JP2774263B2 - Aerial spray greening method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an aerial spray greening method suitable for greening a wide area such as a ash fall area of a volcanic ash or a devastated hillside.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When greening a wide area, it is preferable in terms of time and labor to use an airplane such as a helicopter to spray vegetation base materials in the air.

The aerial spraying method includes a so-called dry method in which a vegetation base material in which a fertilizer and a plant seed are mixed is mainly sprayed, and a so-called slurry method in which an organic material and water are added and the vegetation base material is sprayed. Whatever the method, the important thing is that early greening and early erosion prevention are effectively achieved, and over time, trees are formed by trees. .

[0004] From the viewpoint of early greening and prevention of early erosion, for example, grass seeds of exotic herbaceous plants having strong germination vigor are selected, and these grass seeds are sown so as to be about 5000 / l. It is preferable to use a fast-acting fertilizer having a nitrogen content of about 10 to 20 g / m 2 in terms of growth. On the other hand, it is desirable to select native woody seeds in order to achieve harmony with the surrounding landscape when forestation is achieved, and it is satisfactory if native herbs are present around the trees.

[0005]

However, grass seeds with fast germination and growth, woody seeds with slow germination and growth, and, if necessary, native grassy seeds are used as vegetation materials containing the above-mentioned fast-acting fertilizer. When mixed and sprayed, trees with slow germination and growth of native species are pressed by grass with strong germination and growth, making it difficult to grow. It is desirable that fertilizers of native species are fertilized with slow-acting fertilizers. However, since the above-mentioned vegetation material contains fast-acting fertilizers, woody seeds and native herbs are required. There was a problem that seeds were liable to cause germination disorders and growth disorders.

[0006] Therefore, attempts have been made to prevent the pressure of the woody seeds from the pasture seeds by separately sowing grass seeds of early germination and growth and woody seeds of late germination and growth in different sowing areas. However, in the sowing area of the woody seeds, the seeds themselves germinate and grow without being subjected to pressure.However, since the seeds of the woody seeds germinate and grow slowly, rainfall occurs until the woody seeds grow sufficiently. Or erosion due to winter frost heave,
There has been a problem that the seeds and seedlings that have been sowed move and run away, and uniform greening is not realized.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention provides a herbaceous seed with a fast germination and growth and a tree and a wildflower with a slow germination in order to succeed in greening a degraded area with pasture and trees and wildflowers. Seeds mixed with a small amount of fast-growing herbaceous seeds in the seeds are germinated and grown in separate plots in the area to be revegetated so that the slow-germinating woody plants are not pressed by the fast-growing herbs. At the same time, consideration is given to preventing early erosion even in the seeding area of the slow-germinating and growing woody seeds.

The herbaceous seeds that germinate and grow quickly are fertilized with a fast-acting fertilizer so as to be suitable for the initial growth. The seeds are fertilized with a slow-acting fertilizer so that the woody seeds and the like do not cause germination disorders or growth disorders.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The aerial spray greening method according to the present invention comprises a first vegetation base material in which a fast-growing herb seed is mixed with a vegetation material in which a fast-acting fertilizer is mixed, and a slow-acting fertilizer. And a second vegetation base material in which woody seeds with slow germination and growth and a small amount of herbaceous seeds with fast germination and growth are mixed in the vegetation material in which the vegetation material is mixed, and air-sprayed in separate plots in the greening target area. There is a feature in the point.

[0010] The method of spraying the vegetation substrate may be either a dry method or a slurry method.
Prepare a table, and mix and stir vegetation material (eg, one or more of soil improvement material, organic material, and inorganic material) containing fast-acting fertilizer and herbaceous seeds that germinate and grow quickly by one mixing machine,
Obtain a first vegetation substrate.

[0011] In addition, a seed (for example, 100 parts) obtained by adding a small amount of fast-germinating herbaceous seeds to a vegetation material containing a slow-acting fertilizer and woody seeds of late germination and growth by the other mixing machine.
１０００1000 / 〓) is mixed and stirred to obtain a second vegetation base material. If necessary, a native plant seed is mixed with the second vegetation base material, and the first and second vegetation base materials are mixed.
Mix different color powders with each other in the vegetation base material,
Each of the first and second vegetation substrates is colored in a different shade. When the color of the fast-acting fertilizer and the color of the slow-acting fertilizer are different, this fertilizer can be used also as the color powder without mixing the color powder.

The first and second vegetation base materials are put into, for example, a spray hopper of a helicopter, and the first and second vegetation base materials are placed in separate areas within a greening target area such as a devastated hillside. Spray in the air.

[0013] Then, the helicopter moves the spraying hopper to one.
When only the table is provided, the first and second vegetation base materials are alternately put into the hopper, or the first and second vegetation base materials are mixed for each batch of the mixing machine.
And the second vegetation base material are alternately put into a hopper, and the first and second vegetation base materials are air-sprayed on separate batches in the greening target area in batch units, but two helicopters are used. When the spray hopper is provided, the first and second vegetation base materials put into separate hoppers can be sequentially sprayed in the air. In any case, a plurality of helicopters should be prepared. Needless to say, is efficient. When the vegetation base materials are color-coded, the application status of the first and second vegetation base materials can be visually checked from above.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the aerial spray greening method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The revegetation method according to this embodiment includes a first vegetation base material in which a fast-growing herbaceous seed is mixed in a vegetation material in which a fast-acting fertilizer is mixed, and a germination and growth in a vegetation material in which a slow-acting fertilizer is mixed. It is characterized in that the second vegetation base material in which late woody seeds and a small amount of herbaceous seeds that germinate and grow quickly are mixed is air-sprayed in separate plots in the greening target area.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, an organic material 1 such as bark compost, a soil improving material 2 such as bentonite, a slow-release fertilizer 3 such as rapeseed oil cake, and a curing agent 4
, An adhesive (functioning as a curing agent) 5 and a coloring agent 6
And fresh water 7 as a vegetation base 8, to which a quick-acting fertilizer 9 has been added to form a vegetation material 10. The vegetation material 10 and herbaceous seeds 11 having fast germination and growth are mixed in a first mixture. The first vegetation base material 13 in a slurry state is obtained by charging the mixture into the machine 12 and mixing and stirring. In addition, from the viewpoint of seed germination and growth, it is preferable to mix an inorganic material such as vermiculite or perlite with the vegetation base 8.

On the other hand, of the vegetation base 8, the coloring agent 6
A vegetation material 16 is obtained by adding a slow-acting fertilizer 15 to a vegetation base 14 differing only in the color of the vegetation material 16, the vegetation material 16, a slow-germinating and growing herbaceous seed 17, and a small amount of a rapidly germinating and growing herbaceous seed 11. And the native herbaceous seeds 18
Of the second vegetation base material 20 in a slurry state.

Table 1 shows the material content per ha of the first and second vegetation base materials 13 and 20 which are suitable for greening.

[0018]

[Table 1]

In the organic material 1, the linter is cottonseed waste. CMC of the adhesive is carboxymethyl cellulose, and NSA101 of the preservative is a trade name of Nippon Vegetation Co., Ltd. Taquifosca, a fast-acting fertilizer 9, is a trade name of Taki Fertilizer Co., Ltd. The high control of the slow-acting fertilizer 14 is a trade name of Chisso Asahi Fertilizer Co., Ltd., which uses molten phosphorus fertilizer as a slow-acting phosphate fertilizer.

As the herbaceous seed 11 that germinates and grows quickly, an exotic grass species such as Kentucky 31 fescue, highland bentgrass, bermudagrass, or red top is selected and suitable. It is desirable to select a tree species such as, yashabushi, alder, itachihagi, and red pine. In addition, the herbaceous seeds of the local species include pampas grass, meadhagi, knotweed,
Mugwort and the like are preferred.

Table 2 shows standard contents of seeds mixed into the first and second vegetation base materials which are suitable for greening.

[0022]

[Table 2]

The first and second vegetation base materials 13 and 20 obtained as described above are alternately put into a spray hopper 21 provided in the helicopter H, and the first and second vegetation base materials 13 and 20 are placed. Are alternately sprayed in the spraying hopper 21 or alternately in each blending batch of the mixing machine into separate compartments in the greening target area S such as a devastated hillside. At this time, the first and second spraying are performed. The vegetation base materials 13 and 20 are made into a slurry so as to be hardly blown off by the wind. However, making the slurry into a slurry is not an essential requirement, and a dry spraying form may be adopted.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the first and second vegetation base materials 13 are spread by the application area A of the first vegetation base material 13 and the application area B of the second vegetation base material 20. , 20 are sprayed so that the mixing areas A and B do not mix with each other, and the spreading areas A and B surround each other. , 20 are colored with the coloring agents 6 having different shades, so that they can be easily visually confirmed from the sky.

If such a spraying form is adopted, first, FIG.
As shown in (A), in the greening target area S, the herbaceous seeds (for example, pasture seeds) 11 having fast germination and growth contained in the first vegetation base material 13 are placed under fertilization of the fast-acting fertilizer 9 and thus are early. Germination and growth, and the spray area A is greened at an early stage, and the initial erosion is effectively prevented. Then, the scattered area B is surrounded by the scattered area A that has been greened earlier,
The runoff and frost heave of the woody seeds 17 and the native seeds 18 contained in the second vegetation base material 20 can be avoided.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (B), a small amount of grass seeds with fast germination and growth are mixed with slow-germinating woody seeds and native seeds 18 under the fertilizer application of slow-acting fertilizer 15. Then, grass seeds germinate and grow in the early stage of construction, but since seeding is small and fertilizer is applied with slow-acting fertilizer, germination is fast but growth is relatively slow, and germination and growth is slow. It does not put pressure on incoming woody species and native species herbs, does not cause germination or growth disorders of the woody species or native species herbs, and, from the early stage after construction, works like a grass seed on the ground surface. Since the plants are covered with plants that germinate and grow quickly, erosion of the surface soil of the construction site can be prevented.
That is, the spraying area B is first greened by herbs that germinate and grow quickly, and then greened by native species herbs. Over time, woody species grow, and this sprayed area is turned into a forest.

[0027]

As described above, the tree planting method according to the present invention by aerial spraying of vegetation base material is carried out in the above-described manner, and a small germinating and growing small amount of wood that covers the vicinity of the ground surface of the wood. Herbs with fast germination and growth, and even herbs of native species mixed as necessary, and herbs with fast germination and growth, such as grass, germinate and grow in separate plots in the area to be replanted, thereby germinating and growing. It is possible to effectively prevent a slow-growing woody plant or a herb of a native species from being pressured by a herb that germinates and grows fast, such as grass.

At this time, the herbaceous seeds that germinate and grow quickly are placed under application of a fast-acting fertilizer, and the initial growth of the herbs is suitably performed. Is sprayed early and the initial erosion is effectively prevented. On the other hand, since the surrounding area of the second vegetation base material is surrounded by early greening herbs, it is possible to avoid the runoff and frost heap of the woody seeds and herbaceous seeds contained in the second vegetation base material. Can be obtained, and the early germinating seeds mixed in a small amount in the second vegetation base material germinate early because they are placed under fertilizer application of a slow-acting fertilizer, but the initial growth is slow, and It covers the ground surface without applying pressure to this species or native species herbs, and effectively exerts prevention of initial erosion even in this second vegetation base material application area.

Thus, following the greening of the first vegetation base spray area, the second vegetation base spray area is first greened slightly coarsely with a small amount of fast-growing herbaceous plants and then the native species. It is greened by herbs, and this green area is made into trees by trees.
For example, pasture and trees / wildflowers can effectively and satisfactorily complete greening.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of material mixing for obtaining first and second vegetation base materials.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of aerial application of a vegetation base material by a helicopter.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of spraying first and second vegetation base materials.

[Explanation of symbols]

9 ... fast-acting fertilizer, 10 ... vegetation material, 11 ... herbaceous seeds with fast germination and growth, 13 ... 1st vegetation base material, 15 ...
Slow-acting fertilizer, 16: vegetation material, 17: woody seed with slow germination and growth, 18: native herbaceous seed, 20: second vegetation base material, H: helicopter , S ... Greening target area.

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A revegetation method in which a vegetation base material containing seeds is sprayed in the air by means of an aircraft such as a helicopter, wherein a herbaceous seed with a fast germination and growth is mixed with a vegetation material mixed with a fast-acting fertilizer. A vegetation base material, and a second vegetation base material in which slow-germinating woody seeds and a small amount of early germinating and growing herbaceous seeds are mixed with a vegetation material mixed with a slow-acting fertilizer,
An aerial spray greening method characterized by aerial spraying on separate plots in a greening target area. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a herbaceous seed of a native species is mixed with the second vegetation base material. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first and second vegetation base materials are colored in different shades.