JP2717291B2 - Roof exterior insulation structure and composite panel support fastener used therefor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to thermal insulation outside a roof of a concrete building, which is formed by laying a composite panel provided with a protective layer on an upper surface of a thermal insulating material made of a foamed synthetic resin. The present invention relates to a structure and a support fastener used for supporting and connecting a composite panel in forming the structure.

[Prior art] The purpose of the roof insulation structure of a concrete building is to
Mainly in winter and in summer. In particular, buildings are provided with heat insulation for cold weather in cold regions and heat insulation for warm weather in warm regions. Insulation of such buildings is based on the concept of energy saving triggered by the so-called oil shock, but in recent years, in addition to energy saving, creating a more comfortable living environment and further improving the durability of buildings It is becoming possible to make it happen.

The rooftop of a building receives the most solar heat in summer, while in winter it increases the amount of heat released due to the rise in indoor warm air and is exposed to an environment with a large difference in temperature. Therefore, insulating the roof is an effective means for energy saving, a comfortable living environment, and further improving the durability of the building.

As modes of heat insulation of a building, there are "outside heat insulation" in which a heat insulating layer is formed outside the skeleton, and "inner heat insulation" in which a heat insulating material is provided inside the skeleton.

By the way, the rooftop body, which is greatly affected by the temperature change due to solar heat, expands on the outer surface side where the temperature rises during the day and generates a convex bending stress on the upper side, and conversely the temperature on the outer surface side decreases at night. , Generates a downward bending stress. When this is repeated, cracks are formed in the waterproof layer on the skeleton and the skeleton itself to cause water leakage, thereby shortening the life of the building. In order to prevent the occurrence of the above-mentioned repeated bending stress, external heat insulation is more effective than internal heat insulation.

Conventionally, as a relatively simple rooftop insulation structure, a composite panel with a protective layer on the top surface of a foamed synthetic resin insulation material is directly laid on the rooftop body with a waterproof layer on the top and held down. It is known that they are connected by washers or the like (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-36895). This outside roof insulation structure has an advantage that the construction is easy and partial repair can be easily performed.

However, as described above, if the composite panel is laid directly on the rooftop having the waterproof layer, it is difficult to sufficiently adjust the unevenness of the rooftop and lay the composite panel flat, and the insulation is waterproof. There are drawbacks such as easy contact with rainwater flowing on the layer and water absorption.

On the other hand, as a rooftop outside heat-insulating structure free from the above-mentioned drawbacks, there is known a structure in which a heat-insulating material is located at a distance from a waterproof layer. By adopting such a rooftop insulation structure, it is possible to absorb irregularities by adjusting the distance to the waterproof layer, and this distance can separate the heat insulating material from the rainwater flowing on the waterproof layer, The effect is expected. That is, in the summer season in a warm region, if the interval is made as large as possible, and if the air is made to communicate with the outside in this interval, a great heat-preventing effect can be expected. On the other hand, in the winter season in a cold region, if the interval is narrowed and the air is allowed to stay, the air layer functions as a heat insulating layer, and a further winterization effect can be expected.

Conventionally known rooftop insulation structures of the type described above include the following.

(1) A cement material in which glass fiber is mixed and reinforced is formed by bending both ends of a central plane portion in one direction to form a leg surface, and is solidified on a substrate having a substantially U-shaped cross section, and the inner side of the central plane portion of the substrate. A roof with a gap left below, a heat insulating material attached thereto, and the above-mentioned leg surfaces additionally fitted next to each other in a groove of a separately provided panel fixing frame, and a gap is laid under the heat insulating material. External heat insulation structure (JP-A-52-80610).

(2) At least a plurality of pressing layer panels having a square planar shape arranged adjacent to each other, a screw member for mounting corresponding to the through hole at least at a corner of the pressing layer panel, and A screw rod that can be screwed into the female screw member; and a means fixed to the rubber elastic body to rotatably support the lower end of the screw rod, and a heat insulating layer is defined between the presser layer panel and the waterproof layer. Roof exterior insulation structure (Japanese
No. 56-41958).

(3) a heat insulating layer formed by adjoining a plurality of panel bodies, a pressing layer disposed above the heat insulating layer and formed by adjoining the plurality of panel bodies, and the heat insulating layer And a roof outside heat insulating structure comprising a plurality of support members for supporting the holding layer and forming an air layer between the heat insulating layer and the waterproof roof (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-197348).

In this rooftop exterior insulation structure, the insulation layer and the holding layer
They may be separated from each other with an air layer formed between them, or they may be integrated directly with an adhesive or the like. However, in any case, the support member separately supports each of the panel bodies constituting the heat insulating layer and the pressing layer. That is, the panel body forming the pressing layer is supported by the first support portion of the support member, and the panel body forming the heat insulating layer is supported by the second support portion of the support member. And the adjacent panel body which becomes a pressing layer is received by the 1st support part of one support member,
In addition, by attaching the pressing member to the supporting member from above, the adjacent panel bodies can be sandwiched between the first supporting portion and the pressing member and connected to each other.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the roof outside heat insulation structure (1) cannot be constituted only by a flat panel, and a substrate having a U-shaped cross section must be prepared. Shaped substrates are disadvantageous in terms of manufacturing cost and product strength. Further, this substrate is mounted by fitting the legs of adjacent substrates side by side into the grooves of the panel fixing frame, and is not intended to positively connect the substrates. Therefore, if the construction is not performed carefully, there is a problem that the construction tends to be blown up by the wind entering the lower part of the substrate, and the construction is troublesome because careful construction is required to prevent such a situation.

In the heat insulation structure outside the roof of the above (2), it is necessary to use a presser layer panel in which a through hole is provided at a corner and a female screw is embedded in the through hole. Is disadvantageous in terms of panel manufacturing cost. In addition, providing a through hole at a corner makes it easy for the corner to be chipped, and makes quality control of the panel troublesome. Furthermore, since the support means used merely supports the panel from below, the connection between adjacent panels must be performed using other means such as joint plates and joint boards. However, preparing such means separately causes an increase in cost, and in any case, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient connection strength.

As described above, the roof outside heat-insulating structure (3) has an advantage that the panel body can be supported and the adjacent panel bodies can be connected simultaneously, but has some disadvantages. .

The first is an increase in cost due to the complexity of the support member in which the support portion has two layers, and the complexity of work during member management and construction.

Secondly, it is difficult to obtain sufficient tightening force by tightening and holding the panel body as a holding layer, which is usually formed of mortar without elastic deformability, and the connection between adjacent panel bodies is easy to loosen. is there.

Thirdly, since the panel body as a hard holding layer is directly supported by the support member as described above, it is difficult to absorb the impact when walking on the holding layer, and the waterproof layer is damaged,
That is, an impact sound is easily generated.

The present invention solves the above-described problems, and uses a composite panel in a form that can be manufactured at low cost, leaving a gap between the composite panel and the rooftop body, and easily aligning the upper surface to be flat. It is another object of the present invention to enable the panels to be arranged side by side, and to simultaneously and reliably support the composite panels and connect them to each other in a state where the impact during rooftop walking is easily absorbed.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The means for solving the above problems will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the invention of claim 1, an air layer is provided on the rooftop frame 1. In a rooftop outside heat insulating structure including a heat insulating material layer and a protective material layer, the composite panel 4 in which the heat insulating material 2 made of foamed synthetic resin and the protective material 3 are integrated has a function of adjusting the upper surface height of the composite panel 4. Using a laying tool (supporting fastener 5), a structure is provided in which the lower surface of the heat insulating material and the upper surface of the protective material at the four corners of the four composite panels 4 that are in contact with each other are sandwiched.

Further, in the invention for supporting and fastening a composite panel according to claim 4, as shown in FIG. 3, a base leg 8 comprising a male screw 6 and a bottom 7 for supporting the male screw 6, and the male screw 6 A cylindrical body 10 formed with a female screw 9 screwed into the cylindrical body 10, a flange 11 protruding around the cylindrical body 10, and an engaging portion 14 for engaging and fixing a pressing cap 13 described below to a head 12 of the cylindrical body 10. The composite panel 4 in which a heat insulating material and a protective material are integrated together with the elevating support portion 15 and the flange 11 of the elevating support portion 15 is sandwiched, and the engaging portion 14 of the head 12 of the elevating support portion 15 is It is characterized by comprising a holding cap 13 to be fixed.

To further explain the present invention, as the protective material 3 of the composite panel 4, for example, a cement mortar plate, a cement concrete plate, a synthetic resin-containing cement mortar plate, a fiber reinforced cement mortar plate, a natural stone plate, an artificial stone plate, a ceramic plate, or the like is used. be able to. Its thickness is generally 5-50
It is preferably about mm, and is determined by the allowable weight at the time of construction, the structural strength of the roof frame 1, the wind resistance, the usage form of the roof, and the like.

As the heat insulating material 2 made of the foamed synthetic resin of the composite panel 4, for example, an extruded foamed polystyrene board, a bead foamed polystyrene board, a foamed polyethylene board, a hard foamed polyurethane board, a foamed polyvinyl chloride board, or the like can be used. In order to obtain a good tightening force when connecting the composite panels 4, the heat insulating material 2 has a hard foam having a compressive strength of 1.5 kg / cm ² or more as described in claim 3. Preferably, it is a synthetic resin. Further, there is a limit to the reduction of the expansion ratio of the rigid foam synthetic resin that is acceptable from the viewpoint of heat insulation, and therefore, the compressive strength is preferably 5 kg / cm ² or less. Further, the thickness is preferably about 15 to 100 mm, though it depends on the climatic conditions of the region where the construction is performed, the required heat insulation performance, and the like.

The composite panel 4 has a rectangular shape such as a square or a rectangle.
It is preferably about 900 × 900 mm.

The support fasteners 5 are adjacent to each other in order to exhibit a sufficient support force and to absorb the impact during rooftop walking within the elastic compressive deformation of the heat insulating material 2. It is preferable that the four corners of the four composite panels 4 be supported from the lower surface by a total receiving area of 40 cm ² or more. Further, at the joint portion where the two composite panels on the outermost periphery are adjacent to each other, as shown in claim 2, the end support member 5 'which does not have a fastening function but has only a support function.
(See FIG. 5).

The supporting fastener 5 and the end support 5 'base leg 8
And the bottom 7 may be integrated, or both may be detachable. Further, the elevating and lowering support portion 15 of the support fastener 5 and the end support 5 ′ may be formed by integrally forming the cylindrical body 10 and the flange 11, but if the structure can support the load, the cylindrical body 10 and the flange 11 may be separate and both may be separable.

Examples of the material of the support fastener 5 and the end support 5 ′ include a metal or a synthetic resin. When made of synthetic resin, for example, injection molded articles such as polypropylene, medium-low pressure polyethylene, nylon, polyester, FRP, vinyl chloride, ABS resin, polystyrene, polycarbonate, and polyacetal can be mentioned.

[Operation] In the present invention, the use of the composite panel 4 in which the heat insulating material 2 and the protective material 3 are integrated eliminates the trouble of separately laying each of them, and the support fasteners from above and below both. It functions to prevent a gap between the two when it is pinched. The sandwiching of the integrated heat insulating material 2 and the protective material 3 from above and below functions to exert a good tightening force by a repulsion force based on a moderate elastic compressive deformation of the heat insulating material 2. Since the sandwiching is performed simultaneously for the four adjacent composite panels 4, the composite panels 4 are connected to each other, and the sandwiching portion is provided with the heat insulating material 2 having elastic deformation capability. At the same time as the above sufficient fastening force,
The shock absorbing power at the time of walking on the roof can be obtained.

Further, the support fastener 5 simultaneously supports the composite panel 4 and connects the same to each other. In particular, this allows the composite panel 4
A space (air space) 16 is secured between the roof structure 1
The composite panel 4 itself needs to be a flat plate which is easy to manufacture and manage. In addition, the height adjustment function of the support fastener 5 is provided by the roof frame 1.
Irrespective of the unevenness of the land, the top surface of the composite panel 4 can be easily made flat, and the gap 16 is widened in a warm area,
Conversely, in a cold region, it also serves to narrow the gap 16. The gap 16 is preferably adjusted between 5 and 100 mm.

On the other hand, the screwing of the male screw 6 and the female screw 9 in the support fastener 5 provides the function of raising and lowering the flange 11, that is, adjusting the height by adjusting the screwing depth. The holding cap 13 functions to clamp and hold the composite panel 4 with the flange 11.

In addition, the end support member 5 'having only a support function is intended to simplify parts at locations where the fastening function is not required.

[Embodiment] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a waterproof layer 17 is formed on an upper surface of a rooftop body 1, and a gap 16 is formed on the waterproof layer 17, and a support fastener 5 and an end portion are formed. A number of composite panels 4 supported by supports 5 '(see FIG. 5) and interconnected by support fasteners 5 are laid.

The support fastener 5 is located at a position where the corners of the four adjacent composite panels 4 are in contact with each other. At this position, the support fasteners 5 support the four composite panels from below and from above and below. It is pinched. In addition, the end support is located at the outermost periphery of the laid composite panel 4 near the place where the corners of two adjacent composite panels 4 abut against each other.
The composite panel 4 is supported from below.

On the outermost roof frame 1 of the laid composite panel 4, a holding block 19 having a projection 18 at the top is mounted by projecting the projection 18 above the side end of the outermost composite panel 4. Have been. The holding block 19 is for preventing the whole of the mutually connected composite panels 4 from being blown up by wind.

In addition, a ventilation hole 23 may be provided in the lower part of the holding block 19 to allow the air in the gap 16 to flow. If this air vent hole 23 is at the same height as the waterproof layer 17, it can also serve as a water drain hole.

Further, the support fastener 5 and the end support 5 'will be described.

As shown in FIG. 3, the support fastener 5 includes a base leg 8, an elevating support portion 15, and a pressing cap 13.

The base leg 8 has a disk-shaped bottom 7 that can be stably positioned if it is a substantially flat surface, a male screw 6 that is fixed upright on the bottom 7, and formed on the upper surface of the bottom 7. And a reinforcing rib 20 for reinforcing the. The male screw 6 may be detachable from the bottom 7 by fitting or the like, or may be formed integrally.

On the other hand, the elevating and lowering support portion 15 has a flange 11 on a disk having substantially the same size as the bottom portion 7 and a head portion 12 having an engagement portion 14 formed on the top portion, and the flange 11 is fixed around the head portion 12. A cylindrical body 10 on the inner surface of which a female screw 9 into which the male screw 6 is screwed is formed;
And a reinforcing rib 21 formed on the lower surface side of the reinforcing member to reinforce it.

The flange 11 is for mounting and supporting the composite panel 4 on its upper surface. In particular, the lifting support 15 is entirely raised and lowered with respect to the base leg 8 by adjusting the screwing depth of the male screw 6 of the base leg 8 with respect to the female screw 9. Therefore, the height of the flange 11 and thus the height of the upper surface of the composite panel 4 placed on the flange 11 can be adjusted by the lifting and lowering. Especially cylindrical body 10
The head 12 is shaped like a bolt head to facilitate this adjustment.

The male screw 6 is used to secure a gap (see FIG. 1) between the composite panel 4 and the roof frame 1 together with the elevation, and its height is preferably about 10 to 80 mm.

The holding cap 13 has a disk shape slightly smaller than the bottom 7 and the flange 11, and has a non-slip ridge formed concentrically on the lower surface. The holding cap 13 is fixed on the head 12 by a screw 22 screwed into a hole formed as an engaging portion 14 in the head 12 of the cylindrical body 10. It is something to pinch. Therefore, the interval between the flange 11 and the presser cap 13 is such that a good clamping force is obtained.
The thickness is set slightly smaller than the thickness of the composite panel 4.

The reinforcing ribs 20 and 21 are not always necessary, and may be omitted when the support fastener 5 is made of metal and the bottom 7 and the flange 11 have sufficient strength. Especially by this omission, the flange 11 can be attached to the lowermost part of the cylindrical body 10,
The position of the flange 11 can be adjusted to a lower position.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the elevating and lowering support portion 15 of the support fastener 5, in which a lower end of the cylindrical body 10 has a receiving seat 24 projecting therefrom, and a flange fitted from above the cylindrical body 10. 11 is placed on the seat 24, and the flange 11 is detachable from the tubular body 10. With this configuration, when adjusting the height of the flange 11 by rotating the cylindrical body 10, the cylindrical body 10 is idled relative to the flange 11, and the composite panel 4 4 can be prevented.

The end support 5 'is, as shown in FIG.
And an elevating support portion 15.

The base leg 8 is substantially the same as the support fastener 5 described above, and includes a male screw 6 slightly shorter than that of the support fastener 5, a similar bottom portion 7, and a similar reinforcement rib 20.

The elevating support part 15 is a cylindrical body in the support fastener 5 described above.
10 has a configuration that only the lower part of the collar 11,
Others are the same as the support fastener 5 mentioned above.

The end support 5 ′ supports the composite panel 4 on the flange 11 and supports the composite panel 4. Similarly to the support fastener 5 described above, the end support 5 ′ adjusts the screwing depth of the male screw 6 with respect to the female screw 9.
The lifting support 15 can be moved up and down.

It should be noted that the reinforcing ribs 20 and 21 can be omitted as in the case of the support fastener 5 described above. The illustrated male thread 6 of the support fastener 5 and the male screw 6 of the end support 5 ′ is threaded as a whole. Is also good. This is a female screw 9
The same applies to.

[Effects of the Invention] The present invention is as described above, and has the following effects.

The composite panel integrates a heat insulating material and a protective material and can be laid at once, so that the construction is easy.

The composite panel does not require a complicated configuration or shape, and can be manufactured at low cost.

Since the upper surface of the protective material and the lower surface of the heat insulating material of the composite panel are sandwiched, it is ensured that the fastening by the support fastener is performed within the range of elastic deformation of the heat insulating material. This means that the fastening is not easily loosened over a long period of time.

Due to the elasticity of the heat insulating material, it can be expected that the impact at the time of walking on the roof is absorbed to some extent. This not only reduces the impact on the foot during walking, but also reduces the impact sound on the living room and reduces the damage caused by the concentrated load on the waterproof layer.

The support fastener has an elevating function constituted by a male screw and a female screw. By rotating the support fastener, the height of the flange is changed to easily adjust the height of the upper surface of the composite panel.

The support fastener may have only one flange to support the integrated composite panel, and the overall configuration is simple and can be manufactured at low cost.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a rooftop outside heat insulating structure according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the support fastener with a partial front view left, and FIG. And FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the end support with a partial front view. 1: Roof frame, 2: Insulation material, 3: Protective material, 4: Composite panel, 5: Support fastener, 5 ': End support, 6: Male screw, 7: Bottom, 8: Base leg, 9: Female screw , 10: cylindrical body, 11: flange, 12: head, 13: holding cap, 14: engaging part, 15: elevating support part.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Osamu Sano 1-6-12 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo Dow Chemical Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yukihisa Ebara 1-6-12 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo Dow Chemical Incorporated (56) References Microfilm (JP, U) photographing the contents of the specification and drawings attached to the application for Japanese Utility Model Application No. 62-29859 (Japanese Utility Model Application No. Sho 63-138331)

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] In a rooftop outside heat insulating structure having an air layer, a heat insulating material layer, and a protective material layer on a roof frame, a composite panel in which a heat insulating material made of a foamed synthetic resin and a protective material are integrated is formed. Using a laying tool with an upper surface height adjustment function,
A rooftop outside heat insulating structure having a structure in which a lower surface of a heat insulating material and an upper surface of a protective material at four corners of four composite panels contacting each other are sandwiched. 2. An insulating material having a function of adjusting the height of the upper surface of the composite panel is used to support the lower surface of the heat insulating material of two adjacent composite panels adjacent to the extreme ends when a large number of composite panels are laid. The rooftop exterior heat-insulating structure according to claim 1, further comprising a structure. 3. The composite panel according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating material has a compressive strength of 1.5.
2. The composite panel according to claim 1, wherein the corners are within a range of about 5.0 kg / cm ² and four corners of the composite panel are supported from a lower surface of the heat insulating material by the laying tool with a total receiving area of 40 cm ² or more. Roof exterior insulation structure as described. 4. A base leg comprising a male screw and a bottom portion for supporting the male screw, a cylindrical body having a female screw formed therein for screwing with the male screw, a flange projecting around the cylindrical body, and a head of the cylindrical body. An elevating and lowering support portion comprising an engaging portion for engaging and fixing the following pressing cap, and a composite panel in which a heat insulating material and a protective material are integrated together with a flange of the elevating and lowering support portion. A support fastener for a composite panel, comprising: a holding cap fixed to an engaging portion of a head.