JP2727432B2 - Wood pressing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a press apparatus for pressing wood, which has been softened by heating, into a rectangular column to increase the density.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An enormous amount of thinned wood is discarded without being effectively used. One of the reasons that thinned wood is not used effectively is that the density is low and the strength is not enough.
If the thinnings can be made strong enough, their use will increase significantly. For example, as a two-by-four frame material, thinning material such as cedar is hardly used, and peeler and pine pine are used. However, if the thinned material can be processed to a sufficient strength, it can be used for this kind of application. If thinned wood with low density and insufficient strength can be made high density and sufficient strength, it can be effectively used as high quality wood. Not only thinned wood but also low-density wood is not used effectively because its use is limited due to lack of sufficient strength.

[0003] By pressing wood while it is being heated, low density wood can be densified and processed to be strong. Wood has annual rings consisting of summer and winter eyes. When wood is heated and compressed, the soft summer eyes are thinly crushed and strengthened. In winter, hard parts have sufficient strength. Natsume is weaker than winter. If Natsume is pressed densely and hardened, the whole wood becomes stronger. Wood can be pressed to high density by heating lignin or hemicellulose, which is the main component, to a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature to bring it into a wet state. The glass transition temperature of wood is 1 when dry
30 ° C to 250 ° C, but 80 ° C to 250 ° C in a wet state.
° C. When the wood is heated in a wet state, the glass transition temperature is lowered, and the wood is easily compressed.

[0004] In order to heat wood to a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature and compress it, an apparatus has been developed in which the wood is pressed into a narrow passage and heated (Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-3646). The device described in this publication presses wood into a narrow passage. The passages are irradiated with microwaves to heat the wood pressed into it.

[0005]

In this apparatus, wood can be easily pressed into a narrow passage by press fitting. However, devices of this construction have the disadvantage that it is difficult to press the wood hard in the radial direction. This is because the more the wood is pressed in the radial direction, the narrower the passage becomes, and the more difficult it is to press the wood into the passage. Wood pressed into a narrow passage has a high surface pressure against which the wood presses the passage, and increases frictional resistance. The frictional resistance between the wood and the passage increases in proportion to the surface pressure against which the wood presses the passage.

In order to prevent the adverse effects of this structure, the present inventor has developed a press device having the structure shown in FIG. This apparatus comprises a plate 1 bent in an L shape, a horizontal plate 2 for pressing wood on the plate 1 in a horizontal direction, and a vertical plate 3 for pressing wood from the plate 1 from above. Prepare. A plurality of cylinders 4 are connected to the horizontal plate 2 and the vertical plate 3. This apparatus can compress the wood supplied to the plate 1 by pressing it with the horizontal plate 2 and the vertical plate 3.

[0007] The press device of this structure can press four surfaces of wood with a strong pressing force. However, in the device of this structure, a gap is formed between the horizontal plate 2 and the vertical plate 3 as shown in FIG. 2 before the wood is completely compressed, from which the wood protrudes, and the protruded wood is thereafter removed. Has the disadvantage of being easily damaged. When the vertical plate 3 is pressed first and then the horizontal plate 2 is pressed as shown in FIG. 3 in order to prevent this adverse effect, there is a disadvantage that the wood cannot be pressed uniformly from the entire circumference. Further, in the press device having this structure, it is necessary to adjust the width of the horizontal plate 2 according to the width of the wood to be compressed. When the wood to be compressed becomes thicker, the width of the horizontal plate 2 needs to be changed.

[0008] The present invention has been developed to solve this drawback. An important object of the present invention is to provide a wood pressing apparatus capable of pressing wood having different thicknesses uniformly from the entire circumference.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A wood pressing apparatus according to the present invention is an apparatus for pressing heated wood from four directions around it with a press plate and compressing the wood into a prismatic shape. ing. (A) A wood pressing apparatus includes four press plates for pressing the surface of wood into a prismatic shape, and vertical and horizontal cylinders for pressing opposing press plates. The press plates are composed of a first press plate 5A, a second press plate 5B, a third press plate 5C, and a fourth press plate 5D that press at right angles in four directions. The vertical and horizontal cylinders are the first press plate 5A and the third
The vertical cylinder 7 for bringing the press plates 5C closer to each other, and the second press plate 5B and the fourth press plates 5D for moving closer to each other.
It consists of a horizontal cylinder 6 . (B) the first press plate 5A and the third press plate 5C are disposed to face to press the facing surface of the timber. The press device shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 presses the lower surface of the wood with the first press plate 5A, and presses the upper surface of the wood with the third press plate 5C. The first press plate 5A and the third press plate 5C are disposed horizontally,
The upper and lower surfaces of the timber can be pressed close to each other so that the upper and lower surfaces can be pressed. (C) The second press plate 5B and the fourth press plate 5D face each other.
It is arranged Te are disposed to be close to each other. In the press device of FIG. 5, the second press plate 5B is arranged on the right of the wood, and the fourth press plate 5D is arranged on the left of the wood. (D) The first press plate 5A and the second press plate 5B are adjacently arranged at right angles to each other. The first press plate 5A and the second press plate 5B are connected to each other so that the second press plate 5B approaches the surface of the first press plate 5A regardless of the thickness of the wood to be pressed. It is connected so that it can move in parallel along the surface of the press plate 5A. (E) The second press plate 5B is disposed adjacent to the third press plate 5C and at right angles to each other, and the third press plate 5C is connected so as to be able to move in parallel along the surface of the second press plate 5B.
Is tied . (F) The third press plate 5C is disposed adjacent to the fourth press plate 5D at right angles to each other, and the fourth press plate 5D is connected so as to be able to move in parallel along the surface of the third press plate 5C.
Is tied . (G) The fourth press plate 5D is disposed adjacent to the first press plate 5A at right angles to each other, and the first press plate 5A is connected so as to be able to move in parallel along the surface of the fourth press plate 5D.
Is tied .

[0010] A press device according to claim 2 of the present invention.
The horizontal cylinder 6 comprises a first cylinder 6A and a third cylinder 6B, and the vertical cylinder 7 comprises a second cylinder 7A and a fourth cylinder 7B. The first cylinder 6A presses the second press plate 5B with the first press.
The second press plate 5 is moved in parallel along the surface of the plate 5A.
B and the first press plate 5A and the second press
It is connected to the less plate 5B. The second cylinder 7A presses the third press plate 5C in the second press.
The third pressing plate 5 is moved in parallel along the surface of the plate 5B.
C and press the second press plate 5B and the third press
5C. The third cylinder 6B presses the fourth press plate 5D with the third press.
Translated along the surface of the plate 5C, the fourth press plate 5
D presses the third press plate 5C and the fourth press
It is connected to the less plate 5D. The fourth cylinder 7B presses the first press plate 5A with a fourth press.
The first pressing plate 5 is moved in parallel along the surface of the plate 5D.
A and press the fourth press plate 5D and the first press
5A . Further claim of the present invention
The press device described in item 3 is configured to apply the second press plate 5B
Connected to the first press plate 5A via the linear bearing 8,
The third press plate 5C is connected to the second press
4D press plate 5D and linear motion bearing
8, the first pressing plate 5C is connected to the third pressing plate 5C.
A is connected to the fourth press plate 5D via the linear bearing 8
doing.

In the wood pressing apparatus of the present invention, the press plates 5A, 5B, 5C, and 5D adjacent to each other press the wood into a prism while sliding on the surface. When the wood gets thicker,
As shown in FIG. 6, opposing press plates 5A, 5B, 5
Although the interval between C and 5D is widened, the press plates 5A, 5B, 5
There is no gap between C and 5D. For this reason, the press device of the present invention can press the entire circumference of wood of various thicknesses with a uniform pressing force.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment described below exemplifies a press device for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention does not specify the press device as follows.

Further, in this specification, in order to facilitate understanding of the claims, the numbers corresponding to the members described in the embodiments will be referred to as "columns of the claims" and " In the column of “Means of the above”. However, the members described in the claims are not limited to the members of the embodiments.

The wood pressing apparatus shown in the perspective view of FIG. 4 and the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 5 is opposed to four press plates 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D for pressing the surface of the wood into a prismatic shape. A vertical cylinder 7 and a horizontal cylinder 6 for pressing a press plate are provided. The press plate includes a first press plate 5A for pressing wood in four directions at right angles, a second press plate 5B, a third press plate 5C, and a fourth press plate 5D. Each press plate is mounted at a right angle to an adjacent press plate so that it can move in parallel along its surface.

The vertical and horizontal cylinders 7 and 6 are vertical cylinders for bringing the first press plate 5A and the third press plate 5C closer to each other.
-7, and a horizontal cylinder 6 for bringing the second press plate 5B and the fourth press plate 5D closer to each other.

Each of the press plates 5A, 5B, 5C and 5D is a metal plate having a strength that does not deform even when pressing wood. The first press plate 5A and the third press plate 5C face each other, and the second press plate 5B and the fourth press plate 5D are provided at positions facing each other. The first press plate 5A holds the lower surface of the wood
The press plate 5C presses the upper surface of the wood. Therefore, the first press plate 5A and the third press plate 5C are disposed horizontally, and the second press plate 5
B and the fourth press plate 5D so as to be close to each other.

The second press plate 5B and the fourth press plate 5D are vertically arranged opposite to each other, and press both sides of the wood. The second press plate 5B is provided on the right side of the wood, and the fourth press plate 5
D presses the left side of the wood.

Four press plates 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D
Are connected to the adjacent press plates by the same structure. First press plate 5A, second press plate 5B, second press plate
Press plate 5B and third press plate 5C, third press plate 5C and fourth press plate 5D, fourth press plate 5D and first press plate 5
A are connected by the same structure.

Hereinafter, the first press plate 5A and the second press plate 5
The connection structure of B will be described in detail. The other connection structure of the press plates is the same as the connection structure of the first press plate 5A and the second press plate 5B. The second press plate 5B is, as shown in FIG.
It is arranged at a right angle adjacent to the first press plate 5A.
The second press plate 5B moves in a horizontal direction along the surface of the first press plate 5A disposed horizontally and presses the wood in a posture of standing vertically.

The second press plate 5B is connected to the first press plate 5A through a linear bearing 8 as shown in the sectional view of FIG. FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. The linear bearing 8 moves the second press plate 5B in the pressing direction of the wood. The linear bearing 8 does not move the second press plate 5B in a direction orthogonal to the press direction. The linear motion bearing 8 connects an arm 9 protruding from the back surface of the second press plate 5B to the first press plate 5A. The arm 9 is fixed along and parallel to the surface of the first press plate 5A. A triangular reinforcing rib 10 is fixed to the back surface of the arm 9 and the second press plate 5B. The reinforcing rib 10 is connected so that the arm 9 is not bent with respect to the second press plate 5B. An arm 9 fixed to the second press plate 5B is connected via a linear motion bearing 8 so as to be movable along the first press plate 5A. A plurality of linear motion bearings 8 are arranged in parallel between the arm 9 and the first press plate 5A.

The linear bearing 8 can move the second press plate 5B lightly with respect to the first press plate 5A. The second press plate 5B and the first press plate 5A do not necessarily need to be connected via the linear motion bearing 8. Any mechanism that can move the second press plate 5B in the press direction along the surface of the first press plate 5A can be used. For example, a plurality of guides may be fixed to the arm-facing surface of the first press plate by extending in the pressing direction, and a slider sliding along the guides may be fixed to the arm. The slider moves along the guide but does not come off the arm.

The wood pressing device comprises a horizontal cylinder 6 for pressing the second press plate 5B and the fourth press plate 5D in the wood pressing direction, a first cylinder 6A and a third cylinder 6B.
It consists of. The first cylinder 6A has a rear end fixed to the first press plate 5A and a rod end connected to the second press plate 5B. The first cylinder 6A is provided with the second press plate 5
B is fixed to the first press plate 5A in a posture parallel to the press direction. The first cylinder 6A is provided with the second press plate 5
A plurality of first cylinders 6A are provided to move B in parallel to strongly press the wood. The third cylinder 6B has the same structure as the first cylinder 6A, and is fixed to the third press plate 5C.

The vertical cylinder 7 comprises a second cylinder 7A and a fourth cylinder 7B, and the second cylinder 7A
The fourth cylinder 7B has the same structure as the first cylinder 6A and is fixed to the second press plate 5B, and the fourth cylinder 7B has the same structure as the first cylinder 6A and is fixed to the fourth press plate 5D.

The press shown in FIG. 9 is similar to the press shown in FIG. 4 except that the third cylinder 6B and the fourth cylinder 7B are omitted, the horizontal cylinder 6 is the first cylinder 6A, and the vertical cylinder 7 is the second cylinder 7A. It consists of. In the apparatus having this structure, the first cylinder 6A presses the wood from both sides with the second press plate 5B and the fourth press plate 5D, and the second cylinder 7A moves the wood up and down with the third press plate 5C and the first press plate 5A. Press from. The press device having this structure is configured such that adjacent press plates 5A, 5B, 5
C and 5D are connected to each other so as to be movable in the pressing direction. This press device has the feature that the number of cylinders can be reduced and the structure can be simplified.

In the press apparatus shown in FIG. 5, opposing press plates are connected to a high-frequency power supply 11. The press plates connected to the high-frequency power supply 11 need to be insulated from each other. A simple structure to insulate the press plate is as shown in FIG.
An electrode plate 13 is fixed to the surface of the press plate via an insulating material 12 such as plastic. The electrode plate 13 is insulated from the press plate via the insulating material 12. The electrode plate 13 is on a pressed surface of wood and is connected to the high frequency power supply 11. The electrode plate 13 in contact with the surface of the wood heats the wood with high-frequency energy. The press device having this structure has a feature that it can press a preheated or unheated wood by heating. The preheated wood is cooled somewhat before being set in the press. A press device capable of high-frequency heating of wood with a press plate can efficiently press the wood by reheating even if the wood is slightly cooled before setting. Furthermore, after setting and heating wood that is not heated at all, it can be pressed.

The above pressing device presses wood to make it tough as follows. Logs are processed into prismatic or cylindrical shapes. Wood processed into a prismatic shape is pressed on four sides to become high-density wood. The timber processed into a column shape is pressed from four directions and formed into a prism shape. The method of cutting a log into a cylindrical shape and processing it into a prismatic shape with a press device has a feature that the waste amount of the log is reduced and the log can be effectively used. When processing raw wood into a prismatic or cylindrical shape and pressing it,
In a pressed state, it is processed to a thickness having a predetermined size.

Further, the raw wood can be pressed into a rectangular column by a press without cutting. Wood obtained by pressing raw wood into a prismatic shape without cutting can be used as a decorative material such as a floor pillar because the surface does not become a natural wood surface. When processing a log into a prismatic shape, the bark is removed or pressed without removing the bark. When the skin is removed and pressed, the surface can be made smooth. Press without removing the skin and remove the skin after pressing, the surface will be naturally concave
It can be made of wood with convexity .

[0028] Wood is autoclaved (not shown)
And steam is injected into the autoclave chamber to heat the wood. The internal temperature of the autoclave chamber is, for example, 80
C. to 200C, preferably 80C to 180C, optimally 1C.
Set to 30-180 ° C. In order to heat wood at a set temperature of 100 ° C. or less, an autoclave chamber is not necessarily required. This is because heating can be performed without applying pressure.
When a press that uses high-frequency heating of the set wood is used, the heating temperature of the wood in this step can be reduced. The heating step can be omitted, and unheated wood can be set in the press device.

The time for heating the wood in the autoclave chamber is set to a time in which the wood is sufficiently heated to the central portion. Thick wood can be put in the autoclave for a long time, and thin wood can be heated in a short time. For example, 10 cm square wood is heated in an autoclave chamber for several hours.

The wood heated in the autoclave chamber is quickly set on the press so as not to cool.
When setting the wood, the press device shrinks the cylinder to keep the press plates wide open. Between the press plates, a piece of wood processed into a cylindrical or prismatic shape or unprocessed wood is inserted.

An apparatus having the high-frequency power supply 11 heats the wood again by high-frequency waves while the wood is lightly pressed by a press plate. The heating temperature of the wood is 130 to 250 ° C. When the wood is heated to the set temperature, it can be used vertically or in a state where high frequency is not applied.
Wood is pressed by four horizontal cylinders 7 and 6 from four directions and compressed. The compressed wood is squashed and stiffened from the soft Natsume part. The wood is cooled while being kept in the pressed state. After cooling, the rods of the vertical and horizontal cylinders are contracted to release the press plate, and the wood is taken out.

[0032]

The wood pressing apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that wood of various thicknesses can be pressed uniformly from the entire circumference.
In particular, the apparatus of the present invention has a feature that wood having different thicknesses can be uniformly pressed from the surroundings without exchanging the press plates and without forming a gap at the boundary between the press plates. For this reason, the wood press apparatus of the present invention has a feature that wood that is not effectively used, such as thinned wood, is significantly strengthened by pressing, and can be effectively used for various uses. The thickness of the wood to be discarded, such as thinned wood, is not constant, and there are various thicknesses.Therefore, the apparatus of the present invention which can easily, easily and efficiently press wood having different thicknesses is provided by this apparatus. It has excellent features that can be used very conveniently for various applications.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional wood pressing apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a state in which the pressing device shown in FIG. 1 presses wood.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the press device shown in FIG. 1 presses wood.

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a wood pressing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the wood press shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of the wood pressing apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a connection portion between a first press plate and a second press plate of the wood press device shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 7, showing a linear bearing portion for moving an adjacent press plate in the press direction.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a press device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a press plate having an electrode plate connected to a high-frequency power supply.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Plate 2 ... Horizontal plate 3 ... Vertical plate 4 ... Cylinder 5A ... 1st press plate 5B ... 2nd press plate 5C ... 3rd press plate 5D ... 4th press plate 6 ... Horizontal cylinder 6A ... 1st cylinder 6B
... third cylinder 7 ... vertical cylinder 7A ... second cylinder 7B
... 4th cylinder 8 ... linear motion bearing 9 ... arm 10 ... reinforcing rib 11 ... high frequency power supply 12 ... insulating material 13 ... electrode plate

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A press device for pressing heated wood from four directions around with a press plate and compressing it into a prismatic shape,
A wood pressing apparatus having all the following configurations. (A) A first press plate (5A), a second press plate (5B), a third press plate (5C), and a fourth press plate (5D) for pressing the surface of wood in four directions at right angles to each other. And the first
Horizontal cylinder to close the press plate and (5A) and the third press plate vertical cylinders to approach (5C) to one another (7), the second press plate and (5B) Fourth press plate (5D) to each other
(6) . (B) First press plate (5A) and third press plate (5C)
Are arranged to face each other so that they can approach each other. (C) Second press plate (5B) and fourth press plate (5D)
Are arranged to face each other so that they can approach each other. (D) The first press plate (5A) is the second press plate (5B)
A are arranged at right angles to each other and adjacent, the second press plate (5B) is to be movable parallel to the surface of the first press plate (5A), is connected to the first press plate (5A
You. (E) The second press plate (5B) is the third press plate (5C)
The third press plate (5C) is connected to the second press plate (5B) so as to be able to translate along the surface of the second press plate (5B).
You. (F) The third press plate (5C) is the fourth press plate (5D)
The fourth press plate (5D) is connected to the third press plate (5C) so as to be able to translate along the surface of the third press plate (5C).
You. (G) The fourth press plate (5D) is the first press plate (5A)
The first press plate (5A) is connected to the fourth press plate (5D) so as to be able to translate along the surface of the fourth press plate (5D).
You. 2. The horizontal cylinder (6) comprises a first cylinder (6A) and a third cylinder (6B), and the vertical cylinder (7) comprises a second cylinder (7A) and a fourth cylinder (7B). The first cylinder (6A) is connected to the second press plate (5B).
1 Translated along the surface of the press plate (5A)
2 Press plate (5B) to press wood
Press plate (5A) and the second press plate (5B).
Ri, second cylinder (7A), the third press plate (5C) first
2 Translate along the surface of the press plate (5B)
3 Press plate (5C) to press wood
Connected to the press plate (5B) and the third press plate (5C).
Ri, third cylinder (6B), the fourth press plate (5D) the
3 Translate along the surface of the press plate (5C)
4th press plate (5D) presses the third press
Connected to the press plate (5C) and the fourth press plate (5D).
Ri, fourth cylinder (7B), the first press plate (5A) first
4 Translated along the surface of the press plate (5D)
Press the 4th press so as to press the wood with 1 press plate (5A).
Press plate (5D) and the first press plate (5A).
The wood pressing device according to claim 1. 3. The linear bearing is a second press plate (5B).
(8) is connected to the first press plate (5A) through the third press plate (5A).
The press plate (5C) is moved to the second through the linear motion bearing (8).
The fourth press plate (5D) is connected to the press plate (5B).
To the third press plate (5C) via the linear bearing (8)
Connected, the first press plate (5A) is a linear motion bearing
(8) connected to the fourth press plate (5D)
The wood pressing device according to claim 1, wherein: