JP2709806B2 - Manufacturing method of elastic dam that can be expanded and contracted - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an intake weir, an estuary weir,
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a scalable elastic dam used for a diversion / flow rate control gate or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Intake weirs for irrigation, water supply, power generation, industrial use, etc., estuaries for backflow prevention, sand prevention, wave protection, etc.
For diversion / flow control floodgates for retarding ponds / reservoirs, etc.
A scalable elastic dam is provided.

[0003] The elastic dam is formed of a tube body which is installed on a riverbed of a river in a transverse direction and which is deformable to expand and contract through injection of fluid. That is, when a fluid such as air or water is injected into the tube from the operation room, the tube expands and expands to form a weir that impedes the water flow of the river. On the other hand, when the fluid in the tube body is discharged by the operation from the operation room, the tube body contracts and becomes flat, and is discharged without obstructing the water flow of the river.

For this reason, the tube body forming the elastic dam is composed of a seal sheet installed on the riverbed and constituting the bottom of the tube body, and a rubber dam sheet mounted on the seal sheet. Both side edges are air-tightly or water-tightly fixed to both side edges of the seal sheet, and when the fluid is injected, the dam sheet is expanded and expanded so as to rise.

[0005]

In order to guarantee the durability of the elastic dam, a plurality of plies of the canvas are embedded in the dam sheet to improve the strength. Therefore, if the natural shrub is sufficiently durable against the river water flow in the natural state and natural shrubs etc. are swept by the water flow and collide with the elastic dam, slight damage to the dam sheet will not be practical. Does not hinder

However, in recent years, it has been observed that the elastic dam has been artificially damaged, resulting in a so-called puncture or burst accident. The present inventor has investigated the cause, and as the number of people performing fishing, boating, playing in the water, etc. increases in rivers, these persons intentionally or negligently poke the elastic dam with a harpoon or cut it with a knife. It was clarified that there is a case where it can be damaged artificially by a proper method. In rivers in the mountains, it was also found that hunting hunters may fire guns at the elastic dam, and bullets fired at birds and animals may hit the elastic dam as flow bullets and cause damage. .

[0007] In the case of such artificial damage,
A breach or a through-hole occurs in the dam sheet, and the fluid in the tube leaks, resulting in a serious accident that loses the function of the original elastic dam.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims at protecting an elastic dam from the above-mentioned human accident, and is characterized in that a protective layer is provided on a dam sheet constituting a tube body.

As a method for providing such a protective layer, for example, it is conceivable to cover the outer periphery of an existing or ready-made elastic dam with a separate protective net or protective sheet, but this is not practically preferable. That is, as described above, the elastic dam has a feature in that the elastic dam can be freely expanded and contracted through the injection of the fluid. However, when the elastic dam is configured to be surrounded by a separate net or sheet, these nets may be used. It is difficult to deform the sheet or sheet completely following the expansion and contraction of the elastic dam, and the above-described characteristic is lost. In addition, elastic dams are usually large because they span the entire width of the riverbed, and when they are installed on-site, installing a separate net or sheet at the same time reduces work efficiency and increases installation costs. Disadvantage.

Therefore, the present inventor has found that it is advantageous to integrally form the protective layer on the dam sheet instead of such a separate net or sheet. That is, by forming the dam sheet into a laminated structure of a rubber base layer and an elastic protective layer laminated and integrated on the outer surface of the rubber base layer, the elastic sheet having excellent breakage resistance without the above-described problem occurs. It became possible to provide a dam.

By the way, the elastic protective layer is for preventing the dam sheet from being damaged as described above while ensuring the flexibility of the dam sheet. Furthermore, it must be of high strength so that the bullet does not penetrate even when fired with a rifle.

For this reason, the present inventor has sought to satisfy the seemingly contradictory two requirements of flexibility and high strength by providing an elastic protective layer constituting the outer layer of a dam sheet with a flexible material in which a large number of small ceramic pieces are embedded. It has been found that it is most advantageous to configure the rubber sheet layer with a simple rubber sheet layer. That is, the rubber sheet layer does not lose its flexibility as a whole, thereby guaranteeing expansion and contraction deformation of the elastic dam in the same manner as before, while preventing the penetration of harpoons and bullets by the embedded ceramic pieces and the knife. Etc. can be prevented.
At this time, by embedding a large number of ceramic pieces so that they are scattered and spread while adjoining in the plane direction of the rubber sheet layer, the entire dam sheet is provided with a protective function to prevent the occurrence of local weak parts. Was completed. In addition to spreading the ceramic pieces only in the plane direction, they are also scattered and embedded so as to overlap vertically within the thickness of the rubber sheet layer, thereby reliably preventing penetration of harpoons and bullets. Was made.

Thus, the elastic dam manufactured according to the present invention is a tube-shaped elastic dam made of a rubber dam sheet which is installed transversely on the riverbed of a river and can be expanded and contracted through the injection of fluid. In the dam, the dam sheet includes a laminated structure of a rubber base layer and an elastic protective layer laminated and integrated on the outer surface of the rubber base layer, and the elastic protective layer has a large number of small ceramic pieces embedded therein at random. A large number of the ceramic pieces are scattered and spread while adjoining in the plane direction of the rubber sheet layer, and are scattered by overlapping vertically within the thickness of the rubber sheet layer. This achieves the above object.

In order to satisfy the above two requirements of flexibility and high strength, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
The ceramic piece has a diameter of about 2 to 4 mm and a length of about 2 to
It has a slender, almost cylindrical shape with a length of 8 mm. When the thickness of the elastic protective layer is about 4 to 12 mm, the amount of ceramic pieces embedded in the rubber sheet layer is about 4 kg / m ^{2 to} 8 kg.
/ M ² .

Therefore, the method of manufacturing the elastic dam according to the present invention is characterized in that a large number of ceramic pieces having a surface coated with a rubber adhesive are scattered while being thinly deposited on a short sheet of unvulcanized rubber. After that, the ceramic pieces
Include pressing short sheet by a non-vulcanizing press mold
And, allowed to bury ceramic pieces in the short sheet
At the same time, a large number of the ceramic pieces are
Scattered while being adjacent to each other in the direction
A step of obtaining a non-vulcanized protection layer spare sheet which is scattered by being overlapped and scattered vertically within the wall thickness, and for a long strip-shaped base layer which has been unvulcanized by a continuous sheet of unvulcanized rubber. A step of obtaining a preliminary sheet, and sequentially laying out the preliminary sheet for the protective layer in the non-vulcanized state in the form of the short sheet on the preliminary sheet for the base layer in the non-vulcanized state. It consists of a step of vulcanizing and integrating a base layer spare sheet and a protective layer spare sheet with a mold to form a dam sheet, and a step of manufacturing a tubular elastic dam using the obtained dam sheet.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment of Elastic Dam) As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, an elastic dam 1 is installed on a riverbed 3 of a river 2 in a transverse direction, and is a tube which is deformable to be expandable and contractable through injection of a fluid. Consists of body 4. A fluid such as air or water can be injected into and discharged from the tube body 4 through a supply / discharge pipe 6 from an operation room 5 installed on the river bank. Therefore, when a fluid is injected into the tube body 4, the tube body 4 expands and expands as shown in FIG. On the other hand, when the fluid in the tube body 4 is discharged, the tube body 4 contracts and becomes flat as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, the tube body 4 forming the elastic dam 1 is provided on the riverbed 3 and forms a seal sheet 7 constituting the bottom of the tube body 4 and a rubber sheet mounted on the seal sheet 7. And both sides of the dam sheet 8 are air-tightly or water-tightly fixed to both sides of the seal sheet 7, and when the fluid is injected, the dam sheet 8 is expanded and expanded so as to rise. In the case of the illustrated example, both side edges of the seal sheet 7 are fixed to the riverbed 3 with anchor bolts, and flanges on both side edges of the dam sheet 8 are fastened onto the seal sheet 7 by metal fittings attached to the anchor bolts. I have.

The tube body 4 of the elastic dam 1 has a separate structure of the seal sheet 7 and the dam sheet 8 as shown in the drawing, and for example, a wide band-shaped dam sheet 8 is bent into a cylindrical shape and abutted. It is also possible to adopt a single-piece structure in which the edges are fixed by baking, gluing, or fastening with metal fittings.

As shown in FIG. 3, the dam sheet 8 has a laminated structure of a rubber base layer 9 and an elastic protective layer 10 laminated and integrated on the outer surface of the rubber base layer 9. The rubber base layer 9
Is the canvas 1 in the rubber layer as shown in FIG.
1 is embedded in a plurality of plies and integrated. In the illustrated example, the weir height of the elastic dam 1 is about 2 m, the thickness of the rubber base layer 9 is about 4.1 mm, and the canvas 11 has two plies. However, when the weir height of the elastic dam 1 becomes about 7 m, the thickness of the rubber base layer 9 becomes about 16 mm, and the canvas 11 becomes three ply or more.

The elastic protective layer 10 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 2, the flexible rubber sheet layer has a large number of small ceramic pieces 12 embedded at random. The ceramic piece 12 may have a small rectangular parallelepiped shape, a cubic shape, or a ball shape, but is most preferably formed in a slender, substantially cylindrical shape as shown in the figure. In the illustrated embodiment, the ceramic piece 12 is made of α-alumina and other ceramics, has a diameter of about 2 to 4 mm (most preferably about 2 mm), a length of about 2 to 8 mm (most preferably about 4 mm), and has elasticity. when the thickness of the protective layer 10 of approximately 4 to 12 mm, and a buried Iriryou ceramic pieces 12 is approximately ^{4kg / m 2 ~8kg / m 2} . However, many ceramic pieces 12 may be of the same shape and the same size, or may be different shapes and sizes.

The reason is that if the size of the ceramic small piece 12 is too large, the small piece 12 may break through the rubber sheet layer of the deformed elastic protective layer 10 when the dam sheet 8 expands and deforms. , Ceramic pieces 12
If the size is too small, the small pieces 12 are not easily scattered uniformly throughout the rubber sheet layer during the preforming of the elastic protective layer 10 described later, and the protective function described above is inferior.

The amount of the ceramic pieces 12 to be embedded is 4
In the case of less than kg / m ² , the small pieces 12 are not densely scattered in the rubber sheet layer and are coarse and lack the above-mentioned protective function. On the other hand, in the case of more than 8 kg / m ² , the small pieces 12 This is because it is scattered and the flexibility of the elastic protective layer 10 cannot be satisfied.

As shown in FIG. 4B, a large number of the ceramic small pieces 12 are scattered and spread while adjoining in the plane direction of the rubber sheet layer, and the elongated cylindrical small ceramic pieces 12 have directivity. There is no adjacent piece 1
2 are arranged at random in a mutually interdigitated manner in the front, rear, left and right directions. Therefore, even if the tip of a thin harpoon or a small-diameter bullet pierces any part of the elastic protective layer 10, the ceramic small piece 12 always exists at a position where the penetration is hindered. Even when the elastic protective layer 10 is to be cut by a knife or the like, the ceramic small piece 12 is always positioned so as to block the cutting line.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4 (A), many of the ceramic pieces 12 are scattered so as to be overlapped vertically within the thickness of the rubber sheet layer. That is, in the case of the illustrated example, a large number of ceramic pieces 12
First layer 1 spreading in a plane direction at a portion close to the surface of
3 and a second layer 14 located below the first layer 13
And a third layer 15 located further below, and are arranged so as to close the space between the ceramic pieces 12 in each layer with respect to the thickness direction of the elastic protective layer 10 by the ceramic pieces 12 in the other layers. I have. For this reason, the tip of a thin harpoon or a small-diameter bullet is placed between the surface of the elastic protective layer 10 and the adjacent ceramic small piece 12 of the first layer 13 (two ceramic small pieces 12 adjacent in the plane direction).
), And the ceramic pieces 12 enter while rejecting the ceramic pieces 12 in the lateral direction, and are blocked by the ceramic pieces 12 in the lower layers 14 and 15 and are prevented from entering.

(Embodiment of Manufacturing Method) The dam sheet 8 provided with the elastic protective layer 10 described above can be manufactured by the following steps.

(Process for Producing Preliminary Sheet for Protective Layer)
As shown in FIG. 5A, a rubber adhesive 16 is applied to the surface of the prepared ceramic piece 12 and dried. The adhesive 16 is mainly composed of a solution obtained by dissolving a chlorinated rubber in a solvent and adding a reactive phenol resin thereto. For example, a commercially available adhesive under the trademark of Chemloc 205 and 220 is available. is there. In this method of applying the adhesive, a large number of small ceramic pieces 12 may be put in a basket and immersed in the adhesive, or the adhesive may be spray-adhered to the large number of small pieces 12 by a sprayer. The applied adhesive 16 is naturally dried.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5 (B), a large number of the ceramic small pieces 12 are made of a short sheet 1 of unvulcanized rubber.
7 and are scattered while being deposited thinly. The scattered amount of the ceramic pieces 12 is about 4 kg / m ² to 8 as described above.
kg / m ² , and the dimension of the short sheet 17 is, for example, 1
The size is 350 mm (width) × 2000 mm (length) or other appropriate dimensions.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5 (C), a large number of small ceramic pieces 12 are placed on a short sheet 17 of unvulcanized rubber, and a non-vulcanizing press die using upper and lower dies 18 and 19 is used. Press and bury ceramic pieces 12 in short sheet 17 of unvulcanized rubber, about 4 to 12 mm thick
A preliminary non-vulcanized protective sheet 20 is obtained. A large number of buried ceramic pieces 12 form the elastic protective layer 10.
Are arranged at random in the same manner as described above. In this pressing step, the unvulcanized short sheet is simply pressed at room temperature and is not vulcanized. Alternatively, if the non-vulcanizing press die is heated to 60 to 80 degrees Celsius, the rubber will not be vulcanized, but by softening the rubber, the ceramic small pieces 12 due to plastic deformation of the short sheet 17 will be obtained. Can be easily implanted. in this way,
The protective layer preliminary sheet 20 pressed by the non-vulcanized press die is in a state where the rubber material is left unvulcanized. Alternatively, after release, a semi-vulcanized state may be generated by natural vulcanization at least to the extent of burning of the rubber, but the “non-vulcanized state” that allows full vulcanization by hot pressing later It is assumed.

As shown in FIG. 6, the protective layer preliminary sheet 20 is formed by inclining the cross sections located at both side edges (in the illustrated example, inclining at an angle of 45 degrees) to form the joining portions 21a and 21b. Is formed. This inclined joint 21
In order to form a and 21b, a slope corresponding to the joint is provided on the inner surfaces of the dies 18 and 19, and the short sheet 17 undergoes plastic deformation during pressing by the non-vulcanizing press die. It is preferable to press-mold the sheet, but it may be formed by cutting the side edge obliquely by cutter means after forming the protective layer preliminary sheet 20.

(Preparation Step of Preliminary Sheet for Base Layer) Apart from the step of preparing the preliminary sheet 20 for protection layer, a preliminary sheet 22 for base layer for forming the rubber base layer 9 of the dam sheet described above is prepared. The manufacturing process of the base layer auxiliary sheet 22 is the same as the intermediate process of manufacturing the dam sheet in the conventional elastic dam, and is not shown in the drawing. However, as in the conventional case, a continuous strip of unvulcanized rubber is used. The canvas 11 is buried in the number of plies as needed. As a method of manufacturing such a preliminary sheet 22 for the base layer, an unvulcanized rubber sheet may be laminated in a sandwich shape with each of the required number of canvases 11 interposed therebetween. It may be manufactured by laminating a required number of such rubberized cloths by using a rubberized cloth having a predetermined thickness. The thickness and width of the base layer auxiliary sheet 22 are determined in accordance with the target height of the elastic dam as described above.

The base layer auxiliary sheet 22 is also kept in the “non-vulcanized state” so that the main vulcanization by hot pressing can be performed later, similarly to the protective layer auxiliary sheet 20.

(Dam Sheet Forming Step) As shown in FIG. 6, a non-vulcanized protection layer preliminary sheet 20 is successively formed on the above-described non-vulcanized base layer preliminary sheet 22 in succession. And lay them down. At this time, the protective layer preliminary sheets 20, 20 laid adjacent to each other are connected to each other at the connecting portions 21a,
21b is polymerized. In addition, the preliminary sheet 22 for the base layer
When laying the protective layer spare sheet 20 on the
If the rubber composition of the two preliminary sheets 20 and 22 is different from each other and the vulcanization progress rates in the subsequent vulcanization process are different from each other, another unvulcanized rubber sheet is added and interposed between the two preliminary sheets. Or by interposing a coating film of a rubber adhesive. However, when the vulcanization progress rates of the two preliminary sheets 20 and 22 are almost the same, the two preliminary sheets are vulcanized and integrated by the subsequent hot pressing even without such an additional intervening layer. You.

The base layer auxiliary sheet 22 on which the protective layer auxiliary sheet 20 is sequentially laid is sent to a continuous vulcanizer continuously in a belt shape, and as shown in FIG. The hot pressing is performed by the upper and lower dies 23 and 24 of the vulcanizing press mold, and the two sheets 20 and 22 are vulcanized and integrated to form the dam sheet 8 described above.

In the vulcanization by the hot press, the protective layer preliminary sheet 20 has the joints 21a and 21b vulcanized and integrated, so that the surface of the elastic protective layer 10 after molding has seams and joints. Instead, they are integrated in a so-called seamless form. Further, in the protective layer preliminary sheet 20 during vulcanization, the large number of ceramic pieces 12 are firmly adhered to the rubber all around via the rubber adhesive 16.

(Process of Manufacturing Elastic Dam) The dam sheet 8 manufactured as described above has an elastic protective layer 1 of the present invention as a surface layer.
Since it is the same as a conventional dam sheet except that laminations 0 are integrated, it is bent into a tube by the same method as the conventional one and used as an elastic dam 1 as shown in FIGS.

[0037]

According to the present invention, it is possible to manufacture an elastic dam which is free from so-called punctures or bursts due to artificial harm such as a harpoon or a bullet while being freely expandable and contractible as in the prior art. . That is, the elastic protective layer composed of a flexible rubber sheet layer in which a large number of ceramic pieces are embedded at random, allows a large number of ceramic pieces to spread while being scattered adjacent to the rubber sheet layer in the plane direction. Someone tries to pierce the outer surface of the elastic protective layer with a thin tip of a harpoon or a small caliber bullet, etc., because the rubber sheet layer is scattered by overlapping it up and down within the thickness of the rubber sheet layer. Even if an attempt is made to cut the elastic protective layer, the ceramic piece blocks the piercing direction and the cutting direction from both the plane direction and the thickness direction to prevent breakage. For this reason, it is extremely excellent as a dam sheet that satisfies the two requirements of flexibility and high strength.

According to the method of manufacturing an elastic dam according to the present invention, there is an effect that such an elastic dam can be manufactured by a simple method. That is, first, in the production of the dam sheet, since the preliminary sheet for the protective layer and the preliminary sheet for the base layer are both prepared in a non-vulcanized state, they are polymerized and vulcanized and integrated. A dam sheet having desired rubber characteristics can be provided without causing elastic deterioration due to rubber deterioration unlike the method of performing the double vulcanization. second
In the preliminary production process, the preliminary
The sheet is made of ceramics with a rubber adhesive applied to the surface
A large number of small pieces are thinly deposited on a short sheet of unvulcanized rubber.
After scattered, short pieces including the ceramic pieces
Sheet by pressing with a non-vulcanizing press mold.
It is easy to make a spare sheet for the protective layer
Of the dam sheet obtained after vulcanization molding
Protective layer has two requirements for flexibility and high strength as described above.
Is satisfied. In particular, the protective spare sheet
In this way, a short sheet embedded with ceramic pieces is constructed.
Preparation of many spare sheets for protection in advance
Storage and management are easy. Besides, production
Thinly deposited on the unvulcanized short sheet
A large number of small ceramic pieces were placed on the short sheet.
To be embedded by pressing with a non-vulcanizing press mold
Therefore, small pieces of ceramics are
Press-fit through the sexual deformation, and the short sheet
Adjacent in the plane direction while receiving rebound due to moderate resistance
And spread vertically and within the thickness of the short sheet.
It is scattered while overlapping. In other words,
Small pieces of ceramics can be aggregated together in short sheets.
But at random over and down and left and right as desired
It is dispersed so as to be in a wrap state . Third, da
The short sheet protective layer obtained in the preliminary manufacturing process
A large number of spare sheets for base
Because it is a configuration that is laid on top of
Even when manufacturing, the protective sheet for the protective layer is
Is easy to polymerize, and then vulcanizing
A spare sheet for base layer and a spare sheet for protective layer
Because of the vulcanization-integrated configuration, manufacturing is simple and extremely
Has the effect of being able to efficiently manufacture dam sheets.
You .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of an elastic dam manufactured by a method of the present invention in an expanded and expanded state.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of an elastic dam manufactured by the method of the present invention in a contracted state.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of an elastic dam manufactured by the method of the present invention.

4A and 4B show a dam sheet according to an embodiment of an elastic dam manufactured by the method of the present invention, wherein FIG. 4A is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view and FIG. 4B is a plan view.

FIG. 5 shows one embodiment of a method for manufacturing a dam sheet in the method for manufacturing an elastic dam according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 (A) is a perspective view showing a step of applying a rubber adhesive to ceramic pieces; (B) is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a large number of ceramic pieces are thinly deposited on a short sheet of unvulcanized rubber, and (C) is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a preliminary sheet for a protective layer is formed by cold pressing. It is a figure, (D) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which vulcanizes and integrates the preliminary | backup sheet for base layers and the preliminary | backup sheet for protective layers by hot press, and forms a dam sheet.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a method for continuously laying a protective sheet for a protective layer on a preliminary sheet for a base layer in one embodiment of the method for manufacturing an elastic dam according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Elastic dam 2 River 3 Riverbed 4 Tube body 8 Dam sheet 9 Rubber base layer 10 Elastic protective layer 12 Ceramic small piece 16 Adhesive for rubber 17 Short sheet of unvulcanized rubber 20 Protective spare sheet 22 Base layer spare sheet

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for producing a tubular elastic dam consisting of a rubber dam sheet which is mounted transversely on a riverbed of a river and is scalably deformable through the injection of a fluid, the method comprising: After a large number of ceramic pieces coated with the agent were scattered while being thinly deposited on a short sheet of unvulcanized rubber, the short sheet containing the ceramic pieces was pressed by a non-vulcanizing press mold , together allowed to bury ceramic pieces in the short sheet, the ceramic
Many small pieces are scattered adjacent to the short sheet in the plane direction.
Up and down within the thickness of the short sheet
Obtaining a preliminary sheet for a protective layer in a non-vulcanized state formed by tapping and scattering, and a step of obtaining a preliminary sheet for a long strip-shaped base layer in a non-vulcanized state by a continuous sheet of unvulcanized rubber. The above- mentioned short length is placed on the preliminary sheet for the base layer in the non-vulcanized state.
After laying out the non-vulcanized protection layer preliminary sheet in a sheet form in succession, the vulcanizing press mold is used to vulcanize and integrate the base layer preliminary sheet and the protective layer preliminary sheet into a dam sheet. And a step of manufacturing a tubular elastic dam using the obtained dam sheet.