CN112144477A

CN112144477A - Intelligent phase change capsule geomembrane for preventing lining from being frozen and expanded and damaged

Info

Publication number: CN112144477A
Application number: CN202011023617.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱洵; 王羿; 蔡正银; 黄英豪; 张晨; 韩迅; 郭万里; 朱锐; 简富献; 厉立兵; 刘锐明
Original assignee: Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute of National Energy Administration Ministry of Transport Ministry of Water Resources
Current assignee: Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute of National Energy Administration Ministry of Transport Ministry of Water Resources; CCCC First Harbour Consultants Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-25
Filing date: 2020-09-25
Publication date: 2020-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-25
Also published as: CN112144477B

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent phase change capsule geomembrane for lining anti-freezing swelling damage, which comprises a first non-woven fabric layer arranged on an upper layer, a first plastic film layer arranged on a lower layer, a soft grid arranged between the first non-woven fabric layer and the first plastic film layer, and a capsule arranged in the soft grid; the capsule is filled with a phase-change solution, and when the soft grid is extruded and deformed, the capsule is extruded to cause the phase-change solution to change phase and release heat. The invention adopts a soft grid built-in capsule structure, and the soft grid is pressed between a non-woven fabric layer and a plastic film layer of the geomembrane, and can bear the uniform surface load of an upper lining plate at normal temperature; when frost heaving deformation of channel foundation soil occurs in winter, the soft grating is extruded and deformed, the phase change solution in the capsule is extruded and then undergoes phase change, a large amount of heat is released, soil ice at the frost heaving position is melted, frost heaving is eliminated, and meanwhile, freezing effects among the geomembrane, the lining and the foundation soil are eliminated.

Description

Intelligent phase change capsule geomembrane for preventing lining from being frozen and expanded and damaged

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to an intelligent phase change capsule geomembrane for preventing lining from being frozen and broken.

Background

The geomembrane is an impermeable material which is composed of an impermeable film and non-woven fabrics and is provided with one film or two films, wherein the impermeable film takes a plastic film as an impermeable base material, and the main mechanism is that the impermeability of the plastic film is used for separating a water leakage channel of the earth dam, and the earth dam bears water pressure and adapts to dam body deformation by using larger tensile strength and elongation; the non-woven fabric is also a high-molecular short fiber chemical material, is formed by needling or hot bonding, has higher tensile strength and extensibility, and not only increases the tensile strength and puncture resistance of the plastic film after being combined with the plastic film, but also increases the friction coefficient of a contact surface due to the rough surface of the non-woven fabric, thereby being beneficial to the stability of the geomembrane protective layer. The method is widely applied to various seepage-proofing projects such as water conservancy and hydropower projects, defense channel projects, reservoir reinforcement seepage-proofing projects and the like, and obtains good economic and social benefits.

The geomembrane is laid between the canal lining and the foundation soil, the canal foundation soil is frozen from the surface to the inside to generate the uplift deformation in winter, the jacking frost heaving force is generated on the lining, and meanwhile, the geomembrane, the lining and the foundation soil are frozen together, so that the geomembrane is pulled to crack due to the uncoordinated deformation. With the wide application of geomembranes, the requirements for membranes are increasing, which requires the improvement of the overall performance of the geomembrane to improve the quality of impermeable engineering.

For example, chinese patent CN102116015B discloses a geomembrane, wherein the upper layer of long fiber needle-punched non-woven fabric is a PE geomembrane with uniformly distributed through holes in the middle and the lower layer of long fiber needle-punched non-woven fabric are sealed and consolidated into a whole at their peripheries to form a closed cavity therein, an upper net frame and a high density polyethylene film are sequentially stacked from top to bottom in the gap cavity between the upper layer of long fiber needle-punched non-woven fabric and the middle layer of PE geomembrane, and a lower net frame is disposed in the gap cavity between the middle layer of PE geomembrane and the lower layer of long fiber needle-punched non-woven fabric. Chinese patent application CN106926531A discloses a composite geomembrane, which is composed of a composite coiled material and PET non-woven fabric layers covering the upper and lower surfaces of the composite coiled material, wherein the composite coiled material is a continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material coiled material, and is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 40-60% of continuous fiber, 30-47% of thermoplastic resin, 3-4% of color master batch, 6-9% of compatibilizer and 0.3-0.6% of antioxidant. The geomembrane has the problems of frost heaving, freezing of the geomembrane with the lining and the foundation soil when used in winter.

Therefore, how to provide the intelligent phase change capsule geomembrane for preventing the lining from being frozen and swelled to solve the problem of freezing and swelling has important significance for the application of the geomembrane.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present application aims to provide an intelligent phase change capsule geomembrane for preventing lining from being damaged by frost heaving, so that soil ice at a frost heaving position is melted, frost heaving is eliminated, freezing effects among the geomembrane, the lining and foundation soil are eliminated, and the geomembrane is protected from tensile cracking.

In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions.

An intelligent phase change capsule geomembrane for preventing lining from being frozen and damaged comprises a first non-woven fabric layer arranged on an upper layer, a first plastic film layer arranged on a lower layer, a soft grid arranged between the first non-woven fabric layer and the first plastic film layer, and a capsule arranged in the soft grid;

the capsule is filled with a phase-change solution, and when the soft grid is extruded and deformed, the capsule is extruded to cause the phase-change solution to change phase and release heat.

Preferably, the capsule is a sealing structure, and the volume ratio of the phase-change solution filled in the capsule is 70-80%; the phase change solution is a saturated sodium acetate solution, and can realize the function of releasing heat by triggering phase change after being extruded.

Preferably, the soft grid is of a cubic structure, the capsule is of a spherical structure, and the diameter of the capsule is smaller than the side length of the soft grid.

Preferably, the soft grid is the cuboid structure, the capsule is the cylinder structure, diameter, the length of capsule are less than minor face, the long limit of soft grid respectively.

Preferably, the material of the capsule is a polyvinyl chloride material.

Preferably, the soft grid is made of polysulfide rubber material or memory metal mesh, and has good elasticity and load-bearing capacity.

Preferably, the thickness of the first non-woven fabric layer is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the thickness of the first plastic film layer is 0.2-0.6 mm.

Preferably, a second non-woven fabric layer is arranged below the first plastic film layer and used for increasing the friction coefficient of the contact surface of the geomembrane and the foundation soil.

Preferably, a second plastic film layer is arranged between the first non-woven fabric layer and the soft grid for improving the anti-seepage performance.

Preferably, a second non-woven fabric layer is arranged below the first plastic film layer, and a second plastic film layer is arranged between the first non-woven fabric layer and the soft grid.

The beneficial technical effects obtained by the invention are as follows:

1) the invention adopts a soft grid built-in capsule structure, and the soft grid is pressed between a non-woven fabric layer and a plastic film layer of the geomembrane, and can bear the uniform surface load of an upper lining plate at normal temperature; when the channel foundation soil is locally subjected to uneven frost heaving deformation in winter, the local part generates larger frost heaving force to cause the soft grids in the geomembrane to be extruded and deformed, so that the capsules in the soft grids are extruded, saturated sodium acetate in the capsules is subjected to phase change due to extrusion disturbance, a large amount of heat is released to melt soil ice at the frost heaving position, frost heaving is eliminated, meanwhile, the geomembrane is heated to melt an ice layer among the geomembrane, the lining and the foundation soil, the freezing effect among the geomembrane, the lining and the foundation soil is eliminated, the geomembrane is protected from tensile cracking, and meanwhile, the lining plate can effectively adapt to the frost heavi.

2) The saturated sodium acetate solution adopted by the invention has large phase change heat release, and the frozen soil can be melted by the heat release of the capsule with a micro volume; meanwhile, the phase change of the capsule is not influenced by temperature but triggered by the extrusion of frost heaving deformation, so that unnecessary heat release and loss are avoided, and a certain intelligent frost heaving prevention effect is achieved.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present application, so that the technical means of the present application can be more clearly understood and the present application can be implemented according to the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the following detailed description is made with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings.

The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present application will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a smart phase change capsule geomembrane for lining frost heave damage prevention in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a geomembrane for lining an anti-frost-burst intelligent phase change capsule in a second embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a geomembrane for lining an anti-frost-burst intelligent phase change capsule in a third embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent phase change capsule geomembrane for lining frost heaving damage prevention in a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.

In the above drawings: 100. a first nonwoven layer; 200. a first plastic film layer; 300. a soft grid; 400. a capsule; 500. a phase change solution; 600. a second nonwoven layer; 700. a second plastic film layer.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. In the following description, specific details such as specific configurations and components are provided only to help the embodiments of the present application be fully understood. Accordingly, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. In addition, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted in the embodiments for clarity and conciseness.

It should be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "the embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "one embodiment" or "the present embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

Further, the present application may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed.

The term "and/or" herein is merely an association describing an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B, may mean: a exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist at the same time, and the term "/and" is used herein to describe another association object relationship, which means that two relationships may exist, for example, A/and B, may mean: a alone, and both a and B alone, and further, the character "/" in this document generally means that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

The term "at least one" herein is merely an association relationship describing an associated object, and means that there may be three relationships, for example, at least one of a and B, may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

It is further noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, an intelligent phase change capsule geomembrane for preventing frost heaving damage of a lining includes a first non-woven fabric layer 100 disposed on an upper layer, a first plastic film layer 200 disposed on a lower layer, a soft grid 300 disposed between the first non-woven fabric layer 100 and the first plastic film layer 200, and a capsule 400 disposed in the soft grid 300.

The capsule 400 is a sealing structure, the phase-change solution 500 is filled in the capsule 400, and when the soft grid 300 is extruded and deformed, the capsule 400 is extruded, so that the phase-change solution 500 is caused to change phase, and heat is released.

When the geomembrane is used, the first non-woven fabric layer 100 is in contact with a lining, and the first plastic film layer 200 is in contact with base soil.

Further, the volume ratio of the phase change solution 500 filled in the capsule 400 is 70-80%, that is, the volume of the filled phase change solution 500 is 70-80% of the total volume of the capsule 400, preferably 80%, and a volume expansion space after the solution phase change crystallization is reserved.

Further, the phase change solution 500 is a saturated sodium acetate solution, and can realize the function of triggering phase change to release heat after being extruded; the saturated temperature of the saturated sodium acetate solution is 15-25 ℃, and preferably 20 ℃.

Further, the capsule 400 is made of polyvinyl chloride, and has a thickness of 0.5-1.2 mm, preferably 1 mm.

Further, the soft grid 300 is made of polysulfide rubber material or a memory metal mesh, has good elasticity and certain bearing capacity, can bear uniform load, deforms under the action of concentrated load, and eliminates deformation and recovery of the load. Preferably polysulfide rubber material, and high cost performance.

Further, the soft grating 300 is of a cubic structure, and the side length is 1-2 mm; the diameter of the capsule 400 is smaller than the space size of the soft grid 300, the capsule 400 is of a spherical structure, and the diameter of the capsule 400 is 0.8-1.5 mm.

Preferably, the capsule 400 has a diameter of 1.0mm and the soft grid has an inner diameter of 1.1 × 1.1 × 1.1mm in cubic space.

Alternatively, the soft grid 300 is a cuboid structure, the capsule 400 is a cylinder structure, and the diameter and the length of the capsule 400 are respectively smaller than the short edge and the long edge of the soft grid 300.

Further, the size of the capsule 400 is smaller than the soft grid space, and the soft grid space is 5-10% larger than the diameter of the capsule 400, which depends on the average maximum frost heaving amount on the actual site.

The thickness of the first non-woven fabric layer 100 is 0.8-1.2 mm, the thickness of the first plastic film layer 200 is 0.2-0.6 mm, and the first plastic film layer 200 is made of polyethylene materials and has anti-seepage performance.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a second non-woven fabric layer 600 is disposed under the first plastic film layer 200 to increase the friction coefficient of the contact surface of the geomembrane with the foundation soil. Namely, the geomembrane comprises 2 layers of non-woven fabric layers and 1 layer of plastic film layer, the non-woven fabric layer below is contacted with the foundation soil, and the plastic film layer is close to the non-woven fabric layer below, so that the anti-seepage performance is improved.

Preferably, the 2 non-woven fabric layers are made of the same material and have the same specification and dimension.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a second plastic film layer 700 is disposed between the first nonwoven fabric layer 100 and the soft grill 300 for improving the barrier property. This geomembrane includes 1 non-woven fabrics layer, 2 layers of plastics rete promptly, and soft grid 300 sets up between 2 layers of plastics rete, and the structure setting of 2 layers of plastics rete is used for further improving the barrier properties.

Preferably, the 2 plastic film layers are made of the same material and have the same specification and dimension.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, a second non-woven fabric layer 600 is disposed under the first plastic film layer 200, and a second plastic film layer 700 is disposed between the first non-woven fabric layer 100 and the soft grill 300. Namely, the geomembrane comprises 2 layers of non-woven fabric layers and 2 layers of plastic film layers, and the plastic film layers are arranged between the soft grille 300 and the non-woven fabric layers, so that the integral anti-seepage performance is greatly improved.

Preferably, the 2 layers of non-woven fabric layers are made of the same materials and have the same specification and dimension, and the 2 layers of plastic film layers are made of the same materials and have the same specification and dimension.

In the above embodiment, the non-woven fabric layer, the plastic film layer, and the soft grill 300 are fixedly connected to each other by adhesion, and the bladder 400 is adhered to the lower bottom surface of the soft grill 300.

The intelligent phase change capsule geomembrane for preventing lining from being frozen and broken adopts a structure that the soft grid 300 is internally provided with the capsule 400, the soft grid 300 is pressed between a non-woven fabric layer and a plastic film layer of the geomembrane, and the soft grid 300 can bear the uniform surface load of an upper lining plate at normal temperature; when the channel foundation soil is locally subjected to uneven frost heaving deformation in winter, the local part generates larger frost heaving force to cause the soft grille 300 in the geomembrane to be extruded and deformed, so that the capsules 400 in the soft grille 300 are extruded, saturated sodium acetate in the capsules 400 is subjected to extrusion disturbance to generate phase change, a large amount of heat is released to melt soil ice at the frost heaving position, frost heaving is eliminated, meanwhile, the geomembrane is heated to melt an ice layer among the geomembrane, the lining and the foundation soil, the freezing effect among the geomembrane, the lining and the foundation soil is eliminated, the geomembrane is protected from tensile cracking, and meanwhile, the lining plate can effectively adapt to the frost heaving.

The saturated sodium acetate solution adopted by the intelligent phase change capsule geomembrane for preventing lining from freezing and bursting is large in phase change heat release quantity, and the frozen soil can be melted by the heat release of the capsule 400 with a micro volume; meanwhile, the phase change of the capsule 400 is not influenced by temperature, but is triggered by the extrusion of frost heaving deformation, so that unnecessary heat release and loss are avoided, and a certain intelligent frost heaving prevention effect is achieved.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Variations, modifications, substitutions, integrations and parameter changes of the embodiments may be made without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention, which may be within the spirit and principle of the invention, by conventional substitution or may realize the same function.

Claims

1. An intelligent phase change capsule geomembrane for preventing lining from being frozen and damaged is characterized by comprising a first non-woven fabric layer (100) arranged on an upper layer, a first plastic film layer (200) arranged on a lower layer, a soft grid (300) arranged between the first non-woven fabric layer (100) and the first plastic film layer (200), and a capsule (400) arranged in the soft grid (300);

the phase-change liquid (500) is filled in the capsule (400), and when the soft grid (300) is extruded and deformed, the capsule (400) is extruded to cause the phase-change liquid (500) to change phase and release heat.

2. The intelligent phase-change capsule geomembrane for the lining anti-freezing swelling damage according to claim 1, wherein the capsule (400) is a sealing structure, and the volume ratio of the phase-change solution (500) filled in the capsule (400) is 70-80%; the phase change solution (500) is a saturated sodium acetate solution, and can realize the function of triggering phase change to release heat after being extruded.

3. The intelligent phase change capsule geomembrane for lining frost heave damage according to claim 1, wherein the soft grid (300) is of a cubic structure, the capsule (400) is of a spherical structure, and the diameter of the capsule (400) is smaller than the side length of the soft grid (300).

4. The intelligent phase-change capsule geomembrane for the lining anti-freezing bursting damage according to claim 1, wherein the soft grid (300) is of a cuboid structure, the capsule (400) is of a cylindrical structure, and the diameter and the length of the capsule (400) are respectively smaller than the short side and the long side of the soft grid (300).

5. The intelligent phase change capsule geomembrane for lining frost heave damage according to claim 1, wherein the material of the capsule (400) is polyvinyl chloride material.

6. The intelligent phase change capsule geomembrane for lining frost heave damage prevention according to claim 1, wherein the soft grid (300) is a polysulfide rubber material or a memory metal mesh, and has good elasticity and load-bearing capacity.

7. The intelligent phase change capsule geomembrane for the lining frost heaving damage prevention according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the first non-woven fabric layer (100) is 0.8 to 1.2mm, and the thickness of the first plastic film layer (200) is 0.2 to 0.6 mm.

8. The intelligent phase change capsule geomembrane for lining frost heave damage according to claim 1, wherein a second non-woven fabric layer (600) is arranged below the first plastic film layer (200) for increasing the friction coefficient of the contact surface of the geomembrane and the foundation soil.

9. The intelligent phase change capsule geomembrane for lining frost heave damage according to claim 1, wherein a second plastic film layer (700) is arranged between the first non-woven fabric layer (100) and the soft grid (300) for improving seepage-proofing performance.

10. The intelligent phase change capsule geomembrane for lining frost heave damage according to claim 1, wherein a second non-woven fabric layer (600) is arranged below the first plastic film layer (200), and a second plastic film layer (700) is arranged between the first non-woven fabric layer (100) and the soft grid (300).