JP2708655B2 - Method of manufacturing battery grid - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0001] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a metal or fibrous material, etc.
Of a battery consisting of a wire covered with a metal material
The present invention relates to a grid and a method for manufacturing the grid. [0002] 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, electrodes of a battery are generally made of metal as a main material.
And a layer of the active material adhered thereto.
Here, the most widely used rechargeable batteries are lead
This is a lead battery that uses an acid and an acid.
The metal is usually covered with an active material consisting of lead oxide. [0003] Lead batteries of this type are relatively heavy and have a unit weight.
Per discharge energy is small. In this way, lead batteries
Heavy is the grid and active material of the plates and the battery.
This is because a large amount of lead is used for connectors and busbars.
You. [0004] This will be described below. [0005] The electrode plate must be thick for various reasons.
No. For example, the active material is made into a paste, and this is
It is common practice to apply and cure the grid
However, this glue-like active material has strong adhesion
Poor adhesion of electrode plate to grid
It is easy to peel off when returned. Because of this characteristic,
To ensure that the grid can hold the active material sufficiently,
The grid needs to have room. Besides, the plate itself
It functions as an electrode because the body is relatively easily damaged
Must be heavier and heavier than required
It is. Conventionally, the grid of the lead plates of the lead battery is generally
Then, melt the lead and cast it to the required shape
A grid with high mechanical strength
The grid made in this way is assembled with the electrodes
Can be erected. Here, the electrodes are manufactured, handled and used in batteries.
Many mechanical stresses are applied during the installation.
After being built into the battery, it will be subject to many induced stresses.
receive. [0008] The stress received during manufacturing mainly depends on the active material.
Paste it and attach it to the grid of the electrode plate.
This is in the pasting stage. This pasty activity
The material is heavy and relatively stiff (ie
), This paste-like active material is attached to the plate,
Bend or stretch the grid when filling in
Easy to tear or tear. The grid is deformed like this
When this occurs, stress is generated in various parts of this grid, and this stress is generated.
The corroded portion is corroded at the forefront, and then this corrosion progresses rapidly.
Run. For the same reason, it is made of an expanded lead plate.
Grids have the advantage of being lighter than cast grids
However, stress corrosion is extremely easy to progress. The reason
Means that the stretched parts of the lead plate
Because it is. In addition, the induced stress causes the battery to charge and discharge.
The expansion and contraction of the electrode,
Of the conductive material supporting the conductive material by the weight of the active material
If the battery is used in a car,
Caused by shock, thermal history, vibration, etc. [0011] The mechanical and induced stresses may be
When the tensile strength or shear strength of the material constituting
In addition, the electrodes are subject to mechanical damage. Of such an electrode
In order to prevent premature occurrence of mechanical damage due to the stress,
The thickness of the electrode must be large enough to withstand the stress.
You. Therefore, the lead of the grid cannot withstand the stress.
Must be thicker to obtain
The cross-sectional area of the gate must be larger than
Batteries with a thick grid were relatively
Heavy, low discharge energy per unit weight of battery,
At present, the utilization rate of materials is poor. On the other hand, in order to increase the capacity of the battery,
In addition to thickening the grid, the active material
The layers must be thick. Thicken this layer of active material
It is generally necessary to increase the thickness of the active material layer.
Does the battery's ability to store electrical energy increase?
It is. Increasing the volume (and weight) of the active material,
Cases, strips of connecting wires, posts and grids of plates
If the weight of the subbar is almost constant, the unit weight of the battery
Since the utilization rate of the active material is higher, the unit weight of the battery
The discharge energy per volume increases. However,
The active material utilization of conventional lead batteries is almost always
Only about 50-55% of the amount. In order to make the active material layer thicker,
Make sure the lid is strong enough to support the thickened active material
There must be. When making a grid with high-purity lead
Is the thickness of the grid that is required for the electrical function.
Thicker to withstand the mechanical and induced stresses described above.
You have to get it. There is a limit to the thickness of the active material. Of its limits
One factor is the weight of the active and the other is
Are the electrical properties of the active material. The active material of the anode plate is semiconductor
And the distance that can conduct electricity due to its internal resistance is the ratio
Relatively short. Therefore, the thickness of the active material depends on the efficiency of the active material.
The distance over which electricity can pass is limited. Properties of this active material
Has to provide a bus bar on the anode plate.
There are two reasons. This busbar was created in the active material
It acts to direct current out of the active material. The thickness of the active material layer is determined by the thickness of the electrode plate.
Activity is low while the active material repeats charging and discharging.
Limited due to lowering and low tensile strength of active material
Is done. Because of these properties, the mechanical stress
The active material is broken from the grid of the electrode plate
You. Battery life due to suspension of active material in battery electrolyte
If measures are taken to prevent shrinkage, the batteries will be updated accordingly.
Heavier. To prevent the active material from floating in the electrolyte
Has a press pad made of special glass on the electrode,
This pad presses the active material against the grid of the plate,
Can prevent the formation of a short circuit inside the battery.
However, because of this, the battery can
Increase. [0018] For each of the above factors,
Most conventional batteries have durability, capacity and discharge per unit weight.
Balances the electrical energy with these features, depending on the application.
Made to optimize either gender. For example,
If battery weight is the most important characteristic, the active material of the electrode
Make the layer as thin as possible without any practical problems and
The electrode grid is also made as thin as possible.
Make the active material layer of the battery thinner and the electrode grid lighter.
Cost increases, battery life is shortened, and battery capacity is reduced.
In consideration of the degree, the lighter the battery
The degree is decided. In addition, the weight, volume and capacity of the lead battery
If you look at these characteristics, rechargeable flashlights
Batteries of the battery class for use are “D-class”, “C-class”, etc.
Down to "AAA class"
It has to be a special type of battery. If the electrode plate of the lead battery is formed into a spiral structure, "BC
It is easy to make a "class" battery a "class D" battery. this
Both "BC class" batteries and "D class" batteries have high discharge currents
The plate is made of lead, and the grid of this plate
Squeeze a flat lead plate with a die, wind it tightly inside,
Small spiral shape, housed in a round battery case
It is. If this spiral grid is used, the electrode plate
Larger surface area, smaller grid like conventional batteries
Need not be connected in parallel, thus reducing weight and
Can reduce the cost of construction, but if cracks
It will be corroded. However, batteries smaller than "D-class"
Not commercially available. It is used for this kind of battery
Grid is soft and thin (about 1.016mm)
It can be wound in a spiral so that it can fit inside the battery.
Because you can't. Battery grids of this size are strong
It must be bent so strongly that even the lead with the highest degree cannot withstand
Cracks and stress points
The cracks are rapidly eroded by the acid in the battery, and
Is quickly eroded. In view of the above, the present invention provides a fiber having a high tensile strength.
Fiber material, optical glass fiber or metal with good electrical conductivity
Corrosion-resistant metals that can be extruded from core materials such as wire, such as lead and zinc
The battery is covered with lead or nickel
By configuring the grid, the weight of this type of grid can be reduced.
Strengthening the bottom and strength, and ensuring good flexibility
The purpose is to provide what we have. [0024] Means for Solving the Problems To achieve the above object,
Therefore, the battery grid according to the present invention
A grid used for cells, comprising a core material and the core material
Almost uniform thickness of corrosion resistant metal extruded around
Continuous electrically conductive wire composed of a coating of
When we knit each long wire consisting of
In both cases, make sure that the end of this scrim is held by the support frame.
Characteristic, and used for electrochemical battery cells
Grid that is extruded from corrosion resistant metal
Enclosed to a nearly uniform thickness with the corrosion resistant metal by a cover
Arrangement of electrically conductive wires having a core and arrangement of the wires
A current collector coupled to the current collector for collecting current from the grid;
Holding means for holding the conductive wire at a predetermined position and holding it
And a lead-acid battery
Grid with lead extrusion coating
Small enough to almost completely prevent corrosion by sulfuric acid
Core material surrounded by almost uniform thickness with lead composed of fine particles
And an array of electrically conductive wires having
A current collector for collecting current from a grid, and the conductive wire
Holding means for positioning and holding at a predetermined position
It is characterized by the following. Here, coating is performed by the aforementioned extrusion process.
The size of the fine particles of lead is set to approximately 0.25 × 10^-6I
Inch (0.635 × 10^-6cm). Further, the method of manufacturing the grid is electrochemically
A method for manufacturing a grid used for a battery cell,
A supply step of supplying a core material by passing through an extrusion die,
Corrosion-resistant metal having a substantially uniform thickness around the core
Composite electrically conductive wire having a coating by extrusion of aluminum
Extruding the metal when fed to form a extrusion
And a knitting step of knitting the wire to form a scrim
And wherein the metal is lead
Alternatively, the core material may be a fiber or a metal. [0027] According to the present invention constructed as described above, the battery
The grid is made of fibrous material with high tensile strength, optical glass
Extrusion of core material such as fiber or metal wire with good electrical conductivity
Coated with a possible corrosion resistant metal such as lead, zinc or nickel.
It is composed of a scrim woven from covered wires
To secure this weight reduction, strength enhancement, and good flexibility.
Can be [0028] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
I do. [0029] A resistance to pure extrusion such as lead balls 10 is possible.
Corrosive metal is charged into the vibratory feeder 12 and a shoe
And into the chamber 16 through a conduit or conduit 14.
This chamber 16 has a hole 17 through a plunger 22 and a gap.
And the upper surface 19 of the rider 21. The lead ball 10 in the chute 14 is
Prescribed by preheating coil 18 controlled by pair 20
Heated to temperature. The plunger 22 is
Connected to the reciprocating feed cylinder 24 through the
When initially in the retracted position, multiple heated
The lead ball 10 falls into the chamber 16. When the feed cylinder 24 is operated, the press
The lancer 22 reciprocates and is held inside the chamber 16
Compressed lead ball 10 along upper surface 19 of slider 21
Move it over the hole at the upper end of the chamber 30, ie, the aperture 28.
You. The feed cylinder 24 is connected to the air introduction line 32
It is pneumatically operated by the air discharge line 34. In addition,
24 is hydraulically operated or connected to a solenoid.
It can also be. The plunger 22 reaches the position indicated by the broken line 36
The end 38 of the plunger 22
40, the plunger 22 is stopped, and
Reverse the direction and return it to the initial position. Plunger 2
2 is in the position of the dashed line 36 while the chamber 16 is
0, located on the upper end of the aperture 28,
The lead ball in 16 is passed through aperture 28 into compression chamber 30.
Let it fall. When the plunger 22 returns to its initial position
The plunger 22 has a corner 42
44, and stops the movement of the plunger 22,
Reverse in the next step. In the compression chamber 30, the lead ball 10 (also
Is other extrudable corrosion resistant metal) controlled by thermocouple 49
The heating coil 48 to the wall 46 of the compression chamber 30
Heated by the applied heat. This metal is at a certain temperature
When heated, the hydraulic cylinder 50 is activated,
Compresses the valve 52 from its initial position through the aperture 28
The lead ball 10 is lowered from the compression chamber 30 into the chamber 30.
Is extruded through an aperture, i.e., hole 54, and
As shown in more detail in FIG.
The inlet die 58 and the outlet die held by the die 62
Into the space 56 between them. Die holder 6
2 is inserted into the screw hole 121 in the wall 46 of the compression chamber 30.
Screwed. The hydraulic cylinder 50 communicates with the inlet line 64.
Activated by the hydraulic pressure generated by the mouth line 66
It is. These lines 64 and 66 are
And a force gauge 70. Pressurized oil is pumped from tank 72
74, a proportional control valve through a cooling radiator 76
It is sent to 68. As shown in FIG.
When the position shown by 8 is reached, the flange or collar 80 is
The piston 52 is stopped by contacting the
And return it to its initial position. Fixie
When lever 52 reaches its initial position, collar 80 limits
Contact with the switch 84 stops the stroke of the piston 52.
And reverse to the next step. Lead by the piston 50 inside the compression chamber 30
The compression of the sphere 10 generates heat. Thermocouple 49 is in compression chamber 30
Of the compression chamber 3 by the heating coil 48.
Adjust the heating of the 0 wall 46. The core 86 is made of “E glass” or “C glass”.
Glass fiber or optical glass fiber, carbon fiber,
Synthetic or other suitable fibers, or copper or aluminum
Wire of highly conductive metal such as
The core material 86 is denoted by reference numeral 90 in FIGS. 1 and 2.
Core material reel by constant tension motor and control assembly like
It is pulled out from 88 and is kept at a predetermined tension. core
As the material 86 is withdrawn from the reel 88, the reel 8
8, a shield 92 prevents the core 86 from tangling,
Also, it prevents adhesion of objects floating near the reel 88. The core 86 is led through a centering ring 94.
To prevent the entanglement
The tension tension is applied by the spring tensioner 96.
Rollers 98 move the core 86 into the entrance dies 58 and the exit dies 6.
0, where it is covered with metal
A composite wire 100 is formed. Wire 100 is Daiho
When exiting the rudder 62, this wire 100
2 and floats downward from the roller 102.
And then returned to the roller 106
Thus, the motors 90 and 108 are started and stopped in this manner.
Up to a constant tension. The "wire" indicated by reference numeral 100 is a fiber.
Whether it is a fiber material or a highly conductive wire, the core 86
With an extensible resistant material such as lead, zinc, or nickel
The composite wire or composite wire obtained by coating with a corrosive metal
Point. Next, the roller 110 moves the wire 100 to the side
Guide to 12. Wire 100 passes through roller 110
The proportional speed encoder 114 measures this speed and
In cooperation with the feeding means 112 and the motors 90 and 108,
The ear 100 is wound on a take-up spool 116. spool
To ensure even winding of wire 100 on 116
The traversing means 112 moves back and forth along the traversing bar 118.
Move. Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 4, the entrance die
The die 58 and the exit die 60 are separated by a die separator or separator.
Spacers and washers 122a and 122
b. The separator 120 is
The die is held inside the cavity 65 of the holder
Screw 123 in the die holder 62
A compression force is applied by tightening the plug 124.
You. The inlet die 58 has a flange 59,
The mouth die 60 is provided with flanges 61 and these flanges
59 and 61 abut on both end faces of die separator 120
The cavity 65 of the die separator 120
Die spacing is maintained in Die holder 62
Has an aperture 126, which is
Are die separator 120, inlet die 58, outlet die
60 and spacer washers 122a, 122b
When assembled in the die holder 62, the die separator 1
Aligned with twenty apertures 128. The die holder 62 is compressed by the screw 119.
Of the threaded aperture 121 of the wall 46 of the cylinder 30
When screwed into, aperture 126 is compressed
So that it is exactly opposite the aperture 54 at the bottom of the da 30
It has various dimensions. The die holder 62 is used to pass the core 86.
Aperture 130 is provided. Inlet die 58
Has an aperture 132 at the top of its taper 134
ing. The piston 52 causes the lead ball 10 to move the compression chamber 3
Insert apertures 54, 126 and 128 from 0
The intermediate space 5 between the entrance die 58 and the exit die 60
Enter 6 The exit die 60 has its conical taper 13
Eight apertures are provided with exit apertures 136. Entrance
The taper 134 of the chair 58 extends along the direction of movement of the core 86.
And tapering. The taper 138 of the exit die 60 is
Although tapered along the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the material 86, the core
It can be tapered in the same direction as the movement of the material 86, or
Can have no taper at all. But core material 86
The exit die 60 is tapered along the direction opposite to the
It is preferred to attach. Because other shapes are low
Extrusion pressure can be used, but in the composite wire 100
This is because the life and concentricity of the core material 86 are impaired. Change
The exit die 60 first moves in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the core 86.
If it is not thin, the lead ball 10 inside the space 56
Therefore, the pressure applied to the exit die 60 increases.
Then, insert the holding plug 124 into the screw thread 123 with a washer.
122 and each of the entrance die 58 and the exit die 60
Screw more tightly against these flanges 59 and 61
There must be. The holding plug 124 connects the wire 100
It has an aperture 140 for passing through. Referring to FIGS. 11 and 12, FIG.
5 shows a preferred modification of the die assembly of FIG. This place
In this case, each component is referred to as much as possible with the corresponding components in FIGS.
Reference numbers and names are given. Elaborate further
For example, the entrance die 58 'and the exit die 60'
Backup washer 122a 'inside the
And 122b ', and the holding plug 12
4 'along the screw thread 123'
A compression force is applied by tightening in the
Can be The holding plug 124 'is connected to the die holder 62'.
Thread 1 for screwing into the cavity 65 'of
25 ', the plug 62'
Has a mild cant (slope) to 3 '
Exit die 6 inside die separator 120 '
A shift of 0 ', that is, skew may occur. This
The convex washer 67 'and the concave
A thrust washer assembly having a face washer 69 '.
Retention plug 124 'and backup washer 122
a ′. These washers 67 'and 6
The interaction between the concave and convex surfaces of 9 '
From the fastening of the holding plug 124 'to the locker 122a'.
The resulting skew can be effectively prevented. The die holder 62 'is mounted on the compression cylinder 30'.
Aperture 54 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) at the bottom
It has an aperture 126 'sized to fit. Die
Separator 120 'has flanges 127a' at each end,
127b 'and a central portion 129' of smaller diameter.
The diameter of the flanges 127a 'and 127b'
Cavity of die holder 62 'for receiving parator 120'
It is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the cable 65 '. The flange portion 12 of the die separator 120 '
Combination of 7a ', 127b' and small diameter center part 129 '
The center part 129 'of the die separator 120'
Between the inner wall surface of the cavity 65 'of the die holder 62'
A space 131 'is left. This space 131 '
Is separated by apertures 135a 'and 135b'.
The space 56 'of the motor 120'. The presence of the material under pressure inside this space 56 '
In addition to the entrance dies 58 'and exit dies 60'
Pressure on these dies 58 'and 60'
Is a flange, such as flanges 59 and 60 shown in FIGS.
There is no need to provide a sensor. Die separator 1 during transition
Inside the space 56 'in the 20', the dies 58 'and 6
0 'and ensure axial alignment of these
Therefore, the diameter of these dies 58 'and 60' is
From the diameter of the inner wall of the interior 56 'of the die separator 120'
These dies 58 'are about 0.0127 mm large.
And 60 'are separated using heat, oil and hydraulic presses.
It is press-fitted into the inside of the tab 120 '. The die holder 62 'is provided with a core 86 (FIG. 1).
And FIG. 2).
ing. The inlet die 58 'has a taper 134'
An aperture 132 'is provided at the top. Exit die 6
0 'is an exit aperture at the top of its conical taper 138'.
136 '. Also, the holding plug 124 '
Has an aperture 140 'for passing the wire 100 through.
I have. The embodiment shown in FIG. 11 and FIG.
The pressure applied to 86 as it passes through space 56
Characterized by equal forces in all directions
You. Using the device shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a small diameter composite wire
When manufacturing heads, lead passes through apertures 126 and 128
Is added from above to the core 86 when it is pushed in
As a result of the differential pressure, the core material 86
Be centered with respect to aperture 136 of exit die 60
I can't stop. Such a differential pressure pushes the core 86 downward,
The core 86 is no longer in contact with the aperture 136 of the exit die 60.
The core 86 cannot enter the center and the composite wire 10
It is eccentric inside 0. And this downward pressure difference
Enough to cause deformation of the components inside the die holder 62
is there. High extrusion pressures are provided by high production rates.
Is the result of the savings. Maximize production efficiency
In order to reduce the need to refill the compressed compression chamber 30,
The diameter of the compression chamber 30 (about 15.875 mm) and the piston 52
used. The small-diameter compression chamber 30 and the piston 52 are
Requires frequent shut down of equipment for filling
You. However, 0.38 including 0.245 mm glass core material
When manufacturing composite wire of 1mm diameter, large diameter compression chamber
30 and piston 52 have a cross-sectional reduction rate of more than 3100: 1
Let Uses a very long and small diameter compression chamber 30
Will reduce the number of reloads and reduce the area reduction rate
However, there is a problem of alignment between the piston 52 and the compression chamber 30 and
Due to the problem of synthetic defects in the long piston 52
Not good. With such a high extrusion pressure, the extrusion pressure decreases in cross section.
It is not a linear function of the fractional rate, so the extrusion pressure is
Of the mathematical fact that it increases at a higher rate than proportional increase
The result. High extrusion pressure creates various design problems
However, these problems are solved as follows. For example, the cross-section reduction rate exceeds 250: 1
In this case, the extrusion pressure becomes very high, and the wall 46
Has the ability to retain its shape even if it is made of high-strength steel.
Will exceed. The piston 52 is a lead ball 1 in the compression chamber 30.
If such a high extrusion pressure occurs when extruding 0,
Then, the wall body 46 of the compression chamber 30 is curved outward, and the lead ball 10 is
Escape from around piston 52, as described below.
This causes various problems associated with leaks. Especially the piston 52 is compressed
When the compression chamber 30 descends to approximately half of the chamber 30,
Of the wall body 46 becomes remarkable. In order to prevent the wall 46 from being curved,
A double concentric cylinder (see FIG.
(Not shown) are used. In a preferred embodiment
Uses four cylinders and the outer diameter of each cylinder is adjacent
About 0.0254 mm larger than the inner diameter of the surrounding cylinder,
These cylinders are press-fitted in a telescopic manner to form a compression chamber 30.
Is formed. Thus, the extremely high extrusion pressure loss is minimized.
To obtain the desired pressure in the space 56
At the outlet to avoid using higher pressures
The die 60 is disposed immediately below the compression chamber 30, and the result is
To create a differential pressure through apertures 126 and 128,
The downward bending of the core 86 in the space 56
Occurs. Minimize the required extrusion pressure and
To minimize differential pressure, the preferred structure shown in FIG.
used. An outlet die 60 ′ is disposed immediately below the compression chamber 30.
But the metals are 180 ° apart from each other
56 ', which adds to the core 86
Equilibrate pressure. The metal material is
From the compression chamber 30 through the apertures 54 and 126 '
The extruded material enters the space 131 'and the die separator 12
Aperture 135 along the periphery of the center 129 'of the 0'
a 'and 135b' through the entrance die 58 'and the exit die
Into the space 56 'between the terminal and the switch 60'. Around the center of the die separator 129 '
As long as they are arranged at regular intervals,
Additional apertures unless placed directly under the aperture 54
A. Embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 and 12
When the same is used, the core relative to the outer diameter of the composite wire 100
The concentricity of the material 86 can be kept within the range of ± 5%.
You. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the piston 52. Pis
The ton 52 has a bevel surface 142 at the bottom.
Also, the piston 52 has an annular flat protrusion, that is, a land.
144, 146 and a lateral through hole 148.
You. The vertical hole 150 communicates with the horizontal hole 148. Beveled surface
142, land 144, 146, horizontal hole 148 and vertical hole
150 cooperate during the compression stroke of piston 52
52 is sealed along the inner wall surface 152 of the compression chamber 30 (FIG. 1).
And the piston 52 is centered inside the compression chamber 30.
You. High pressure metal enters the horizontal hole 148 through the vertical hole 150,
Next, the lands 144 and 146 and the inner wall surface 152 of the compression chamber 30 are formed.
And pressed into the space formed by the pi
The ton 52 is press-sealed to the inner wall 152 and the piston
Center 52. [0064] Such a sealing structure is suitable for high extrusion pressure of the apparatus.
Therefore it is needed. For example, the piston 52 and the compression chamber 3
The distance between the inner wall 152 and the inner wall 152 is reduced to 0.0127 mm.
This diametral gap can be
Excessive corrosion resistant metal extruded along piston 52
And the loss of effective extrusion pressure
Cause loss. The composite wire manufactured using this device
Due to the small diameter, if the above-mentioned sealing structure is used
Otherwise, 10 times the amount of gold used for core 86
The metal may leak along the piston 52. As a result of such leakage, a greater amount of
Metal is used (even if leaks can be recovered)
Therefore, the compression chamber 30 needs to be reloaded more frequently,
In addition to reducing performance, such leaks are generally
Symmetric, the piston 52 is eccentric in the compression chamber 30
To make contact with the inner surface 152. As a result of such contact, the direct
Damage, resulting in greater leakage and loss of extrusion pressure
You. For this reason, the extremely long small-diameter compression chamber 30 is frequently used.
It is useless to solve the need for heavy reloading. This
Problems such as alignment and rigidity in the compression chamber
Multiplied by the problem of the centering of the piston 52 of the
Intensify metal leakage along the pin 52. Increased leakage and
A decrease in the extrusion pressure means that the maximum production rate
Is generated. Therefore, the structure shown in FIG. 5 is extruded.
The corrosion-resistant metal is pressed against the lands 144 and 146 of the piston 52.
Space formed by inner wall surface 152 of contraction chamber 30
Let it flow into Metals entering this space
Does not have the pressure to push beyond the annular land 144
Thus, it is possible to reliably prevent leakage along the piston 52.
it can. Further, it is extruded into said space.
The metal is about 351-703 Kg / cm, depending on the extrusion pressure
^TwoPressurized. Generally, the metal pressure in this space is
In the range of about 1/4 to 1/3 of the pressure inside the compression chamber 30
You. This pressure causes the piston 52 and the inner wall surface 1 surrounding it.
And the piston 52 is added evenly between
30 and the piston 52 and the inner wall surface 1
52 can be prevented from contacting. At the same time, the metal in this space is
Equivalent effect to low friction bearing surface similar to babbitt bearing
For lowering the piston drag and pushing out,
Leave more oil pressure. With a seal configured in this way
The piston 52 was tested for several months. Millions of cycles
No signs of wear or leakage appear after the piston
52 and the wall 46 of the compression chamber 30 are still in contact even after heavy use.
Scratch-free, the entire amount of corrosion-resistant metal is used for the core 86
Was. When using a long, small-diameter compression chamber 30
Needed to guarantee efficient production rates2
812-3,515Kg / cm^TwoNo extrusion pressure
To reduce the cross-sectional reduction rate to the point
The need for a sealed structure seems to be avoided. In fact, using a long, small diameter compression chamber 30
Allows the use of a straight piston 52 without a seal
Of extrusion pressure. However, like this
Alignment problems, stiffness problems and
The issue of concentricity is a critical constraint that limits the effectiveness of this structure.
It becomes a limiting factor. The hydraulic cylinder 50 is mounted on the platform 1
54, the platform 154
It is supported by a column 156 erected on the plate 158,
It is held stationary by filters 160 and 162. Sura
Ida 21 is attached to column 156 and feed cylinder
24 and its piston rod 26 and plunger 22
Serves as a support. The compression chamber 30 is supported by a table 164.
The table 164 has a hemispherical projection 166.
The projection 166 is provided in the cavity 1 of the table 164.
68. Bolt 170 is connected to substrate 15
8 through hole 172 and table 164 through hole 174
Toward the screw hole 176 of the hemispherical projection 166.
Have been killed. The inner diameter of the cavity 168 is
Since it is set slightly larger than the radius of 66, the compression chamber
When 30 is screwed onto bolt 170, the cavity
168 and hemispherical projections 166 cooperate to
Centered on the cable 164. Therefore, the plunger 22
In the extended position shown by the broken line 36 in FIG.
The aperture 28 is aligned with the hole 17 and the plunger 22 is
When the aperture 28 returns to the initial position of
It is arranged to be axially aligned with 2. Referring now to FIG. 2, the present device
Controlled by a suitable network from the panel 178. control panel
178 is provided by an input line 32 and an output line 34.
Connected to the feed cylinder 24. Proportional control valve 68
Is controlled by an input line 68i and an output line 68o.
The hydraulic cylinder 50 is connected to the
Control. Limit switches 40, 44, 82, 84
And motors 90 and 108 are connected to the input line and
The output lines 40i and 40o, 44i and 44o, 82i and
82o, 84i and 84o and 90i and 90o, 108
i and 108o connected to control panel 178.
You. The input to the control panel 178 is a thermocouple 2
0,49 from input lines 20i and 49i, respectively.
And the preheating coil 18 and the heating coil 48
Input and output lines 18i and 180, respectively, and
Controlled based on this input through 48i and 480
You. Also, a line 114i from the proportional speed encoder 114
Input is received through. In this way, the
All operating parameters before and / or during operation
Is set and controlled. The importance of the continuous composite wire in this embodiment
The main features are the corrosion resistance of the battery against acid corrosion, and
Or in the case of optical communication fiber cable,
Corrosion resistance in harsh environments where cables are used
You. For example, in principle, the smaller the particle size of the lead sphere,
High corrosion resistance. Because the large particle size itself causes corrosion
No, grain boundaries are eroded when corrosion occurs.
Reduces the susceptibility of grain boundaries to erosion. This device has at least
Lead spheres with high corrosion resistance due to small particle size
Extrusion. Average particle size when lead ball is cast and then solidified
The diameter is about 6.35 mm. If this device is used, lead balls
Has an average particle size of about 6.35 × 1 as measured by an electron scanning microscope.
0⁶mm. *** This will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. [0080]ExampleI The apparatus used in Example I had an aperture of about 0.013 ".
And an inlet die having an aperture. Exit die apa
The tubing is approximately 0.020 "in diameter and has a
The distance between the end and the entrance of the exit die is approximately 0.006 ".
Was decided. A lead ball is charged into a vibrating feeder and preheated.
Into the pressure chamber, then into the compression chamber,
The lead bulb is further heated in this compression chamber to a temperature of about 232.
Stabilize to ° C. Motor / control assembly keeps fiber constant
While pulling under tension to prevent tangling, the fiber
Is sent through the die at a speed of about 30.48 meters per minute,
At the same time, lead is about 2,812 Kg / cm^TwoAt a pressure of ± 25%
Extruded. Field measured at the top of the exit die aperture
In this case, the lead temperature was about 307 ° C. In this embodiment, the diameter is about 0.508.
mm for manufacturing continuous, composite conductive wire
Commercially available under the trademark “KEVLAR 49” as a line fiber
Aramid fiber used was used. Fiber core
The thickness of the lead coating (lead layer) around is about 0.127 mm
Was. [0083]Example II Coated with commercially available chemical glass known as "C glass"
To do so, a similar operation was used. 2,812 to 3,5
15kg / cm^TwoAt an extrusion pressure of ± 25%, 46
A production speed of ９１91 m was used. Lead Coated Wire Fiber
In the case where the “C glass” is used as the core wire,
Has a diameter of about 0.635 mm.
The thickness of the lead coating is about 0.1524 mm. [0084]Example III To coat commercial C glass with a diameter of 0.254 mm
Using a similar process, a composite wire with an outer diameter of 0.381 mm
I got Exit outlet with about 0.381 mm aperture
Aperture of about 0.3048mm in diameter with chair
Use mouth dies, space between dies is about 0.076
2 mm. About 2,812 to about 3,535 Kg / c
m^TwoAn extrusion pressure of ± 25% was used. [0085]Example IV Coating 24AWG copper wire with a diameter of about 0.508mm with lead
The same process is used for 0.7112 mm diameter
A composite wire was obtained. Of used and exit dies
The diameters are about 0.5334 mm and about 0.711, respectively.
2mm, space between dies is about 0.1016m
m. About 2,109 to about 2,812 Kg / cm^Two
An extrusion pressure of ± 25% was used. [0086]Example V 0.2032mm diameter aluminum wire covered with lead
Using a similar process to make a 0.381 mm diameter
A composite wire was obtained. Inlet and outlet dies used
The diameter of each is about 0.254mm and about 0.381mm
And the space between the dies is about 0.0762 mm.
Was. About 2,812 to about 3,515 Kg / cm^Two± 25
% Extrusion pressure was used. [0087]Example VI Owens Corning obtained from fiber glass
One monofilament optical fiber with a diameter of 0.381 mm
Use a similar process to coat fiber with lead
A 0.635 mm composite wire was obtained. Used entrance door
The diameter of the chair and the exit die are 0.4572 mm, respectively.
0.635mm and the space between dies is about 0.1
It was 27 mm. About 2,109 to about 2,812 kg /
cm^TwoAn extrusion pressure of ± 25% was used. *** Extrudes other types of fiber, such as lead, zinc, nickel, etc.
A similar process is used to cover even corrosion resistant metals.
Can be For example, other grades of Kebler fiber
-Can be used, New York, Gray
Trademark Carbon Corporation
ORTAFIL ”is manufactured and sold in several grades
Materials such as carbon fiber
You. The jar known as "E-glass"
Other glass yarns such as yarns can be coated.
In addition, silver, gold, nickel and
Highly conductive metals such as tantalum are also suitable. Using this apparatus, about 4.218 Kg / cm^Two
With an extrusion pressure of up to 152.4 m / min, a production rate of
Was. The speed at which the composite wire is manufactured depends on the exit die aperture
Limited by the metal temperature at the tuyre. This temperature
Depends on the metal coated on the core material and its extrusion pressure.
Move. For example, under the conditions obtained in Example I,
The metal temperature at the mouth of the mouth die is about 307 ℃
is there. This temperature is considerably lower than the melting point of lead 327 ° C.
Therefore, scattering of liquid lead is prevented, but required
High enough to give plasticity. Place of zinc or nickel
In each case, 385-404 ° C at this point or
Temperatures of 1066 to 1121 ° C are required. In general, at high production rates, high pressure
Pressure is required and therefore the temperature of the exit die aperture
Will be higher. Approximately 15 minutes per minute under the conditions described in Example I above.
To obtain a production rate of 2m or more, hydraulic oil or product name
  Synthetic coolant or commercially available from DOWTHERM
Cools the area around the die with similar liquid, and
Cool the input and output lines reaching the radiator
Need to be Fiber material produced by the above method
Having a core wire made of a material or a highly conductive metal and a lead coating layer
Scrim or wire on a conventional weaving machine
Can be woven into yacross. Such scrims or cloths are electrically
Besides its use in chemical batteries, it has many other uses. An example
For example, absorb ionizing and / or electromagnetic radiation
Used as blanket or wrapping for
Or can be used as a soundproofing material. The scrim weight per unit area,
Absorption capacity of woven cloth
Determined by the number and diameter of the mating wires, less
The extent is determined by the choice of core material. Of course,
Fabric woven from composite wire forms a complete shield
It does not significantly reduce radiation. Desired
Use of multiple layers to increase the reduction rate
Can also be. For example, E glass having a diameter of 0.3302 mm
With a 0.508 mm diameter wire with a lead coated core
Large scrims or blankets to be woven
Woven at 4 strands per meter, supplied in rolls
Is done. Rewind this blanket from the roll
Adhesion to seat lock material to finish the inner wall
This provides an effective shield for this room,
Or can be used safely for radiotherapy equipment
You. The blanket is used for the same purpose.
For example, hanging from a rail, pulling
To be able to When an optical fiber is used as a core material
In this case, the composite wire made by this,
Table. Several such composite wires
As shown in FIG. 23 and as described below,
Coated with lead skin. Optical communication cables are often
In some cases, they are laid along wiring grooves, buried in the soil,
Are directly chemically corroded or have various types of
In other environments corroded by bacterial products
Placed in In such environments, normal insulation
Deterioration of protective coating, but lead or other extrudable corrosion resistant metal
The genus coating is not degraded. A preferred use of the composite wire is shown in FIG.
Used as a grid for electrodes of acid lead batteries
To use. Open scrim 180 is cut to appropriate size
Disconnected and pure to collect current from the grid
(Alloy) Lead frame, that is, back frame 182 is provided
Have been. For certain applications, the intersections of lead wires
At point 184 on the fabric, the wires are welded together
Or electroplated. At the edge of the scrim 180, the wire
Turned over as shown at 186 or shown at 188
Frame 182 as shown in FIG. Frame 182
Cast and welded or extruded on rim 180
Suitable mechanical strength with or without electrical properties
Consist of materials to give. Further, as shown in FIG.
Is a composite wire scrim with a highly conductive metal core
A composite wire or bus bar with a highly conductive metal core
Comprising a frame comprising: Clarify the diagram
Therefore, the details of the electrode grid shown in FIG.
(Or FIGS. 15 to 18). FIG. 14 shows the scrim 195 and the frame 19.
6 shows a grid consisting of two frames 196 and 196.
Terminates at terminal 197. These terminals 197 are
It forms one body. Because both of these lines
The current of the same charge flows in the same direction, that is, the terminal of the battery.
(Not shown) or other grid on battery (shown
This is because it is transmitted to The ends of each wire constituting the scrim 195
Is soldered to the frame 196. this
Frame 196 is a copper core in the preferred embodiment.
Relatively thick composite wire with material and lead coating (ie,
0.7112 mm in diameter). This structure is made of copper
The conductivity and the acid in the battery may cause the bus or frame 196
The long life that results from seeing only the lead coating on top
It is a match. If battery weight is not a major concern,
Or when high currents are required or when filling cycles
/ Minimize normal battery heating during discharge cycle
If necessary, the scrim 195 must also be a fiber core
Instead of a composite wire with a highly conductive core.
Can be. According to the application, as shown in FIGS.
Several types of bus and scrim structures can be used
You. On a C glass having a diameter of 0.3302 mm,
Made by extruding a 0.1524 mm lead coating
Woven composite wire in such a scrim shape
In this case, the distance between the intersections 184-184 in FIG.
mm. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art,
At a large interval of about 25.4 mm or about 2.54
mm is desirable, and for some applications
To optimize lid strength and conductivity, different diameters
The lead-coated wire can be woven in a scrim shape. An example
For example, negative grids have different operating requirements than positive grids.
Requires different scrim spacing and lead thickness
There are cases. The grid shown in FIG. 6 is a regular grid of the battery.
It can be used for both grids and negative grids
Have been. Scrim 1 when used as a positive grid
80 must be covered by a thick active material layer
No. Due to the loose weaving of the scrim 180, this positive electrode
During manufacture, the active substance paste 190 is
It is pushed into the pace 192. Paste 190 cures
When activated, the grid structure of the scrim 180 is activated on the grid.
Serve as aggregates for holding active substances,
A lightweight electrode having excellent durability and conductivity can be obtained. From the test described below, the battery was
Modify and improve performance over similar unmodified batteries
be able to. Therefore, a grid consisting of such a grid
Applied to each grid while retaining the performance characteristics of the terry
The amount of active substance can be reduced, space and weight
And can be saved. Do not reduce the weight as compared with a normal positive electrode.
In order to maximize the durability of the active material of the positive electrode,
0.381 m diameter with 0.0762 mm lead coating
m lead-coated composite wire is cut into small pieces (about 2.5
4 to 12.7 mm), which is evenly distributed in the active substance paste.
Can be mixed together. [0109] As shown in FIG.
These small pieces 194 are the entirety of the active substance paste 190.
The paste 190 is then dispersed in a scrim 180
Used for Scrim 180 lead coated composite wire high
Reinforcement gives strength to concrete moldings due to tensile strength
As well as helping to retain the active substance,
Pure lead coating on small composite wire piece 194
0 to make a number of lightweight superconducting paths. Like this
Composed of electrodes, the weight of the active substance, its semiconductor properties
And an internal support to prevent the active
Overcoming the limitations of active material thickness. The active material layer is sufficiently stronger than the negative electrode grid.
Force, and such that the lead-coated wire pieces are not required.
Electrically conductive, but in this case, the composite wire
Can be effectively used in the negative electrode. This place
The lead-coated composite wire as the grid element for the negative electrode.
It can be woven in a crim shape. High pull of composite wire
Because of the tensile and shear stresses and their light weight,
Grids offer significant improvements in grid durability and
A significant reduction in weight. A plurality of positive electrodes configured as described above
/ Negative electrode pair in otherwise normal battery case
For high capacity, long life and high specific energy
You can get a battery. The lead-coated composite wire is a so-called “bipre”.
It is particularly suitable for use in "port" batteries.
This type of battery is subject to the high voltage
2.2V order, 40-150VD per battery
C), characterized by low current and its small size.
It can be made as small as a battery. Of particular importance is the biplate battery
Each battery transfers energy to the next battery
It is located inside. This allows the positive
The heavy lead bus connecting the pole and the anode in parallel can be removed.
Wear. In addition, low battery output current and high voltage
This allows the use of small lead terminals at each end of the battery.
This results in further weight savings. While maintaining the electrical connection between the batteries,
Biplate with a series of batteries arranged to separate the electrolyte
A portable battery can be manufactured. Such electrolyte components
Separation from polyethylene, polypropylene or similar materials
Implemented by a plate 198 (see FIGS. 7-10)
Is done. The side edge 200 of the plate 198 is
A battery embedded in the wall 202 of the teri case 204
206A, 206B, 206C and 206D are sealed.
You. The upper edge 208 of the plate 198 is
04 embedded in the top plate 210 of the battery 204A,
206B, 206C and 206D are completely sealed.
You. [0116] The conductivity between batteries is controlled by the lead-coated wire.
Given. This lead coated wire covers the plate 198.
Embedded in the wall 202 and the upper plate 210 of the battery case 204
Before embedding, the plate 19 is woven into a scrim 212 shape.
8 along the upper edge. The scrim 212 is
As a preferred shape, as shown in FIGS.
Used for rate 198 or as shown in FIG.
Can be used in any other way. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 and FIG.
Indicates that the current is flowing in the direction of arrow 214 (ie, plate 198).
Flow from battery 206D to 206C (beyond top edge 208)
Then, the battery flows from the battery 206B to the battery 206A. FIG.
In another embodiment, shown in FIG.
(Ie, along the side edge 200 of the plate 198)
Flow from one battery to the next. In any of the embodiments, the battery
Plate against the wall 202 and the upper plate 210 of the base 204
198 to seal the side edge 200 and the upper edge 208
Press firmly at their edges, or sealant or
Must be used. Using the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 10
If so, the upper edge 208 of the plate 198 in the direction of arrow 214
In order to facilitate conductance exceeding
Increase the number of vertical wires in twelve. The implementation of FIG.
If the embodiment is used, plate 1 in the direction of arrow 216
Facilitates conductance over 98 lateral edges 200
Therefore, the number of horizontal wires in the scrim 212 is increased.
You. As is known, a scrim 212 is provided.
Plate 198 is provided with an active substance paste (FIG.
Not shown for clarity). Positive electrode side of each plate 198
Has a positive electrode paste, the negative electrode side has a negative electrode paste,
This paste can also be applied to the side edge 200 of the plate 198 or
Not continuous beyond upper edge 208. Scrim 212A
Has a positive electrode paste layer, and the scrim 212B has a negative electrode
It has a strike layer. Active material layer thickness and battery usage
7 and 10 according to the purpose of use.
Reduce the number of 212 horizontal wires, or horizontal wires
Can also be omitted. In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG.
Reduce or omit the number of vertical wires in 212
You can also. In this case, the scrim 212 is
Enough to produce the required durability
It only comprises wires perpendicular to the direction of current flow. Each of the batteries 206A, 206B, 206C and
And 206D depend on the electrolyte or electrolyte (not shown).
Filled, this electrolyte can be liquid or gelled
it can. These batteries are also separated from C glass.
Data 218 and a "sponge" for holding the electrolyte.
And a fully oxidized pad acting as such. The separator 218 is actually used for the scrim 21.
2 so that it is thick enough to come into contact with the active
By sandwiching between the separator and the plate 198,
Performs the function of fixing the active substance. Scrim 212
In the case of A and 212D, the separator 218 contains the active substance.
Each separator and the end wall of the battery case 204
Help fix between. At the negative and positive ends of the battery case 204
Batteries 206D and 206A in the scrim 2
12B and 212A. These scrims 212
B and 212A are bus bar
End at buses 220 and 222, these buses are
Or polypropylene or other plastic or
Sealed inside glass material in polypropylene. These buses 220 and 222 are made of lead.
, Preferably made of copper, with scrims 212B and 212B
A is soldered to each busbar 220 and 222
Or have been welded. Buses 220 and 222 respectively
Terminals 224 and 226 are provided. Battery case 20
4 is provided with a cover 228
228 may have normal ventilation holes (not shown)
it can. Referring to FIG. 13, FIG. 9 and FIG.
Another embodiment of a biplate battery is shown.
In this figure, each part is shown as far as possible in FIGS.
It is indicated by the same number as used at 0. The plate 208 'is connected to the battery case 20.
Embedded in the 4 'wall 202', the battery 206
Seals A ', 206B', 206C 'and 206D'
doing. The upper edge of each plate 208 'is a battery case.
Embedded in the top plate 210 'of the battery 204'
6A ', 206B', 206C 'and 206D'
Fully sealed. The scrim 212 'is shown in FIGS.
Used for plate 198 'as
The wire of the rim 212 'is connected to the side edge 20 of the plate 198'.
It is not continuous around 0 'or top edge 208'. battery
The conductivity between them is provided by connector 207 '.
The connector 207 'is made of copper or aluminum.
To which the scrim 212 'is connected.
You. Additional weight for applications that do not require high current output
Connector 207 'to eliminate
212 'simply twists the wires and solders each other
Or electroplated. In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG.
07 'indicates the batteries 206A', 206B ', and 206C'.
And electrolyte contained in 206D '(not shown)
Connector 20 because it is isolated from chemical corrosion by
7 'to resist corrosion of highly conductive metal core and acidic electrolyte
It does not need to be composed of a composite wire having a lead coating.
The connector 207 'is separated from the electrolyte by the upper plate 210'.
Isolated and embedded in the material that makes up the top plate 210 '
Or as shown in FIG.
Embedded in other materials such as insert 209 '
Can be. The upper plate 210 'and the insert 209'
Various other materials, such as those described with respect to FIGS.
Can be configured. Each battery 206A ', 206B', 206
Fill C 'and 206D' with electrolyte, which is
Can be liquid or gel (starved immobilization
Also known as electrolyte or recombinant electrolyte
). When gel electrolyte is used, it is configured as shown in FIG.
Batteries do not leak their electrolyte.
In applications where the battery is vibrated or reversed
Are also suitable. Each battery 206A ', 206B', 206
C 'and 206D' respectively form a separator 218 '.
And the separator 218 'is provided on each plate 198'.
Scrims 212 'on both sides of the battery case 20
Used for scrims 212A 'and 212B' at both ends of 4 '
Contacted active substance paste (not shown)
You. The upper ends of the scrims 212A 'and 212B'
Are busbars 22 each sealed in an insert 209 '.
0 'and 222'. These buses 22
0 'and 222' consist of lead, or preferably copper
And the scrims 212B 'and 212
A 'hangs on each bus 220' and 222 '
Are soldered or welded. The buses 220 'and 222' are respectively
Terminals 224 'and 226'. Battery
The upper end of the case 204 'is provided with a cover 228'.
Bar 228 'is sealed if gel electrolyte is used
Or provided with normal ventilation holes (not shown)
Can be. Thus, 18 AWG (1.016 m in diameter)
m) with a 0.127 mm lead layer coated on the copper bus
1. Make a composite bus bar of 27 mm
, Golf Cart Size, 6 Bolt Dupe Cycle
  Replaces internal lead straps and connectors for batteries
This composite wire was used. 1.157Kg total weight
Equivalent current instead of internal lead straps and connectors
Using a composite bus of 0.1395 Kg with the quantity
Approximately 88% savings in connector weight. Like this
The obtained battery has a performance
It has at least comparable performance characteristics in all respects. further,
The bus constructed in this way can be
Nectar, smaller diameter and equivalent capacity
A compact battery is possible. Other Heavy Duty Golf Cart Sizes
6 volt deep cycle battery grid
Instead, a grid having the structure shown in FIG. 14 was used. straight
0.102 thickness on 0.305mm diameter C glass core material
0.508 mm diameter composite wire coated with a 0.5 mm lead layer.
Scrim woven from ears. Busbar claims are diameter
1.27 mm lead with 0.127 mm thick lead layer /
It was a copper (18AWG) composite wire. Replaced
The total weight of the 69 grid, excluding the active substance paste
7.35 Kg, replacing these conventional grids
The total weight of the grid, excluding the active paste material, is 1.
84 AKg, yielding about 75% grid weight savings
I did The modified battery is a conventional battery.
Performance at least as good as
In the past, it exceeded the capacity of the battery. For example, change
At a constant discharge current,
This produces approximately 25% more amp-hours. Total weight of battery
Decreases from 29.25 Kg to 22.05 Kg,
About was about 25%. In other tests as well
Updated 12 volt lead-acid aircraft battery is equivalent
At a discharge rate of about 30% (each 1
From 1.25 kg to about 7.65 kg wet weight
Drop) and higher overall discharge capacity. As described above, the composite coated wire is connected to the electrode grid.
Can be woven in a scrim shape for use as
Wear. 0.3 mm diameter with 0.203 mm copper wire core.
381 mm lead-coated wire has a glass core diameter
Approximately 5.5 times more conductive than 0.381mm lead coated wire
Has the property. Use aluminum wire as core material
And for this purpose, silver, gold, nickel and
And other highly conductive metals such as tantalum.
Wear. Each core metal has advantages and disadvantages.
You. For example, lead-copper is excellent in bonding, but aluminum
-Lead is relatively poor in bonding. But aluminum core composite
The wire is much lighter than the copper core composite wire
For applications where lightweight is more important than durability.
Is a preferred structure of aluminum core composite wire
It is shown that. Copper core composite wire has equivalent current
Small diameter in quantity, can produce thin grid
Therefore, a more compact battery is possible. With silver
Gold is an excellent conductor, but its price is very high
Limited to special uses. Of particular importance is the fiber core or high
Woven from lead-coated wire with a conductive metal core
Scrim can be wound into a rigid spiral battery
This is a small high current of "AA" size,
Enables rechargeable lead-acid batteries. This is punching
, Die-cut or expanded lead grids
Is impossible. Manufacturing of several "AA" size batteries
And tested at a discharge current of 10 amps. These groups
The lid is shown in FIG. This grid has a diameter of 0.30
5mm C glass core material and 0.120mm thick lead coating
(Lead layer) 0.508mm diameter composite wire
It consists of a scrim 230 woven. Compound bus 2 for drawing current from this grid
32 is a 24 AWG copper bus core material having a diameter of 0.508 mm.
Diameter extruded lead coating with thickness of 0.102mm on top
It is a composite wire of 0.711 mm. This composite bus 232
Is the end 234 of the composite wire comprising grid 230
Along with the grid 230. mother
Line 232 is removed for low current applications and
The battery applications shown in FIGS.
Either shape of the key is used. Referring to FIG. 19, the structure shown in FIG.
A pair of grids 236 are wound into a rigid spiral
A state where a separator 238 is interposed therebetween is shown.
You. Another structure of such a battery is shown in FIG. FIG. 21 shows the grid 236 and the separator 2.
38 for assembling 38 into casing 240.
This shows a state before winding into a spiral structure. Casing 24
0 is sealed by a cap 242 and these
Leasing members 240 and 242 have connectors 244
I have. Active substance paste and electrolyte clarify the drawing
Therefore, they are not shown in FIGS. 19, 20 and 21.
No. In a preferred embodiment, the battery is charged while charging.
The electrolyte is starved and immobilized to prevent
Degraded or recombinant gel electrolyte (with suspended electrolyte)
Also known). Connectors are usually busbar structures
But preferably copper or aluminum as described above.
It consists of a composite wire with a core. The separate connector 2 shown in FIGS.
Instead of using 44, the chimney portion 24 of grid 236
5 to be used as a connector through the cap 242
can do. Omission of connector 244 is somewhat heavy
Although it saves volume, the conductive capacity of the twisted chimney is high.
Conductivity lower than composite wire bus bar with conductive metal core
It is. Therefore, such a structure can
Preferred for applications where low weight is a primary concern over capacity
New Each of generating about 2.2 volts
The four batteries shown in FIGS. 19 and 21 are shown in FIG.
Built into a normal 9 volt battery case
I do. The battery case 246 shows its internal structure
This battery has four batteries 248
The connection is made in series by a connector 244. Connector 2
44 ends with normal cathode 250 and anode 252
You. [0145] A normal 9-bore smaller than the "D" size
The default size battery is also shown in FIGS. 9 and 10.
It can be composed of a battery having a sheet structure. Each battery case
Case 246 includes a plurality of batteries, which are shown in FIG.
Of the plate 198 shown in FIG.
Scrim similar to rim 212 similar to FIGS. 9 and 10
Is provided. 9 and FIG.
The bus and terminal similar to 222 and terminals 224 and 226
used. FIG. 23 shows a composite cable 254.
The composite cable 254 is composed of a composite wire 256 and a lead.
And an outer skin 258. The wire 256 is
It consists of a core 260 with a lead coating 262. Core material 260
Is E glass, C glass, carbon or aluminum
Fiber material such as fiber or aluminum
Can be made of highly conductive metal such as nickel or copper
You. In a preferred embodiment, having a C glass core
10 composite wires 256 having a diameter of 0.508 mm
Coated with about 0.254 mm of lead. This composite
Cable 254 as a high current slow blow fuse material
Can be used. In order to increase the tension of the cable 254,
Twist and fold the composite wire 256 before using the skin 258.
It can be bent or braided. Multiple composite wires
Pass through the wire 256 to a desired thickness.
Large enough diameter aperture to cover outer skin 258
The die assembly shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
By running these wires 256, the outer skin 258
To form For example, the preferred composite cable described above is manufactured.
In order to manufacture, a case with an aperture with a diameter of 2.36 mm
The mouth die is an exit die with an aperture of 2.87 mm in diameter.
Used with the die, these dies are approximately 0.254
mm apart. About 2,109-2,812 Kg /
cm^TwoUsing an extrusion pressure of ± 25%, the temperature in the die carrier
The temperature was maintained at about 121-149 ° C. Cable 256
Is a minimum of 6 and a maximum of 12 lead-coated fibers
(Composite wire 256). Here, composite cables are suitable for specific applications.
I can make it. For example, the performance characteristics of the cable
Lead mass used for lead-coated fiber and core fiber
It varies depending on the type of For example, multiple lead coated wires
Increasing the mass of the lead skin used for
Cables that do not break down as quickly as cables using lead
Bull is obtained. Also, E glass or synthetic fiber
Which core material can be used to increase the cable strength
Increased production speed and easier handling of fuse materials
Becomes possible. The present invention is limited only to the above description.
Rather, it can be arbitrarily changed within the scope of the gist.
Of course. [0151] Since the present invention has the above configuration,
Fibrous material with high tensile strength, optical glass fiber or
Core made of metal with good electrical conductivity and extruded into this core
Processable corrosion resistant metals, such as lead, zinc or nickel
To form a composite wire and knit the composite wire.
The scrim is used as an electrode grid,
The weight and strength of the grid
This has the effect of ensuring good curvature.
You.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view of an apparatus used for manufacturing a wire used in the present invention. FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a control device of the device of FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a part including a dice of the apparatus of FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the apparatus of FIGS. 1 and 3; FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of a piston. FIG. 6 is an elevational perspective view of a partially cut anode according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is an elevational perspective view of an electrode used for a bipolar battery. 8 is an elevation perspective view of another electrode having a different shape from the electrode of FIG. 7; 9 is a cross-sectional view of the bipolar plate battery taken along line 9-9 in FIG. FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of the bipolar plate battery taken along line 10-10 in FIG. 9; FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a dice part having a shape different from that of the dice part shown in FIG. 3; 12 is an exploded perspective view of a dice part in FIG. 11, and FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of another structure of the bipolar plate type battery in FIG. FIG. 14 is a front view of an electrode grid according to the present invention. FIG. 15 is a front view of another shape of the electrode grid. FIG. 16 is a front view of another shape of the electrode grid. FIG. 17 is a front view of another shape of the electrode grid. FIG. 18 is a front view of another shape of the electrode grid. FIG. 19 is a plan view of a spiral electrode for a lead battery in which an anode and a cathode are paired and separated by a separator. FIG. 20 is a plan view of the paired anode and cathode of FIG. FIG. 21 is an exploded perspective view of a cell including the electrodes shown in FIG. 19; FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing the inside of a rechargeable 9-volt battery formed by combining four cells of FIG. 21; FIG. 23 is a perspective view showing a state in which one end of a cable made of a composite wire is cut open and the other end is cut. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Lead ball 12 Feeder 22 Plunger 30 Compression chamber 52 Piston 56 Space 58,60 Dice 62 Die holder 86 Core material 100 Composite wire 120 Die separator 180,195,212,230 Scrim 182 Back frame 196 Frame 202 Case wall 204 Battery case 220, 222 bus

   ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page    (72) Inventors Charles, Elle, Matthews               Austin, Texas, United States               , P, o, box, 6290

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A method for producing a grid for use in an electrochemical battery cell, comprising producing an electrically conductive wire, forming a scrim by knitting the wire, and supplying a frame or a composite bus bar to the scrim. The wire is extruded by passing the extrudable corrosion-resistant metal through a die under high pressure and passing through the die so that the extrudable corrosion-resistant metal is extruded to form a composite continuous electrically conductive wire. Manufactured by supplying a core material, the extruded corrosion-resistant metal has a size of small fine grains, and the extruding step comprises: placing the extrudable corrosion-resistant metal in a compression chamber; Pressure is applied to the corrosion resistant metal in the compression chamber by pressing a piston against the corrosion resistant metal, thereby reducing the size of the compression chamber. Allowing a portion of the metal under pressure to escape from the compression chamber to a low pressure space between the piston, the annular land of the piston and the inner wall of the compression chamber through a passage through the body of the piston. Centering the piston with the metal escaped into the space, sealing the piston against the annular wall of the cylinder, and applying the low pressure so that the piston continues to be pressed against the corrosion resistant metal in the compression chamber. A method for manufacturing a grid for a battery, comprising: moving a space along the piston, thereby extruding the metal from a die. 2. The low pressure space is formed by two annular lands spaced around the piston, the piston having means for connecting the compression chamber to the low pressure space. 2. The method for manufacturing a battery grid according to item 1. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the elongated core material is selected from a group consisting of glass fiber, synthetic fiber, and carbon fiber. 4. . 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the core material is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, copper, gold, silver, nickel, and tantalum. . 5. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the corrosion-resistant metal is lead. 6. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the extrusion pressure exceeds about 2,812 Kg / cm ² . 7. The extrusion pressure is 2,812 to 3,515K
method for manufacturing a grid cell according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the range of g / cm ^2.