JP2709506B2 - Cutting tools for wood processing - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an improvement in a cutting tool for processing wood and a material having similar properties.

Conventionally, general wood cutting tools have been prepared by brazing tool steel such as high-speed steel or alloy tool steel to a desired portion of a base metal made of ordinary steel or the like, or for small ones, using tool steel itself. Is also used as a base metal, and the cutting edge is formed on the tool steel, a sharp cutting edge having appropriate toughness can be easily formed, and is relatively inexpensive. The abrasion resistance of conventional blades is not very good. To keep the sharpness of the cutting edge within the practical limit, re-grinding or renewing (frequently, disposable small ones, so-called spare blades) And its short life was a practical drawback.

Therefore, in recent years, attempts have been made to eliminate the drawbacks of conventional cutting tools by applying a wear-resistant coating (hereinafter, simply referred to as coating) made of hard chrome plating or the like to the vicinity of the cutting edge of the conventional cutting tool. Although a corresponding effect has been confirmed, it has been found in the development process of the present invention that the known coating construction form is not necessarily suitable for all blades of various uses and there is room for further improvement. .

That is, first, in the example in which the coating is applied to the entire cutting edge, the progress of wear of the cutting edge is significantly reduced by the presence of the coating, so the apparent life is prolonged as compared with the conventional cutting tool. The phenomenon that the sharpening of the cutting edge gradually becomes rounder and the sharpness is gradually impaired has not been solved yet, and for a considerably long period from the middle of use to the end of use, the cutting edge slightly lacking in sharpness is It has the disadvantage of necessitating inferior processing, and furthermore, if the coating of the cutting edge is almost worn, a problem that extremely sharpness is impaired is also induced. Some defects are likely to occur, and their practicality is generally low.

On the other hand, in the improved example in which only one of the one or the other surface forming the cutting edge is coated, the wear of the coated surface is less than that of the uncoated surface, and the coating is less. Since an action of abrasion biasing toward a state that remains preferentially, that is, a so-called self-polishing action occurs, even if the cutting edge is slightly worn, there is no possibility of rounding and blunting as in the above embodiment, and relatively good sharpness is obtained. Since it is maintained, its practicality is higher than the actual example.

However, the sharpness of the cutting edge is maintained in a favorable state by the self-polishing action only during a period in which the wear of the uncoated surface is relatively small, and when the wear on this surface is a conventional blade, In the same way as above, the obtuse angle of the cutting edge (a phenomenon in which the average cutting edge angle gradually increases) progresses, so that it is inevitable that the processing performance of the entire blade gradually deteriorates, and eventually, processing defects and the like will occur. Therefore, even if the cutting edge does not become blunt and round, it is necessary to re-polish or renew the cutting edge before the blunting of the cutting edge exceeds a certain limit.

Therefore, the load applied to one of the surfaces forming the cutting edge is relatively light, for example, a plane blade for a finish planing machine that cuts extremely thin chips on the rake surface side, and therefore, the abrasion of the one side surface If it is applied to a specific application with a small number of knives, it has the advantage that its life is considerably prolonged as compared with conventional knives. Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 62-30882) is not suitable for applications in which a relatively large load is applied to both sides forming the cutting edge, such as a number of other cutting blades which are similar to the cutting blades. .

The present invention has been studied in order to eliminate the irrationality as described above, and has been applied to a use in which the load applied to one of the surfaces forming the cutting edge is relatively light, as well as to both sides forming the cutting edge. Particularly suitable for applications where a relatively large load is applied to the surface,
It is an improvement of a blade with a longer life, specifically, coating is performed on both one surface and the other surface forming a cutting edge, and at least one of the two surfaces is coated. As for the surface, at least a coating on the vicinity of the cutting edge is omitted over a plurality of locations, and at least a part on the opposite surface side of each of the locations where the coating is omitted has a unique configuration of coating the coating on the vicinity of the cutting edge. take.

According to such a configuration, the coating is omitted on one side,
On the opposite side, a self-polishing action is inevitably generated at a plurality of coated cutting edges, so that even if the cutting edges are slightly worn, they may be rounded and blunted as in the above-described example. However, since comparatively good sharpness is maintained, practicality is excellent as in the above-mentioned improved example.

However, even if a relatively large load is applied to the surface having the uncoated portion, the coating is always present on the uncoated portion of the phosphor, and the uncoated portion is formed by the step corresponding to the thickness. It bears more load than it does and protects the wear of uncovered parts from advancing in the same way as with conventional blades. When the step is increased, the load tends to be further increased and the protective action tends to be increased. Therefore, the obtuse angle of the cutting edge in the uncoated portion is slow, and the processing performance of the entire blade is gradually reduced. May be degraded
Since it is relaxed as compared with the above-mentioned improved example, the re-polishing or renewal due to the obtuse angle of the cutting edge can be performed every long term as compared with the above-mentioned improved example, and as a result, its life is prolonged So effective.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to an embodiment illustrated in the drawings.

The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is a "single-plate cutting apparatus" filed by the present applicant (Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-23241).
-This is an example in which the cutting tool according to the present invention is applied to a veneer cutting device disclosed in "Continuous Veneer Cutting Device" (Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-23527).

That is, the cutting device covers the outer peripheral portions 1a and 2a with a friction-enhancing member also serving as a cutting blade protection member made of rubber synthetic resin or the like, if necessary, and via a drive source (not shown) in the direction indicated by an arrow in the drawing. A pair of transport rolls 1 and 2 provided to drive to
And a cutting blade 4 of a replaceable blade type, the blade of which is oriented in a direction opposite to the direction of conveyance of the veneer 5 and is exchangeable at any time via a knife holder 3, and an operation mechanism (illustrated) based on an appropriate cutting signal By the operation of (omitted), the cutting blade 4 is alternately reciprocated through the knife holder 3 to the position shown by the dotted line and the position shown in the actual battle (if necessary, the limit position is regulated by a stopper not shown). In this way, it is configured to be able to cut off the veneer scrap 5a, cut a fixed size for each predetermined dimension, and the like.

The cutting blade 4 has one surface forming a cutting edge 4a.
The coating 6 is applied to both the surface 4b and the other surface 4c, but the coating 6 in the vicinity of the cutting edge is omitted at a plurality of locations on any surface, and the coating 6 is omitted. Only in each of the local areas on the opposite surface side of each of the above-mentioned portions, a coating 6 is applied to the vicinity of the cutting edge (see FIG. 2).

For example, in the cutting device having the above-described configuration, each time a single plate is cut, a large load is applied to both sides of the cutting edge of the cutting blade. Degradation of the cutting ability due to cutting and obtuse angle is relatively fast, and the veneer cannot be completely cut, and the veneer buckles between the approach position of each transport roll and the cutting edge position of the cutting blade. It was likely that it would occur frequently at an early stage.

However, in the cutting blade of the embodiment, the coating is omitted on one surface, and the coated portion is continuously present on the other surface over the entire cutting edge, Since the self-polishing action occurs in any portion that comes in contact with the veneer, even if the cutting edge is slightly worn, relatively good sharpness is maintained over the entire area of the cutting edge, and any surface is maintained. In this case, there is always a coating next to the uncoated part, and it has a protective action to prevent the wear of the uncoated part from proceeding in the same way as in the case of the conventional blade. Since the obtuse angle of the cutting edge at the location is slowed, the cutting ability deteriorates relatively slowly, and the above-mentioned inconvenience does not occur frequently at an early stage.

The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3 is also applicable to a veneer lace creaser disclosed in “Veneer lace creaser” (Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-3723) filed by the present applicant. This is an example in which is applied.

That is, the crease device is a single-plate cutting blade 11 of a re-grinding method.
A double-blade, double-blade rough cutting ruler 7 and a single-blade finishing rule supported by a blade holder 9 so as to be exchangeable at any time via a blade holder 9 to a cutting edge portion of a veneer lace for cutting a veneer 5 from a log 10. A rough cutting ruler 7 is used to cut off unspecified width creases 5b from the tip of the log 10 in advance by a rough cutting ruler 7. Then, the finishing ruler 8 cuts a certain narrow width from slightly inside. By dividing the creases 5c, the cutting resistance of the creases 5c is reduced and stabilized, and the veneer surface of the veneer 5 can be improved.

Both the rough cutting ruled blade and the finished ruled blade have coating on both one surface and the other surface forming the cutting edge of each ruled blade, as in the above embodiment. In any of the surfaces, the coating on the vicinity of the cutting edge is omitted at a plurality of locations, and the coating on the vicinity of the cutting edge is limited only to the entire area on the opposite surface side of each of the locations where the coating is omitted. It is in the form of a coating.

For example, in the creaser having the above-described configuration, in view of the cutting direction, since the load is further increased, abrasion is likely to be obvious, and if the cutting ability of each creased blade is deteriorated,
Inconveniences such as roughening of the veneer of the veneer and damage to the small-diameter log are required.For conventional blades and blades of the above-mentioned improved examples, it was necessary to carry out renewal early. In each of the ruled blades of the embodiment, the self-polishing action occurs in any portion that comes into contact with the log, by omitting and applying the coating at a plurality of locations over the entire area of the cutting edge as described above, As well as maintaining good sharpness, the obtuse angle of the cutting edge in uncovered areas is reduced and the deterioration of the cutting ability is eased, so it is not necessary to carry out renewal as soon as possible. there were.

Incidentally, as in the above-described embodiments, on any surface forming the cutting edge, only the local portion on the opposite side of each portion where the coating is omitted, in other words, each portion where the coating is omitted In contrast to this, if the form of applying the coating is adopted, it has a function that the self-polishing action can be generated over the entire area of the cutting edge, so that it is most effective in maintaining the sharpness of the cutting edge. The present invention is not limited to such a form, and various changes may be made as described later.

That is, FIG. 4 shows that, in the double-edged ruled knife of the example of FIG. 3, any surface forming the cutting edge is out of every local area on the opposite surface side of each location where the coating is omitted. It is a modified example in which coating is applied with an arbitrary width also to a part of the opposite surface side of each coated area, and according to such a construction form, a plurality of cutting edges having coating on both sides are provided. In some parts, the sharpness of the cutting edge may be impaired, but this part is dispersed in multiple places,
In addition, since all the other cutting edge portions have a function capable of generating a self-polishing action, the overall sharpness loss is slight, and the overall width is increased by increasing the coating width as compared with the above-described two embodiments. Considering the advantage of reduced abrasion, it is particularly suitable when the load on both sides is considerably large.

On the other hand, FIG. 5 shows that, in the double-edged ruled knife of the example of FIG. 3, any surface forming the cutting edge is limited to a part of the center on the opposite surface side of each portion where the coating is omitted. Thus, it is a modified example in which the coating is applied, and according to such an application form, the sharpness of the cutting edge is easily damaged at a plurality of cutting edges where the coating is omitted on both surfaces, but the portions are dispersed at a plurality of positions. In addition, since all the other cutting edges have a function capable of generating a self-polishing action, the overall loss of sharpness is slight. No problem.

Further, FIG. 6 is a modified example in which, in the single-edged ruled blade of the example of FIG. 3, the coating is omitted over a plurality of portions only on the back surface of the blade, and the entire blade surface is coated. According to such a construction form, the sharpness of the cutting edge may be impaired at a plurality of cutting edges where the coating is present on both surfaces, but the portions are dispersed at a plurality of positions, and the other cutting edges Since all parts have a function capable of generating a self-polishing action, the overall loss of sharpness is slight, and taking into account the advantage that wear is extremely reduced by coating all of one side. This is particularly suitable when the load on one side is considerably large.

As is evident from each of the above-described modifications, as the coating form, at least one of the surfaces forming the cutting edge is omitted, and the coating around the cutting edge is omitted over a plurality of locations. It is sufficient that at least a part of the surface opposite to the omitted portion is coated around the cutting edge, and the omitted shape of the coating is not limited to the narrow band shape as in each of the above examples. The semicircle as exemplified in the above, or the illustration is omitted, triangular shape, trapezoidal shape, semi-elliptical shape, etc., can be any shape, conventionally known masking means,
The coating can be omitted for any shape.

However, if the width of each portion where the coating is omitted is excessively large, the wear protection effect of the coating is difficult to spread, so that it is better to omit the coating of a large number of narrow portions than to omit the coating of a small number of wide portions. Although it was advantageous, on the other hand, there are also manufacturing advantages and disadvantages such as masking means becoming more complicated as there are many places where coating is omitted, and furthermore, from the difference in fiber direction between veneer and raw wood with respect to the processing direction, The examples of FIGS. 1 and 2 are more likely to spread the abrasion protection effect of the coating than the example of FIG. 3, because of the relationship between the internal structure of wood and the processing direction.
There is also a characteristic that the spread range of the wear protection action increases and decreases, so the specific width is in accordance with the actual situation taking into account those matters,
It is preferable to verify and select.

In addition, the base material of the blade and the material of the coating may be conventionally known ones, and the thickness of the coating may be about several μm or less.
If necessary, there is no problem even if it is 10 μm or more, or it is possible to adopt a construction form in which multiple types of coatings with different hardness, toughness, etc. are applied individually to another part or redundantly to the same part. There was no problem, and it was also effective to simply finish-polish the coating.

In addition, it should be noted that the above-described blade according to the present invention has a property that the linearity of the microscopic blade edge collapses when the blade edge slightly retreats due to wear, but within the range of a prolonged life, a straight line that collapses The absolute amount of the degree is very small, and by the fact that the overall sharpness is not easily impaired, there is no danger that the processed surface of wood will be uneven or roughened beyond the practical limit. It was confirmed through many uses including uses other than the examples.

[Brief description of the drawings]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The drawings are for explaining the present invention, and FIG. 1 is an explanatory side view of a single-plate cutting apparatus to which the cutting tool according to the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a cutting edge of a cutting tool used in the apparatus of FIG. 3 is a side view of a veneer lace creaser to which the blade according to the present invention is applied, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are other embodiments of the blade used in the device of FIG. Front view of the example,
FIG. 6 is an explanatory perspective view of another embodiment of the blade used in the apparatus of FIG. 3, and FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged plan view of the blade edge of the blade. 1,2 ... Conveying roll, 3 ... Knife holder, 4 ... Cutting blade, 5 ... Single plate, 6 ... Coating, 7 ... Rough cutting ruled blade,
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Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method according to claim 1, further comprising:
A cutting tool for processing wood or the like provided with an abrasion-resistant coating, wherein at least one of the two surfaces omits the abrasion-resistant coating on the vicinity of the cutting edge over a plurality of locations. A cutting tool for processing wood or the like, wherein a wear-resistant coating is provided on at least a part of the surface opposite to the portion where the wear-resistant coating is omitted, in the vicinity of the cutting edge.