JP2726710B2 - FRP member - Google Patents
FRP memberInfo
- Publication number
- JP2726710B2 JP2726710B2 JP20275289A JP20275289A JP2726710B2 JP 2726710 B2 JP2726710 B2 JP 2726710B2 JP 20275289 A JP20275289 A JP 20275289A JP 20275289 A JP20275289 A JP 20275289A JP 2726710 B2 JP2726710 B2 JP 2726710B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- frp member
- frp
- curvature
- radius
- load
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は、自動車のバンパ等における衝撃吸収用とし
て好適なFRP部材に関する。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an FRP member suitable for shock absorption in a bumper or the like of an automobile.
［従来の技術］ 周知のFRP板ばねは、マトリックス樹脂と、主に板ば
ねの長手方向に沿う一方向強化繊維とによって成形され
ており、必要に応じて弓状の反り（キャンバ）がつけら
れている。従来のFRP板ばねは、荷重が負荷された時に
板厚方向に撓むことにより、荷重を弾性的に支えるよう
になっている。従って過大な負荷がかかった時に、曲げ
方向の撓みが限界値を越えるあたりから繊維の一部が切
れたり、繊維がささくれ立つなどしてついには破壊に至
る。[Prior art] A well-known FRP leaf spring is formed of a matrix resin and one-way reinforcing fibers mainly along the longitudinal direction of the leaf spring, and is provided with an arched warp (camber) as necessary. ing. A conventional FRP leaf spring elastically supports a load by bending in a thickness direction when a load is applied. Therefore, when an excessive load is applied, a part of the fiber is cut or the fiber is crushed when the deflection in the bending direction exceeds the limit value, and finally the fiber is broken.
懸架用FRP板ばねの曲率半径は、車両の種類にもよる
が一例として800mm以上ある。また、懸架用FRP板ばねの
ばね定数は一例として25kgf/mm程度である。これに対
し、懸架ばね以外の用途に使われるFRP部材のなかには
曲率半径が800mm以下のものもある。例えば第７図に示
されているバンパ用衝撃吸収体としてのＵ状のFRP部材
ａは、湾曲部ｃの曲率半径Ｒが100mm以下と小さく、し
かも小さなストロークで大きなエネルギーを吸収しなけ
ればならないから、ばね定数が例えば130kgf/mmときわ
めて大きい。この種のFRP部材ａには、図示矢印Ｐ方向
すなわち曲率半径Ｒが減少する方向の荷重が負荷され
る。The radius of curvature of the suspension FRP leaf spring depends on the type of vehicle, but is 800 mm or more as an example. The spring constant of the suspension FRP leaf spring is, for example, about 25 kgf / mm. In contrast, some FRP members used for applications other than suspension springs have a radius of curvature of 800 mm or less. For example, the U-shaped FRP member a as the bumper shock absorber shown in FIG. 7 has a small radius of curvature R of the curved portion c of 100 mm or less, and must absorb a large amount of energy with a small stroke. The spring constant is extremely large, for example, 130 kgf / mm. A load is applied to this type of FRP member a in a direction indicated by an arrow P in FIG.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］ 上記FRP部材ａのように、曲率半径Ｒが小さくかつば
ね定数が大きく、しかも曲率半径Ｒが減少する方向に荷
重が負荷されるものにおいて、許容値以上の荷重を負荷
した場合、従来の車両懸架用FRP板ばねでは曲げ荷重に
より強化繊維が切れて破壊していたが、曲率半径Ｒが小
さくかつばね定数が大きい時には、従来のFRP板ばねと
は違った破壊状況を呈することが本発明者らの研究によ
って判明した。すなわち、この種のFRP部材ａは曲げに
よって強化繊維が切れて破壊するのではなく、まず長手
方向の強化繊維に沿って縦割れを生じ、更に荷重を負荷
すると層間せん断破壊を生じるようになる。その原因
は、もともと曲率半径Ｒの小さい湾曲部ｃを更に曲率半
径を小さくするように無理に曲げるため、第８図に２点
鎖線で示したように板幅方向各部で曲り方が異なり、し
かも荷重Ｐによる過大なせん断応力が発生することによ
り、縦割れが発生すると考えられる。[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] In the above FRP member a, in which a load is applied in a direction in which the radius of curvature R is small, the spring constant is large, and the radius of curvature R decreases, a load exceeding an allowable value is applied. When the conventional FRP leaf spring for vehicle suspension is used, the reinforcing fiber breaks due to the bending load and breaks, but when the radius of curvature R is small and the spring constant is large, the fracture differs from the conventional FRP leaf spring. It has been found by the present inventors that they present a situation. That is, in this type of FRP member a, the reinforcing fiber is not broken and broken by bending, but firstly, a vertical crack is generated along the reinforcing fiber in the longitudinal direction, and when a load is further applied, interlayer shear fracture occurs. The cause is that the curved portion c having a small radius of curvature R is forcibly bent so as to further reduce the radius of curvature, and therefore, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. It is considered that an excessive shear stress caused by the load P causes a vertical crack.
FRP部材ａの表面に縦割れが生じると、割れの界面で
耐水性や耐候性等が悪化し、一気に破壊が進行する原因
になる。そしてこのような縦割れは、板幅ｂが板厚ｔの
２倍以上ある時に顕著に現れることが本発明者らの研究
によってわかっている。When a vertical crack is generated on the surface of the FRP member a, water resistance and weather resistance are deteriorated at the interface of the crack, which causes the breakage to proceed at a stretch. The present inventors have found that such vertical cracks appear remarkably when the sheet width b is twice or more the sheet thickness t.
FRP部材ａの縦割れを生じにくくするには、FRP部材ａ
の断面積を大きくすることによってせん断応力を下げれ
ばよい。しかしながら、単にFRP部材ａの断面積を大き
くしてしまうとばね定数が増加し、FRP部材ａに要求さ
れている設計仕様に合わなくなってしまう。また、湾曲
部ｃのテンション面などにクロス等の補強繊維層を埋設
することも縦割れを防ぐ上で有効であるが、このような
補強層をFRP部材ａに一体に成形するには手間がかかり
コスト高を招く原因になる。To prevent the longitudinal cracking of the FRP member a, use the FRP member a
The shear stress may be reduced by increasing the cross-sectional area of. However, if the cross-sectional area of the FRP member a is simply increased, the spring constant will increase, and the design specification required for the FRP member a will not be met. It is also effective to embed a reinforcing fiber layer such as a cloth on the tension surface of the curved portion c to prevent vertical cracks. However, it is troublesome to integrally form such a reinforcing layer with the FRP member a. This causes high cost.
従って本発明の目的は、ばね定数に実質的な影響を及
ぼすことなく縦割れを防止でき、しかも製造工程が複雑
化せずにすむようにFRP部材を提供することにある。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an FRP member that can prevent longitudinal cracks without substantially affecting the spring constant and that does not complicate the manufacturing process.
［課題を解決するための手段］ 上記目的を果たすために開発された本発明FRP部材
は、マトリックス樹脂と長手方向に沿う強化繊維とによ
って略Ｕ状ないしＪ状に湾曲した形状に成形されかつ曲
率半径が減少する方向に荷重が負荷される使われ方をす
るものであって、全体の板幅ｂが板厚ｔの２倍以上あ
り、しかも少なくとも湾曲部において幅方向に２以上の
要素に分割されており、分割された各要素の板幅ｂ′を
板厚ｔの２倍以下にしたものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] The FRP member of the present invention developed to achieve the above object is formed into a substantially U-shaped or J-shaped curved shape by a matrix resin and a reinforcing fiber along a longitudinal direction, and has a curvature. It is used in such a way that a load is applied in the direction in which the radius decreases, and the entire plate width b is at least twice the plate thickness t, and at least the curved portion is divided into two or more elements in the width direction. The plate width b 'of each of the divided elements is set to twice or less the plate thickness t.
［作用］ 本発明のFRP部材は従来の懸架用ばねに比べて曲率半
径が著しく小さく、しかも曲率半径が更に減少する方向
に荷重が負荷される。本発明のFRP部材は少なくとも湾
曲部において幅方向に２つ以上の要素に分割したことに
よって、各要素の板幅が板厚の２倍以下におさえられて
いるから、Ｕ状ないしＪ状に成形されている曲率半径が
小さくかつばね定数の大きなFRP部材が上記方向に撓ま
されても縦割れが発生しない。従って断面積（特に板
厚）やばね定数等の設計値を変更せずに耐久性の向上が
図れる。[Operation] The FRP member of the present invention has a significantly smaller radius of curvature than a conventional suspension spring, and a load is applied in a direction in which the radius of curvature is further reduced. Since the FRP member of the present invention is divided into two or more elements in the width direction at least in the curved portion, the width of each element is suppressed to twice or less the thickness, so that the FRP member is formed into a U shape or a J shape. Even if the FRP member having a small radius of curvature and a large spring constant is bent in the above-mentioned direction, no vertical crack occurs. Therefore, the durability can be improved without changing the design values such as the cross-sectional area (particularly the plate thickness) and the spring constant.
［実施例］ 以下に本発明の第１実施例について第１図ないし第４
図を参照して説明する。第４図に例示されたバンパシス
テム１に、左右一対のFRP部材2,2が用いられている。バ
ンパシステム１は、車体のサイドメンバ３の端部に固定
された上記FRP部材2,2と、これらFRP部材2,2の前面側に
配置されたアマーチャー５と、このアマーチャー５を覆
うフェイシャ６などを備えて構成されている。７はタイ
ヤである。各FRP部材２の一端（固定端）はボルト等の
連結用部品10によってサイドメンバ３に固定され、FRP
部材２の他端（自由端）は接続用部材11を介してアマー
チャー５に接している。[Embodiment] FIGS. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
This will be described with reference to the drawings. In the bumper system 1 illustrated in FIG. 4, a pair of left and right FRP members 2, 2 is used. The bumper system 1 includes the FRP members 2, 2 fixed to the end of the side member 3 of the vehicle body, the armature 5 disposed on the front side of the FRP members 2, 2, a facer 6 covering the armature 5, and the like. It is provided with. 7 is a tire. One end (fixed end) of each FRP member 2 is fixed to the side member 3 by a connecting part 10 such as a bolt,
The other end (free end) of the member 2 is in contact with the armature 5 via the connecting member 11.
FRP部材２の一例を第１図ないし第３図に示す。このF
RP部材２は、側面方向から見た形状がＵないしＪ状をな
しており、図示例の場合には全体の板幅ｂが板厚ｔの3.
8倍程度ある。このFRP部材２は、幅方向に２分割された
左右一対の要素2a,2bを互いに近接させて並べたもので
ある。各要素2a,2bの個々の板幅ｂ′は互いに等しく、
しかも各々の板幅ｂ′は板厚ｔの２倍以下としてある。
一例として、本実施例のFRP部材２の全体の板幅ｂは65m
m、各要素の板幅ｂ′は32.5mm,板厚ｔ＝17mm,曲率半径
Ｒ＝60mm,一端側の平坦部の長さL1＝30mm,他端側の平坦
部の長さL2＝120mmである。One example of the FRP member 2 is shown in FIGS. This F
The RP member 2 has a U- or J-shape when viewed from the side, and in the illustrated example, the entire plate width b is 3.
There are about eight times. The FRP member 2 includes a pair of left and right elements 2a and 2b that are divided into two in the width direction and are arranged close to each other. The individual plate width b 'of each element 2a, 2b is equal to each other,
Moreover, each plate width b 'is set to be equal to or less than twice the plate thickness t.
As an example, the entire board width b of the FRP member 2 of this embodiment is 65 m
m, the width b 'of each element is 32.5 mm, the thickness t = 17 mm, the radius of curvature R = 60 mm, the length L1 of the flat portion at one end is 30 mm, and the length L2 of the flat portion at the other end is 120 mm. is there.
上述した一対の要素2a,2bからなるFRP部材２は、FRP
部材２の長手方向に沿う一方向強化繊維17（一部のみ図
示）と、周知のマトリックス樹脂18とにより、略Ｕ状な
いしＪ状に成形されている。一方向強化繊維17にはガラ
ス繊維が用いられるが、場合によっては炭素繊維や有機
繊維が使用されてもよい。各要素2a,2bの一端側に、上
記連結用部品10を挿通させるための孔（図示せず）等が
形成される場合もある。FRP部材２全体に占めるガラス
繊維の量は一例として体積で約55％，重量で約72〜73％
である。The FRP member 2 including the pair of elements 2a and 2b described above
The member 2 is formed in a substantially U-shape or a J-shape by a unidirectional reinforcing fiber 17 (only a part is shown) along a longitudinal direction of the member 2 and a well-known matrix resin 18. Glass fibers are used for the unidirectional reinforcing fibers 17, but carbon fibers or organic fibers may be used in some cases. A hole (not shown) through which the connecting component 10 is inserted may be formed at one end of each of the elements 2a and 2b. The amount of glass fiber in the entire FRP member 2 is, for example, about 55% by volume and about 72 to 73% by weight.
It is.
バンパシステム１における衝撃吸収体として用いられ
る上記FRP部材２は、曲率半径Ｒが減少する方向から荷
重Ｐを受けるようにして使われる。荷重Ｐが負荷された
場合、FRP部材２が撓むことによりマトリックス樹脂18
と一方向強化繊維17とが協働してエネルギーを蓄える。The FRP member 2 used as a shock absorber in the bumper system 1 is used so as to receive a load P from a direction in which the radius of curvature R decreases. When the load P is applied, the FRP member 2 bends and the matrix resin 18
And the unidirectional reinforcing fibers 17 cooperate to store energy.
車体前部等の限られたスペースで所定の衝撃吸収性能
を発揮するには、バンパ用FRP部材２のばね定数は懸架
用ばねに比べて数倍ないし数十倍に設定されている必要
がある。例えば、２個のFRP部材2,2で車重1300kg,車速8
km/時のエネルギー328kgmを50mmのストロークで吸収さ
せるのに必要な１個のFRP部材２のばね定数ｋは130kgf/
mmである。In order to exhibit a predetermined shock absorbing performance in a limited space such as the front part of the vehicle body, the spring constant of the bumper FRP member 2 needs to be set to several times to several tens times as compared with the suspension spring. . For example, with two FRP members 2,2, vehicle weight 1300kg, vehicle speed 8
The spring constant k of one FRP member 2 required to absorb 328 kgm of energy per km / h with a stroke of 50 mm is 130 kgf /
mm.
本実施例のFRP部材２は幅方向に互いに等しい幅で２
つの要素2a,2bに２分割され、各要素2a,2bの板幅ｂ′を
板厚ｔの２倍以下にしているため、FRP部材２全体の板
幅ｂと板厚ｔが従来品と同等でありながらも、各要素2
a,2bにおける縦割れの発生を防止できる。すなわち本実
施例のFRP部材２の各部寸法とばね定数は従来品を同等
にしても設計仕様通りの特性を満足できる。The FRP member 2 of this embodiment has a width equal to each other in the width direction.
The two elements 2a and 2b are divided into two parts, and the plate width b 'of each element 2a and 2b is less than twice the sheet thickness t. But each element 2
The occurrence of vertical cracks in a and 2b can be prevented. That is, the dimensions and the spring constant of each part of the FRP member 2 of the present embodiment can satisfy the characteristics as designed even if the conventional product is equalized.
第５図に本発明の第２実施例を示している。この実施
例は、湾曲部2cにおいて幅方向中央部に長手方向に沿う
スリット21を設けることによって、湾曲部2cを幅方向に
２つの要素2a,2bに分割している。このような構成も荷
重負荷時の縦割れの発生を防止する上で有効である。な
お、スリット21は板厚方向の途中までに形成されていて
もよい。また、スリット21にエラストマ等のゴム状弾性
体を充填させてもよい。FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the curved portion 2c is divided into two elements 2a and 2b in the width direction by providing a slit 21 along the longitudinal direction at the center in the width direction in the curved portion 2c. Such a configuration is also effective in preventing the occurrence of vertical cracks when a load is applied. Note that the slit 21 may be formed halfway in the plate thickness direction. Further, the slit 21 may be filled with a rubber-like elastic body such as an elastomer.
次表１は、前記第１実施例と第２実施例に破壊荷重を
負荷した時の破壊のモードを従来品と比較した結果であ
る。The following Table 1 shows the results of comparing the breaking modes when a breaking load is applied to the first embodiment and the second embodiment with those of the conventional product.
［発明の効果］ 本発明によれば、Ｕ状ないしＪ状に湾曲した形状に成
形されている曲率半径の小さいFRP部材が曲率半径を減
少させる方向に撓まされた時に、縦割れが生じることを
防止でき、割れの界面での耐水性や耐候性等の悪化を防
止でき、しかも断面積やばね定数等の主要諸元を変更す
ることなく従来品と同等のばね特性を満足させることが
できる。また、表面層にクロス等の補強繊維層を付加さ
せずに縦割れを防止できるから、製造工程が複雑化する
こともない。 [Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, when a FRP member having a small radius of curvature, which is formed into a U-shaped or J-shaped curved shape, is bent in a direction to decrease the radius of curvature, a vertical crack is generated. Can be prevented, deterioration of water resistance and weather resistance at the interface of cracks can be prevented, and the same spring characteristics as conventional products can be satisfied without changing the main specifications such as cross-sectional area and spring constant. . Further, since vertical cracks can be prevented without adding a reinforcing fiber layer such as a cloth to the surface layer, the manufacturing process does not become complicated.
第１図は本発明の第１実施例を示すFRP部材の斜視図、
第２図は第１図に示されたFRP部材の側面図、第３図は
第１図に示されたFRP部材の正面図、第４図は第１図に
示されたFRP部材を用いたバンパシステムの平面図、第
５図は本発明の第２実施例を示すFRP部材の斜視図、第
６図は第５図に示されたFRP部材の正面図、第７図は従
来のFRP部材を示す斜視図、第８図は従来のFRP部材の背
面図である。 １…バンパシステム、２…FRP部材、2a,2b…要素、17…
一方向強化繊維、18…マトリックス樹脂、21…スリッ
ト。FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an FRP member showing a first embodiment of the present invention,
2 is a side view of the FRP member shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a front view of the FRP member shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 uses the FRP member shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a plan view of a bumper system, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an FRP member showing a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a front view of the FRP member shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. FIG. 8 is a rear view of a conventional FRP member. 1. Bumper system, 2. FRP member, 2a, 2b ... element, 17 ...
Unidirectional reinforcing fiber, 18 ... matrix resin, 21 ... slit.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭54−124168（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭56−108332（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特表 昭60−501617（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭59−113525（ＪＰ，Ｕ) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-54-124168 (JP, A) JP-A-56-108332 (JP, A) Tokuyo Sho 60-501617 (JP, A) 113525 (JP, U)
Claims (2)
維とによって略Ｕ状ないしＪ状に湾曲した形状に成形さ
れかつ曲率半径が減少する方向に荷重が負荷される使わ
れ方をするFRP部材であって、 全体の板幅ｂが板厚ｔの２倍以上あり、しかも少なくと
も湾曲部において幅方向に２以上の要素に分割されてお
り、分割された各要素の板幅ｂ′を板厚ｔの２倍以下と
したことを特徴とするFRP部材。An FRP member which is formed into a substantially U-shaped or J-shaped curved shape by a matrix resin and a reinforcing fiber along a longitudinal direction, and is used in which a load is applied in a direction of decreasing a radius of curvature. The total plate width b is at least twice as large as the plate thickness t, and at least the curved portion is divided into two or more elements in the width direction. FRP member characterized in that the thickness is not more than twice as large as
長手方向に沿うスリットを設けることによって、幅方向
に２以上の要素に分割した請求項１記載のFRP部材。2. The FRP member according to claim 1, wherein a slit is formed along the longitudinal direction at least at a central portion in the width direction of the curved portion, thereby dividing the FRP member into two or more elements in the width direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20275289A JP2726710B2 (en) | 1989-08-07 | 1989-08-07 | FRP member |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20275289A JP2726710B2 (en) | 1989-08-07 | 1989-08-07 | FRP member |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0367746A JPH0367746A (en) | 1991-03-22 |
| JP2726710B2 true JP2726710B2 (en) | 1998-03-11 |
Family
ID=16462579
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20275289A Expired - Lifetime JP2726710B2 (en) | 1989-08-07 | 1989-08-07 | FRP member |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2726710B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20230286134A1 (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2023-09-14 | John Christian Colley | Flexible Structure, Particularly For Applications In Robotics And Orthopedics |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL2000095C2 (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2007-12-11 | Loggers Rubbertech | Spring unit with leaf spring for e.g. use in clean rooms, uses spring made from fiber reinforced plastic |
| JP5878791B2 (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2016-03-08 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Leaf spring unit and bogie for railway vehicles using the same |
| DE102014202581A1 (en) | 2014-02-12 | 2015-08-13 | Muhr Und Bender Kg | Leaf spring and leaf spring arrangement |
-
1989
- 1989-08-07 JP JP20275289A patent/JP2726710B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20230286134A1 (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2023-09-14 | John Christian Colley | Flexible Structure, Particularly For Applications In Robotics And Orthopedics |
| US11780079B2 (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2023-10-10 | John Christian Colley | Flexible structure, particularly for applications in robotics and orthopedics |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0367746A (en) | 1991-03-22 |
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