JP2742995B2 - Sorting device for small fish - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention
It is a sorting device for small and large small fish and small fish etc. for the purpose of separating and removing impurities (needle, net, small crab, scale, etc.) mixed in landing of riko and other small fish.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At the time of landing of small fish, various impurities such as needles, nets, small crabs, scales, etc. are mixed and landed depending on the season. There is no commercial value when these impurities are mixed, and there are not many companies who buy landing materials in the state of this mixture and boil them even if they are landed at a port.

Therefore, conventionally, there has been a method in which a raw material containing impurities is put into salt water after boiling, and the raw material and the impurities are separated at a specific gravity. However, this method reduces the freshness of small fish, which is a raw material, causing rot and the like, and also impairs the color and luster at the time of finishing, thereby significantly reducing the commercial value. Also, when boiling
In the selection in the cooking pot, the impurities and the raw material are not sufficiently separated, so that the selection and removal in the cooking pot are almost impossible. Therefore, in order to perform complete separation, there is no alternative but to sort and separate after boiling.

In this sorting and separating method, raw materials and the like are separated into pieces by boiling, and sorted by an improved toy type sorter or the like. According to this method, the mixture is blown off by the wind, and the heavy ones fall close to each other, and the light ones fly far away to perform separation and sorting.

[0005] However, in this method, it was only possible to sufficiently utilize a mixture which had been dried to some extent. At the time of frying, a large amount of water is also attached to the mixture, but impurities to be separated and removed also contain a large amount of water. Therefore, the raw material and the impurities cannot be sufficiently separated only by the blowing-out method, and the effect is not sufficient. In order to sufficiently separate and remove the raw materials, the feed rate of the raw materials must be reduced to suppress the amount of the raw materials to be blown off, and the sorting effect must be brought out.

[0006] Even if the mixture is sufficiently dry, the method of only blowing away can separate the near and far positions to some extent, but the raw material and impurities are inevitably mixed in the middle of the mixture. It was not possible to separate them.

[0007] There are other sorting devices that utilize the properties of static electricity. However, in this case, the static electricity generating device is considerably more expensive than commercially available ventilation fans, and it is difficult to use the entire sorting device. In addition, even if it can be used for the entire sorting apparatus, the method using static electricity is difficult to forcibly adsorb impurities such as a ventilation fan, and it is not possible to perform sufficient separation, sorting and removing work. It cannot be sorted out.

On the other hand, small and large small fish, such as whitebait, have an average length of about 2 cm, but at the time of landing, both large and small fish are always present. Sorting of whitebait increases the value of the product, so it may be necessary to manually sort large and small whitefish. However, in most cases, the labor is omitted, and large and small daisies are shipped together. In this case, the commercial value decreases.

[0009]

The above-mentioned conventional separation / separation method uses wind power, so that the raw material cannot be processed unless it is dried to some extent, and the raw material and impurities are not sufficiently separated in the air when blown off. However, there is a problem that a mixture containing a large amount of water such as deep-fried pot cannot exert its effect sufficiently. Further, impurities may fall on the raw material such as small fish blown away in the foreground, and the raw material often blows off and mixes with the impurity blown away. Therefore, it has not been possible to sufficiently separate and remove the raw material.

[0010] Further, in this method, the distance (space) to be blown off is greatly affected. That is, if the amount of air to be blown off is small, the distance to be blown is short. However, in this case, since the material is not sufficiently scattered in the air, the raw material and impurities fall to almost constant places, and the separation is hardly performed.
On the other hand, if the blown wind force is increased, the flying distance increases, and it may not be suitable for a processing space with a small space. Also, when fried in a kettle, small fish etc. contain a lot of water, so the fish itself is weak, and if the wind power is strong, the fish may break when falling and scales etc. will fall off, reducing the commercial value. .

An object of the present invention is to automatically perform the work of separating small fish from impurities and the work of separating large and small fish, which were conventionally performed manually, by using wind power to increase the processing capacity and improve the fish body. The purpose is to separate and sort without hurting.

[0012]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a combination of a wind power and a mesh belt or the like to simultaneously perform a blowing operation and an adsorbing operation, and simultaneously quickly remove impurities and the like from the outside. Or small and large fish were sorted out.

[0013] Specifically, first, a lower conveyor for conveying a mixture of small fish and a mixture of smaller fish, or a mixture of small fish of different sizes, and an upper portion facing above the lower conveyor. Conveyors are provided, and both these conveyors are constituted by belts through which air such as a mesh belt can pass, and a blow-up nozzle for blowing up the mixture on the lower belt on the transport side is provided on the lower conveyor, and
The upper conveyor is provided with a negative pressure portion for adsorbing the contaminants blown up on the upper belt facing the lower belt and a discharge portion for discharging the contaminants adsorbed on the upper belt downstream of the lower belt. And

In this sorting apparatus, a blow-up nozzle for blowing up the mixture on the lower belt is provided in the lower conveyor, so that the mixture of small fish and the like carried in by the lower conveyor is blown up by a lightweight mixture therein. Since a negative pressure part for adsorbing the contaminants blown upward by the nozzle and adsorbing the contaminants to the belt and a discharge part for discharging the contaminants adsorbed downstream thereof are provided on the upper conveyor, The soft fish can be selected from the mixture without giving a great impact to the fish bodies.

Second, at least one of the blow-up nozzle and the negative pressure section is provided with pressure adjusting means for adjusting the blow-up pressure and the suction pressure. By this pressure adjusting means, sorting at the time of blowing by the lower conveyor,
Alternatively, since the selection at the time of adsorption by the upper conveyor can be adjusted, the selection of small fish can be arbitrarily adjusted.

Third, the periphery is partitioned by a shielding material so that the blown-up mixture does not scatter from between the upper and lower conveyors, and the shielding material is a mesh material made of a water-repellent material. It is characterized by the following. The shielding material of this sorting device prevents the mixture from being scattered by the blow-up nozzle. When the mesh material is made of a water-repellent material, even if the mixture contains moisture, it does not adhere to the shielding material.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a side view for explaining a first embodiment of a small fish sorting apparatus. The sorting apparatus 1 includes a lower conveyor 2 and an upper conveyor 3 provided above the lower conveyor 2. The left end of the lower conveyor 2 in the figure is an input port 2a, and the right end is an outlet 2b, between which processing blocks including a separation unit 4 for sorting small fish are formed in multiple stages in the feeding direction of the lower conveyor 2. Further, each of the conveyors 2 and 3 is provided with a drive unit 5 and 6, and the lower part is provided with wheels 7 and 7 to constitute a movable unit.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. The lower belt 2c of the lower conveyor 2 and the upper belt 3a of the upper conveyor 3 are mesh belts through which air can pass.

The smaller the mesh size of the upper belt 3a is, the smaller the dust in the impurities does not pass and can be prevented from scattering to the outside. However, if the mesh size is too small, the suction force may be reduced. Moreover, even if it is too large, it will suck up raw materials such as small fish. Therefore, the size of the eye is, for example, about 0.1 mm to 30 mm. However, depending on the size of the fish body, values lower than or higher than the above values can be adopted, and in these cases, this effect is not significantly reduced.

A blow-up nozzle 8 for blowing air to the separation units 4 through the lower belt 2c is provided in a chassis 2d of the lower conveyor 2. The blow-up nozzle 8 enables air volume control, and blows up a relatively light mixture in the lower conveyor 2 with such an intensity that it reaches the upper conveyor 3.

Between the reciprocating upper belts 3a, 3a,
A negative pressure section 9 for sucking air from the separation section 4 via an upper belt 3a facing the lower conveyor 2 is provided. The negative pressure section 9 is controlled so that the suction air volume is variable, and sucks such that a relatively light one of the blown-up mixture is adsorbed on the lower surface of the belt 3a.

The separating portion 4 is divided into four sides by a shielding member 10 corresponding to the negative pressure portion 9 so that the small fish and the like are not scattered around when being blown up. By using a net made of a water-repellent material such as nylon, in addition to the steel plate or the like, the shielding material 10 can prevent the blown-up mixture from adhering due to the moisture.

A discharge section 11 is formed adjacent to the separation section 4. The discharge unit 11 is provided with a blow-down nozzle 12 and a scraping brush 13 on the downstream side of the upper conveyor 3, and a discharge gutter 14 is provided below the discharge nozzle 11 across the lower conveyor 2. The blow-off nozzle 12 blows air downward from the upper surface side of the upper belt 3a, and blows off the adhering material attached to the lower surface. The scraping brush 13 rotates in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the upper belt 3a, and scrapes off the adhering substances adhering to the lower surface thereof.
The discharge gutter 14 guides the adsorbed material dropped from the upper belt 3 a to the side of the lower conveyor 2.

The operation of the apparatus for sorting small fish and the like having the above-described configuration will be described below. Small fish, such as landed shirasu, burrs and iriko, are a mixture containing impurities such as needles, nets, small crabs and scales. When the fried or dried mixture is supplied to the inlet 2a of the lower conveyor 2 formed of a mesh belt for transporting the product, the mixture is transported to the outlet 2b side.

At this time, the lower belt 2c of the lower conveyor 2
The high-pressure air (air) is blown out from a blow-up nozzle 8 below the raw material, and the raw material mixed with impurities is blown up. At this time, the air source of the high-pressure air uses a blower, a fan, and a ventilation fan, and the air volume and the air pressure of the high-pressure air can be adjusted by pressure adjusting means such as a damper or an inverter control.

An upper conveyor 3 is provided above the separation section 4 from which the mixture has been blown up, and the upper conveyor 3 has a lower belt 3a so that the blown-up impurities can be applied to the upper belt 3a and adhered to the upper belt 3a without damaging the raw fish. The air volume and air pressure from the blowing nozzle 8 are adjusted. That is, instead of being blown up, it is blown up so as to be scattered in the space of the separation section 4 between the lower conveyor 2 and the upper conveyor 3, and is blown up to be heavier than impurities to be removed without blowing to the upper belt 3 a. Attach only the desired impurities.

As a result, since the small fish and the like are slightly heavier than the impurities, they do not scatter as high as the impurities even when subjected to the same wind pressure. By adjusting the suction force of the suction device 21 or the like, it is possible to effectively adsorb and separate only the highly scattered impurities. In addition, by applying the raw material of the small fish to be sorted to the upper belt 3a with such a strength that the fish is not damaged, impurities strongly adhering to the raw fish can be effectively removed by the reaction.

Then, the upper belt 3a on which impurities are adsorbed
By rotating, only the impurities are taken out of the part. It is effective if the upper belt 3a is continuously used by being rotated by a motor drive or the like. However, even if the upper belt 3a is used by reciprocating within a certain range, the work efficiency is slightly lowered, but the work content is not significantly hindered. is there.

In addition, impurities containing a large amount of water such as fried in a kettle are discharged while adhering to the upper belt 3a. In this case, impurities adhering to the upper belt 3a due to vibration of the apparatus itself due to a motor, a blower, and the like. However, there is a risk of falling on the separated raw material. Further, it is considered that impurities adhering to the raw material that has been dried to some extent are not dried on the upper belt 3a because the impurities are naturally dried.

Further, since the air is constantly blown out from the lower blowing nozzles 8..., The deposits adhere to the upper belt 3a for a certain period of time, but since the upper belt 3a is rotating. If it moves to a place where the air from below does not hit much, it is considered that impurities are separated from the upper belt 3a by its own weight and fall on the raw material. In this case, the air volume and the air pressure of the blower 21 and the fan 22 are controlled and adjusted by the damper 24 and the inverter so that the suction force of the negative pressure section 9 can be easily adjusted. Effectively responding to various situations such as the drying condition of the raw material, the amount of impurities, the type of impurities, etc., only impurities can be efficiently separated and removed.

As described above, if impurities adhering to the upper belt 3a are conveyed while being adsorbed on the lower surface of the upper belt 3a by using a suction device having pressure adjusting means such as a blower 21 and a fan 22, the impurities fall. It can be discharged to the outside without performing.

The distance between the lower conveyor 2 and the upper conveyor 3 on the raw material transfer side can be arbitrarily determined according to the size of the small fish, the amount of impurities, the type of impurities, and the like. And
Considering the effect and the space of the processing site, it is considered best to set the interval to 10 cm to 3 m or less. However, other intervals do not significantly impair this effect.

When the raw material and impurities are blown up by the blowing nozzle 8, a shielding material 10 is used so that the raw material and the like do not scatter from the lower conveyor 2 to the front, rear, left and right. And since the mixture contains a lot of water at the time of frying, it is preferable to use a water-repellent material such as nylon as the shielding material 10 in order to prevent a large amount of raw materials from adhering to the surface as described above. preferable.

After that, the upper conveyor 3 separates the separating section 4.
The impurities sent to the outside are no longer applied by the suction force of the negative pressure portion 9 and fall naturally, and are forcibly dropped by the blow-off nozzle 12 and the scraping brush 13. The removal of the impurities is performed by the discharge gutter 14 and the discharge gutter 1.
By providing a discharge belt conveyor instead of 4,
Can be removed.

Further, the present apparatus is not limited to the separation and sorting of small fish and impurities as described above, and is applicable to a case where large and small small fish, for example, a mixture of about 4 cm in length and about 2 cm of whitebait are mixed. Applicable to sorting. That is, when two types of small fish are mixed, the smaller fish is blown up in the same manner as the impurities described above, and the upper belt 3a
It is absorbed and transported.

Further, by individually adjusting the blowing pressure of the multi-stage processing block and the suction pressure of the negative pressure section, the size of the discharged material separated at each stage can be adjusted. For this reason, it is possible to further separate small fish of an intermediate size or to separate impurities for each processing block. In other words, the size of the small fish can be sorted into a plurality of types such as large, medium, and small, and the batch processing of separation and sorting of a plurality of impurities can be performed. By setting the mesh by replacing the belt and adjusting the dimensions between the upper and lower conveyors, the sorting accuracy can be improved.

FIGS. 3 to 6 show examples of the cross section taken along line AA of FIG. The first embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is an example in which the negative pressure section 9 protrudes from the upper conveyor 3 to the side thereof and communicates with a blower 21 provided on the side of the lower conveyor 2 to discharge air. The second embodiment of FIG. 4 is an example in which a fan 22 is provided in the negative pressure section 9 to discharge air upward. The third embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is an example in which the negative pressure section 9 protrudes to the side from the upper conveyor 3 and is discharged to the side by the fan 22 of the negative pressure section 9. 23 is a net for preventing scattering.

The blow-up nozzle, the blower of the negative pressure section, the fan, and the like are provided with pressure control means (not shown) such as an inverter control so that the blow-up pressure and the suction pressure of the negative pressure section can be adjusted.

In the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a rectifying damper 24 having a variable inclination angle is provided in the negative pressure section 9 to constitute a pressure adjusting means.
This is an example in which the air is discharged to the side of the lower conveyor by the fan 22 of the negative pressure section. A damper 24 is provided in the negative pressure section 9 and the discharge side 9 is provided.
a is provided with a fan 22 and a scattering prevention net 23.

FIG. 7 is a side view of a main part of a second embodiment of a sorting device for small fish and the like. The same members as those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. The sorting device 31 configures the upper conveyor 3 to be thin, and configures the negative pressure section 9 on the upper side thereof,
The negative pressure section 9 faces the separation section 4 via the reciprocating two-layer upper belts 3a, 3a.

FIGS. 8 to 11 show embodiments of the cross section taken along line BB of FIG. The first embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is an example in which the negative pressure section 9 protrudes from the upper conveyor 3 to the side thereof and communicates with a blower 21 provided on the side of the lower conveyor 2 to discharge air. The second embodiment shown in FIG. 9 is an example in which a fan 22 is provided in the negative pressure section 9 to discharge air upward. The third embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is an example in which the negative pressure section 9 projects from the upper conveyor 3 to the side and is discharged to the side by the fan 22 of the negative pressure section 9.

The fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 11 is an example in which an adjusting damper 24 having a variable inclination angle is provided in the negative pressure section 9 to constitute a pressure adjusting means, and the negative pressure section 9 is discharged to the side by the fan 22. is there.

FIG. 12 is a side view of a third embodiment of a small fish sorting apparatus. The same members as those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. The sorting apparatus 41 has upper conveyors 3 and 3 mounted at right angles to the lower conveyor 2 and has two stages of processing blocks in which the separation between the upper and lower conveyors is a separation unit 4 and 4 in the feeding direction of the lower conveyor 2. A negative pressure section 9 is formed in the upper conveyor 3, a damper 24 is provided in the negative pressure section 9, and a fan 22 and a scattering prevention net 23 are provided on the discharge side 9a.

FIG. 13 is a plan view of FIG. 12, and FIG.
It is CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The upper conveyors 3, 3 protrude to the side of the lower conveyor 2, and the protrusions 42 are provided with the scraping brushes 13 shown in FIG. 14, so that the discharge units 11 can be collectively provided on the side of the lower conveyor 2. it can.

FIG. 15 shows another embodiment of the cross section taken along line CC of FIG. This is an example in which the upper conveyor 3 is configured to be thin, and a negative pressure section 9 is formed on the upper side thereof, and the negative pressure section 9 faces the separation section 4 via upper and lower reciprocating belts 3a, 3a.

As described above, the lower conveyor 2 for transferring the raw material is used.
Various configurations for mounting the upper conveyor 3 for removing impurities can freely determine the direction in which impurities are taken out according to the space of the processing plant and the structure of the building.

As described above, the apparatus for sorting small fish or the like according to the present invention blows up relatively light impurities or mixed substances such as small fishes onto the upper belt, and blows up the blower,
Suction is performed by a suction device configured using a fan. The contaminants, such as impurities, adsorbed on the upper belt are separated by rotating and transporting the raw materials and impurities, or small and large fishes reliably and without damaging the raw materials, and only the contaminants are removed to the outside. Can be.

[0048]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the blower nozzle for blowing up the mixture on the lower belt is provided in the lower conveyor, the mixture of small fish and the like carried in by the lower conveyor is removed from the lower conveyor. A light-weight mixture inside is blown upward by a blow-up nozzle, and a negative pressure section for adsorbing the blown mixture on the belt and a discharge section for discharging the mixture adsorbed downstream of the belt Is provided on the upper conveyor, so that the small fish which is a soft material can be sorted out from the mixture without giving a large impact.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, at least one of the blowing nozzle and the negative pressure section is provided with pressure adjusting means for adjusting the blowing pressure and the suction pressure.
Since the sorting at the time of blowing up by the lower conveyor or the sorting at the time of adsorption by the upper conveyor can be adjusted, the sorting of small fish can be arbitrarily adjusted.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the peripheral edge is defined by the shielding material between the upper and lower conveyors, the shielding material prevents the mixture from being scattered by the blow-up nozzle. Since the screener is made of a mesh material made of a water-repellent material, even if the mixture contains moisture, the mixture does not adhere to the screener and can be continuously and stably screened.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view for explaining a first embodiment of a sorting device for small fish and the like;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a first embodiment of a section taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a second embodiment of the section taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a third embodiment of the section taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a fourth embodiment of the section taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is an explanatory side view showing a main part of a second embodiment of a sorting device for small fish and the like.

8 is a first embodiment of the section taken along line BB in FIG. 7;

9 is a second embodiment of the section taken along line BB of FIG. 7;

10 is a third embodiment of the section taken along line BB of FIG. 7;

FIG. 11 is a fourth embodiment of the section taken along line BB of FIG. 7;

FIG. 12 is a side view for explaining a third embodiment of the sorting device for small fish and the like.

FIG. 13 is a plan view of the sorting device of FIG.

14 is an example of a cross section taken along line CC of FIG.

15 is another example of a cross section taken along line CC of FIG. 12;

[Description of sign]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Sorting apparatus of small fish etc. (1st Embodiment) 2 ... Lower conveyor 2a ... Inlet 2b ... Outlet 2c ... Lower belt 3 ... Upper conveyor 3a ... Upper belt 4 ... Separation part 7 ... Wheel 8 ... Blow-up nozzle Reference Signs List 9 negative pressure section 10 shielding material 11 discharge section 12 blow-off nozzle 13 scraping brush 14 discharge gutter 21 blower 22 fan 24 damper 31 sorting apparatus (second embodiment) 41 sorting Apparatus (third embodiment) 42 Projecting portion

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A lower conveyor for conveying a mixture of small fish and a smaller mixture thereof, and an upper conveyor facing above the lower conveyor, and both of these conveyors allow air such as a mesh belt to pass therethrough. A vacuum nozzle provided on the lower conveyor to blow up the mixture on the lower belt, which is the conveying side, and for adsorbing the mixture blown up by the upper belt facing the lower belt. An apparatus for sorting small fish or the like, characterized in that a discharge section for discharging mixed substances adsorbed on the upper belt on the downstream side thereof is provided on the upper conveyor. 2. The small fish or the like according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the blow-up nozzle and the negative pressure section is provided with a pressure adjusting means for adjusting the blow-up pressure and the suction pressure. Sorting device. 3. The shielding device according to claim 1, wherein a peripheral edge of the conveyor is divided between the upper and lower conveyors.
Or the sorting device of small fish etc. of Claim 2. 4. The sorting device for small fish or the like according to claim 3, wherein the shielding member is formed of a mesh member made of a water-repellent material.