory perspective view showing a cross section of a part of a mold according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Fourth explanatory perspective view was partially in section <br/> embodiment formwork according to the invention; FIG

FIG. 9 is an explanatory perspective view showing a cross section of a part of a mold according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory perspective view showing a cross section of a part of a mold according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Core material 1a Core material outer edge 2 Reinforcing fiber 3 Release sheet 3a Sheet outer edge 4 Skin layer 5 Outer surface layer part 6 Outer surface layer part surface 7 Sheet surface 8 Coating part 9 Die 9a Molding space 9b Side inner surface 9c Up and down Inner surface 10 PET sheet 11 Glass fiber mat 12 Adhesive intervening layer 13 Crosspiece 14 Frame 15 Grooved frame F1 First embodiment frame F2 Second embodiment frame F3 Third embodiment frame F4 Fourth embodiment frame F5 Fifth Embodiment Formwork F6 Sixth Embodiment Formwork

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A mold comprising: a foamed synthetic resin plate-like core material having glass fiber therein; and a cement-based hard material release sheet adhered to one or both surfaces of the core material. A frame , of the outer edge of the release sheet.
A skin layer to cover two or four sides facing each other
And the glass fiber inside the skin layer.
Formwork characterized by having been located . 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the skin layer is located at an outer edge of the release sheet.
And set it to be wider outward and outside the skin layer.
Raises the surface layer part, and its surface is the release sheet surface
2. The mold according to claim 1 , wherein the form is set to be substantially the same as the plane . 3. The skin layer portion and a plate made of a foamed synthetic resin.
The mold according to claim 1, wherein an adhesive intervening layer is provided between the mold and the core material . 4. An optical fiber having a glass fiber inside.
Adhesive to foam synthetic resin plate core and one surface of the core
A release sheet for a cement-based hard material,
Pier frame or removably fixed to the other surface of
Formwork consisting of a plate .