JP2696667B2 - Lock bolt caps and their use - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention covers a tip of a lock bolt projecting from a primary lining concrete surface constructed over a surface of a stratum in tunnel construction , and
Next, the non-woven fabric and the impermeable sheet
The present invention relates to a lock bolt cap for protecting it from breaking, and a method of using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A so-called NATM construction method (NATM construction method) has been conventionally used as a tunnel construction method for maintaining strength by spraying concrete onto an excavated surface in an excavated tunnel. This NATOM method generally uses a primary lining by spraying concrete and a waterproof sheet on the concrete surface with the primary lining in order to increase the strength of the tunnel, prevent water leakage in the tunnel and collect and drain the leaked water. After being stretched, it is constructed by a secondary lining that reinforces the surface of the impermeable sheet by spraying concrete thereon. When the concrete is sprayed by the primary lining, it is customary to drive rock bolts into the ground at appropriate intervals in order to loosen the ground and improve the strength of the primary lining concrete to be cast. This lock bolt has a tip protruding from the primary lining concrete surface, and is tightened to the concrete surface by tightening the tip with a nut via a washer. After sequentially stretching a nonwoven fabric for cushioning and a waterproof sheet made of synthetic resin over the entire surface,
The concrete is sprayed again by secondary lining. In addition, in order to reinforce the sprayed concrete at the time of placing the secondary lining concrete, an anchor bolt for reinforcing bars is separately driven into the ground, and the anchor bolt for reinforcing bars is made of the nonwoven fabric and the impermeable sheet. It is to penetrate and penetrate the penetrated part with appropriate water leakage prevention means, attach a reinforcing bar to the tip of the anchor bolt, arrange the reinforcing bar, and then spray secondary lining concrete.

[0003]

In such a NATOM method, the tip of a lock bolt and a nut are exposed on the primary lining concrete surface. Therefore, when a synthetic resin water-impervious sheet is stretched over the primary lining concrete surface via a buffer non-woven fabric, the protruding ends of the lock bolts penetrate the buffer non-woven fabric, and the surface of the non-woven fabric is There is a problem that the watertight sheet frequently comes into contact with the watertight sheet to be stretched, and the waterproof sheet breaks frequently, and it takes time and effort to repair water leaks generated from the broken part. In addition, even if the impermeable sheet can be stretched with the tip of the lock bolt protruding, a large load acts on the impermeable sheet when placing secondary lining concrete. In some cases, the tip of the lock bolt protruding from the side may break through the impermeable sheet and cause water leakage.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of such circumstances, the present invention provides a cap for a lock bolt which is easy to handle and which can be prevented from breaking, such as a water-impervious sheet, by being attached to the tip of a lock bolt protruding from the primary lining concrete surface. And a method of using the cap for a lock bolt.

[0005]

In order to achieve this object, a lock bolt cap according to the present invention is provided with a primary lining cover.
The impermeable sheet stretched on the surface of the concrete
Bolts protruding from the primary lining concrete surface toward the opening inside the central part of the synthetic resin cap main body having a hemispherical surface that can be carried gently
It is characterized in that a cylindrical bolt insertion part into which the tip of the nut can be inserted, and a cylindrical nut insertion part inserted with a nut screwed to the lock bolt and held by the nut are integrally connected. It is assumed that.

Another lock bolt cap of the present invention is a water-tight sheet stretched over the surface of primary lining concrete.
Hemispherical shape that can be supported by gently attaching
Projecting from the primary lining concrete surface toward the opening inside the center of the synthetic resin cap with a surface
A cylindrical bolt insertion part into which the tip of the lock bolt can be inserted, and a cylindrical nut insertion part inserted into a nut screwed into the lock bolt and held by the nut are integrally connected, A plurality of ribs are integrally formed on the inner peripheral surfaces of the bolt insertion portion and the nut insertion portion at predetermined intervals along the cylinder length direction.

[0007] The method of using the cap for a rock bolt of the present invention is to use a seepage control seal that is stretched on the surface of primary lining concrete.
Hemisphere that can be supported by gently attaching
Insert a cylindrical bolt insertion part into which the tip of the lock bolt can be inserted toward the opening and a nut screwed on the lock bolt, inside the central part of the synthetic resin cap having the surface of the nut Insert the tip of the lock bolt that protrudes from the primary lining concrete surface into the bolt insertion part located on the inner back side of the lock bolt cap that is integrally connected to the cylindrical nut insertion part held in At the same time, by inserting a nut screwed into the lock bolt into the nut insertion portion located on the opening side and holding the cap main body on the nut, the lock bolt and the nut projecting from the primary lining concrete surface and the periphery thereof It is characterized by covering a part.

In the present invention, the cap body constituting the cap for a lock bolt is formed by using a synthetic resin material such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or polyvinyl chloride. The cap main body basically has a cylindrical bolt insertion portion into which the tip of the lock bolt can be inserted toward the opening inside the center portion, and the opening is formed continuously with the bolt insertion portion. And a cylindrical nut insertion portion for inserting a nut screwed into the lock bolt is provided, and the cap main body is held by the nut by engagement of the nut and the nut insertion portion.

The cylindrical bolt insertion portion and the cylindrical nut insertion portion formed integrally with the cap main body differ depending on the diameters of the lock bolt and the nut protruding from the primary lining concrete surface. By forming plate-shaped ribs integrally at predetermined intervals in the cylinder length direction on the inner peripheral surfaces of the cylindrical bolt insertion part and cylindrical nut insertion part, lock bolts and nuts with different diameters can be formed. Can also be applied. At this time, each of the ribs has a lower end inclined in the direction of the peripheral wall of each of the insertion portions, so that the lock bolt and the nut can be smoothly inserted into the cylindrical insertion portion.

When the tip of a lock bolt projecting from the primary lining concrete surface is inserted into a cylindrical bolt insertion portion formed mainly of the cap, the length of the bolt is longer than the length of the cylindrical bolt insertion portion. If the lock bolt is long, the tip of the lock bolt projecting in accordance with the length of the cylindrical bolt insertion portion is cut off.

[0011]

According to the lock bolt cap of the present invention, the tip of the lock bolt protruding from the surface of the primary lining concrete in the construction of the tunnel is inserted into a bolt insertion portion formed inside the cap main body and screwed to the lock bolt. The inserted nut is also inserted into the nut insertion portion, and the cap is held by engaging the nut and the nut insertion portion, so that the tip of the lock bolt projecting from the surface of the primary lining concrete can be easily and simply. It can be easily covered and the hemispherical surface has a primary lining concrete
Gently attach the nonwoven fabric and the impermeable sheet
To prevent breakage.

The method of using the lock bolt cap of the present invention is such that the tip of the lock bolt protruding from the primary lining concrete surface is inserted into a bolt insertion portion provided mainly in the cap, and a nut is inserted into the nut insertion portion. ,
The cap covers the lock bolts and nuts and their surroundings mainly with a cap to prevent breakage of the non-woven fabric and the water-impervious sheet due to the protrusion of the lock bolts, and also to prevent the non-woven fabric and the shielding
Water sheet can be gently attached and carried
The breakage is more reliably prevented, and the work of stretching is easier
It is what becomes .

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A lock bolt cap according to the present invention and its use will be described more specifically with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a lock bolt cap of the present invention.
A hemispherical cap main body 2 made of polyethylene, and a cylindrical portion 5 facing the opening 3 inside the center of the cap main body 2.
And the inside is formed as a bolt insertion portion 4, and a step portion is provided following the cylindrical portion 5 to increase the diameter thereof so that the cylindrical portion 7 is formed.
Are formed, and the inside of the cylindrical portion 7 is used as the nut insertion portion 6.

That is, an annular concave groove 8 having a predetermined width and depth is integrally formed on a curved surface near the top of the cap main body 2, and the cap main body 2 is formed by forming the concave groove 8.
The inside of the cylindrical portion 5 which is formed integrally with the inside of the center portion of the cylindrical portion and extends toward the opening 3 is defined as a bolt insertion portion 4. Part 7
Are integrally formed to form an insertion portion 6 of a nut for screwing the inside thereof to a bolt. Although the tip of the cylindrical portion 7 in FIG. 1 projects slightly below the opening edge of the cap main body 2, it may be at the same level as or inside the opening 3.

The cap main body 2 has an outer diameter of about 120 m.
m, the height from the opening 3 to the top is about 40 mm, the cylindrical part 5 has an inner diameter of about 23 mmφ, a length of about 29 mm, and the cylindrical part 7
Has an inner diameter of about 41 mmφ, a length and about 23 mm. Therefore, the diameter of the applicable bolt or nut must necessarily be substantially the same as the size of the cylindrical portion 5 or 7.

A lock bolt cap 1 having such a structure.
Is specifically used by the method described below. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, after the primary lining concrete layer B is cast on the ground A, the rock bolt 10 is driven into the ground A. Then, after the tip of the driven rock bolt 10 is projected to the surface of the primary lining concrete layer B, a nut 12 is attached to the tip of the locking bolt 10 projecting to the surface of the primary lining concrete layer B via a washer 11. And the lock bolt 10 is fixed to the surface of the concrete layer 11. Next, the tip of the lock bolt 10 protruding from the primary lining concrete layer B and the nut 1
1 is covered with the lock bolt cap 1, a non-woven fabric C for buffering is applied to the entire surface of the primary lining concrete layer B including the lock bolt cap 1, and the surface is further covered with a synthetic resin. A waterproof sheet D made of a sheet is stretched, and a secondary lining concrete layer (not shown) is sprayed on the surface of the waterproof sheet D. At this time, in the lock bolt cap 1 shown in FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. 2, the tip of the lock bolt 10 is fitted into the bolt insertion portion 4 formed by the cylindrical portion 5, and the nut 12 is formed in a cylindrical shape. When inserted into the nut insertion portion 6 formed by the portion 7, at least the outer peripheral portion of the nut 12 engages with the inner peripheral portion of the nut insertion portion 6, so that the cap main body 2 is held by the nut 12, and as a result, The cap 1 covers the tip of the bolt 10, the nut 12, and its peripheral portion. With the use of such a lock bolt cap 1, the arc surface of the cap main body 2 is smoothly connected to the surface of the primary lining concrete layer B, and the protruding tip portion of the lock bolt 10, the nut 12, and its peripheral portion. Therefore, when the nonwoven fabric C and the impermeable sheet D are stretched, they are not damaged, and the stretching operation can be performed extremely smoothly.

Another lock bolt cap 2 of the present invention.
1, as shown in FIG. 3, a groove 28 having a predetermined width and depth is formed in a ring shape in the vicinity of the top of a hemispherical cap main body 22 made of polyethylene toward an opening 23. The inside of the cylindrical portion 25 formed by the formation of the groove portion is used as a bolt insertion portion 24, and a cylindrical portion 27 having a larger diameter than the cylindrical portion 25 is formed on the back surface of the bottom of the concave groove portion 28.
, And the inside thereof is a nut insertion portion 26. Thus, four ribs 29 having a constant width are integrally formed on the inner peripheral surface of each cylindrical portion 25 at predetermined intervals in the cylinder length direction, and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 27 is formed. Also, twelve ribs 30 having a constant width are integrally formed at predetermined intervals in the cylinder length direction. These ribs 29, 30
In order to facilitate the insertion of bolts and nuts, the lower end is inclined toward the inner peripheral wall, the cap main body 22 has a diameter of about 118 mmφ, a height of about 40 mm, and the bolt insertion section 25 has a height of Is about 20mm, inner diameter is about 25mm
φ, the width of the rib 29 is about 2 mm, the height of the nut insertion portion 27 is about 25 mm, the inner diameter is about 41 mm, and the width of the rib 30 is about 5 mm.

A lock bolt cap 21 having such a structure.
Is specifically used by the method described below. The lock bolt cap 21 has the same size when the lock bolt and the nut used for the lock have different standards, for example, when the M22 lock bolt including the nut is used and when the M24 lock bolt is used. Can be commonly used. That is, when the M22 lock bolt 40a having a small diameter is used, the tip of the lock bolt 40a is inserted into the bolt insertion portion 24 of the lock bolt cap 21 as shown in FIG. 26, the lock bolt 4
The tip of Oa is held in contact with the rib 29 formed in the bolt insertion portion 24, and the nut 42a is held in contact with the rib 30 formed in the nut insertion portion 26. In addition,
41a is a washer.

Next, the lock bolt cap 21
Is applied to the M24 lock bolt 40b having a large size, the tip of the lock bolt 40b is similarly fitted into the nut insertion portion 26 to crush the rib 29 formed on the bolt insertion portion 24. The nut 42b is inserted and held in a state where the rib 30 formed on the nut insertion portion 26 is crushed, and in each case, the opening sides of the ribs 29 and 30 are tapered and expanded. As a result, the tip of the lock bolt and the nut are smoothly fitted, and the mounting is extremely easy. In addition, 41b is a washer.

[0020]

The lock bolt cap of the present invention is
Inside the center of the hemispherical cap main body, a cylindrical bolt insertion part for inserting the tip of the lock bolt protruding from the surface of the primary lining concrete, and fixing the lock bolt to the surface of the primary lining concrete The simple structure of integrally connecting the nut insertion part to insert the nut for inserting the nut and the nut of the lock bolt protruding on the surface of the primary lining concrete in the tunnel construction
It is possible to reliably cover and prevent breakage of the nonwoven fabric and the water-impervious sheet stretched on the primary lining concrete surface .

In particular, by arranging ribs having a predetermined width uniformly at predetermined intervals inside the bolt insertion portion and the nut insertion portion, even if the diameters of the bolts and nuts are slightly different. Because it can be used, it is extremely versatile. Moreover, in this lock bolt cap, since the nut insertion portion is engaged with the nut,
Since there is no particular need for a holding means for securely covering the lock bolt and the nut and its peripheral portion mainly with the cap, the handling is extremely simple and easy, so that the working efficiency can be greatly improved.

The method of using the cap for a lock bolt of the present invention is as follows. The tip of the lock bolt protruding from the primary lining concrete surface is inserted into the bolt insertion portion, and the nut is inserted into the nut insertion portion. a nut and a peripheral portion thereof securely covered with a cap subject, or
In addition, gently apply the nonwoven fabric or the impermeable sheet on the hemispherical surface.
Since it can be carried along with the non-woven fabric,
Water sheet breakage can be more reliably prevented, and stretching work
Is also easy .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a lock bolt cap of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of use of the lock bolt cap of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the lock bolt cap of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of use of the lock bolt cap of FIG. 3;

5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of use of the lock bolt cap of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a primary lining and a seepage control sheet in tunnel construction.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lock bolt cap 2 Cap main body 3 Opening part 4 Bolt insertion part 5, 7 Cylindrical body 6 Nut insertion part 8 Concave groove part

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. Stretching on the surface of primary lining concrete
A water-impervious sheet can be supported by gently attaching it through a nonwoven fabric.
Inside the center of the synthetic resin cap with a hemispherical surface, the primary lining concrete surface facing the opening
A cylindrical bolt insertion part into which the tip of the more protruding lock bolt can be inserted, and a cylindrical nut insertion part that is inserted into a nut screwed into the lock bolt and held by the nut are integrally connected. A cap for a lock bolt, comprising: 2. Stretching on the surface of primary lining concrete
A water-impervious sheet can be supported by gently attaching it through a nonwoven fabric.
Inside the center of the synthetic resin cap with a hemispherical surface, the primary lining concrete surface facing the opening
A cylindrical bolt insertion portion into which the tip of a more protruding lock bolt can be inserted, and a cylindrical nut insertion portion inserted into a nut screwed to the lock bolt and held by the nut are integrally connected. In addition, a cap for a lock bolt, wherein a plurality of ribs are integrally formed on the inner peripheral surfaces of the bolt insertion portion and the nut insertion portion at predetermined intervals along the cylinder length direction. 3. Stretching on the surface of primary lining concrete
A water-impervious sheet can be supported by gently attaching it through a nonwoven fabric.
Inside the center of the synthetic resin cap with a hemispherical surface, the primary lining concrete surface facing the opening
A cylindrical bolt insertion portion into which the tip of a more protruding lock bolt can be inserted, and a cylindrical nut insertion portion inserted into a nut screwed to the lock bolt and held by the nut are integrally connected. At the same time, a plurality of ribs whose lower ends are inclined in the peripheral wall direction of the respective insertion portions are integrally formed at predetermined intervals along the cylinder length direction on the inner peripheral surfaces of the bolt insertion portion and the nut insertion portion. A cap for a lock bolt characterized by being formed. 4. Stretching on the surface of primary lining concrete
A water-impervious sheet can be supported by gently attaching it through a nonwoven fabric.
Insert a cylindrical bolt insertion part into which the tip of the lock bolt can be inserted toward the opening and a nut screwed to the lock bolt inside the center of the synthetic resin cap having a hemispherical surface. Of the lock bolt cap that is integrally connected to the cylindrical nut insertion part held by the nut
Insert the tip of the lock bolt protruding from the primary lining concrete surface into the bolt insertion part located on the inner back side, and insert the nut screwed into the lock bolt into the nut insertion part located on the opening side A method for using a cap for a lock bolt, wherein the cap main body is held by the nut to cover a lock bolt and a nut protruding from a primary lining concrete surface and a peripheral portion thereof. 5. Stretching on the surface of primary lining concrete
A water-impervious sheet can be supported by gently attaching it through a nonwoven fabric.
Inside the central part of a synthetic resin cap having a hemispherical surface, a cylindrical bolt insertion part into which the tip of the lock bolt can be inserted toward the opening, and a nut screwed to the lock bolt A cylindrical nut insertion portion to be inserted and held by the nut is integrally connected, and at a predetermined interval along the cylinder length direction on the inner peripheral surfaces of the bolt insertion portion and the nut insertion portion. A lock bolt cap having a lower end integrally formed with a plurality of ribs inclined in the direction of the peripheral wall of each of the insertion portions, wherein the lock projecting from the primary lining concrete surface to the bolt insertion portion located on the inner back side. While inserting the tip of the bolt, the nut screwed into the lock bolt at least into the nut insertion part located on the opening side is brought into contact with the rib provided in the nut insertion part, or the rib is crushed. Using lock bolt cap, characterized in that to hold the cap main body to said nut, covering the lock bolt and nut and its peripheral portion protruding from the primary lining concrete surface.