JP2681135B2 - Ophthalmic diagnostic equipment - Google Patents
Ophthalmic diagnostic equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JP2681135B2 JP2681135B2 JP63183335A JP18333588A JP2681135B2 JP 2681135 B2 JP2681135 B2 JP 2681135B2 JP 63183335 A JP63183335 A JP 63183335A JP 18333588 A JP18333588 A JP 18333588A JP 2681135 B2 JP2681135 B2 JP 2681135B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cornea
- applanation
- measuring
- probe
- pressing force
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/16—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for measuring intraocular pressure, e.g. tonometers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/10—Eye inspection
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は、被検眼の眼球に超音波探触子を接触させ、
眼軸長及び眼圧を計測する眼科診断装置に関するもので
ある。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of use] The present invention brings an ultrasonic probe into contact with the eyeball of an eye to be inspected,
The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic diagnostic device that measures an axial length and an intraocular pressure.
［従来の技術］ 従来、超音波探触子を用いた眼軸長の計測装置には、
簡易水浸法によるものやソリッドタイプのものが知られ
ているが、何れも眼軸長だけしか計測できず、また水浸
法の不便さを解消したソリッドタイプでは角膜変形によ
る誤差を押さえることが困難である。[Prior Art] Conventionally, in an axial length measuring device using an ultrasonic probe,
The simple water immersion method and the solid type are known, but in both cases, only the axial length can be measured, and the solid type that eliminates the inconvenience of the water immersion method can suppress the error due to corneal deformation. Have difficulty.
［発明の目的］ 本発明の目的は、眼軸長の測定誤差を補正すると共
に、眼圧の測定も行うことができる眼科診断装置を提供
することにある。[Object of the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmologic diagnostic apparatus capable of correcting the measurement error of the axial length and also measuring the intraocular pressure.
［発明の概要］ 上述の目的を達成するための本発明の要旨は、被検眼
の角膜に探触子を接触させ、該探触子から超音波ビーム
を発して眼軸長を計測する眼科診断装置において、前記
探触子を角膜に押圧し圧平する圧平手段と、該圧平手段
により圧平される角膜の圧平量及び押圧力を計測する計
測手段と、前記圧平量と押圧力により眼圧を算出する算
出手段とを有することを特徴とする眼科診断装置であ
る。[Summary of the Invention] The gist of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is an ophthalmological diagnosis in which a probe is brought into contact with the cornea of an eye to be examined, and an ultrasonic beam is emitted from the probe to measure the axial length of the eye. In the apparatus, applanation means for pressing and flattening the probe against the cornea, measuring means for measuring the applanation amount and pressing force of the cornea to be applanated by the applanation means, and the applanation amount and pressing force. An ophthalmologic diagnosis apparatus comprising: a calculating unit that calculates an intraocular pressure based on pressure.
［発明の実施例］ 本発明を図示の実施例に基づいて詳細に説明する。[Embodiment of the Invention] The present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiment.
第１図において、基台１上には可動台２が前後・左右
方向に可動自在に設置され、可動台２上には上下方向の
調整が可能な案内部材３が構設されている。案内部材３
には、探触子ホルダ４により被検眼の角膜Ｃに接触する
超音波探触子５が前後方向に摺動可能な状態で取り付け
られている。探触子ホルダ４はスプリング６により前方
に付勢されており、指針７及び目盛８により角膜Ｃに対
する押圧力を読み取れるようになっている。また、可動
台２には操作レバー９が設けられ、アライメント調整及
び装置の操作ができるようにされている。In FIG. 1, a movable base 2 is installed on the base 1 so as to be movable in the front-rear and left-right directions, and a guide member 3 that can be adjusted in the vertical direction is provided on the movable base 2. Guide member 3
An ultrasonic probe 5 that comes into contact with the cornea C of the eye to be inspected by a probe holder 4 is attached to the device in such a manner that it can slide in the front-back direction. The probe holder 4 is biased forward by a spring 6, and the pressing force on the cornea C can be read by the pointer 7 and the scale 8. Further, the movable table 2 is provided with an operation lever 9 so that the alignment adjustment and the operation of the apparatus can be performed.
第２図に示すように、超音波探触子５は角膜Ｃに接触
する側から透光部材10、音響整合層11、超音波振動子1
2、音響吸収体13により形成され、また角膜Ｃの斜め前
方には光源14が設けられ、角膜Ｃに関する反射光路上に
は撮影レンズ15、二次元受光素子16が配置されている。As shown in FIG. 2, the ultrasonic probe 5 includes a translucent member 10, an acoustic matching layer 11, an ultrasonic transducer 1 from the side in contact with the cornea C.
2. A light source 14 is formed by the acoustic absorber 13 and is obliquely forward of the cornea C, and a photographing lens 15 and a two-dimensional light receiving element 16 are arranged on the reflected optical path of the cornea C.
眼軸長測定時には、透光部材10を角膜Ｃに接触させた
状態で、超音波振動子12が発生する超音波ビームにより
既知の方法で眼軸長が測定される。同時に、光源14から
の光束が角膜Ｃを照射し、透光部材10を通過して角膜Ｃ
の圧平面で反射した光束は、撮影レンズ15を経て二次元
受光素子16に至り、その投影像から圧平面の面積が計算
される。圧平により生ずる角膜Ｃの凹み量Ｘは、角膜Ｃ
の曲率半径をＲ、圧平面の等価直径をＤとするとき、 Ｘ＝Ｒ−｛R2−（D/2）２｝1/2 と概算されるが、ここで等価直径Ｄは圧平面積から算出
されるので、予め曲率半径Ｒをケラトメータで計算して
おけば凹み量Ｘの概略値を得ることができ、眼軸長の測
定値を補正することができる。At the time of measuring the axial length, the axial length is measured by a known method by the ultrasonic beam generated by the ultrasonic transducer 12 while the translucent member 10 is in contact with the cornea C. At the same time, the light flux from the light source 14 illuminates the cornea C, passes through the translucent member 10, and passes through the cornea C.
The light flux reflected by the pressure plane of (1) reaches the two-dimensional light receiving element (16) through the taking lens (15), and the area of the pressure plane is calculated from the projected image. The amount X of depression of the cornea C caused by applanation is
Let R be the radius of curvature of D and D be the equivalent diameter of the pressure plane, then it is estimated that X = R- {R 2- (D / 2) 2 } 1/2 , where the equivalent diameter D is the applanation area. Since the radius of curvature R is calculated in advance by a keratometer, an approximate value of the amount of depression X can be obtained, and the measured value of the axial length can be corrected.
眼圧測定時には、検者は操作レバー９を操作して超音
波探触子５で角膜Ｃを更に圧平し、前述した方法で得ら
れる圧平面積が所定の値、例えば等価直径Ｄ＝3.06mmの
ときの押圧力を指針７及び目盛８から測定する。そし
て、眼圧値はこの測定された押圧力及び圧平面積から算
出することができる。At the time of measuring the intraocular pressure, the examiner operates the operation lever 9 to further applanate the cornea C with the ultrasonic probe 5, and the applanation area obtained by the above-described method has a predetermined value, for example, the equivalent diameter D = 3.06. The pressing force at mm is measured from the pointer 7 and the scale 8. The intraocular pressure value can be calculated from the measured pressing force and applanation area.
このように、角膜Ｃへの押圧力が低い状態で先ず眼軸
長を測定し、その後に操作レバー９を操作して眼圧を測
定するというように、一連の操作を連続して行うことが
できる。なお、眼圧測定時に所定の押圧力又は圧平面積
を越えた場合には警告音を発したり、可動台２の移動を
停止したり更には後退させる機構を設けておけば安全性
が確保される。In this way, a series of operations can be continuously performed, such as first measuring the axial length of the eye in a state where the pressing force on the cornea C is low, and then operating the operation lever 9 to measure the intraocular pressure. it can. If a predetermined pressing force or applanation area is exceeded at the time of measuring the intraocular pressure, a warning sound is emitted, and a mechanism for stopping the movement of the movable table 2 or further retracting it is provided to ensure safety. It
第３図は押圧手段の他の実施例を示し、角膜Ｃを押圧
する手段としてスプリング６の代りに空気圧を利用して
いる。この第３図において、円筒状のシリンダ20は案内
部材３上に固定され、シリンダ20の内部にピストン21、
22が摺動可能とされており、ピストン21の他端は探触子
ホルダ４に固定され、ピストン22の他端は外部から操作
されるようになっている。また、シリンダ20には孔部23
が形成され、ここに外側から圧力センサ24が取り付けら
れている。FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the pressing means, in which air pressure is used instead of the spring 6 as means for pressing the cornea C. In FIG. 3, a cylindrical cylinder 20 is fixed on the guide member 3, and a piston 21,
22 is slidable, the other end of the piston 21 is fixed to the probe holder 4, and the other end of the piston 22 is operated from the outside. In addition, the cylinder 20 has a hole 23
Is formed, and the pressure sensor 24 is attached thereto from the outside.
眼軸長及び眼圧測定時には、ピストン21が押し込まれ
シリンダ20の内部の空気圧が上昇する。ピストン21の静
止状態では角膜Ｃの押圧力とシリンダ20内の空気圧とが
等しくなるため、圧力センサ24によって空気圧を測定す
ることにより、押圧力を求めることができる。また、空
気圧が所定値を越えた場合ピストン22が後退するように
しておけば、角膜Ｃに必要以上の押圧力が加わることを
防止できる。When measuring the axial length and the intraocular pressure, the piston 21 is pushed in and the air pressure inside the cylinder 20 rises. Since the pressing force of the cornea C and the air pressure in the cylinder 20 are equal when the piston 21 is stationary, the pressing force can be obtained by measuring the air pressure with the pressure sensor 24. Further, if the piston 22 is set to retract when the air pressure exceeds a predetermined value, it is possible to prevent an excessive pressing force from being applied to the cornea C.
第４図は押圧手段の更に他の実施例を示し、探触子ホ
ルダ４の後方には２本のスプリング30、31が設けられ、
（ａ）の眼軸長測定時にはスプリング30が、（ｂ）の眼
圧測定時にはスプリング31が探触子ホルダ４に対し付勢
するようになっている。一般に、眼軸長の測定時には眼
圧測定時よりも角膜Ｃへの押圧力が低いため、各測定に
合わせて最適のばね定数を選択することができる。FIG. 4 shows still another embodiment of the pressing means, in which two springs 30 and 31 are provided behind the probe holder 4,
The spring 30 biases the probe holder 4 against the probe holder 4 when measuring the axial length in (a) and the intraocular pressure measurement in (b). Generally, since the pressing force on the cornea C is lower when measuring the axial length of the eye than when measuring the intraocular pressure, the optimum spring constant can be selected according to each measurement.
［発明の効果］ 以上説明したように本発明に係る眼科診断装置は、眼
軸長を測定するための超音波探触子を使用して眼圧を計
測することが可能であり、効率の良い計測ができると共
に装置を簡略化し、製造コストをも大幅に低減できる利
点がある。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the ophthalmic diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention can measure the intraocular pressure using the ultrasonic probe for measuring the axial length of the eye, which is efficient. There are advantages that measurement can be performed, the device can be simplified, and the manufacturing cost can be significantly reduced.
図面は本発明に係る眼科診断装置の実施例を示し、第１
図は構成図、第２図は超音波探触子の構成図、第３図、
第４図はそれぞれ押圧手段の他の実施例の構成図であ
る。 符号１は基台、２は摺動台、３は案内部材、４は探触子
ホルダ、５は超音波探触子、６はスプリング、７は指
針、８は目盛、10は透光部材、11は超音波振動子、14は
光源、16は二次元受光素子、20はシリンダ、21、22はピ
ストン、24は圧力センサ、30、31はスプリングである。The drawings show an embodiment of an ophthalmologic diagnosis apparatus according to the present invention.
The figure is a block diagram, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the ultrasonic probe, FIG.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the pressing means. Reference numeral 1 is a base, 2 is a slide base, 3 is a guide member, 4 is a probe holder, 5 is an ultrasonic probe, 6 is a spring, 7 is a pointer, 8 is a scale, 10 is a translucent member, Reference numeral 11 is an ultrasonic transducer, 14 is a light source, 16 is a two-dimensional light receiving element, 20 is a cylinder, 21 and 22 are pistons, 24 is a pressure sensor, and 30 and 31 are springs.
Claims (1)
子から超音波ビームを発して眼軸長を計測する眼科診断
装置において、前記探触子を角膜に押圧し圧平する圧平
手段と、該圧平手段により圧平される角膜の圧平量及び
押圧力を計測する計測手段と、前記圧平量と押圧力によ
り眼圧を算出する算出手段とを有することを特徴とする
眼科診断装置。1. An ophthalmologic diagnostic apparatus in which a probe is brought into contact with the cornea of an eye to be inspected, and an ultrasonic beam is emitted from the probe to measure the axial length of the eye, the probe being pressed against the cornea. An applanation means, a measuring means for measuring an applanation amount and a pressing force of the cornea to be applanated by the applanation means, and a calculating means for calculating an intraocular pressure based on the applanation amount and the pressing force. A characteristic ophthalmic diagnostic device.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63183335A JP2681135B2 (en) | 1988-07-22 | 1988-07-22 | Ophthalmic diagnostic equipment |
| DE3852985T DE3852985T2 (en) | 1987-11-02 | 1988-11-02 | Ophthalmic ultrasound measuring device. |
| EP88118272A EP0315160B1 (en) | 1987-11-02 | 1988-11-02 | Ultrasonic ophthalmic measuring apparatus |
| US07/633,180 US5056522A (en) | 1987-11-02 | 1990-12-28 | Supersonic ophthalmic measuring apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63183335A JP2681135B2 (en) | 1988-07-22 | 1988-07-22 | Ophthalmic diagnostic equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0231731A JPH0231731A (en) | 1990-02-01 |
| JP2681135B2 true JP2681135B2 (en) | 1997-11-26 |
Family
ID=16133922
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63183335A Expired - Fee Related JP2681135B2 (en) | 1987-11-02 | 1988-07-22 | Ophthalmic diagnostic equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2681135B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08280631A (en) * | 1995-04-17 | 1996-10-29 | Topcon Corp | Non-contact type tonometer |
| JP4734263B2 (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2011-07-27 | 株式会社ハナガタ | Packaging equipment for goods |
| JP6911339B2 (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2021-07-28 | 株式会社ニデック | Ophthalmic equipment |
-
1988
- 1988-07-22 JP JP63183335A patent/JP2681135B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0231731A (en) | 1990-02-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |