JP2764401B2 - Modified chitosan - Google Patents

Modified chitosan

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Publication number
JP2764401B2
JP2764401B2 JP63164548A JP16454888A JP2764401B2 JP 2764401 B2 JP2764401 B2 JP 2764401B2 JP 63164548 A JP63164548 A JP 63164548A JP 16454888 A JP16454888 A JP 16454888A JP 2764401 B2 JP2764401 B2 JP 2764401B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
chitosan
organic base
modified
solution
acid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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JP63164548A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0214201A (en
Inventor
昌明 伊藤
栄治 小林
和裕 石川
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HOTSUKAIDO SOODA KK
Original Assignee
HOTSUKAIDO SOODA KK
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Priority to JP63164548A priority Critical patent/JP2764401B2/en
Publication of JPH0214201A publication Critical patent/JPH0214201A/en
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Publication of JP2764401B2 publication Critical patent/JP2764401B2/en
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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (技術分野) 本発明は、キトサンから誘導される新規な物質である
キトサンと有機塩基塩との結合体からなるキトサン変性
物及びその製造方法に関するものである。
Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a modified chitosan comprising a conjugate of chitosan, a novel substance derived from chitosan, and an organic base salt, and a method for producing the same.

(従来技術及びその問題点) キトサンは、天然高分子物質であるキチンのアセトア
ミド基を加水分解することにより得られる遊離アミノ基
を有するD−グルコサミンポリマー構造を有する物質で
ある。この場合の脱アセチル化度は、一般に、65〜100
%である。また、キトサンは、分子量に関しては、比較
的低分子量のものから高分子量のものまで広範囲のもの
が知られている。
(Prior art and its problems) Chitosan is a substance having a D-glucosamine polymer structure having a free amino group obtained by hydrolyzing an acetamido group of chitin, which is a natural polymer substance. The degree of deacetylation in this case is generally between 65 and 100.
%. As for the molecular weight of chitosan, a wide range of chitosans from relatively low molecular weight to high molecular weight is known.

キトサンは、そのままでは水不溶性の取扱いにくいも
のであるため、一般には、水溶性塩の形に変性して使用
される。キトサンの水溶性塩は、キトサンの遊離アミノ
基に無機酸や有機酸を反応させることによって得ること
ができる。この場合、遊離アミノ基に反応させる酸とし
て、特異な性質を有するものを用いることにより、その
酸の持つ特異な性質の付与された水溶性塩を得ることが
できる。このような水溶性塩は、キトサン変性物とし
て、その酸の持つ特異な性質を利用して、各種の分野に
利用される。
Chitosan is insoluble in water as it is and is difficult to handle. Therefore, chitosan is generally used after being modified into a water-soluble salt. A water-soluble salt of chitosan can be obtained by reacting an inorganic acid or an organic acid with a free amino group of chitosan. In this case, by using an acid having a specific property as the acid reacted with the free amino group, a water-soluble salt having the specific property of the acid can be obtained. Such a water-soluble salt is used in various fields as a chitosan-modified product, utilizing the unique properties of the acid.

しかし、キトサンの持つ遊離アミノ基を利用してキト
サンの水溶性塩に変性する方法では、その変性剤はあく
までも有機酸等の酸に限られている。
However, in the method of modifying a chitosan into a water-soluble salt using a free amino group of chitosan, the modifying agent is limited to acids such as organic acids.

チアミン、ピリドキシン等のビタミン類等の有機塩基
によるキトサンの変性が可能になれば、従来の技術では
達成できない興味あるキトサン変性物が得られることは
明らかである。しかしながら、これまで、このような有
機塩基による工業的キトサンの変性法は知られていな
い。
It is clear that if chitosan can be modified with an organic base such as vitamins such as thiamine and pyridoxine, an interesting modified chitosan that cannot be achieved by conventional techniques can be obtained. However, there is no known method for industrially modifying chitosan with such an organic base.

(発明の目的) 本発明は、有機塩基により変性されたキトサン変性物
及びその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
(Object of the Invention) An object of the present invention is to provide a modified chitosan modified with an organic base and a method for producing the same.

(問題点を解決するための手段) 本発明者らは、前記目的を達成すべく鋭意研究を重ね
た結果、キトサンに有機塩基を塩の形で作用させる時に
は、意外にも、キトサンと有機塩基塩との結合体が形成
されることを見出し、本発明を完成するに到った。
(Means for Solving the Problems) As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have unexpectedly found that when an organic base is allowed to act on chitosan in a salt form, chitosan and organic base The inventors have found that a conjugate with a salt is formed, and have completed the present invention.

即ち、本発明によれば、キトサンと有機塩基塩との結
合体からなり、該有機塩基塩の結合割合がキトサン100
重量部当り少なくとも50重量部の割合であることを特徴
とするキトサン変性物が提供される。
That is, according to the present invention, it comprises a conjugate of chitosan and an organic base salt, and the binding ratio of the organic base salt is chitosan 100.
There is provided a modified chitosan characterized by a ratio of at least 50 parts by weight per part by weight.

また、本発明によれば、水性媒体中において、キトサ
ンと有機塩基塩とを、キトサン100重量部当り該有機塩
基塩を少なくとも50重量部の割合で用いて反応させて、
キトサンと有機塩基塩との結合体を生成させることを特
徴とするキトサン変性物の製造方法が提供される。
According to the present invention, in an aqueous medium, chitosan and an organic base salt are reacted using at least 50 parts by weight of the organic base salt per 100 parts by weight of chitosan,
There is provided a method for producing a modified chitosan, which comprises producing a conjugate of chitosan and an organic base salt.

本発明で用いるキトサンは特に制約されず、従来公知
の各種性状のものが用いられる。一般には、脱アセチル
化度70〜95%、分子量40,000〜400,000の範囲のもので
ある。
The chitosan used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and conventionally known various properties can be used. Generally, it has a degree of deacetylation of 70 to 95% and a molecular weight of 40,000 to 400,000.

有機塩基としては、第1級アミノ基、第2級アミノ基
又は第3級アミノ基を有する各種有機アミンが用いられ
る。本発明においては、有機塩基は酸との塩の形で用い
られる。塩形成成分の酸としては、水溶性の有機塩基塩
を形成し得るものであれば任意のものが用いられる。こ
のような酸としては、塩酸、硝酸等の無機酸の他、ギ
酸、酢酸、シュウ酸、マレイン酸、クエン酸等のカルボ
ン酸や、アルキルスルホン酸等の有機酸が挙げられる。
一般には、塩酸が用いられる。有機塩基塩は、常法によ
り、有機塩基と酸とを反応させることにより得られる。
有機塩基塩は、通常、結晶の形で反応に供される。
As the organic base, various organic amines having a primary amino group, a secondary amino group or a tertiary amino group are used. In the present invention, the organic base is used in the form of a salt with an acid. As the acid of the salt-forming component, any acid can be used as long as it can form a water-soluble organic base salt. Examples of such an acid include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, carboxylic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid and citric acid, and organic acids such as alkylsulfonic acid.
Generally, hydrochloric acid is used. The organic base salt is obtained by reacting an organic base with an acid according to a conventional method.
The organic base salt is usually supplied to the reaction in the form of crystals.

本発明は、キトサンに薬学的又は生理的に活性な有機
塩基塩を結合させることにより、薬学的又は生理的活性
を有する高機能化キトサン変性物を得ることができる。
このような目的に用いられる有機塩基としては、例え
ば、ニコチン等のアルカロイド類、チアミン、ピリドキ
シン等のビタミン類の他、アミノ酸、ベタイン、ジフェ
ンヒドラミン(抗ヒスタミン剤)、シプロヘプタジン
(医薬品)等が挙げられる。
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can obtain a highly functionalized modified chitosan having pharmaceutical or physiological activity by binding a pharmaceutically or physiologically active organic base salt to chitosan.
Examples of the organic base used for such a purpose include alkaloids such as nicotine, vitamins such as thiamine and pyridoxine, amino acids, betaine, diphenhydramine (antihistamine), cyproheptadine (medicine) and the like.

また、本発明のキトサン変性物は、一般的に、眼鏡、
車窓ガラス等の曇り防止剤としての用途を有する。有機
塩基塩は、一般的に曇り防止剤として知られているが、
キトサンに結合させることにより、被膜形成性の良い曇
り防止剤を得ることができる。
The modified chitosan of the present invention is generally used for glasses,
It has applications as a fogging inhibitor for car window glass and the like. Organic base salts are generally known as anti-fogging agents,
By binding to chitosan, an antifogging agent having good film-forming properties can be obtained.

本発明のキトサン変性物を好ましく製造するには、有
機塩基塩の精製結晶を水に溶解し、この水溶液にキトサ
ン粉末を加え、撹拌する。このようにして、キトサンに
有機塩基塩が結合したキトサン変性物が水溶液の形で得
られる。この水溶液のpHは、中性領域に近い微酸性を示
す。この場合、キトサンの溶解反応量は、変性剤である
有機塩基塩の種類、量に大きく関係するほか、キトサン
の脱アセチル化度も溶解反応量に関係する。本発明の場
合、有機塩基塩とキトサンの遊離アミノ基とがその有機
塩基に結合する酸を介して結合して溶解するものと考え
られ、脱アセチル化度の高いキトサンの方が高い反応溶
解性を示す。本発明のキトサン変性物は、アルカリ性に
おいて、キトサンと有機塩基とに分離する。
In order to preferably produce the modified chitosan of the present invention, a purified crystal of an organic base salt is dissolved in water, and a chitosan powder is added to the aqueous solution, followed by stirring. In this way, a modified chitosan in which an organic base salt is bound to chitosan is obtained in the form of an aqueous solution. The pH of this aqueous solution is slightly acidic near the neutral region. In this case, the amount of dissolution reaction of chitosan largely depends on the type and amount of the organic base salt as a denaturant, and the degree of deacetylation of chitosan also depends on the amount of dissolution reaction. In the case of the present invention, it is considered that the organic base salt and the free amino group of chitosan are bonded and dissolved via an acid bonded to the organic base, and chitosan having a higher degree of deacetylation has higher reaction solubility. Is shown. The modified chitosan of the present invention separates into chitosan and an organic base under alkaline conditions.

キトサンに対する有機塩基塩の結合割合は、キトサン
に対してその有機塩基塩の機能を実質的に付与するよう
な割合であればよく、通常、キトサン100重量部当り少
なくとも50重量部の割合である。
The binding ratio of the organic base salt to chitosan may be a ratio that substantially imparts the function of the organic base salt to chitosan, and is usually at least 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of chitosan.

(発明の効果) 本発明のキトサン変性物は、原料キトサンの分子量と
溶解濃度に対応した粘度を持ち、そのpHは5〜6を示
す。このキトサン変性物の水溶液は、従来のキトサン水
溶性塩の場合と同様に、粉末や、成形品の原料として用
いることができる。成形品としては、フィルム状、シー
ト状の他、タブレット状等の各種形状のものが挙げられ
る。
(Effect of the Invention) The modified chitosan of the present invention has a viscosity corresponding to the molecular weight and dissolution concentration of the raw material chitosan, and its pH is 5 to 6. The aqueous solution of the modified chitosan can be used as a powder or as a raw material of a molded article, as in the case of a conventional water-soluble chitosan salt. Examples of the molded product include various shapes such as a tablet shape in addition to a film shape and a sheet shape.

本発明のキトサン変性物は、すぐれた被膜形成性と保
湿性を有し、その水溶液から得られた塗布被膜はベトツ
キのない、保湿性にすぐれたものである。この塗布被膜
は、有機塩基塩を含むことから、眼鏡、車窓ガラス等の
曇り防止にも有用である。
The modified chitosan of the present invention has excellent film-forming properties and moisture retention, and the coating film obtained from the aqueous solution is free of stickiness and excellent in moisture retention. Since this coating film contains an organic base salt, it is also useful for preventing fogging of eyeglasses, window glass, and the like.

本発明のキトサン変性物は、必要に応じ、その用途に
適した他の成分を添加した組成物として、化粧品、医用
材料、食品等の分野において有利に利用される。
The modified chitosan of the present invention is advantageously used in the fields of cosmetics, medical materials, foods and the like as a composition to which other components suitable for the intended use are added, if necessary.

(実施例) 次に本発明を実施例によりさらに詳細に説明する。(Example) Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.

なお、以下の実施例において用いたキトサン(a)〜
(d)の性状は次の通りである。この場合、キトサンの
粘度はキトサンを1重量%酢酸水溶液100gに1g溶解した
溶液についてのものであり、脱アセチル化度は赤外分光
測定法により測定したものである。
In addition, chitosan (a) used in the following Examples-
The properties of (d) are as follows. In this case, the viscosity of chitosan is a value obtained by dissolving 1 g of chitosan in 100 g of a 1% by weight aqueous acetic acid solution, and the degree of deacetylation is measured by infrared spectrometry.

実施例1 水1000mlに有機塩基塩を溶解し、この溶液にキトサン
を添加し、撹拌下で溶解反応させた後、未溶解キトサン
を濾別した。このようにして得られたキトサン変性物水
溶液中のキトサン溶解量及び溶液の性状を表−2に示
す。
Example 1 An organic base salt was dissolved in 1000 ml of water, chitosan was added to this solution, and a dissolution reaction was performed with stirring, and undissolved chitosan was filtered off. Table 2 shows the amount of chitosan dissolved in the aqueous solution of the modified chitosan thus obtained and the properties of the solution.

実施例2 実施例1において得られたキトサン変性物溶液(I)
〜(IV)の乾燥による被膜形成性、磨砕性及び成形性に
ついて以下に例示する。
Example 2 Modified chitosan solution (I) obtained in Example 1
The film forming property, grinding property, and moldability by drying of (IV) are exemplified below.

(1)被膜化 溶液(I)〜(IV)を、ガラス板上に流延し、35℃で
乾燥した所、表面のべときつがない被膜状物とすること
ができた。この被膜を25℃、湿度70%の雰囲気中に放置
したが、被膜の外観は変らなかった。溶液(III)及び
(IV)は被膜性が特に優れていた。
(1) Coating The solutions (I) to (IV) were cast on a glass plate and dried at 35 ° C. to give a coating having no rough surface. The coating was left in an atmosphere of 25 ° C. and 70% humidity, but the appearance of the coating did not change. The solutions (III) and (IV) had particularly excellent coating properties.

(2)粉末化 溶液(I)〜(IV)を常圧加熱乾燥及び凍結減圧乾燥
後、乳鉢で粉砕した。常圧加熱乾燥物の磨砕性は特に溶
液(I)からのものが優れ、溶液(II)からのものが、
これに次いだが、凍結減圧乾燥物においては、いずれの
溶液からのものも容易に粉末化することが可能であっ
た。
(2) Powderization The solutions (I) to (IV) were heated and dried under reduced pressure under normal pressure, and then pulverized in a mortar. The grindability of the heat-dried product under normal pressure is particularly excellent from the solution (I), and from the solution (II),
Subsequent to this, in the case of the freeze-dried vacuum-dried product, it was possible to easily powder any of the solutions.

(3)成形化 溶液(I)〜(IV)を凍結乾燥することにより、多孔
質成形体を得ることができた。成形体の物理的性質は、
キトサン変性物の種類のほか、原料キトサンの種類によ
っても変化した。
(3) Molding By freeze-drying the solutions (I) to (IV), a porous molded body could be obtained. The physical properties of the compact are
In addition to the type of chitosan modified product, it also changed depending on the type of raw material chitosan.

実施例3 溶液(I)及びその乾燥被膜について、その紫外線吸
収性を測定した。
Example 3 The UV absorption of the solution (I) and its dried film was measured.

ピリドキシン塩酸塩水溶液はそれ自体に紫外線吸収性
を有しており、ピリドキシン塩酸塩変性キトサン溶液
(I)並びにその乾燥被膜の紫外線吸収性について分光
光度計によって測定した。その結果、いずれの場合も、
280〜300nmの波長範囲及び320〜340nmの波長範囲内に紫
外線の吸収が認められ、その強度はピリドキシン塩酸塩
水溶液と同程度であった。この結果から、ピリドキシン
の持つ紫外線吸収特性は、キトサン変性物に保持され、
溶液及び被膜の状態においても発現されることが確認さ
れた。
The aqueous pyridoxine hydrochloride solution itself has ultraviolet absorption, and the ultraviolet absorption of the pyridoxine hydrochloride-modified chitosan solution (I) and its dried film was measured by a spectrophotometer. As a result, in each case,
Ultraviolet absorption was observed in the wavelength range of 280 to 300 nm and the wavelength range of 320 to 340 nm, and the intensity was almost the same as that of the pyridoxine hydrochloride aqueous solution. From this result, the ultraviolet absorption property of pyridoxine is retained by the chitosan modified product,
It was confirmed that it was also expressed in the state of a solution and a film.

実施例4 水1000mlにアニリン硝酸塩10gを溶解し、この溶液(p
H3.0)にキトサン10gを添加し、撹拌下で溶解反応させ
てキトサン変性物水溶液を得た。この溶液のpHは5.8を
示した。また、このものは、これを実施例2の場合と同
様にして被膜化したところ、表面べとつきのない被膜を
与えることが確認された。
Example 4 10 g of aniline nitrate was dissolved in 1000 ml of water.
H3.0), 10 g of chitosan was added, and a dissolution reaction was carried out with stirring to obtain a chitosan-modified aqueous solution. The pH of this solution showed 5.8. When this was formed into a film in the same manner as in Example 2, it was confirmed that a film having no stickiness on the surface was obtained.

実施例5 本発明のキトサン変性物がキトサンと有機塩基塩との
混合物ではなく、結合体であることを確認するために、
キトサンをベタイン塩酸塩溶液に溶解させた溶液につい
て、薄層クロマトグラフ法によりその結合状態の検討を
行った。この場合、比較物質として、ベタイン塩酸塩溶
液及びベタイン水和物溶液を用いた。
Example 5 In order to confirm that the modified chitosan of the present invention was not a mixture of chitosan and an organic base salt but a conjugate,
The binding state of chitosan dissolved in betaine hydrochloride solution was examined by thin-layer chromatography. In this case, betaine hydrochloride solution and betaine hydrate solution were used as comparative substances.

前記各溶液を、薄層プレート(セルロース系、商品名
「アビセル・SF−052」)上で展開剤(アセトン:メタ
ノール:水系)で1時間展開後、ヨウ素で発色させ、Rf
値(移動率)を測定した。その結果は、ベタイン塩酸
塩:Rf=0.68、ベタイン水加物:Rf=0.58に対し、上記溶
解液はRf=0であり、分離した他の物質は認められなか
った。
Each of the above solutions was developed on a thin layer plate (cellulose, trade name “Avicel SF-052”) with a developing agent (acetone: methanol: water) for 1 hour, and then developed with iodine to give Rf.
The value (transfer rate) was measured. As a result, the betaine hydrochloride: Rf = 0.68 and betaine hydrate: Rf = 0.58, whereas the above solution had Rf = 0, and no other separated substance was observed.

以上の結果から、キトサンと溶解反応したベタイン塩
酸塩はキトサンとの結合体となっているものと判断され
る。
From the above results, it is determined that betaine hydrochloride that has dissolved and reacted with chitosan is a conjugate with chitosan.

応用例 実施例1で得られたキトサン変性物溶液は、水溶液も
しくは希エタノール溶液として皮膚用化粧品基材とする
ことができる。この溶液に一般的に用いられる化粧品原
料を溶解あるいは分散させることにより各種の皮膚用化
粧品を得ることができる。
Application Example The chitosan-modified product solution obtained in Example 1 can be used as a cosmetic base material for skin as an aqueous solution or a dilute ethanol solution. Various skin cosmetics can be obtained by dissolving or dispersing commonly used cosmetic raw materials in this solution.

以下にパック剤としての基本組成物について例示す
る。
Hereinafter, the basic composition as a pack agent will be exemplified.

(i)組成物(I) 溶液(I) 1000重量部 尿素 50 〃 (ii)組成物(II) 溶液(II) 1000重量部 グルコン酸亜鉛 4 〃 エタノール 600 〃 (iii)組成物(III) 溶液(III) 1000重量部 尿素 50 〃 パントテン酸カルシウム 1 〃 ラノリン 2重量部 エタノール 200 〃(I) Composition (I) solution (I) 1000 parts by weight urea 50〃 (ii) Composition (II) solution (II) 1000 parts by weight zinc gluconate 4〃 ethanol 600〃 (iii) composition (III) solution (III) 1000 parts by weight urea 50 カ ル シ ウ ム calcium pantothenate 1 〃 lanolin 2 parts by weight ethanol 200

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭63−72702(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6,DB名) C08B 37/08────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-63-72702 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) C08B 37/08

Claims (2)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】キトサンと有機塩基塩との結合体からな
り、該有機塩基塩の結合割合がキトサン100重量部当り
少なくとも50重量部の割合であることを特徴とするキト
サン変性物。
1. A modified chitosan comprising a conjugate of chitosan and an organic base salt, wherein the binding ratio of the organic base salt is at least 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of chitosan.
【請求項2】水性媒体中において、キトサンと有機塩基
塩とを、キトサン100重量部当り該有機塩基塩を少なく
とも50重量部の割合で用いて反応させて、キトサンと該
有機塩基塩との結合体を生成させることを特徴とするキ
トサン変性物の製造方法。
2. The reaction between chitosan and an organic base salt in an aqueous medium using at least 50 parts by weight of the organic base salt per 100 parts by weight of chitosan to form a bond between the chitosan and the organic base salt. A method for producing a modified chitosan, which comprises producing a body.
JP63164548A 1988-06-30 1988-06-30 Modified chitosan Expired - Fee Related JP2764401B2 (en)

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JP63164548A JP2764401B2 (en) 1988-06-30 1988-06-30 Modified chitosan

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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JPH0214201A JPH0214201A (en) 1990-01-18
JP2764401B2 true JP2764401B2 (en) 1998-06-11

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100348804B1 (en) * 1998-12-07 2002-11-18 주식회사 태평양 A chitosanglucono delta lactone salt and a method for preparing of oligochitosan using the same
EA200870059A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2008-12-30 ДиЭнПи КЭНАДА ИНК. CHITINA DERIVATIVES FOR USE IN HYPERLIPIDEMIA

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0623203B2 (en) * 1986-09-17 1994-03-30 大日精化工業株式会社 Stabilized chitosan

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JPH0214201A (en) 1990-01-18

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