JP2713660B2 - Control method of air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for controlling an air conditioner.

(Prior Art) In a conventional air conditioner, an operation frequency of an inverter-driven compressor is calculated by performing a PID operation on a deviation between a room temperature and a set temperature, and cold air blown into a room according to the operation frequency. Had been switched to multiple stages. Further, the blowing direction of the cold air was constant and could not be changed.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As shown in FIG. 8, the range in which the occupant feels comfortable in the room being cooled, that is, the comfort zone changes according to the room temperature and the wind speed of the cool air.

As shown in FIG. 9, the comfort index of the occupants, that is, the PMV value, is as shown in FIG. Thus, the radiation index is significantly different from that when the radiation temperature is low (curve b), and these comfort indexes decrease as the room temperature decreases.

However, in the conventional control method, at the time of the start-up operation of cooling,
Since the room temperature is controlled so as to quickly reach the set temperature, not only does the comfort of the occupants be hindered, but also the room temperature reaches the comfort zone during the start-up operation of the cooling as shown in FIG. It took a long time (about 15 minutes).

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention was invented to solve the above problems, and the gist of the present invention is that the temperature of the indoor air, the average radiant temperature, the water vapor pressure, the wind speed, and the occupancy of the room Clothing resistance,
Calculating a comfort index based on the amount of body radiation and the amount of work, and calculating a wind direction and a wind speed of the cool air blown into the room by fuzzy logic operation based on the comfort index and the temporal change rate. To control the air conditioner.

(Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG.

 FIG. 1 shows a control block.

The clothing resistance CLO (m ² ° C / w) of the occupant set by the clothing resistance setting means 1, the body radiation M (w / m ² ) of the occupant set by the body radiation setting means 2, work The work amount W (w / m ² ) of the occupant set by the amount setting means 3, the room temperature Ta (° C.) detected by the room temperature detecting means 4, and the average radiation in the room detected by the average radiation temperature detecting means 5 Temperature Tr
(° C.), the indoor wind speed detected by the wind speed detecting means 5
Var (m / sec) and the water vapor pressure Pa (Pa) in the room detected by the water vapor pressure detecting means 7 are input to the PMV value calculating means 8, where the comfort index, that is, the PMV value P Is calculated. The calculated PMV value P is stored in the PMV value storage means 9
, And stored here, and at the same time, to the subtractor 10. The subtracter 10 calculates the temporal change rate ΔP of the PMV value by comparing the PMV value stored in the previous sampling and inputted from the PMV value storage means 9 with the PMV value. The temporal change rate ΔP and the PMV value P are calculated by the fuzzy operation means 11.
, Where a known fuzzy logic operation is performed based on the control rule input from the control rule storage means 12 to calculate the fuzzy distribution Δfan of the wind direction and the increment of the wind speed of the cool air blown into the room.

The fuzzy distribution Δfan is input to the defuzzification means 13 and is quantized to obtain an increment ΔFAN of the setting variable FAN of the wind direction / speed. This increment ΔFAN is input to the adder 14, where the wind direction / wind speed setting variables obtained from the previous sampling, input from the FAN storage means 15, are set.
The setting variable FAN of the current wind direction / wind speed is calculated by being added to the FAN, and this setting variable FAN is input to the FAN storage means 15 and stored therein, and at the same time, is passed through the wind direction / wind speed It is output to a louver rotation motor (not shown) that regulates the wind direction and a fan rotation motor (not shown) that regulates the wind speed of the cool air.

The control rule storage means 12 stores the control rules shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Rule 1 IF P = NB, ΔP = NB THFN ΔFAN = NB Rule 2 IF P = NB, ΔP = ZO THFN ΔFAN = NB Rule 3 IF P = NS, ΔP = PS THFN ΔFAN = ZO Rule 4 IF P = NS, ΔP = ZO THFN ΔFAN = NS Rule 5 IF P = NS, ΔP = NS THFN ΔFAN = NS Rule 6 IF P = ZO, ΔP = PB THFN ΔFAN = PB Rule 7 IF P = ZO, ΔP = PS THFN ΔFAN = PS Rule 8 IF P = ZO, ΔP = ZO THFN ΔFAN = ZO Rule 9 IF P = ZO, ΔP = NS THFN ΔFAN = NS Rule 10 IF P = ZO, ΔP = NB THFN ΔFAN = NB Rule 11 IF P = PS, ΔP = PS THFN ΔFAN = PS Rule 12 IF P = PS, ΔP = ZO THFN ΔFAN = PS Rule 13 IF P = PS, ΔP = NS THFN ΔFAN = ZO Rule 14 IF P = PB, ΔP = ZO THFN ΔFAN = PB Rule 15 IF P = PB, ΔP = PB THFN ΔFAN = PB The membership function of the fuzzy variable corresponding to the PMV value P is shown in FIG. 2, and the membership function of the fuzzy variable corresponding to the temporal change rate ΔP is shown in FIG. Fuzzy variables corresponding to ΔFAN Membership function is shown in Figure 4. In Table 1 and FIGS. 2 to 4,
NB means large in the negative direction, NS means small in the negative direction, ZO means zero, PS means small in the positive direction, and PB means large in the positive direction.

FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the wind direction / wind speed setting variable FAN and the wind direction / wind speed.

The fuzzy logic operation in the fuzzy operation means 11 will be described.

The calculated PMV value is defined as P1, and the temporal change rate ΔP1. Assuming that the membership function Ai1 of the PMV value P and the membership function of the temporal change rate ΔP for the rule i are Ai2, the fitness Wi of each rule is expressed by the following equation (1): Wi = Ai1 (P1) ∧Ai2 (Δp1) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… (1) where min is the increment.
Assuming that the membership function of AN is Bi, the increment ΔFAN1 due to the PMV value P1 and the time change rate ΔP1 is calculated as the value of the center of gravity of Δfan1 calculated by the equation (2).

The wind direction / wind speed setting variable FAN is given by the sum of ΔFAN1 and the wind direction / wind speed setting variable FAN at the time of the previous sampling.

When the cooling operation is started, the PMV value P is P2, and the temporal change rate Δ
The control variable calculation process when P is ΔP2 will be described with reference to FIG. The rules used in this case are ₁₁ , ₁₂ , and ₁₄ , and the degrees of conformity W ₁₁ , W ₁₂ , and W ₁₄ of these rules are obtained from equation (1) as W ₁₁ = 0.5∧0.4 = 0.4 W ₁₂ = 0.6∧0.5 = 0.5 W ₁₄ = 0.6∧0.5 = 0.5.

The output distribution Δfan2 is obtained from the equation (2) as Δfan2 = [W ₁₁ B ₁₁ ] ₁₁ [W ₁₂ B ₁₂ ] ∨ [W ₁₄ B ₁₄ ].

Membership function B ₁₁ of ΔFAN of the rules 11
PS, it B ₁₂ of the rules 12 PS, it B ₁₄ of the rules 14 is PB. Therefore, the output distribution of Δfan2 is as shown at the right end of FIG.
Increment ΔFAN2 of wind direction and wind speed setting variable FAN is output distribution Δfan
It becomes the center of gravity of 2.

In FIG. 6, the upper part shows the flow of rule 11, the middle part shows the flow of rule 12, and the lower part shows the flow of rule 14. Further, the peaks indicate the evaluation functions of P, ΔP, and ΔFAN from the left, and the peaks of ΔFAN The inner mountain is ΔFAN evaluated by the conformity of each rule.
, And the mountain at the right end shows a composite of the output distribution of each rule.

Thus, at the start of the cooling operation, the PMV value P can be quickly entered into the comfort zone as shown by the solid line in FIG. 8 by increasing the wind speed and directing the wind direction to the living space. Then, by lowering the wind speed in accordance with the decrease in the room temperature and diffusing the wind direction, the room temperature can be set to the set temperature while entering the comfort zone.

Next, a control amount calculation process when the PMV value P is P ₃ and the temporal change rate ΔP is ΔP ₃ during normal cooling operation will be described with reference to FIG. Rules corresponding to this condition are rules 8 and 12.
It is.

The fitness levels W ₈ and W ₁₂ of the rules 8 and 12 are represented by the following equations.

W ₈ = 0.8∧1.0 = 0.8 W ₁₂ = 0.2∧1.0 = 0.2 The output distribution Δfan3 is obtained by the following equation.

Δfan3 = [W ₈ B ₈ ] ∨ [W ₁₂ B ₁₂ ] The membership function B ₈ of ΔFAN for rule ₈ is Z
O, it about rule 12, B ₁₂ is PS. Therefore, Δ
The output distribution of fan3 is as shown at the right end of FIG. Then, the increment ΔFAN3 of the setting variable FAN of the wind direction / wind speed becomes the center of gravity of the output distribution Δfan3.

In this way, if the PMV value P has reached a comfortable state of almost zero, the setting variable FAN of the wind direction / wind speed hardly changes, and the PMV value P is to be kept at zero.

(Effect of the Invention) In the present invention, the temperature of the indoor air, the average radiant temperature,
A comfort index is calculated based on the water vapor pressure, the wind speed, the clothes resistance, the amount of body radiation, and the amount of work of the occupants, and the room is blown into the room by fuzzy logic operation based on the comfort index and the temporal change rate. In order to calculate the wind direction and wind speed of the cold air, by changing the wind direction and wind speed of the cold air blown into the room, the temperature of the indoor air, the average radiant temperature, the water vapor pressure,
The comfort level can be maintained satisfactorily irrespective of the wind speed and the occupant's clothing resistance, the amount of body radiation, and the amount of work.

In addition, while maintaining the room temperature at the set temperature, it is possible to achieve a comfort level corresponding to the clothes resistance, the amount of body radiation, and the amount of work of the occupants. In addition, at the start of the cooling operation or the like, it is possible to quickly enter the comfort zone.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 to 7 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a control block diagram, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a membership function of comfort, and FIG. 3 is a member of a temporal change rate. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a membership function for increment of wind direction / wind speed setting variables, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between wind direction / wind speed setting variables and wind direction / wind speed. ,
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the process of calculating the control amount at the start of cooling, FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the process of calculating the control amount at the time of normal cooling operation, and FIG. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a temporal change of the comfort level and the room temperature at the start of cooling. Room temperature detecting means ... 4, average radiation temperature detecting means ... 5, water vapor pressure detecting means ... 7, wind speed detecting means ... 6, clothing resistance setting means ... 1, body radiation amount setting means ... 2, work amount Setting means ... 3, means for calculating comfort level ... 8, means for calculating temporal change rate ... 10, fuzzy calculating means ... 11, control rule storage means ... 12, wind direction / wind speed calculating means ... 14

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A comfort index is calculated based on the indoor air temperature, average radiant temperature, water vapor pressure, wind speed and the occupant's clothing resistance, body radiation, and work load. A method for controlling an air conditioner, comprising calculating a wind direction and a wind speed of cold air blown into a room by fuzzy logic operation based on a change rate.