JP2709600B2 - Bucket elevator continuous unloader - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a bucket elevator type continuous unloader.

[Prior art and its problems] In general, a crane that unloads bulk materials such as coal, ore, and grains on a wharf with high efficiency is called an unloader. One type of the unloader is a bucket elevator type continuous unloader.

This bucket elevator continuous unloader has the following problems. That is, during the cargo handling of loose objects at the bottom of the ship, that is, during the work of raising the bottom, the bottom that moves up and down and the rake side of the bucket elevator may collide, and the bottom and the bucket may be damaged. When working,
Since a leftover portion is generated, it is necessary to introduce, for example, a bulldozer into a hold, collect loose pieces, and carry it out by a bucket elevator.

Therefore, various proposals have been made to solve such a problem.

For example, in Japanese Unexamined Utility Model Publication No. 62-108339, the entire bucket elevator is run in the lateral direction of the bucket (the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 1; the same applies hereinafter) with the bucket chain in the excavation section stretched horizontally. In addition, the usual non-catenary excavation work for excavating loose objects in the hold and the impact of the vertical movement of the ship bottom when the bucket chain is placed in the catenary state (slack state) when raising the loose objects on the ship bottom In a bucket elevator type continuous unloader in which the catenary bottom work for excavating while absorbing can be properly used, the front sprocket around which the bucket chain is wound is attached to the tip of the swing arm, and the swing arm swings. This allows the bucket chain to be stretched horizontally or catenary, and The insertion may guide frame provided Ri, bucket elevator type continuous unloader configured to receive a lateral force on the bucket has been proposed by the guide frame.

However, in such a proposal, when performing a normal non-catenary excavation work, the guide frame only receives the lateral force applied to the bucket, and unless the tension is applied to the bucket chain, the excavation surface by the bucket is not flat. In particular, with a large unloader with a large excavation width, cargo handling is not stable. Therefore, in addition to the rigidity of tension for pulling a large number of buckets made of loose objects, the bucket chain must be given rigidity for extending the excavated part horizontally, and the bucket chain will be heavy, In particular, it is not preferable for an unloader having a cantilever boom.

In addition, even when the catenary bottom work is performed, sufficient sag (the amount of sagging due to the weight of the bucket chain) is not obtained, and the impact due to the vertical movement of the ship bottom is not sufficiently absorbed.

Means for Solving the Problems Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and the gist thereof is that a lower front sprocket, a lower rear sprocket, and the rear sprocket. An endless bucket chain is wrapped around an upper sprocket provided above the upper end of the bucket chain so as to be capable of normal and reverse rotation, and is formed in an L-shape in a side view, and a bucket elevator type continuous unloader provided with a number of buckets in the bucket chain. A horizontal excavation frame supporting the front sprocket and the rear sprocket is provided with a horizontal rail having a length substantially equal to the axial distance between the sprockets, and rollers provided on each of the buckets are sequentially fitted through one end opening of the horizontal rail. Guide along the longitudinal direction of the horizontal rail and move the horizontal excavation unit frame up and down The bucket elevator type continuous unloader is provided with a cylinder, wherein the distance from the front end of the horizontal rail to the axis of the front sprocket is greater than the distance from the rear end of the horizontal rail to the axis of the rear sprocket.

[Examples] The configuration of the present invention will be described in detail together with the operation, with reference to examples shown in the accompanying drawings.

FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B) are embodiments of the present invention, and are general conceptual views showing two aspects thereof, and FIG. 2 is a main part view of FIG. 1 showing a normal non-catenary excavation work. FIG. 3 shows the catenary bottom roughing operation of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 shows A to A of FIG.
5 and 6 are sectional views showing the operation of the present embodiment and FIG.
The figure is a modified example corresponding to FIG. 4, and FIG. 8 is a view showing another modified example.

This embodiment is a bucket elevator type continuous unloader mounted on the tip of a cantilevered boom for unloading loose objects in a hold. , The same shall apply hereinafter), which is suitable for large-sized sprockets having a shaft interval of 6.5 m, that is, an excavation width of 6.5 m.

1 (A), (B), FIG. 2 and FIG.
In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a bucket, and 2 denotes a solo-bang ball-shaped roller, which is mounted on a pair of brackets 3 provided on both sides of the upper surface of the bucket 1, respectively.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a horizontal rail which is horizontal in the front-rear direction. The horizontal rail 4 has a length substantially equal to or shorter than the axial distance between the front and rear sprockets, and furthermore, a cross section which matches the horizontal rolling transition locus of the roller 2. It has a guide groove of a shape along the longitudinal direction of the horizontal rail 4 and has a horizontal excavation section frame 10.
It is attached to the side.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a bucket chain, and the bucket 1 is fixed to a chain link of the bucket chain 5 via a bracket 3 so as not to swing. 6A is a front sprocket, which is supported at the front end (left end in FIG. 1) of the horizontal excavation part frame 10. 6B is a rear sprocket, which is supported at the rear end of the horizontal excavation section frame 10.

As shown in FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B), an upper sprocket 6C is fixed above the rear sprocket 6B, and the bucket chain 5 wound around these sprockets 6A, 6B, 6C is L It is formed in a character shape. Reference numeral 7 denotes a hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder 7 guides the sliding portion 9 of the vertical frame 7A suspended from the tip of the parallel link boom 20, and moves the horizontal excavation portion frame 10 up and down. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 8 denotes a ship bottom, reference numeral 11 denotes a loose object, and reference numeral 21 denotes a guide roller in FIG.

Here, as shown in FIG. 4, guide grooves 4A and 4B having a V-shaped cross section are formed on the horizontal rail 4 so as to match the upper and lower slopes 2A and 2B of the roller 2.

A guide surface 4C is formed below the guide grooves 4A and 4B so as to match the upper inclined surface 2A of the roller 2. In addition, guide grooves 4A, 4
B is recessed from the side surface of the horizontal rail 4, but may be formed as a guide groove by forming a convex portion on the side surface of the horizontal rail 4. In other words, any roller that can guide the roller 2 in the horizontal direction may be used. Any other shape may be used. The guide surface 4C is the eighth
As shown in the drawing, the guide surface 4C 'may be a horizontal one in which the upper horizontal end surface of the roller 2 contacts. Moreover, the horizontal rail 4
The guide grooves 4A, 4
Guide openings 4D and 4D 'are formed so that B moves away from each other.

Here, conditions of the optimal bucket elevator type continuous unloader will be described.

First, it can handle any kind of bulk material (coal, ore, grain, etc.). Being able to land roses with high efficiency. That is, stable bottom lifting work can be performed.

Regarding the above, there are some loose objects that easily become lump and those that easily collapse during excavation. When excavating such a bulky bulk material or a bulk material that collapses into the bucket 1 during excavation, excessive excavation occurs. In the case of excessive excavation, the rollers 2 of the bucket 1 are less likely to be scooped by the guide openings 4D, and are easily detached from the horizontal rails 4. The reason is that when an excessive force is applied to the bucket 1, a force opposite to the traveling direction is applied to the lower end side of the bucket 1, and the roller 2 is displaced downward from the locus at the time of excavation. This allows
The roller 2 is less likely to be scooped by the guide opening 4D and easily comes off the horizontal rail 4.

This countermeasure can be solved by moving the guide opening 4D of the horizontal rail 4 as close as possible to the axis O of the front sprocket 6A by the distance L.

Regarding the above, in addition to the fact that the roller 2 of the bucket 1 does not come off from the horizontal rail 4 even during excessive excavation, the non-catenary normal excavation work can quickly perform the catenary bottom lifting work and vice versa to perform work efficiently. It is in.

Therefore, in order to quickly perform the above-described operation, it is necessary to perform the operation while the bucket chain 5 is normally rotating, and to perform the operation with a small amount of contraction of the cylinder 7 as much as possible. Here, in the above operation, in order to reduce the amount of contraction of the cylinder 7, the guide opening of the horizontal rail 4 may be separated from the axis of the sprocket so that the bucket chain 5 can be easily drooped therebetween. . Further, in order to perform the rotation at the time of normal rotation of the bucket chain 5, the distance between the guide opening 4D of the horizontal rail 4 and the axis O of the front sprocket 6A may be increased.

Regarding the above, it is necessary that the roller 2 of the bucket 1 is not scooped by the guide opening 4D even when the ship bottom sways, so that the catenary bottom can be stably picked up. This can be achieved by making the roller 2 of the bucket 1 less likely to be scooped by the guide opening 4D. Therefore, the distance between the guide opening 4D of the horizontal rail 4 and the axis O of the front sprocket 6A may be increased.

Therefore, in the present application, the main purpose of the bucket chain 5 is to make it possible to make the bucket chain 5 into a catenary shape when the bucket chain 5 rotates in the normal direction, and to stably carry out the work of breaking the catenary bottom. As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. The guide opening 4D at the front end of the horizontal rail 4 is separated from the axis O of the front sprocket 6A by a distance L as much as possible, and the guide opening 4D 'at the rear end is provided.
Is brought as close as possible to the axis O 'of the rear sprocket 6B by the distance L'. Therefore, the distance L between the front end of the horizontal rail 4 and the axis O of the front sprocket 6A is larger than the distance L 'between the rear end of the horizontal rail 4 and the axis O' of the rear sprocket 6B. The distance L is desirably about one pitch of the bucket chain 5, and the distance L 'is desirably about 1/2 pitch of the bucket chain 5.

 The operation of this embodiment is as follows.

That is, in the case of a normal non-catenary excavation work, as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, the bucket 1 moves rearward from the front while its rollers 2 are guided by the horizontal rails 4. Since the entire elevator moves orthogonally to the plane of the paper in FIG. 1, non-catenary excavation can be performed. At this time, a horizontal (left-right direction in FIG. 4) force acting on the bucket 1 is received by the horizontal rail 4, and a vertical force acting on the bucket 1 is also received by the horizontal rail 4. As described above, since the bucket 1 is excavated while being fitted to and supported by the horizontal rail 4 via the rollers 2, the bucket chain 5 may be rigid enough to merely pull the bucket 1. In addition, the excavation surface of the bucket 1 is kept flat, and a stable cargo handling operation can be performed.

Moreover, since the guide opening 4D 'at the rear end of the horizontal rail 4 and the axis O' of the rear sprocket 6B are brought as close as possible to each other by the distance L ', the bucket chain 5 is moved to the rear sprocket 6B during operation. Easy to bite.

Next, in order to reduce the number of loose objects 11 in the hold and to switch to the catenary flooring operation, the following is performed. That is, the rotation of the bucket chain 5 is stopped, and the horizontal excavation unit frame 10 is lifted by the contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 7. As a result, since the position of the upper sprocket 6C does not change, the distance between the rear sprocket 6B and the upper sprocket 6C is reduced, and the bucket chain 5 can sag upward and rearward and downward of the front sprocket 6A as shown in FIG. .

Therefore, if the bucket chain 5 is rotated forward, the roller 2
Are sequentially removed from the horizontal rails 4, and the bucket chain 5 is in a catenary state.

Here, the guide opening 4D at the front end of the horizontal rail 4 and the axis O of the front sprocket 6A are separated as much as possible by the distance L, so that the forward rotation of the bucket chain 5 and the contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 7 Even if the amount is small, the roller 2 can be securely removed from the horizontal rail 4. Therefore, the bucket chain 5 can form a catenary state. Also, because of this small amount of shrinkage, the distance h (see FIG. 5) between the upper surface of the horizontal excavation portion frame 10 and the bucket chain 5 does not shrink so much and does not interfere with each other.

Next, in this catenary state, the bucket 1
When the bucket chain 5 is rotated in the normal direction by contacting the bottom, the bottom can be excavated. At this time, the vertical movement of the ship bottom 8 is absorbed by the sag of the bucket chain 5 and does not damage the bucket 1 and the ship bottom 8.

Moreover, since the guide opening 4D at the front end of the horizontal rail 4 and the axis O of the front sprocket 6A are as far as possible from each other by the distance L, even if the bottom of the ship shakes largely, the rollers 2 of the bucket 1 can open the guide opening. A stable catenary bottoming work can be performed without being scooped by the part 4D.

Next, when returning from the catenary state shown in FIG. 3 to the normal non-catenary digging operation shown in FIG. 2, the rotation of the bucket chain 5 is stopped again, and the horizontal digging section frame 10 is lowered by the extension of the hydraulic cylinder 7. As a result, the bucket chain 5 is tensioned, so that the guide surface 4C of the horizontal rail 4
The upper surface inclined portion 2A of the roller 2 comes into contact. Next, when the bucket chain 5 is reversed, as shown in FIG. 6, the guide opening 4D 'at the rear end of the horizontal rail 4 and the rear sprocket
Since the axis O 'of 6B is brought closer by the distance L', the rollers 2 are scooped in order from the guide opening 4D 'at the rear end of the horizontal rail 4 on the side of the rear sprocket 6B, so that normal non-catenary excavation work can be performed. Return.

In addition, the roller 2 of the present invention is not necessarily in the shape of a soloban ball. In short, the roller 2 and the horizontal rail 4 have a shape that can guide the transition of the bucket 1 and receive the vertical and lateral forces generated in the bucket 1. I just need.

Further, in the above embodiment, the guide groove is formed on the outer side surface of the horizontal rail 4, but as a modified example, it may be formed on the inner side surface of the horizontal rail 4 as shown in FIGS. And
The horizontal excavation portion frame 10 may be formed so as to face the center of the lower end.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, during normal non-catenary drilling work,
Since the bucket moves while being guided by the horizontal rail,
Since the vertical and lateral forces acting on the bucket are received by the horizontal rails and the bucket chain needs only the pulling force, the bucket chain does not need to be as rigid as in the prior art, and therefore does not become heavy.

Also, to switch from normal non-catenary excavation work to catenary bottom roughing work or vice versa, move the horizontal rail up or down, and then rotate the bucket chain forward or reverse. Since the rollers are disengaged or scooped in order, the switching is very easy, no special components are required and a simple device can be achieved. In addition, the sag in the catenary state can be sufficiently obtained, and it is possible to appropriately cope with the vertical movement of the ship bottom.

In particular, since the front end of the horizontal rail and the axis of the front sprocket are separated as much as possible, the normal non-catenary excavation work can be switched to the catenary bottom work by forward rotation of the bucket chain. The distance between the upper surface of the horizontal excavation unit frame and the bucket chain located on the upper surface of the horizontal excavation unit frame can be increased while the roller and the horizontal rail can be fitted and disengaged with a small upward movement of the horizontal excavation unit frame. Does not interfere with In addition, in the catenary state,
The bucket is lifted and the rollers are not scooped by the guide opening at the front end of the horizontal rail.

In addition, since the rear end of the horizontal rail and the axis of the rear sprocket are brought as close as possible, the roller is scooped by the horizontal rail with a small tension of the bucket chain that rotates in the reverse direction, so that the roller and the horizontal rail are not damaged, and the roller and the horizontal rail are not damaged. The bucket chain easily bites into the rear sprocket during catenary-like excavation work.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B) show an embodiment of the present invention, which is an overall schematic diagram showing two aspects thereof, and FIG. 2 is a main part diagram of FIG. 1 showing a normal non-catenary excavation work. FIG. 3 is a main part view of FIG. 1, showing a catenary bottom-raising operation, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of A to A in FIG. 2, FIG. 5 and FIG. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a modification of FIG. 4, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another modification. 1. Bucket 2. Roller 4. Horizontal rail 5. Bucket chain 6A, 6B, 6C Sprocket 10 Horizontal excavation frame

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An endless bucket chain is wrapped around a lower front sprocket, a lower rear sprocket, and an upper sprocket provided above the rear sprocket so as to be capable of normal and reverse rotation, and is formed in an L-shape in a side view. In the bucket elevator continuous unloader provided with a number of buckets in the bucket chain, a horizontal excavation frame supporting the front sprocket and the rear sprocket is provided with a horizontal rail having substantially the same length as the axial distance between the sprockets. Rollers provided on each of the buckets are sequentially fitted from one end opening of the horizontal rail and guided along the longitudinal direction of the horizontal rail, and a cylinder for vertically moving the horizontal excavation unit frame is provided. Measure the distance from the front end to the axis of the front sprocket from the rear end of the horizontal rail to the rear sprocket. Bucket elevator continuous unloader that is larger than the distance to the shaft center.