JP2733570B2 - Two-story wooden building - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a two-story wooden building with improved vibration proof and sound proof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional two-story wooden building, a timber structure having a base, a joist, a pillar and a beam is used, and a tenon of a pillar and a tenon of a beam are fitted and assembled. Things are well known. In addition, as a conventional two-story wooden building,
There is one disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 38101/38. That is, a two-story wooden building is constructed by surrounding four sides with the floor panel and the ceiling panel and the wall panel.

[0003]

However, in the prior art, since the pillar and the beam are in direct contact with each other, vibrations and sounds of walking and running on the second floor are transmitted through the beam and the pillar.
There was a problem that it was easily transmitted to the floor. In particular, in a two-story wooden building surrounded on all sides with plate materials, the structure and strength of the structure made it easy for vibration and sound to be transmitted from the floor to the beams and columns.

The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a two-story wooden building with improved vibration proof and sound proof.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, a two-story wooden building according to the present invention according to claim 1 has a frame having a base, a joist, columns and beams. In a multi-storey wooden building, the first floor pillar has a tenon at the upper end,
The first floor beam has a tenon, and the tenon and the tenon are fitted with a rubber body interposed between the upper end of the first floor pillar and the first floor beam. I do.

[0006] In this specification, the concept of "beam" includes a girder. In addition, the concept of “pillar” includes a pillar, a stud, and a bundle.
The first-floor pillar may have a tenon at the lower end thereof fitted into a tenon of the base via a rubber body. The rubber body may or may not be bonded to the first floor pillar or first floor beam.

In the two-story wooden building according to the first aspect of the present invention, the vibration and sound of the second floor are transmitted from the floor of the second floor to the beam for the first floor. The sound is absorbed by the rubber body and is not easily transmitted to the first floor pillar. For this reason, the vibration and sound of the second floor can be made difficult to resonate with the first floor. In addition, the rubber body absorbs vertical shaking due to earthquakes, etc.,
suppress.

In a two-story wooden building according to a second aspect of the present invention, in the two-story wooden building according to the first aspect, the rubber body covers the tenon. In this case, it is possible to suppress the vibration and sound of the second floor from being transmitted from the tenon to the first floor pillar. In addition, the rubber body can absorb dimensional errors of the tenon and tenon.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a two-story wooden building according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, wherein the two-story wooden building has a metal fitting over a side surface of a pillar and a side surface of a beam. Is characterized by being fixed to columns and beams with a rubber plate interposed.

In this case, the vibration and sound transmitted from the floor on the second floor to the beam for the first floor are absorbed by the rubber plate and are hardly transmitted to the metal fittings. For this reason, it is possible to suppress the vibration and sound of the second floor from being transmitted to the first floor through the metal fittings. When the metal fittings are condensed, the moisture is blocked by the rubber plate and does not adhere to wood such as columns and beams. Therefore, it is possible to prevent these woods from being rotten by containing moisture.

In a four-story wooden building according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the two-story wooden building according to the first, second or third aspect is fixed to an upper side of a joist, an outer side of a column, and an upper side of a beam. It is covered with a plate material so that the inside is closed except for the mounting points of the window and the door frame.The plate material is covered with aluminum foil on one side and covered with a moisture-proof synthetic resin on the other side to provide airtightness and moisture-proofness. Having a feature.

In this case, since the inside is covered with the plate material so as to be hermetically sealed, the rigidity of the plate material enhances the entire structure. Since the plate constituting the ceiling is fixed above the beam, even if a certain amount of weight is applied to the plate in the ceiling, the weight is directly applied to the beam. Therefore, even when roof material falls on the ceiling due to an earthquake or the like, the effect of preventing the ceiling from falling down due to the weight is high. Further, since the plate material is provided on the upper side of the beam and has a flat surface, when the roof is constructed, it is possible to work on the plate material, and the safety and workability are high. Moreover, airtightness and moistureproofness can be given to the room by the plate material, and the heating effect and the cooling effect can be enhanced. Vibrations and sounds that are easily transmitted due to the rigid structure are absorbed by the rubber body and are not easily transmitted from the second floor to the first floor.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the two-story wooden building according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the plate member is fixed above the beam for the first floor in the two-story wooden building of the fourth aspect. The inside of the first floor and the inside of the second floor are covered with the above-mentioned plate members so as to be sealed, respectively, except for the mounting part and the stairs. In this case, the structure becomes more rigid, and the earthquake resistance can be improved.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 12 show an embodiment of the present invention. When constructing the two-story wooden house 10 shown in FIG.
And construct. The base 11 is 1.5 times the height of the normal base.
It is twice to twice as high and has a height that is the sum of the height of the normal base and the height of the joist. A notch for supporting the joist 12 is formed in the base 11, and the end of the joist 12 is fitted into the notch to fix the joist 12 to the base 11. Thereby, the upper surfaces of the base 11 and the joist 12 are made horizontal.

Next, a heat insulating material 13 is spread between the joists 12 without gaps. As shown in FIG. 4, the base 11 and the joist 1
The floor plate 14 is stretched over 2. The plate 14 is
It extends to reach the outer surface of the base 11 and is provided so as to cover the entire upper surface of the base 11. The plate 14 has one side covered with aluminum foil and the other side covered with a moisture-proof synthetic resin, and has airtightness and moisture-proofness. The board 14 has a thickness of 4 m
m, width 910mm, length 3030mm, about 8kg
Are suitable. Each plate member 14 firmly connects the end faces to each other. Then, the plate 14 is fixed to the joist 12 with a nail. An adhesive moisture-proof and airtight tape 15 is attached to the portion of the plate member 14 fixed with the nail so as to hide the nail head (FIG. 10).
reference). In addition, the joint between the respective plate members 14 is closed with an adhesive moisture-proof and airtight tape 15.

A mortise is formed in the base 11, and the pillar 16a and the stud 16b (see FIG. 8) are fitted into the mortise, and the pillar 16a and the stud 16b are erected vertically on the base 11,
a and the stud 16b are fixed (see FIG. 9). Pillar 16a
And, outside the studs 16b, the plate material 14 for the first-floor wall portion is stretched except for the attachment portions of the window and the door frame. Plate 14
Is fixed to the pillars 16a and the studs 16b with nails, and the adhesive moisture-proof airtight tape 15 is attached thereon. Each plate 14
And the joint between the end surface of the floor plate 14 and the side surface of the first-floor plate 14 are made of an adhesive moisture-proof and airtight tape 1.
Close with 5. At the place where the window and the door frame are mounted, the plate 14 is extended until it reaches the inside of the pillar 16a, and the resin sash is mounted thereon. An adhesive moisture-proof airtight tape 15 is attached to the mounting portion of the resin sash.

As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the pillar 16
a has a tenon 31 at the upper end. 1st floor beam (girder) 17
a has a concave portion 32 in the lower portion and a mortise 33 in the concave portion 32. A tenon 31 and a tenon hole 33 are fitted with a rubber body 34 interposed between the upper end of the pillar 16a and the first floor beam 17a. The rubber body 34 includes a square rubber plate portion 34a and a tenon cover portion 34b. The rubber plate portion 34a covers the upper end surface of the pillar 16a, and the tenon cover portion 34b covers the tenon 31. The rubber plate portion 34a fits into the recess 32. Mortise coating 34
b is in close contact with the mortise 34 and the mortise hole 33 when they are fitted. Thus, the beam (girder) 17a,
17b and fix it. The stud 16b is a pillar 16a
In the same manner as described above, it can be fixed to the beams 17a and 17b.

As shown in FIG. 2, a rubber body 35 may be used instead of the rubber body 34. The rubber body 35 is plate-shaped and has a hole through which the tenon 31 passes in the center. When the rubber body 35 is used, a tenon passing through the hole of the rubber body 34 is formed by interposing the rubber body 34 between the upper end of the pillar 16a and the first floor beam 17a without forming the concave portion 32 in the beam 17a. The mortise 31 and the mortise 33 are fitted.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a metal fitting 36 is fixed to the side surface of the pillar 16a and the side surface of the beam 17a. The metal fitting 36 is made of a T-shaped iron plate, and has a pillar 16a.
Are fixed to them by nails 37 along the direction in which the beam 17a extends and the direction in which the beam 17a extends. A rubber plate 38 is interposed between the metal fitting 36 and the side surfaces of the pillar 16a and the beam 17a.
The rubber plate 38 has a T-shape slightly larger than the metal fitting 36 and is interposed therebetween to separate the metal fitting 36 from the column 16a and the beam 17a. The thickness of the rubber plate 38 is about 1 to 2 mm. An adhesive moisture-proof and airtight tape 15 is attached to a portion of the metal fitting 36 fixed with the nail 37 so as to hide the nail head. Stud 16
Metal fittings 36 can be attached to b and beams 17a and 17b in the same manner as pillar 16a. In addition to metal fittings 36, metal parts such as bolts can be directly attached to wood such as pillars and beams.
A rubber plate is sandwiched between the contacting portions.

A board-shaped heat insulating plate 18 is attached to the outside of the plate material 14 for the first floor wall. As shown in FIG. 8, at the positions corresponding to the pillars 16 a and the studs 16 b outside the heat insulating plate 18, the rim material 19 is fixed with mounting screws, and the rim material 1 is fixed.
An outer wall material 20 is fixed on the top 9. The thickness of the frame material 19 is 1
The gap between the heat insulating plate 18 and the outer wall material 20 becomes the ventilation layer 21. Pillar 16a and stud 16b
The interior base board 22 is fixed to the interior side of the vehicle.

As shown in FIG. 4, beams 17a and 17b have
Overlay the hut-structured joist 23. Each base joist 23
Place at intervals. By using the base joist 23 having the same size as the joist 12, the cost of the product can be stabilized. Notches for supporting the base joists 23 are formed in the beams 17a and 17b, and the ends of the base joists 23 are fitted into the cutouts to fix the base joists 23 to the beams 17a and 17b. Thereby, the beams 17a and 17b and the foundation joist 23
Is the horizontal plane. On the beams 17a and 17b and the base joist 23, the plate material 14 for the ceiling on the first floor is stretched. The respective plate members 14 are joined at the upper ends of the beams 17a and 17b or the upper ends of the base joists 23. The plate material 14 is fixed to the base joist 23 with nails, and an adhesive moisture-proof and airtight tape 15 is attached thereon. The joint of each plate material 14 and the corner joint with the plate material 14 for the first floor wall are closed with an adhesive moisture-proof and airtight tape 15.

The second-floor column 24 is erected on the beam 17b and fixed. The plate material 14 for the second-floor wall is stretched over the outside of the second-floor pillar 24 except for the mounting portion of the window. The plate member 14 is a pillar 2 for the second floor.
4 with a nail, and then apply an adhesive and moisture-proof airtight tape 15
Attach. The joint between each plate member 14 and the joint with the plate member 14 for the first-floor ceiling is closed with an adhesive moisture-proof and airtight tape 15. These operations can be performed on the plate material 14 for the ceiling part on the first floor.

The ceiling on the second floor has a beam 1 above the second floor column 24.
Stretch 7c and fix it. A ceiling joist is stretched over the beam 17c. A notch for supporting the ceiling joist is formed in the beam 17c, and the end of the ceiling joist is fitted into the notch to fix the ceiling joist to the beam 17c. Thus, the upper surfaces of the beam 17c and the ceiling joist are made horizontal. The plate 14 is stretched on the beams 17c and the ceiling joists. The plate 14 is fixed to the ceiling joist with nails, and an adhesive moisture-proof and airtight tape 15 is attached thereon. Joint 14 of each plate 14 and plate 14 for the second-floor wall
Is sealed with an adhesive moisture-proof and airtight tape 15. Thus, having a frame composed of a base, a joist, a column, and a beam,
As shown in FIG. 6, a box-shaped structure in which the inside of the first floor and the inside of the second floor are covered with the plate material 14 except for the mounting portions of the window and the door frame and the stairs is completed.

As shown in FIG. 4, the plate material 14 for the second floor wall is provided.
A board-shaped heat insulating plate 18 is attached to the outside of the device. Beam 1
A receiving tree 25 is mounted on the plate member 14 on the beam 7c. By attaching the receiving wood 25, the plate 14
Can be prevented from being damaged by the rafters and the ventilation layer can be prevented from being blocked by the heat insulating material. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, rafters 26 and 27 are respectively provided on the upper part of the hut-structured base joist 23 and the upper part of the ceiling joist.
Is provided. The rafters 26 and 27 are provided with a bundle 28 of shed.

When attaching the bundle 28, first, as shown in FIG. 11, a tenon 29 having a rectangular cross section is formed in the beam 17b and the plate 14 above the beam 17b. The bundle 28 has a tenon 28a at the lower end. The mortise hole 29 is covered with the adhesive moisture-proof and airtight tape 15 from above the plate 14. A cut 29a is made in the adhesive moisture-proof airtight tape 15 with a cutter along the diagonal of the mortise hole 29. The tenon 28a of the bundle 28 is fitted into the tenon 29 from above the cut 29a. Further, as shown in FIG. 12, an insertion hole is opened with a chisel in the plate material 14 near the lower end of the bundle 28 along the bundle 28, and a thin metal handpiece 30b placed on the rubber plate 30a is inserted into the insertion hole. . Hardware 30b
Is fixed together with the rubber plate 30a into the bundle 28 and the beam 17b with a dedicated nail and fixed. Thus, the bundle 28 can be securely attached.

Next, the operation will be described. 2-storey house 10
As shown in FIG. 6, is a box-shaped frame structure, and the inside is covered so as to be hermetically sealed by the plate member 14. Therefore, the rigidity of the plate member 14 enhances the entire structure, and the durability is high. Especially,
Since the inside of the first floor and the inside of the second floor are covered with the plate material 14 so as to be hermetically sealed, the structure is considerably solid and the earthquake resistance is high.

As shown in FIG. 4, the plate members 14 constituting the first and second floor ceilings are fixed above the beams 17a, 17b and 17c, so that the ceiling plate 14 has a certain weight. The weight of the beams 17a, 17
b, 17c directly. Therefore, even when a twisting force is applied to a house due to an earthquake or the like, or roof material falls on the ceiling, the effect of preventing the ceiling from falling down due to the weight is high, and the earthquake resistance is excellent.

In the case of a rigid structure having a box shape as a whole, vibration and sound are generally easily transmitted. However, in the house 10, as shown in FIG. 1, the rubber body 34 is provided between the upper end of the first floor pillar 16a and the first floor beam 17a. Therefore, the vibration and sound on the second floor are changed from the second floor to the first floor beam 17.
The vibrations and sounds transmitted to the first floor beams 17a and 17b are transmitted to the first floor beams 16a and 17b, and are hardly transmitted to the first floor columns 16a and the studs 16b. For this reason,
Vibration and sound on the second floor can be made difficult to resonate on the first floor.
In particular, the rubber body 34 is composed of a tenon 3 of the pillar 16a and the stud 16b.
Since the entire upper end portion including the first floor is covered, vibration and sound of the second floor can be suppressed from being transmitted from the tenon 31 to the first floor pillar 16a and the stud 16b. Mortise 3 with rubber body 34
The dimensional error of the mortise 1 and the mortise 33 can also be absorbed. The rubber body 34 also serves to absorb and suppress the vertical sway of the column 16a due to an earthquake, particularly a direct earthquake.

In the house 10, as shown in FIG. 3, the metal fitting 36 has a pillar 16a, a stud 16b, a beam 17a,
Since it is fixed to 17b, the structure is sturdy. Since the metal fittings 36 are fixed to these with a rubber plate 38 interposed therebetween, vibrations and sounds transmitted from the floor on the second floor to the first floor beams 17a and 17b are absorbed by the rubber plates 38 and are hardly transmitted to the metal fittings 36. . For this reason, it is possible to suppress the vibration and sound of the second floor from being transmitted to the first floor through the metal fitting 36. When the metal fittings 36 are condensed, the moisture is blocked by the rubber plate 38, and the columns 16a and the studs 16b and the beams 17a and 17
It does not adhere to wood such as b. For this reason, these woods can be prevented from rotting by containing moisture, and the durability can be enhanced. The nail 37 for fixing the metal fitting 36 is hardly rusted because the nail head is covered with the adhesive moisture-proof airtight tape 15. Even in the case of metal parts other than the metal fittings 36, by interposing a rubber plate between woods such as pillars, vibration and noise can be suppressed, and wood such as pillars and beams can be prevented from being damaged by condensation.

Further, since the ceiling portion has airtightness and moisture-proofness due to the plate member 14, even if rain leaks on the roof, the rain is blocked by the plate member 14 to prevent rain from entering the room. it can. Furthermore, beams 17a and 17b and beam 1
Since the plate material 14 is provided on the upper side of 7c and has a flat surface, when constructing a roof such as fixing rafters 26 and 27, the plate material 14 is placed on the plate material 14 on the first and second floor ceilings. It is safe to work on without having to worry about stepping off the beam as in the past.

The plate 14 is covered with aluminum foil on one side and covered with a moisture-proof synthetic resin on the other side, and has airtightness and moistureproofness, so that the room can be provided with airtightness and moistureproofness. The effect and the cooling effect can be enhanced. In a cold area, by providing the plate member 14 with the aluminum foil side facing inward, the interior can be kept warm without radiating the radiant heat inside to the outside. Conversely, in a hot area, by providing the plate member 14 with the aluminum foil side facing outward, radiant heat from the outside can be reflected outward, and the room can be kept cool. Thereby, an excellent energy-saving house can be made. The plate 14 has better workability and better work efficiency than a conventional airtight method using a vinyl sheet.

Since the joint of each plate 14 is closed with the adhesive moisture-proof and airtight tape 15, heat can be prevented from escaping from the joint of each plate 14 and the inside airtightness and moistureproofness can be improved. The nail head of the plate 14 is made of an adhesive moisture-proof airtight tape 15
The nails increase the durability of the nail, thereby increasing the durability of the entire house. In the attachment portion of the bundle 28, the cutout 2 of the adhesive moisture-proof airtight tape 15 is formed.
9a is the plate 14 and the beam 17 by the tenon 28a of the bundle 28.
B is folded inside the mortise 29 to fill the gap between the mortise 29 and the mortise 28 a of the bundle 28. For this reason,
The dimensional error between the mortise 28a and the mortise hole 29 is absorbed by the cutout portion 29a of the adhesive moisture-proof and airtight tape 15, so that the airtightness and moistureproofness of the mortise hole 29 are maintained, and the indoor airtightness and moistureproofness are maintained. Can be increased.

As described above, according to the construction method of the present embodiment, vibration isolation, sound insulation, earthquake resistance, airtightness, work safety,
It is possible to construct a low-cost two-story wooden building which is excellent in workability, durability and economy due to energy saving.

[0034]

According to the two-story wooden building of the present invention, since the rubber body is interposed between the end of the first-floor column and the first-floor beam, vibration and sound on the second floor are provided. Is less likely to resonate on the first floor, and vibration and sound insulation are enhanced.

In particular, in the two-story wooden building according to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the vibration and sound of the second floor from being transmitted from the tenon to the first floor pillar.

In the two-story wooden building according to the third aspect of the present invention, since the metal fittings extending over the side surfaces of the pillars and the beams are fixed with a rubber plate interposed therebetween, vibrations transmitted through the metal fittings are reduced. In addition to suppressing noise, it is possible to prevent wood such as pillars and beams from being damaged by condensation of the metal fittings, and to increase durability.

In particular, in the two-story wooden building according to the present invention, the interior is covered so as to be hermetically sealed with a plate, and the plate constituting the ceiling is fixed above the beam, so that the overall structure is In particular, the ceiling is strong and has excellent durability and earthquake resistance, and also has high safety and workability during roof construction. Moreover, airtightness and moistureproofness can be given to the room by the plate material, and the heating effect and the cooling effect can be enhanced.

Particularly, in the two-story wooden building according to the present invention, the inside of the first floor and the inside of the second floor are covered with a plate material except for the stairs and the like, so that the structure is more rigid. And high earthquake resistance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a two-story wooden building according to an embodiment of the present invention.
(A) perspective view showing a fixed state of a floor column and a first floor beam,
(B) It is a side view.

FIG. 2 shows a two-story wooden building according to an embodiment of the present invention.
It is a side view which shows the other state of the fixed state of the 1st floor pillar and the 1st floor beam.

FIG. 3 shows a two-story wooden building according to an embodiment of the present invention;
It is a perspective view which shows the fixed state with the metal fitting of the 1st floor pillar and the 1st floor beam.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of the two-story wooden building according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the vicinity of rafters of the two-story wooden building according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a state in which plate members are provided on the entire two-story wooden building according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the vicinity of a floor of a two-story wooden building according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a horizontal sectional view showing a wall of a two-story wooden building according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of the base of a pillar of the two-story wooden building according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a state in which an adhesive moisture-proof airtight tape is attached to a two-story wooden building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view showing a method of fixing the bundle of the two-story wooden building to the beam according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a fixed state of a two-story wooden building and a bundle of beams according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 two-story house 11 base 12 joist 14 plate material 15 adhesive moisture-proof and airtight tape 16a pillar 16b stud 17a, 17b, 17c beam 23 hut framing joist 28a mortise 29 mortise hole 29a cut 31 mortise 33 mortise hole rubber rubber 36 rubber body 36 rubber

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] In a two-story wooden building having a frame composed of a base, a joist, a pillar and a beam, a pillar for the first floor has a tenon at an upper end portion, and a beam for the first floor has a tenon. A two-story wooden building, wherein the tenon and the tenon are fitted with a rubber body interposed between an upper end of a first-floor pillar and a first-floor beam. 2. The two-story wooden building according to claim 1, wherein said rubber body covers said tenon. 3. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a metal fitting which extends over the side surface of the pillar and the side surface of the beam, wherein the metal fitting is fixed to the column and the beam via a rubber plate. Storey wooden building. 4. A plate fixed to an upper side of a joist, an outer side of a pillar, and an upper side of a beam is covered so as to hermetically seal the inside except for a mounting portion of a window and a door frame, and the plate is made of aluminum foil on one side. The two-story wooden building according to claim 1, wherein the two-story wooden building is covered with a moisture-proof synthetic resin on the opposite side to have airtightness and moisture-proofness. 5. The plate member is fixed above a first floor beam,
The two-story wooden building according to claim 4, characterized in that the inside of the first floor and the inside of the second floor are covered with the plate material so as to be sealed, respectively, except for a mounting portion of a window and a door frame and a stair portion.