JP2867127B2 - Frame structure of wooden columnar member and frame assembly - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a frame structure for a wooden building and a frame assembly used for the frame structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, in wooden structures in Japan, a unique framing method is used for assembling structural materials, and in particular, a complicated process for fitting a concave and convex shape is performed.
These processes require highly skilled skills. In addition, metal fittings are used to simplify the conventional frame structure, improve workability, reduce costs, etc.
Many attempts have been made to make frames such as "combination splices" and "butt joints" .However, in these frames using double-strength metal fittings, a large amount of complicated structures are required for joints such as columns and beams. At present, it uses metal fittings and a large amount of bolts.

[0003]

However, in the conventional traditional framing method, as described above, complicated joint processing is required, and the work requires a high level of skill, which results in a shortage of manpower. Therefore, there are problems such as a high cost and a delay in the construction period, and the assembling work is complicated, and there are many troubles when assembling. In addition, it is difficult to say that sufficient improvements have been made in terms of both the construction period and cost, because a large number of brackets and strips with a large amount of complicated structure are used even with a frame using construction metal fittings, and many bolts are used. The accuracy of the framing is also insufficient. It is an object of the present invention to provide a frame structure and a frame assembly which solve these problems.

[0004]

To solve the above-mentioned problems, the frame structure according to the present invention comprises firstly a wooden receiving member 2 having a columnar shape.
The ends of the pillar-shaped wooden cross members 29 are abutted against the shaft assembly surfaces 7 and 30 in an intersecting manner, and the slits 28 and 31 are formed, and a plate-shaped hook plate 26 is formed so as to extend over both slits 28 and 31.
And the hook plate 26 and the receiving member 2 are inserted.
In a structure in which the locking tool 41 is penetrated through the 7, 30, and the cross members 29 to integrally fix the shaft assembly, the outer peripheral surface of the hook plate 26 is formed in an arc shape and the receiving member 2 is formed.
The inner periphery of the slit 28 on the ninth side is formed in an arc shape for accommodating the outer periphery of the hook plate 26.

Second, an arc of the inner circumference of the slit 28 on the receiving member 29 side and an arc of the outer circumference of the hook plate 26 are formed so as to form arcs having substantially the same radius.

Further, the shaft assembly in the above means is formed on a bearing surface which is a peripheral surface of the columnar wooden receiving members 27 and 30, and a columnar wooden cross member 29 which abuts the opening on the bearing surface. A plate-like member inserted across the slits 28 and 38, the outer peripheral surface of which is formed in an arc shape, comprising a vertical side 26a protruding in the vertical direction and a horizontal side 26b protruding in the horizontal direction. Holes 32, 33, and 34 are formed in the vertical side 26a and the horizontal side 26b to penetrate the bar-shaped locking member 41 to connect and fix the cross member 29 and the receiving members 27, 30 together. I have.

[0007]

The receiving members 27, 30 and the crossing member 29 are not only connected to each other by the hook plate 26, but also have flat abutment surfaces that abut each other.
Since the hook plate 26 is fitted to the base 31, the receiving members 27 and 30 and the cross member 29 are assembled in a shaft while maintaining the orthogonal state with each other in the connected and locked state by the engagement tool 21.

The arc-shaped outer periphery of the hook plate 26 is fitted corresponding to the arc-shaped inner periphery of the slit 28 cut and formed in a half-moon shape on the receiving member 29 side. When the arcs are formed substantially identically, the hook plate 26 is inserted into the slit 28 and
In step 1, only the hook plate 26 is integrally locked with the receiving members 27 and 30 and the cross member 29, and the shaft assembly of each member is completed.

[0009]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The drawings show a specific example of a frame structure and a frame assembly of the present invention, and FIGS.
2 shows an example in which a cross member such as a beam is crossed and assembled. FIG. 1 shows an example in which four intersecting members (beams) are assembled in an intersecting manner with respect to one receiving member (post) 1, and four intersecting members are provided on four surfaces of the longitudinal receiving member 1. The hook-shaped protruding end (hook) 4 of the hook plate 3 having the two cleaves (end faces) 5 pressed against each other and having the base end inserted into each face on the receiving member 1 side,
A hook 7 is inserted into a slit 6 provided at the opening of the cross member 2 and is inserted through the cross member 2.
And joined.

The hook plate 3 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in (C), a V-shaped bolt drop groove 8 having at least a tip-side inner surface inclined is formed at the top of the tip so that the tip of a rectangular hook plate 3 made of one iron plate is used as the hook 4. On the base end side, two upper and lower projections 9 for insertion are projected. At the protruding end of each of the projections 9, a flange-shaped locking plate 11 having a vertical cutout 11a formed on one side of the outer periphery of the circular plate is fixedly provided. An attachment 12 made of a round bar is welded, and a small margin S is provided between the end face of the attachment 12 and the base end face of the hook plate 3 as described later, as a tightening allowance S between the woodworking face of the cross member 2. A gap is formed.

On the peripheral surface of the receiving member 1, two circular insertion holes 13 for fitting the locking plates 11, 11 are formed in the hook plate 3 at a predetermined vertical pitch. In the deepest portion of each of the lock plates 13, each of the lock plates 11 fitted and inserted extends downward so as to be able to slide down in the fitted state.
A vertically long oval locking hole 13a having the same thickness as that of the locking hole 13a. On the other hand, a slit 16 having the same width as that of the attachment 12 is provided in the engagement portion 14 having a predetermined thickness left between the engagement hole 13a and the peripheral surface of the receiving member 3 so that the engagement plate 11 is located at the deepest portion. The hook plate 3 is provided so as to be allowed to slide down to the lower limit position in a state where the hook plate 3 is inserted to the lower end. The bottom surface of the slit 16 forms a radius along the bottom surface of the attachment 12 described above, and the locking hole 13a is formed. Together with the bottom surface of the hook plate 3 serves as a receiving surface for a load applied to the protruding end (hook 4) of the hook plate 3. The diameter of the attachment 12 is larger than the thickness of the projection 9 so that the thickness of the hook plate 3 on the receiving member 1 side can be increased.

The above-described insertion hole 13, locking hole 13a and slit 16 are provided, for example, in such a manner that a cutter having the same circular shape as the locking plate 11 and a cutter (not shown) having the same shape as the attachment 12 are coaxially integrated. The formed milling cutter has an advantage that it can be easily cut in one step. In contrast to the above structure, a slit 6 of the same thickness for vertically inserting and fitting the hook plate 3 is formed in the opening 5 of the cross member 2 in the vertical direction, and the bottom of the bolt drop groove 8 is formed in the cross member 2. And bolt holes 18, 1 in the transverse direction corresponding to bolt holes 15 drilled thereunder.
9 are pierced so as to penetrate.

[0013] The framing method according to the above structure is described first with reference to FIG.
(A) As shown in FIG.
The hook plate 3 is inserted into the insertion hole 13 of the receiving member 1 and slid downward to the lower limit position to lock the hook plate 3 with the engaging portion 14 and fix the hook plate 3 to the receiving member 1 side. Subsequently, with the locking plate 3 being fitted into the slit 6 with the bolt 21 serving as a locking tool inserted into the bolt hole 18 in the upper stage, the cross-section 2's wooden edge 5 abuts against the column surface of the receiving member 1,
When the bolt 21 is lowered along the pillar surface from above, the bolt 21 serving as a locking tool is lowered while being housed in the groove 8 of the hook 4. At this time, the bolt 21 is attached to the inclined guide surface 8 on the tip side of the groove 8.
While being guided by a, the cross member 2 acts to press and fasten the cross member 2 to the receiving member 1 side. Further, a gap S between the attachment 12 on the hook plate 3 side and the base end face of the hook plate 3 acts as a fastening allowance between the cross member 2 and the receiving member 1.

After the positioning of the cross member 2 is performed by the above operation, the bolt 22 serving as a second locking tool is inserted into the bolt holes 19 and 15 and fastened and fixed. Locking holes 13 are formed in all four pillar surfaces of the receiving member 1 in FIG. 2 (B) so that the cross member 2 can be assembled from all sides, but formed on one side of the locking plate 11. The notch 11a is provided to prevent the locking plates 11 of the hook plate 3 inserted from all sides from interfering with each other. When the cross section of the receiving member 1 is large, the notch 11a is formed.
The notch 11a is not necessarily required because the interference does not occur.

FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 show examples of a shaft assembly structure and a shaft assembly when the upper and lower ends of the pillar are assembled in a T-shape or an L-shape.
In this example, as shown in FIG. 5, a single plate-shaped member is formed in a circular arc shape with a radius R, and a part of the outer periphery is formed with a notch 26c in which a hook is cut at about 90 ° to form a vertical portion. Side 26a and Side 2
6b is used. The ends of the vertical and horizontal sides 26a, 26b are cutouts 26d, 26e for the purpose of reducing the yield and reducing the weight of the material. In the example shown in FIG. 5, in order to insert and fit the hook plate 26 on the receiving member (base) 27 side with respect to the hook plate 26, an arc-shaped slit having the same inner circumference as the outer circumference of the hook plate 26 is formed. A slit 31 for fitting the hook plate 26 is also cut and formed at the lower edge of the cross member (post) 29. Each of the slits 28 and 29 can be processed in a single step by a saw. In particular, by forming the slit 28 in an arc shape, there is an advantage that a single step processing using a circular saw can be performed. Then, bolt holes 32 to 34 are provided at appropriate positions corresponding to the vertical sides 26 a and 26 b of the hook plate 26, the receiving member 27, and the cross member 29.
And 36-38.

The example shown in FIG. 5 is shown in FIGS. 4B and 6A.
As shown in the figure, the hook plate 2 is inserted into the slit 28 of the receiving member 27, and the two bolts 41 serving as locking members are inserted through the bolt holes 33, 34, 37, and 38. After fastening and fixing the cross member 29 in advance, the tip of the cross member 29 is lowered from above, the hook plate 26 is inserted into the slit 31, and the bolt 41 is inserted through the bolt holes 32 and 36 to be tightened. The assembly of the shaft and the receiving member 27 is completed. The notch surface of the notch portion 26c of the hook plate 26 substantially coincides with the intersection surface of the cross member 29 and the receiving member 27 after the shaft assembly. Reference numeral 42 denotes a blade bolt for fixing the other base 25 and the base 27 which are orthogonal to each other.

FIGS. 4 (A), 6 (C), and (D) show a beam 3 at the upper end of the hook plate 26, for example, a column 29 (receiving member).
0 (cross member) is applied and fixed.
In this example, the relationship between the receiving member and the cross member is opposite to that in the case of FIGS. 4 (B), 5, 6 (A) and 6 (B). That is, the hook plate 26 is previously attached to the upper end of the pillar 29 by tightening with the bolt 41, and the arc-shaped upper end of the hook plate 26 is fitted into the slit 31 formed on the beam 30 side and having the arc-shaped inner periphery. The beam 30 is placed as described above and fastened and fixed with bolts 41. In any of the above cases, the arcuate outer periphery of the hook plate 26 coincides with the inner periphery of the slit 28, so that the positioning of each member when assembling the shaft is easy.

FIGS. 7A and 7B show a joint structure of the joist 43 to the base 27 mounted and fixed on the foundation 45. The side wall of a plate 44 having a channel-like cross section for accommodating the end of the joist 43. The tip of 46 extends toward the end to form an insertion end 46a, while two slits 47 for inserting the insertion end 46a are formed on the bottom surface of the joist 27. As shown in FIG.
The joist 43 is mounted on the plate 44 in a state where the joist is inserted and fixed.

FIGS. 8 to 12 show a method of assembling a house using the frame structure according to the present invention for each process. Focusing on the point that dimensional stability after assembling is ensured by combining the use and the like, and shows an example in which a panel is used for a wall material or a floor material of a house. In this example, concrete foundation 4
After assembling and fixing the base 27 and the joist 43 on the panel 5, a panel-like floor member 51 is laid and fixed using a crane or the like, and then a shaft assembly using the hook plates 3, 26 and the like is shown in FIG. Then, the second floor is formed by laying a panel-like floor material 51. Then, as shown in FIG.
Alternatively, a partition wall or the like is sequentially assembled in a state shown in FIG. 12 similarly to a conventional panel method or a two-by-four method, and a roof member (not shown) is similarly assembled with a panel-like member.

The above assembling is characterized in that the floor, ceiling and walls can all be assembled with a panel material. As shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, a crane can be used at the time of assembling. It is possible to assemble the panel member by suspending the panel member, thereby providing advantages such as simplification of the assembling work, improvement of workability and speeding up.

[0021]

According to the present invention configured as described above, the following technical effects can be obtained. (1) The processing cost can be reduced and the construction period can be shortened. Pillars and girders,
Since the joint processing of beams and the like is simplified, all machining can be performed, and pre-cut is possible, the work requires no skill, the framing is easy and quick, and the processing cost and the labor of the framing are required. Costs can be saved and the construction period can be significantly reduced. In addition, since the frame structure is simple, the disassembly is easy and the reusability of the members is high.

(2) The number of shaft assemblies can be reduced, and the dimensions of the structural material and the types of connection processing can be reduced, so that the structural material can be standardized. In other words, by standardizing the pattern and dimensions of the shaft assembly, the joint processing is simple and unitary, investment in processing equipment is small, inventory management of standard parts is easy, and from order to delivery Can be shortened. In addition, standardized structural materials make inventory management and cost easy to understand, the number of parts is large, and it takes time to estimate parts, compared to the conventional method.
There is an advantage that the estimation can be performed in an instant.

(3) There is little breakage loss of the wood section at the joint. The complicated conventional joint processing has a high incidence of chipping of members, and has been used in combination with reinforcing metal fittings. Can be reduced.

(4) Adjustment after building is easy. The pillar and the girder are joined by a small number of fasteners, and even when adjustment is required after building, it is possible only by adjusting the fasteners.

(5) The joint between the column and the girder becomes stronger by the metal fitting. Conventionally, in the wooden frame construction method, a strong joint is formed by tightening a joint with a bolt using a reinforcing metal. However, it has been difficult to obtain an accuracy of a millimeter unit. The shaft assembly according to the present invention makes it possible to more firmly adhere the bonding surface between the column and the girder by sliding the locking member of the upper stage of the girder through the notch portion of the metal fitting, and to fix it firmly and with high precision dimensions. And this accuracy,
Unlike the conventional method in which a true wall and a large wall are formed by strutting, a wall can be easily formed by fitting a light structural wall (panel) between structural materials.

(6) The degree of freedom of layout and extension / remodeling by paneling is increased. Paneling the walls reduces the number of pillars, increasing the degree of freedom of layout and increasing the degree of freedom of design changes in extension and remodeling. It is also easy to dismantle when renovating.

(7) Others By using the frame structure and the frame assembly of the present invention in combination with the structural material of the laminated wood, it is possible to reduce the diameter of the structural material, reduce the weight of the building and increase the strength. The above-described dimensional accuracy is further improved, and the possibility of panelization is further improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a frame assembly structure and a frame assembly tool.

2 (A) and 2 (B) are a front view and a plan view, partly in cross section, showing the structure of a shaft assembly and a connection process, and FIG. 2 (C) is an end view of the shaft assembly.

[3] (A), (B) is a front view showing a step of framing work.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are perspective views showing a second embodiment of a shaft assembly and a shaft assembly.

FIG. 5A is a front view showing a shaft assembly structure and a detailed structure of a shaft assembly, and FIG. 5B is an end view of a cross member and a receiving member.

FIGS. 6A to 6D are front views showing a framing process according to a second embodiment.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are a perspective view and a front sectional view showing an assembling structure of a base portion of the structure.

FIG. 8 is an overall perspective view showing a foundation and a floor structure of a building.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a frame assembly operation state.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a floor laying operation state.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an assembling operation state of the wall panel.

FIG. 12 is an overall perspective view showing an assembled state of a shaft assembly and a peripheral wall.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: receiving member 2: crossing member 3: hook plate 4: hook 6: insertion groove (slit) 8: engagement groove 9: protrusion 11: locking plate 21: bolt 26: hook plate 26a: vertical piece 26b: horizontal Pieces 32, 33, 34: bolt holes

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An end of a pillar-shaped wooden cross member (29) is abutted in a crossed manner against a shaft assembly surface of the pillar-shaped wooden receiving members (27) and (30), and the receiving members (27) and (30) are joined. ) And slits (28) and (31) are respectively formed at positions corresponding to the front end of the cross member (29) at the tip of the cross member, and are formed in a plate shape so as to extend over both slits (28) and (31). A hook plate (26) is inserted, and a hook (41) is inserted through the hook plate (26) and the receiving members (27), (30) and the cross member (29) to integrally fix the shaft assembly. In this structure, the outer peripheral surface of the hook plate (26) is formed in an arc shape, and the inner periphery of the slit (28) on the receiving member (29) side is formed in an arc shape for accommodating the outer periphery of the hook plate (26). A frame structure for wooden construction. 2. An architectural frame structure according to claim 1, wherein an arc of the inner circumference of the slit (28) on the side of the receiving member (29) and an arc of the outer circumference of the hook plate (26) are formed to be arcs having substantially the same radius. . 3. A bearing surface, which is a peripheral surface of the columnar wooden receiving members (27) and (30), and a columnar wooden crossing member (29) formed on the columnar wooden crossing member (29) for abutting the opening surface on the bearing surface. A plate-like member inserted across the slits (28) and (38), the outer peripheral surface of which is formed in an arc shape, and a vertical side (26a) protruding in the vertical direction and a horizontal side (26) protruding in the horizontal direction. 26b), the vertical side (26a) and the horizontal side (26
In (b), holes (32), (33), and (34) through which the bar-shaped locking member (41) is inserted to connect and fix the cross member (29) and the receiving members (27), (30) together are formed. Drilling for wooden construction.