JP2764160B2 - Metal frame construction method, wooden frame structure for wooden building, connecting metal fittings and connecting metal fitting unit therefor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of assembling a bracket for a wooden building, a bracket assembling structure, and a connecting bracket and a connecting bracket set therefor. Related to improved technology.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a substantial amount of wooden houses in Japan have been built by a conventional frame construction method. In such a frame construction method, foundations, columns, girders, beams, body gaps and the like are not included. The intersection is joined by inserting a tenon formed on one of the connection surfaces into a tenon formed on the other. Such a tenon,
Conventionally, a carpenter takes a long time in a work hut to process a mortise or the like at a single location, but it is inefficient in spite of requiring advanced carpentry techniques. In addition, the successor of carpenters is also very short, and it is undeniable that carpenters have drastically decreased and their technical level has declined. Under these circumstances, in recent years, the pre-cut system that pre-processes the mortise and mortise at the factory has been improved, and has made considerable progress compared to conventional carpentry processing.

[0003]

However, the processing shape is a tenon / mortise shape which is almost the same as the conventional type.
Despite the increasing need for component strength, there has been little improvement in the field. In other words, in the conventional framing method, even if the processing is streamlined by the pre-cut system, the formation of tenons and tenon holes causes large cross-sectional defects in the timber that is the structural material, which is a constraint on improving durability and earthquake resistance. .
In addition, to reinforce this point, it is also practiced to hit a reinforcing metal fitting from the outside at the joint between the tenon and the tenon, but there is a limit to the improvement of durability, etc. The work load for the punching is large, and the material cost is increased.

[0004] It is an object of the present invention to improve the durability and seismic resistance by solving the problem of cross-sectional defects, which is a drawback of the wooden frame construction method, and to improve the parts and uniformity of members in the frame construction method. The object of the present invention is to reduce the cost of a wooden house by reducing the number of parts relying on the skill of craftsmen and by basically eliminating the need for metal fittings.

[0005]

According to the present invention, in place of the tenon and tenon in the conventional framing method, slits for inserting plate-shaped connecting fittings are formed in both structural members to be connected. The different parts of the connecting fittings are inserted into the slits, and the connecting fittings are respectively fixed to the structural members to be joined by a shaft-shaped fixing member such as a draft pin or a screw.

More specifically, for example, in a wooden structural material including a vertical member such as a foundation and a pillar of a wooden building, a horizontal member such as a girder, a beam, and a body, as set forth in claim 1, In order to connect one structural member and one or more second structural members via a plate-shaped connecting member at these intersections, the plate-shaped connecting member is connected to a connection portion of the first structural member. First to insert part of
A second side slit is formed to insert another portion of the connection fitting into a connection portion of the second structural member. The first and second side slits
At least one of them is closed at one or both sides at a specified depth
It is made into a bag shape. Then, a part of the connection fitting is inserted into the slit on the first side, and a shaft such as a draft pin or a screw is inserted into a penetrating portion formed from the outside of the first structural member at the insertion portion on the first side of the connection fitting. A part of the connection fitting is fixed to the first structural member by projecting a fixing member in a shape of a circle. Also, the other part of the connection fitting is inserted into the slit of the second structural material, and a draft pin or a draft pin is inserted into a penetrating part formed from the outside of the second structural material to the insertion part on the second side of the connection fitting. The other part of the connection fitting is fixed to the second structural member by protruding a shaft-shaped fixing member such as a screw. As a result, the first structural member and the second structural member are integrally connected via the plate-shaped connection fitting.

A slit is formed in the opening of each structural material to be connected as described above, and a plate-like connecting metal fitting is inserted into each slit, and fixed by a shaft-shaped fixing member such as a draft pin. Unlike conventional mortises and mortises, the connection of the structural material has a small slit in area compared to the size of the structural material. Compared with the joining of the structural materials, the cross-sectional defect of the structural material is remarkably reduced, and the durability and the earthquake resistance of the joint of the structural material are improved. In addition, the above slit has a predetermined depth on one side or
Has a bag-like shape with both sides closed,
The strength is further increased, and the slits and
Connection is also easy. Also, by joining with the plate-like connecting metal and the fixing member such as the slit and the draft pin, a sufficient bonding reinforcement through the connecting metal inside the structural material is ensured. Basically, it is not necessary, and the material cost of such reinforcing metal fittings and the work load are eliminated.

Furthermore, since it is easy to make the slit structure of the connection part of the structural material to be connected, the shape of the connecting fitting, etc. as a whole and to make them into parts as a whole, such a part unit is pre-processed in a factory. If you assemble it on site, carpenters do not need to be highly skilled, and they are easy to process and assemble, eliminating the shortage of craftsmen and lowering the cost of wooden houses. it can. In addition, most of the metal fittings are in the wood, so even if there is a fire, the metal fittings will not directly hit the fire, and the heat will deform the metal fittings, making the structure of the wooden house itself unrepairable. Can cover the disadvantages.

Further, when connecting a quadrangular column to the base or connecting the horizontal member to the upper part of the column as in claim 2, in the longitudinal direction of the column from the joint surface of the column. The slit can be formed in a bag shape that does not appear on the outer surface of the column other than the connection surface. Furthermore, in the direction traversing the bag-shaped slit, the amount of insertion of the shaft-shaped fixing member such as a draft pin into the column and its insertion hole should not reach the column outer surface opposite to the insertion side. Set shorter. Thereby, the three surfaces of the pillar except for the surface on the insertion side such as the draft pin can be made decorative surfaces. This is because the metal fittings appear on the outer surface of the pillar and cannot be used as a decorative surface with the conventional reinforcing metal fittings that are hit from the outside.
For this reason, the use places of the metal fittings are limited, but in the present invention, the metal fittings are hidden inside the pillar and cannot be seen outside, which means that the metal fitting can be used positively also on the decorative surface of the pillar. Further, when the outer surface of the pillar into which the draft pin or the like is driven is, for example, at the lower part of the pillar and is hidden by a tatami mat or the like, the four faces of the pillar can be substantially made decorative.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, an upper closing slit can be formed in the horizontal member for the connecting fitting projecting laterally from the vertical member. The upper closing slit is opened downward so that the horizontal member can be dropped into the protruding portion of the connecting fitting from above, but the upper end has a dead end form, and the upper end has a slit. A portion of the wood that does not penetrate is left for a predetermined thickness. Then, the horizontal member is assembled so as to ride on the protruding portion of the connection fitting from above at the upper closing slit, and is fixed to the connection fitting by a shaft-shaped fixing member such as a draft pin. According to such a construction method, since the horizontal member is straddled on the connecting bracket, even when the fixing member such as the draft pin is dropped or broken, the horizontal member is straddled by itself. Supported by the above-mentioned connecting fitting. Therefore, the safety at the time of construction is high, and the durability and earthquake resistance afterwards are also excellent.

In addition, the bag-shaped so-called closed slit on both sides as in claim 2 or the one-side closed slit closed on one side and closed on the other side as described in claim 3 can be used as described above. In addition to such effects, cross-section loss of the wood joint is extremely reduced, which is more preferable from the viewpoint of securing high durability and high earthquake resistance.

Further, a notch portion for dropping a shaft-shaped fixing member such as a draft pin can be formed in a protruding portion of the connecting fitting protruding laterally from the vertical member. On the other hand, the shaft-shaped fixing member is preset at the upper end of the upper closing slit of the horizontal member so as to cross the slit. Then, when dropping the horizontal member into the projecting portion of the connecting bracket, the preset shaft-shaped fixing member is dropped into the notch and positioned, and the horizontal member is further connected to the connecting bracket with another shaft-shaped fixing member. Fix it. In this way, by dropping the mating shaft-shaped fixing member into the notch of the connecting metal, the horizontal member can be easily positioned with respect to the connecting metal, and the horizontal member can be easily attached to the vertical member. It can be carried out.

The above-mentioned draft pin can be preferably used as the shaft-shaped fixing member. The draft pin is formed on the shaft-shaped pin leg and one end thereof. A head having a flat shape or the like and having a head partially projecting laterally from the pin leg can be used. As a result of the draft pin being driven into a pin hole formed in the structural material, the pin leg portion is passed through a through-hole such as a through-hole formed in the connection fitting, and the connection fitting is fixed and the draft pin is fixed. The head of the pin bites into the opening of the pin hole and is prevented from falling off. Also, the previously driven draft pin can be dropped into the notch of the connecting fitting as described above.

According to claim 5, from the foundation of the wooden building,
If these structural materials are connected to the columns, trunks, girders, beams, shed bundles, purlins, purlins, etc. by the connecting fittings and shaft-shaped fixing members, not only individual joints but also wooden houses The overall durability and seismic resistance of wooden buildings are improved.

It is desirable that the slit formed in the base or the horizontal member as the structural material is formed so as to be substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the base or the horizontal member. By doing so, it is possible to avoid cutting the fiber of the wood of the base or the cross member, and not to reduce the strength of the wood.

Further, in a case where the pillar is assembled to the base via the above-mentioned connecting fitting, for example, one point of the connecting fitting can be rotated around one axis with a draft pin or the like with respect to the base. After inserting the free end of the connecting bracket into the slit of the column in an oblique or tilted state and fixing it with a draft pin or the like, it was rotated to raise this column, etc., and it became upright. Later, the connection fitting can be fixed to the base with another draft pin or the like. In this way, the work required when the column is erected perpendicular to the base is reduced, and the positioning can be easily performed.

Claim 9 shows that the present technology can be grasped not only as a construction method but also as a bracket structure of a wooden building.

Claims 10 and 11 exemplify connecting brackets suitable for the above-described bracket framing method or bracket framing structure, and the details thereof are as described in each claim. A tenth aspect of the present invention is a two-sided protruding connection fitting projecting from both sides of the vertical member, and an eleventh aspect is a one-sided protruding connection fitting projecting to one side of the vertical member. In any case, these two types of long and short connection metal fittings are provided with a combination notch groove that engages with each other at the time of coupling with a mating connection metal fitting, and
A notch is provided for dropping the shaft-shaped fixing member. The notch is formed symmetrically so that it can be used even if it is turned upside down. Thus, these connection fittings can be used in a posture in which the combination cut groove is opened upward, or in a posture in which the combination cut groove is opened downward and the combination cut groove is opened downward.

As described in claim 12, these two types of long and short connecting metal fittings (two-sided protruding connecting metal and one-side protruding connecting metal) are prepared, and the longer one is used alone for the vertical member. It becomes an I-shaped connecting metal fitting for connecting the horizontal members in a straight line. Furthermore, by two long ones, it becomes a cross connection fitting unit for connecting the horizontal member to the vertical member in a cross shape,
The combination of the long one and the short one constitutes a T-shaped connection fitting unit for connecting the horizontal member to the vertical member in a T-shape.
Furthermore, an L-shaped connection fitting unit for connecting the horizontal member to the vertical member in an L shape by using two short members. In this way, the I-shaped, cross, T
It is possible to cope with four types of connection forms, i.e., shape and L-shape, so that the cost of the metal fittings is low and easy to manage. In addition, there is an advantage that the work efficiency is good because the operator is not troublesome when using the metal fittings on site. .

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example of a wooden house having a frame structure. In a structural material such as an example, as shown in FIG. 2, for example, a base 1 and a pillar 2 such as a through pillar as a vertical material are formed in a plate shape. Are connected via the connection fitting 3. A slit 4 is formed on the upper surface of the base 1, and a slit 5 is formed on a lower end of the column 2. The connecting fitting 3 is a first portion 3 a inserted into the slit 4 of the base 1. And a second portion 3b inserted into the slit 5 of the pillar 2 is formed in an L-shape.

The column 2 is seated on the upper surface of the base 1 as shown in FIG. 3, but the first portion 3a of the above-mentioned metal fitting 3 is accommodated in the slit 4 and is driven from the side as shown in FIG. The base portion 1 is fixed to the base 1 by a draft pin (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a pin) 6, and the second portion 3 b of the metal fitting 3 is accommodated in the slit 5 of the column 2 and is driven by a pin 6 driven from the side. It is fixed to the lower end of the column 2. For example, two pin holes 7 are formed on the base 1 so as to intersect the slit 4 at a right angle, and a pin hole 8 is also formed at the lower end of the column 2 in a direction intersecting the slit 5 at a right angle. . Further, a through hole 9 is formed in the first part 3a of the connection fitting 3 so as to penetrate in the thickness direction. The through hole 9 matches the pin hole 7 of the base 1, and the second part 3b of the fitting 3 is formed. Also, a through-hole 10 is formed, which coincides with the pin hole 8 of the column 2.

The draft pin 6 is, as exemplified in FIG.
It has a shaft-shaped pin leg 6a having a circular cross section and a flat elliptical head 6b connected to one end thereof, and these two portions are smoothly connected to each other. Part 6
The diameter of the pin leg 6a is larger than the diameter of the pin leg 6a by a certain amount, and the pin leg 6a protrudes to both sides from the surface. Such a draft pin 6 is driven into the pin hole 7 of the base 1 as shown in FIG. 2, and passes through the through hole 9 of the metal fitting 3 to fix the first portion 3a of the metal fitting 3 to the base 1 inside. As shown in FIG. 4, the head 6b bites into the opening of the pin hole 7 and is prevented from falling off. Similarly, on the pillar 2 side, the pin 6 driven from the pin hole 8 penetrates the through hole 10 of the fitting 3 to fix the second portion 3b of the fitting 3 to the pillar 2, and the head 6b has the pin hole. 8 is cut off and stopped.

The slit 4 formed in the base 1 is formed so as to be substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the base 1, for example, as shown in FIG. In other words, when the slit 4 is formed in the direction crossing the base 1, the fiber of the tree is cut, and the strength is reduced. By forming the slit 4 in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the base 1, The influence on the strength of the base 1 can be hardly generated. Then, as shown in FIG.
With the connection between the mortar and the pillar 2, the cross-section loss of the timber connection surface at these connection portions (joining portions) is significantly reduced as compared with the combination of mortise and tenon holes, and has a highly durable and highly earthquake-resistant frame structure. Become.

As shown in FIG. 6 (a), the slit 5 formed in the connection surface at the lower end of the column 2 extends from the connection surface in the longitudinal direction of the column to a portion other than the connection surface. It is formed in a bag shape that does not appear on the outer surface of the column. In other words, the slits 5 open in a so-called confined line segment in the connection surface of the column 2, and both ends of the line segment are located in a closed form in the connection surface. The size of the slit 5 is, for example, a slit thickness of 6 to 7 mm and a height (line segment length) of, for example, 60 to 7 mm.
The depth can be about 70 mm, and the depth (depth) can be about 180 mm. The size of the pillar 2 is, for example, 60
A range of about × 60 mm to about 150 × 150 mm is preferable. The size of the pillar 2 is, for example, 10
There are many sizes of about 5 to 120 squares, which are suitable for such a thing. The thickness and the size (the second portion 3b and the like) of the connection fitting 3 are determined by the slits 5 of the column 2.
Is formed slightly smaller than the thickness, height and depth of the bracket 3 so that the metal fitting 3 can be easily inserted into the slit 5.

As shown in FIG. 6B, a pin hole 8 which crosses the slit 5 in the lateral direction is formed from one side surface of the column 2 and is formed so as not to reach the opposite side surface. I have. Also, the length of the draft pin 6 is set slightly shorter than the pin hole 8, and as a result of the driving of the draft pin 6, as shown in FIG.
However, the slit 5, the pin hole 8 and the pin 6 do not appear at all on the three surfaces B, C and D of the column except the column side A where the pin hole 8 opens. Therefore, these three surfaces B, C and D can be used as decorative surfaces of the pillar 2. Further, as shown in FIG. 4D, the column side A where the head of the pin 6 is exposed also
When the lower end portion of the pillar is hidden under the tatami mat 90 or the like, substantially all of the four pillar faces, including this pillar side face A and the other pillar outer faces B, C, and D, can be used as decorative faces.

In forming the bag-shaped slit 5 as shown in FIG. 6A, for example, as shown in FIG. 6E, the cutting device 12 mainly composed of the chain saw 11 is preferably used. Can be used. The chain saw-type cutting device 12 is arranged such that its main body 12a moves forward by, for example, a guide rail 12b, and the chainsaw 11 at its head portion moves forward toward the column 2 which has been positioned and fixed in advance. A closed bag-shaped slit 5 is formed in the longitudinal direction of the pillar 2 from the connection surface of the column 2. Such a chain saw type cutting device 12 is inexpensive, and therefore, the processing cost can be reduced.

FIG. 7 shows the connection of the column 2 to the base 1
This facilitates the assembling of the pillars 2 when connecting via the. That is, the metal fitting 13 itself is basically the same as the metal fitting 3 of FIG. 2, but when the first portion 13a of the metal fitting 13 is inserted into the slit 4 of the base 1, one of the metal fittings 13 is first inserted into the through hole 9 at the tip end thereof. The pin 13 is driven into a state in which the metal fitting 13 can be tilted around the pin 6 so as to fall out from the slit 4 upward. Then, the second part 13 of the metal fitting 13 is set in a state where the metal fitting 13 is tilted by an appropriate angle.
After inserting b into the slit 5 of the column 2, both are fixed with the pin 6. After that, when the column 2 is raised together with the metal fitting 13, the metal fitting 13 rotates around the pin 6 in the counterclockwise direction in the drawing, and the column 2 stands upright. Then, the metal fitting 73
The pin 13 is driven into the other through hole 9 of the first portion 13a to fix the metal fitting 13 to the base 1. By doing so, the pillar 2 can be easily erected, and can be easily fixed to the base 1. The tip of the first metal part 13a is formed in an arc shape to allow the above-described rotation.

In FIG. 2, the upper part of the column 2 is formed by connecting the column 2 with connecting members 15, 16 such as a beam 13 or a girder 14 and the like.
2 shows a structure linked via a. A slit 17 is formed in the column 2 at right angles to one outer surface thereof, and another slit 18 is formed in the column outer surface differing from this by 90 degrees. A plate-shaped connection fitting 15 is inserted into the slit 17, and another connection fitting 16 is inserted into the slit 18. The slit 17 has a height larger than the slit 18 by a predetermined amount. This is because, after insertion, a space is secured for inserting and dropping the metal fitting 15 so as to mesh with this.

FIG. 8A shows the slits 17 and 18 described above. These slits can be formed in the form of dead ends from the cut side as shown in FIG. As shown in c), it may be formed in a cross shape as a whole so as to penetrate the outer surface of the opposite column. Then, as shown in (d), the beam 13 or the spar 14 and the column 2 are connected via the connection fittings 15 and 16. The metal fittings 15 and 16 will be described in more detail later.
As shown in FIG. 2, a notch 19 that is open in a U-shape or a V-shape is formed on a protruding portion of the bracket 15 from the column 2.
A similar notch 2 is also provided at a protruding portion of the bracket 16 from the column 2.
0 is formed. These notches 19 and 20 are for dropping pins 6 preset in a beam 13 or the like as a horizontal member, for example, and pass the pins 6 to be driven after the drop into the metal fittings 15 and 16. An appropriate number of through holes 21 and 22 are formed.

As shown in FIG. 9, the horizontal members such as the beam 13 and the girder 14 have slits 23 extending in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal member from the connection surface.
Are formed. This slit 23 is open at the lower side, but has a dead end form at the upper side, and is an upper closing slit in which the wood portion remains without being cut at the upper side. Such a slit 23 can be cut by circular sawing as shown in FIG. 9A, or, as shown in FIG. 9B, the chainsaw cutting device 12 shown in FIG. And can be formed in a form opened downward. Further, in the horizontal member such as the beam 13, for example, three pin holes 24 are provided so as to cross the slit 23, of which the pin holes 24 a on the connection surface side preset the pins 6 in advance. And the remaining pin hole 24b
However, after the drop, the fixing pin is driven.

Then, as shown in FIG.
The pin 13 is previously driven by driving the pin 6 so as to cross the slit 23 of the column 2 and the beam 13 is connected to the connection fitting 1 of the column 2 in this state.
5 is dropped from above. As a result, the preset pin 6 fits into the notch 19 at the upper end edge of the metal fitting 15 and is positioned.
The fixing pin 6 is driven in from the pin hole 24b on the side of No. 3 to penetrate the through hole 21 of the metal fitting 15, and the beam 13 and the metal fitting 15 are firmly integrated.

That is, as a result of the upper closing slit 23 of the beam 13 being dropped so as to ride on the metal fitting 15 from above, the beam 13 straddles the metal fitting 15 from above as shown in the lowermost stage of FIG. . Therefore, even if the pin 6 does not exist, the beam 13 is stably supported by the metal fitting 15 and furthermore, the fixing pin 6 is driven into the beam 13 to realize a strong integral connection between the horizontal member and the column. I do. In FIG. 2, the metal fittings 15 and 16 are fixed to the column 2 by pins driven from pin holes 27 and 28 formed in the column 2 at right angles thereto.

Next, specific examples of metal fittings used for connecting the horizontal members such as the beams 13 and the spar 14 in FIG. 2 to the vertical members such as the columns 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. . The plate-like connecting metal fitting 30 shown in FIG.
And a two-sided insertion part (projection part) 30b and 30c protruding from both sides of the column 2 thereof. In the center insertion portion 30a, a notch groove 32 for engaging with the other metal fitting is cut from one edge in the height direction of the metal fitting, and almost reaches the central part of the metal fitting. An appropriate number of through holes 33 are provided on both sides of the cut groove 32 and through which pins 6 for fixing the center insertion portion 30a to the column 2 pass. Each insertion part 30b on both sides
And 30c, a notch 34 for dropping the above-mentioned pin 6 is formed symmetrically with respect to a reference line at the center in the height direction of the bracket at the upper edge and the lower edge, and is inserted into each side. In the vicinity of the outer ends of the portions 30b and 30a, pin holes 35 for pin insertion for fixing to the horizontal members are formed vertically symmetrically.

Then, as shown in FIG. 16, the two cut-out fittings (long metal fittings) 30 on both sides are engaged with each other in a state where the openings of the cut-out grooves 32 face each other. Together (dropped together) they can be connected in a cross. At this time, the notch 34 for dropping, the pin hole 35, and the like are formed in a vertically symmetrical shape, so that one of the same (one kind of) metal fittings 30 is combined in an upright state and the other is turned upside down. Then, a situation where the notch 34 is always located on the upper side can be obtained.

FIG. 12 shows a one-sided protruding connection fitting 37, which is different from the two-sided protruding connection fitting 30 of FIG. 11 in that the insertion portion 30c on one side thereof is omitted. The rest is substantially the same, and the notch 34 and the pin hole 35 are formed symmetrically in the vertical direction. Therefore, the cutout portion 34 for dropping is always located at the upper end edge regardless of whether the cut groove 32 faces upward or downward.

By combining the long metal fittings 30 and the short metal fittings 37 as shown in FIG. 17, for example, a T-shaped metal fitting unit is formed. As shown in FIG. 18, two short metal fittings 37 are provided. By combining them, an L-shaped bracket unit can be obtained. To summarize the above, Figure 1
As shown in FIG. 20, four types of usage patterns are possible with only one type of metal fitting 30 and one type of metal fitting 37 of FIG. (A) is a long metal fitting 3
0 is an I-shaped connection for connecting two horizontal members in a straight line with respect to the column 2, and (b) shows a combination of two long metal fittings 30 to form four columns with two columns. It is a cross connection that connects the horizontal members in a cross shape. (C) is a long metal fitting 30
And three short brackets 37, the three horizontal members are
T-shaped connection connecting in a letter shape, (d) shows two short metal fittings 37
Is an L-shaped connection for connecting two horizontal members to the column 2 in an L-shape.

The metal fitting 30 'shown in FIG.
Fittings 30b, 30c on both sides of the fitting 30
In addition, a grip opening 39 is additionally formed, as shown in FIG.
The metal fitting 37 'of No. 4 has the same gripping opening 39 as the metal fitting 37 of FIG. The grip opening 39 is provided to make it easier for the worker to insert the metal fittings 30 ′ and 37 ′ into the slits of the pillar. For example, as shown in FIG. 15, the worker grasps four fingers except the thumb, puts it into the opening 39, grasps the end of the fitting, and in this state, the fitting 3
If 0 'or 37' is inserted into the slit of the pillar, the insertion work can be easily performed.

By the way, for example, the fitting 30 shown in FIG.
In the second metal fitting 37, as schematically shown in FIG.
A load supporting the horizontal member acts on both ends of the metal fitting 30 in a downward direction. Therefore, when the cut groove 32 is downward, a deformation load acts on the metal fitting 30 in a direction to close the cut groove 32. However, since the other metal fitting is engaged with the cut groove 32,
It can withstand the load in that direction. On the other hand, the cut groove 3
In the case where 2 is upward, a deformation load is applied in a direction in which it is opened, and this is endured by the material strength of the fitting 30. Therefore, when supporting a relatively long and heavy beam such as a beam, the metal fitting 30 is used so that the cut groove 32 faces downward, and a relatively short and light beam such as a girder is supported. It is desirable that the metal fitting 30 on the side to be used is used with the cut groove 32 facing upward.

As the metal fitting unit used in combination as shown in FIG. 20, those which can be used upside down as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 are preferable because only two kinds of metal fittings can be used. It is also possible to use both-side protruding connection fittings (long metal fittings) 40 and 41 and one-side protruding fittings (short metal fittings) 42 and 43 shown in FIG. In these metal fittings 40 to 43, the notch 44 for dropping the pin is formed only at one edge of the metal fitting, and the metal fitting used when the cut groove 45 is upward and the metal fitting used downward are respectively dedicated. Metal fittings. The same applies to the short metal fittings 42 and 43. In other words,
The metal fittings 40 and 42 can be said to be so-called in-phase metal fittings in which the cut groove 45 and the notch 44 for dropping are on the same side, whereas the metal fittings 41 and 43 have the cut groove 45 and the notch 44 on the opposite side. It can be said that it is a foreign metal fitting.

Each of the metal fittings 40 to 43 has through holes 46 and 47 for pin insertion. For the reason described with reference to FIG. 19, the metal fitting 40 using the cut groove 45 upward.
In (42), the pin hole 46 can be formed close to the cut start end of the cut groove 45 in order to suppress the opening deformation of the cut groove 45. Then, the metal fittings 40 and 41 shown in FIG.
3, or a combination of the fittings 41 and 42 is a T-shaped connection, and a combination of the fittings 42 and 43 is a L-shaped fitting unit. However, compared to the fittings shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, two types of long ones and two types of short ones are required, and four types are required.

The metal fittings 40 and 41 may be enlarged in the vertical direction to obtain the metal fittings 77 or 78 shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 24, the length of the long metal fitting 49 is increased in accordance with the length of the transverse member only at the one-side insertion (projection) portion, and the insertion portion to the pillar including the cut groove 45 is the length dimension. Metal fittings 50, 51, etc., having a small size can also be used. For example, a T-shaped connection is formed by combining the metal fittings 49 and 51, and an L-shaped connection is formed by combining the metal fittings 50 and 51.
It can be a fitting unit of a form connection.

Returning to FIG. 2, a closed bag-shaped slit 52 is also formed on the connection surface at the upper end of the column 2 in a bag-like shape closed downward, and a rectangular connecting fitting 53 is formed therein. Insert, and insert the metal part protruding from the upper end of the pillar 2 into a slit formed in a horizontal member such as a hut beam, for example,
Both can be fixed with the pin 6 as described above. Reference numeral 53a in FIG. 2 indicates a pin hole for that purpose. Further, as shown in FIG. 25, a linear slit 55 is formed (a slit 55a, 55b and 55c are arranged in a straight line), and a belt-shaped connecting metal fitting 56 can be inserted across the three members (2, 59, 54) and fixed with the pin 6.

Although not shown in FIG. 1 for all the connecting portions, the second-floor pipe column and the hut beam, the hut beam and the hut bundle, the hut bundle and the purlin, or the purlin, etc., are also connected by the appropriate fitting connecting method as described above. Can be joined together.

FIG. 26 shows a cross-shaped slit 58 which is dropped from above when mounting a cross-connecting metal fitting unit 57 to a column, for example, from the upper end surface of a vertical member such as the column 2 or the like. It is formed toward.

FIG. 27 shows a reference technique, in which a crown-type connecting metal fitting 60 of a type which is placed over a vertical member such as a pillar 2 from above.
Is shown. The metal fitting 60 has a rectangular cylindrical part 61, a ceiling part 62 closing the upper end thereof, and a plurality of plate-like parts 63 projecting laterally from the outer surface of the rectangular cylindrical part 61. A ceiling part 62 is seated on the upper end of the vertical member, and an opening 64 is formed in the ceiling part 62, and a slit 65 can be formed in the ceiling part 62 so as to be connected further upward. For example, a slit formed in a horizontal member such as a beam or a girder is inserted into the four plate-like portions 63, and a drop-in portion 66 for dropping a shaft-shaped fixing member such as a pin preset on the horizontal member side is provided. After each plate-shaped part 6
A through-hole 67 through which a pin for fixing the horizontal member is passed is formed in 3. This crowned metal fitting 60 is, for example, shown in FIG.
It can be used in place of the metal fitting unit shown in FIGS.

It should be noted that, besides the above description, FIG.
The base 1 and the column 70, the column 70 and the horizontal member 71, and the horizontal member 71 and the column 2 and the like can be connected using the above-described connecting fittings 73, 74, and 75 to be inserted into the slits. In addition, although not shown individually, for example, the above-described slit and plate-like connection fitting are used to directly join a horizontal member and another horizontal member (for example, a girder) in a straight line without using a pillar. You can also. The same applies to the case of the vertical members, for example, when the columns 2 and 54 are directly connected to each other without the trunk 59 in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIG.
In the case where two or more pins 6 are driven into the portion to be inserted into the base 1 of 3, the positions of the pins 6 are shifted so that these pins 6 are not connected in a straight line in the horizontal direction (in the case of three pins 6, For example, the position of the intermediate pin 6 can be shifted upward or downward). By doing so, even if a tearing load acts on the base 1 in the horizontal direction, the resistance to the tearing load increases.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a wooden frame construction method.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of connecting a base and a vertical member such as a pillar via a plate-shaped connection fitting.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a connecting portion between a base and a pillar.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a draft pin as an example of a shaft-shaped fixing member.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the direction of a slit formed on a base.

FIG. 6: A bag-shaped slit is formed at the lower end of a pillar, and a short draft pin or the like is used for the slit to make three or four faces of the pillar a decorative surface, and a method of processing the slit. FIG.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of setting up a pillar by rotating a pillar on a fulcrum with respect to a base;

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of mounting a slit and a metal fitting formed on a pillar for connecting a transverse member.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example of an upper closing slit formed in a horizontal member.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing assembling by dropping a horizontal member.

FIG. 11 is a front view showing an example of a connection fitting protruding from both sides.

FIG. 12 is a front view showing an example of a one-side protruding connection fitting.

FIG. 13 is a front view showing a modification of FIG. 11;

FIG. 14 is a front view showing a modification of FIG. 12;

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the grip opening shown in FIGS. 13 and 14;

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of combining metal fittings in a cross shape.

FIG. 17 is a diagram in which metal fittings are combined in a T shape.

FIG. 18 is a diagram in which metal fittings are combined in an L shape.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of a force acting on a cut groove due to a downward load.

FIG. 20 is a plan view showing an example of using I-shaped, cross-shaped, T-shaped, and L-shaped brackets or bracket units.

FIG. 21 is a front view showing another side-projecting metal fitting.

FIG. 22 is a front view showing another one-side protruding connection fitting.

FIG. 23 is a front view showing a modification of FIG. 21;

FIG. 24 is a front view showing still another modified example of the fitting.

FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram of a case where three members, a vertical member, a horizontal member, and a vertical member, are connected by a connection fitting;

FIG. 26 is a perspective view showing a state in which a cross-shaped slit is formed at the upper end of a vertical member, and a metal fitting is dropped therein.

FIG. 27 is a perspective view showing a crowned connection fitting as a reference drawing.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base 2 pillar 3 Connecting metal fittings 4,5 slit 6 Draft pin 7,8 pin hole 9,10 through hole 13 beam 14 girder 15,16 connecting metal fitting 17,18 slit 19,20 cutout part 21,22 through hole 30 Both sides protrude Connection metal fitting 31 Slit 32 Cut groove 33, 35 Through hole 34 Notch 37 One-side protruding connection metal fitting 39 Grip opening

Claims (12)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] Vertical members such as foundations and columns of wooden buildings, girders,
In order to connect the first structural material and one or more second structural materials at a point of intersection of the first structural material and the one or more second structural materials through a plate-like connecting metal fitting in a structural material including a horizontal member such as a beam or a body difference, A first part for inserting a part of the plate-like connecting fitting into a connection part of the structural material of the first aspect.
Side slits, and second side slits for inserting other portions of the connection fittings into the connection portions of the second structural member, and the first side and second side slits are formed.
At least one of them is at a given depth on one or both sides
A side of the bag was closed, and a part of the connecting member was inserted into the slit on the first side, and formed from the outside of the first structural material at a plug-in portion on the first side of the connecting member. A part of the connection fitting is fixed to the first structural member by projecting a shaft-shaped fixing member such as a draft pin or a screw into the through portion, and another part of the connection fitting is connected to the second structure. Into the slit of the material and the second
The other part of the connection fitting is inserted into the penetrating portion formed in the insertion part on the second side of the connection fitting from the outside of the structural material of the above by connecting a shaft-shaped fixing member such as a draft pin or a screw to the second part. A metal frame assembly method for a wooden building, wherein the metal frame is fixed to a structural member, and the first structural member and the second structural member are integrally connected to each other via the plate-shaped connecting metal member. 2. When connecting a quadrangular pillar to the base, or when connecting the horizontal member to the upper part of the pillar,
The slit is formed in the shape of a bag that does not appear on the outer surface of the column other than the connection surface in the longitudinal direction of the column from the connection surface of the column, and the axis for the column in a direction crossing the bag-shaped slit. The insertion amount of the fixing member and the insertion hole thereof are set short so as not to reach the outer surface of the column opposite to the insertion side, and the length of the column excluding the surface on the insertion side of the shaft-shaped fixing member is set. 3
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the surface is a decorative surface. 3. As a slit of the transverse member with respect to the connecting member protruding laterally from the vertical member, the transverse member can be dropped into a projecting portion of the connecting member from above. It opens downward, but the upper side forms an upper closing slit in a dead end form, and in the upper closing slit, assembles the cross member so as to ride on the protruding portion of the connection fitting from above, and 2. The fixing member is fixed to the connection fitting by a fixing member.
Or the metal frame construction method according to 2 above. 4. A notch portion for dropping the shaft-shaped fixing member is formed in a protruding portion of the connecting fitting protruding laterally from the vertical member, and a cut-out portion of the upper closing slit of the horizontal member is formed. At the upper end, the shaft-shaped fixing member is preset so as to cross the slit, and when the transverse member is dropped into the projecting portion of the connection fitting, the preset shaft-shaped fixing member is cut out by the notch. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the horizontal member is fixed to the connection fitting with another shaft-shaped fixing member. 5. From the foundation of a wooden building, columns, body differences, girders,
The metal fitting shaft assembly method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the structural members are connected to the beams, the shed bundle, the purlin, the purlin, and the like by the connecting metal fitting and the axial fixing member. 6. A slit formed in a base or a horizontal member as the structural material is formed so as to be substantially parallel to a longitudinal direction of the base or the horizontal member.
A metal frame construction method for a wooden building according to any one of Items 1 to 5. 7. A first portion inserted into the slit of the base or the horizontal member when connecting the pillar to the base or the horizontal member via the connection metal, And a second portion inserted into a pillar, and the first portion of the connecting fitting is moved in and out of the slit of the base or the horizontal member by the shaft-shaped fixing member. Attaching the column to the second part of the connecting bracket so as to be rotatable about an axis,
The column and the connection fitting are rotated to a vertical position with the shaft-shaped fixing member as a fulcrum, and the first portion of the connection fitting is accommodated in the base or the slit of the horizontal member. The bracket assembly method for a wooden building according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first portion of the connection fitting is fixed to the base or the horizontal member by the axial fixing member. 8. The shaft-shaped fixing member is a draft pin, and is formed at one end of the shaft-shaped pin leg and protrudes partially laterally from the pin leg, such as a flat shape. The draft pin is driven into a pin hole formed in the structural material, so that the head bites into the opening of the pin hole and is prevented from falling out, and the pin leg is The metal frame assembly method for a wooden building according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the metal frame is passed through a penetrating portion formed in the connection metal fitting or dropped into the notch formed in the connection metal fitting. . 9. A bracket assembly structure for a wooden building obtained by the bracket assembly method according to claim 1. 10. The bracket assembly method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, or the bracket assembly structure according to claim 9, wherein the vertical member and the horizontal member of the wooden building are sandwiched by the vertical member. A connection fitting of a double-sided projection type used for coupling in a cross shape or a T-shape or the like, wherein a central insertion portion inserted into a vertical material slit formed through the vertical material so as to protrude on both sides thereof. , Comprising both side insertion portions that are continuously formed on both sides of the center insertion portion and are respectively inserted into the cross member slits formed in the connection portions of both the cross members, the center insertion portion includes: A through-hole such as a through-hole for passing a shaft-like fixing member such as a draft pin or a screw is formed, and a combining-use cutting groove for combining with a combining-use cutting groove formed in another connection fitting is formed. In the both side insertion part A through-hole such as a through-hole for passing the shaft-shaped fixing member is formed, and a cut-out portion for dropping the shaft-shaped fixing member preset in a connection portion of the horizontal member is provided by the combination. The notch is formed symmetrically at the edge on the cutting start end side and the edge on the opposite side of the cutting groove, and the notch on either one of the two edges is selectively turned upside down. A connection fitting characterized by being usable for: 11. The bracket assembly method according to claim 1 or the bracket assembly structure according to claim 9, wherein the vertical member and the horizontal member of the wooden building are sandwiched by the vertical member. A one-sided protruding connection fitting used for coupling into an L-shape or a T-shape, etc., and a vertical material side insertion portion inserted into a vertical material slit formed in the vertical material, and one side from the vertical material. A cross member side insertion portion that is protruded and inserted into the cross member side slit, wherein the vertical member side insertion portion includes a combination cutting groove that is combined with a combination cutting groove of the another connection metal fitting, A penetrating portion for passing a shaft-shaped fixing member such as a draft pin or a screw is formed, and a penetrating portion for passing the shaft-shaped fixing member is formed in the transverse member side insertion portion. Preset at the connection of the frame A notch for dropping the shaft-shaped fixing member is formed symmetrically at an edge on the cutting start end side and an edge on the opposite side of the cutting groove for combination, and both of them are turned upside down. The connection fitting, wherein the notch on any one of the edges can be selectively used. 12. An I-shaped connection for connecting the horizontal members in a straight line with the vertical members interposed therebetween by using the two-sided protruding connection metal fittings according to claim 10 alone. The two side-projecting connection metal fittings described above are combined so as to mesh with the respective cutting grooves, thereby performing a cross connection of connecting the four horizontal members to the vertical member in a cross shape, By combining the two-sided protruding connection metal fitting according to claim 10 and the one-sided protruding connection metal fitting according to claim 11 so as to engage with each other in the notch for combination, three of the vertical members are provided. A T-shaped connection for connecting the transverse members in a T-shape is performed by combining two of the one-sided protruding connection metal fittings according to claim 11 so as to engage with each other in the notch for combination. An L-shape connection for connecting two horizontal members to the vertical member in an L-shape is performed, whereby the I-shape is formed by two types of metal fittings, the two-sided projecting type connecting bracket and the one-sided projecting type connecting bracket. A connection fitting unit capable of coping with at least four types of uses: connection, cross connection, T-connection, and L-connection.