JP2747227B2 - Horizontal welding equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a horizontal welding apparatus suitable for horizontal welding of a hull shell and a double hull of a ship.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b) are perspective views showing a conventional horizontal welding apparatus used for horizontal MAG welding of a hull side shell of a ship and a double hull. In this type of welding apparatus, a rail 42 is attached to a work 41, and welding is performed by a welding torch 46 while moving a traveling carriage 43 along the rail 42. The rail 42 can be easily attached to the work 41 by a magnet. The traveling vehicle 43 includes a torch up / down adjustment slider 44 for adjusting the vertical position of the torch 46, and a torch front / back adjustment slider 45 for adjusting the position of the torch 46 in the direction toward the workpiece 41. , And a torch angle adjusting unit 47 that can adjust the torch angle. Further, there is also provided a weaving mechanism for weaving the torch 46.

[0003] In this type of horizontal welding apparatus, first,
The rail 42 is attached to the work 41. In this case, the rail 42 is parallel to the welding line. Further, in the case of a horizontal long welding in which a welding line is long, a plurality of rails are connected and used. Thereafter, the traveling carriage 43 is mounted on the rail 42, and the target position of the torch is adjusted to the groove position,
Torch angle adjustment unit 47, torch front-rear adjustment slider 45
Then, the torch up / down adjustment slider 44 is adjusted. Then, welding is performed while moving the traveling vehicle 43 along the rail 42.

[0004] The length of a welding line in horizontal welding of a hull-side outer panel of a ship and a double hull may be 20 m or more. In addition, there are assembly errors, fluctuations in the gap amount of the groove due to the influence of heat during welding, generation of misalignment, and changes in the plate thickness due to waving (surfing part), etc., and the target position of the torch may deviate from the welding line. is there. For this reason, conventionally, the operator adjusts the vertical adjustment slider 44 and the front / rear adjustment slider 45 while observing the arc state, and matches the target position of the torch with the welding line.

[0005]

However, the conventional horizontal welding apparatus has a problem that the target position of the torch needs to be monitored and adjusted appropriately by an operator, which is complicated.

[0006] In recent years, a scanning control method using a laser sensor in a horizontal welding apparatus has been proposed, but since the control becomes complicated, it has not been put to practical use. That is, it is necessary to dispose the sensor away from the torch in order to avoid the influence of arc light and heat due to welding. In this case,
For example, if there is a work distortion or plate thickness variation, the sensor controls the torch only for the time that the torch moves to the position where the distortion or plate thickness varies after the sensor passes through the position where the distortion or plate thickness varies. Need to be delayed. For this reason, in the copying control method conventionally proposed, the control device becomes complicated and the device cost increases.

In a conventional horizontal welding apparatus, a traveling vehicle is generally mounted on a rail at an end of the rail. At a position along the rail, the traveling vehicle is mounted on the rail or the traveling vehicle is mounted on the rail. Cannot be removed from the rail. For this reason, it is necessary to move the traveling vehicle to the rail end when mounting the traveling vehicle on the rail and removing the traveling vehicle from the rail, which is complicated. In addition,
There are also those in which the traveling carriage can be attached or detached at any position on the rail, but in this case, for example, loosening the screws to increase the distance between the parts sandwiching the rail from above and below (hereinafter referred to as rail guide), After attaching the traveling vehicle to the rails, it is necessary to perform an operation of narrowing the interval between the rail guides and fixing them with screws, which is complicated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has been made in consideration of a work assembling error, a change in a groove gap amount due to a thermal effect during welding, a misalignment, a change in a plate thickness, and the like. It is another object of the present invention to provide a horizontal welding apparatus in which a target position of a torch can always be made coincident with a welding line, and further, a traveling carriage can be easily mounted and removed at an arbitrary position on a rail.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A horizontal welding apparatus according to the present invention is a horizontal welding apparatus for welding a work composed of an upper plate and a lower plate in a horizontal position, wherein the work is engaged with a horizontally arranged rail. A traveling vehicle movable along the rail, a welding torch provided on the traveling vehicle, a groove detection sensor provided on the welding vehicle for detecting a groove of the work, and a traveling sensor provided on the traveling vehicle. Torch vertical movement means for vertically moving the welding torch following the groove position detected by the groove detection sensor, and torch urging means for urging the welding torch toward the work, A torch guide that contacts the work and regulates a distance between the welding torch and the work to a predetermined value or more.

[0010]

In the present invention, while the torch urging means urges the welding torch toward the work, the torch guide restricts the welding torch from contacting the work and the welding torch from contacting the work. This keeps the distance between the welding torch and the workpiece constant. Further, in the present invention, the groove of the work is detected by a groove detection sensor, and the torch vertical moving means moves the torch up and down in accordance with the groove position detected by the groove detection sensor. . As a result, the target position of the torch can always be made coincident with the welding line with respect to the assembling error of the workpiece during the transverse long welding, the fluctuation of the groove gap and the fluctuation of the misalignment caused by the welding, and the stable copying can be achieved. The state can be maintained, and good welding can be performed.

When a pair of parallel rails arranged vertically is used as the rail, the upper traveling roller of the traveling carriage is provided with a flange portion which engages with the work-side portion of the upper part of the rail, and the lower traveling rail is provided. By providing the roller with a flange portion that engages with a portion of the lower part of the rail opposite to the work, the traveling carriage can be easily attached to or detached from the rail at any position on the rail. For example, when mounting the traveling cart on the rail, the flange portion of the upper traveling roller is engaged with the work side portion of the upper portion of the rail, and then the flange portion of the lower traveling roller is brought into contact with the lower portion of the rail, so that it is easily attached. Is completed. Also, when removing the traveling vehicle, the traveling vehicle is easily removed from the rail by moving the lower portion of the traveling vehicle away from the work to remove the lower traveling roller from the rail, and then lifting the entire traveling vehicle upward. be able to.

By providing an urging means for urging the lower traveling roller upward, the parallel rail is always sandwiched between the upper and lower traveling rollers even if the processing accuracy of the parallel rail is poor. Therefore, the traveling roller can be prevented from separating from the rail, and stable traveling performance can be obtained. For this reason, it is preferable that a traveling roller urging means for urging the lower traveling roller upward is provided.

It is preferable that a torch guide for maintaining a constant distance between the tip of the torch and the work is in contact with the work in a plane orthogonal to the traveling direction of the traveling vehicle at a target position of the torch. For example, when the position of the torch guide and the target position of the torch in the traveling direction of the traveling vehicle are displaced, the distance between the tip of the torch and the work cannot be made constant if the thickness of the work varies. However, as described above, when the arrangement position of the torch guide and the target position of the torch in the traveling bogie traveling direction coincide with each other, it is possible to quickly respond to a change in the thickness of the work, and , The distance between the tip of the torch and the work can always be kept constant.

Further, in order to maintain a constant distance between the work and the groove detection sensor, a sensor urging means for urging the groove detection sensor toward the work, and It is preferable to provide a sensor guide that regulates a distance between the detection sensor and the work to a predetermined value or more. The groove detection sensor is arranged, for example, in front of the welding torch in the bogie traveling direction in order to avoid interference with the welding torch. In this case, if the distance between the groove detection sensor and the work changes due to a change in the thickness of the work, the groove detection sensor may malfunction. Therefore, in order to always keep the distance between the groove detection sensor and the work constant, a sensor urging means for urging the groove detection sensor toward the work is provided separately from the torch urging means, and the work is provided on the work. It is preferable to provide a sensor guide that restricts the distance between the workpiece and the groove detection sensor to a predetermined value or more by contact.

Further, it is preferable to provide a torch angle adjusting means for moving the welding torch in an arc shape around the arc point, and to adjust the torch angle by the torch angle adjusting means. Conventionally, the adjustment of the torch angle has been performed by rotating a portion for fixing the welding torch. However, in this case, if the torch angle is adjusted, the target position of the torch changes.Therefore, it is necessary to move the torch in the vertical direction to correct the target position. It is necessary to increase the size, and as a result, there is a drawback that miniaturization of the device is hindered. However, as described above, by adopting a structure in which the torch is rotated about its arc point, the target position of the torch does not change even if the torch angle is changed, so that the apparatus can be downsized and occupy welding work. This has the effect of shortening the preparation work time.

[0016]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a horizontal welding apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view thereof. The work is composed of an upper plate 1a and a lower plate 1b. The traveling rail 3 is attached to the upright plate 1a side of this work so as to be substantially parallel to the welding line. The running rail 3 is a parallel rail constituted by, for example, an upper rail 3a and a lower rail 3b arranged in parallel in the vertical direction, and is easily attached to the upper plate 1a by the magnetic force of the magnet 2. be able to. Each of the upper rail 3a and the lower rail 3b has a circular cross section.

As shown in FIG. 3, the traveling carriage 4 is provided with an upper traveling roller 13 and a lower traveling roller 14. A flange portion 13a protruding in the radial direction is provided at an edge of the upper traveling roller 13 on the side of the upper plate 1a, and an edge of the lower traveling roller 14 opposite to the upper plate 1a of the lower traveling roller 14 is provided. A flange portion 14a protruding in the radial direction is provided. Then, the flange portion 13a of the upper traveling roller 13
Is engaged with the portion of the upper rail 3a on the side of the upright plate 1a, and the flange portion 14a of the lower traveling roller 14 is connected to the lower rail 3b.
By engaging with the part on the opposite side of the upright plate 1a,
The traveling carriage 4 is supported on the rail 3. In this case, a stress is generated in a direction indicated by an arrow in FIG.
From the rails 3a, 3b. The upper running roller 13 is connected to a motor 31 and is driven to rotate by the motor 31. Also,
The lower traveling roller 14 is rotatably supported by a support member 32.

A vertical scanning slider 5 is provided below the traveling carriage 4 as shown in FIGS. The vertical scanning slider 5 is driven by a driving device (not shown) based on an output of a groove detection sensor to be described later and moves in the vertical direction while engaging with the fixed portion fixed to the carriage 4 while being engaged with the fixed portion. And a moving unit. A forward / backward scanning slider 6 is attached to a moving portion of the vertical scanning slider 5. The front / rear scanning slider 6 includes a fixed portion fixed to the moving portion of the vertical scanning slider 5 and a moving portion that can move in the direction toward the workpiece while engaging with the fixed portion. The front and rear scanning slider 6 includes:
A compression cylinder 26 is provided as shown in FIG.
An end (reference numeral 27) of a slit 27a provided in a fixed portion of the front / rear scanning slider 6 and having both ends bent downward.
(A position indicated by) engages a cam 27e attached to the distal end of the drive shaft of the compression cylinder 26, the cylinder body is fixed to the moving part, and the moving part of the front / rear scanning slider 6 is urged toward the work. Generates biasing force.

A torch up / down adjustment unit 7 is attached to a moving portion of the front / back copying slider 6, and a torch up / down adjustment unit 8 is attached to the torch up / down adjustment unit 7. The torch front-rear adjustment unit 8 is provided with a torch angle adjustment unit 9 including an arcuate slider 23 and a torch fixing unit 24. The welding torch 10 is mounted on the torch fixing unit 24. Then, the knobs 7a, 8a of the torch vertical adjustment unit 7 and the torch front-rear adjustment unit 8
By rotating the torch, the welding torch 10 can be moved in the vertical direction and in the direction approaching or separating from the work, respectively, and the torch angle is adjusted by moving the torch fixing portion 9b along the arc-shaped slider 23. be able to.

The torch up-and-down adjusting unit 7 has a structure shown in FIG.
As shown in a top view and a side view, respectively, in FIG. 2B, a groove detection sensor 11 that is disposed at the groove and detects the groove lower plate edge 1c is provided. The sensor 11 has, for example, two upper and lower sensor portions 11a and 11b as shown in FIG. 5C, and only the lower sensor portion 11b detects the standing plate lower plate 1b and the upper sensor portion. The slider 5 is moved up and down so that the lower plate 11a does not detect the lower plate 1b to detect the lower plate edge 1c. When a sensor having a short detection distance is used, the sensor is disposed below the groove detection sensor 11 so as to contact the standing plate lower plate b and maintain the distance between the standing plate lower plate 1b and the sensor 11 constant. Preferably, a roller 34 is provided.

FIGS. 6 and 7 are a schematic plan view and a side view showing the torch angle adjusting section 9, respectively. Arc-shaped slider 23
Is a member having a rectangular cross section, and grooves 23a and 23b are provided on two side surfaces adjacent to each other. A part of the torch fixing part 24 is engaged with the groove 23a,
It is movable along this groove 23a. Further, a fixing screw 25a is inserted into the groove 23b, and by rotating the tightening lever 25, the torch fixing portion 24 can be fixed at an arbitrary position within its moving range. By moving the torch fixing portion 24 along the groove 23a of the arc-shaped slider 23, the welding torch 10 rotates around the arc point 10b.

As shown in FIG. 4, an arm 35 is attached to the torch vertical adjustment section 7, and the pressing roller 12 is disposed at the tip of the arm 35. The pressing roller 12 is urged by a compression cylinder 26 so that the upright lower plate 1 in a region directly below the target position of the welding torch 10 is pressed.
b, and moves while rotating as the traveling vehicle 4 moves.

The cam 27e can be moved between a position indicated by reference numeral 27 and a position indicated by reference numeral 27b. When the cam 27e is disposed at the position indicated by reference numeral 27, the pressing roller 12 urges the work, and When it is arranged at the position indicated by 27b, the pressing roller 12 is separated from the work. That is, the traveling carriage 4 is connected to the rail 3
, The cam 27e is arranged at a position indicated by reference numeral 27b so that the pressing roller 12 does not interfere. Then, after the carriage 4 is mounted on the rail 3, the cam 27e is arranged at the position indicated by reference numeral 27, and an urging force for urging the torch 10 and the pressing roller 12 toward the work is generated.

The operation of the horizontal welding apparatus according to this embodiment will be described below. First, the rail 3 is attached to the upright plate 1a with the magnet 2. At this time, the rail 3 is attached so as to be substantially parallel to the welding line. Next, rail 3
The carriage 4 is attached to the vehicle. Attachment of the traveling carriage 4 is performed by firstly engaging the flange portion 13a of the upper traveling roller 13 with the work-side portion of the upper rail 3a so that the flange portion 14a of the lower traveling roller 14 abuts on the lower rail 3b. What should I do? As described above, in this embodiment, the mounting of the traveling vehicle 4 is extremely easy, and the traveling vehicle 4 can be attached to the rail 3 at an arbitrary position on the rail 3.

Next, the sensor 11 is moved to the groove lower plate edge 1c.
The torch up-and-down adjustment part 7 is adjusted so as to match. Further, the torch vertical adjustment unit 7, the torch front-back adjustment unit 8 and the torch angle adjustment unit 9 adjust the torch 10 so that the target position matches the groove.

Thereafter, welding is performed by the welding torch 10 while the traveling carriage 4 travels along the rail 3. In this case, the lower edge of the groove 1c is detected by the sensor 11, and the vertical scanning slider 5 moves in the vertical direction based on the detection signal so that the target position of the torch 10 always coincides with the welding line. Is controlled. Further, the distance between the tip of the torch and the work is always kept constant by the pressing roller 12.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the lower edge of the groove 1c is detected by the sensor 11, and the torch 10 is moved up and down in accordance with the detected groove position, so that the target position of the torch is always obtained. Is made to coincide with the welding line, so that the horizontal long welding can be automatically performed with good accuracy. Further, the mounting of the traveling vehicle 4 to the rail 3 is extremely easy, and the preparation time for welding work can be reduced. Further, since the roller 12 is arranged immediately below the target position of the torch, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, even if the thickness of the As a result, the distance between the tip of the torch and the work is kept constant, so that good welding is possible.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing running rollers provided on a welding carriage of a horizontal welding apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the method of supporting the lower running roller is different, and the other configuration is basically the same as the first embodiment. I will explain only. The right half of FIG. 9 shows a state in which the lower traveling roller 14 is urged toward the rail 3 b by the spring 16, and the left half shows the traveling roller 14.
Is shown separated from the rail 3b against the urging force of the spring 16.

In this embodiment, the two lower running rollers 14 are supported at the distal ends of two arms 36 rotatable about the fulcrum 15, respectively.
The other end of 6 is connected to the connecting member 18 by a pin 36a. The connecting member 18 is urged downward by a spring 16. The upper end of the spring 16 is supported by a spring support member 37 that can be moved in the vertical direction by a knob screw 17. By rotating the knob screw 17, the spring 1
6 can be adjusted.

In this embodiment, the lower traveling roller 14 is pressed toward the rail 3b by urging the connecting member 18 downward by the spring 16. A stopper 38 is provided to abut the arm 36 to prevent the lower traveling roller from moving when the traveling carriage 4 is removed from the rail.

When the distance between the upper traveling roller and the lower traveling roller is constant, the traveling carriage may not be able to travel smoothly when the processing accuracy of the rail is poor. However, in this embodiment, the lower traveling roller is always urged toward the rail, and the rail is always sandwiched between the upper traveling roller and the lower traveling roller, so that the traveling is stable even if the processing accuracy of the rail is poor. This has the effect that the user can always move smoothly.

FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b) are a schematic plan view and a top view showing a groove detection sensor mounting portion of a horizontal welding apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Front and back scanning slider 6
A rod-shaped support member 19 is fixed to the lower portion 6a of the support member 19 with its axis vertical. A guide plate 21 provided with an arc-shaped slit 21c at the lower end of the support member 19 is fixed with its surface horizontal. Have been. Under the guide plate 21, a slider fixing portion 21a is rotatably disposed about a fulcrum 21e. A screw 21d is screwed into the slider fixing portion 21a through a slit 21c. By loosening the screw 21d by a lever 39 connected to the screw 21d, the slider fixing portion 21a is turned along the slit 21c. Can be moved, and by tightening the screw 21d with the lever 39,
The slider fixing portion 21a can be fixed to the guide plate 21.

The slider movable part 21b is the slider fixed part 2
1a while being able to move in the axial direction thereof.
The slider movable portion 21b is urged in the axial direction by a spring 22. Groove detection sensor 11
Are supported by the slider movable portion 21b. Furthermore,
A roller 34 is provided at the tip of the slider movable portion 21b so as to maintain a constant distance between the sensor 11 and the work.

In the horizontal welding, for example, in a welding process after the second pass, a facing material (not shown) may be attached to form a weld bead. In the present embodiment, when using the dressing material, the slider fixing portion 21a is rotated by 90 ° along the slit 21c, the groove detection sensor 11 is retracted to the side, and the sensor 11 and the dressing material are Interference can be prevented.

[0035]

As described above, according to the present invention, the distance between the welding torch and the work is kept constant by the torch urging means and the torch guide, and the distance is detected by the work detecting sensor by the torch vertical movement means. The welding torch is moved up and down in accordance with the groove position, so that the target position of the torch can be set even when there is a work assembly error, a change in the groove gap due to the influence of heat during welding, misalignment, and a change in plate thickness. The welding can always be made coincident with the welding line, and the horizontal long welding can be automatically performed with good accuracy.

Further, by providing a flange portion on the work side of the upper running roller and on the opposite side of the work of the lower running roller, the work of mounting the running carriage on the pair of parallel rails becomes extremely easy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a horizontal welding apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a traveling vehicle and rails.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a front / rear scanning slider.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a groove detection sensor.

FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view showing a torch angle adjustment unit.

FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the same.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a state where the thickness of a work is changing.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a traveling roller provided on a welding bogie of a horizontal welding apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a groove detection sensor mounting portion of a horizontal welding device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 11A and 11B are perspective views each showing a conventional horizontal welding apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1a; upright plate 1b; upright plate 1c; lower edge of groove 2; magnet 3, 42; rail 4, 43; traveling carriage 5; vertical scanning slider 6; front / back scanning slider 7; 8; torch front-rear adjustment unit 9, 47; torch angle adjustment unit 10, 46; torch 11, groove detection sensor 12, pressing roller 13, 14, traveling roller 16, 22, spring 31, motor 23, arc-shaped slider 24; Torch fixing part 41; Workpiece 44; Torch up / down adjustment slider 45; Torch front / back adjustment slider

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification symbol FI B23K 9/127 504 B23K 9/127 504B 37/02 37/02 F (56) References JP-A-54-54942 (JP, A) JP-A-54-54942 JP-A-53-118240 (JP, A) JP-A-62-50075 (JP, A)

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] In a horizontal welding apparatus for welding a work including an upper plate and a lower plate in a horizontal position, a traveling bogie that is engaged with a horizontally disposed rail and is movable along the rail. , A welding torch provided on this traveling trolley,
A groove detection sensor provided on the welding trolley for detecting the groove of the work, and the welding torch is moved up and down in accordance with a groove position detected by the groove detection sensor provided on the traveling trolley. Torch vertical moving means,
It has a torch urging means for urging the welding torch toward the work, and a torch guide which contacts the work and regulates a distance between the welding torch and the work to a predetermined value or more. And horizontal welding equipment. 2. The rail according to claim 1, wherein the rail is a pair of parallel rails arranged vertically, and the traveling bogie includes an upper traveling roller provided with a flange portion engageable with a work-side portion above the rail, and a rail. The horizontal welding apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a lower traveling roller provided with a flange portion engageable with a lower work and a part opposite to the lower work. 3. The horizontal welding apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a traveling roller urging means for urging the lower traveling roller upward. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the torch guide contacts the workpiece at a target position of the welding torch in a plane orthogonal to a traveling direction of the traveling bogie. The horizontal welding apparatus as described in the above. 5. A sensor urging means for urging the groove detection sensor in a direction toward the work, and restricting a distance between the groove detection sensor and the work to a predetermined value or more by contacting the work. The horizontal welding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a sensor guide. 6. The horizontal welding apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a torch angle adjusting means for movably supporting the welding torch around its arc point.